SE -B *. . ..E .
TRI-W EEKLY EDI TION. WINNSB3ORO, S. C., JUNE~ 16, 1881. ESTABLISHED 1865.
' IN. PERILOUS WATERS.
'Bout ship I 0 brother mariners I
'Tie noodful we should floo
For ploasuro spreads her luring not
Beneath this hungry sea.
'rwere death to us did wo but pass
You ridge of creanly foam ;
The-e, in a sea-cave, fathoms doop,
'I no ar n makes her homo.
O'er lucout waves of golden green
Soft breezts bear along
To ears that will not be beguited
The wanton's duloot song.
We scorn the glamour of her face,
A flame with hot desire ;
No charm lies in her baleful look
Of eyed that scotch liko lIre.
Her kisses pall, her lovo is false
So quick to seaward sail ;
For kinder is the stress of waves,
Less cruel is the gale.
'Tho heaven of our hope doth lio
Hard by a brighter shoro ;
Thore we may strike our Lattered sa ils,
And rest us overmoro I
Charity's Rewilrd.
In t lie first cabin of the steamer boud to
Quebec, they dined sumptuously, and
lived a happy luxurious life.
In the steerage -leaven have mercy I
how they suffered I
Millicent Dty shivered to her very soul
when she thought of it,aud wondered often
why such things should be, why some were
so rich, and some were so poor; om1e so
ULteIly alone, unloved, antd neglected. Had
she been able to act as she choae,there would
have 1)0en a grand transformation scene
that dirty steerage very soon, and tables
covered with1 choice dalnties would have
risen through the floor and snow-white
linen, and fresh, soft couches would have
taken the place of the rags, and hard
berths, and general shabbiness.
utt one girl,though she were a rich one,
had little in her power on that desolate
waste of waters. Still, that little Millicent
dic'. She had it her posession biscuits,aud
cowmerves, and delicate damnties prepared
for her own comfort during the voyage;aud
thinking that at the cabin table she had all
she needed, she played the Lady Bountiful
with these small stores; chooving for her
principal proteges an Italiatn woman and
ier gaunt children, who seemed to her to
be the most wretched of them all, and to
whom, speaking the language well, she
could make herself understood.
In vain her friends remonstrated; In van
the captain declared that lie should forbid
such dangerous work aanong the emigrants.
Millicent had her own way. Once a day,
at least, she penetrated into the Inferno be
t w the comparative Parailise of her own
douain, rind fed those poor parched lips
with her daiuties, and comforted the
mother, when her youngest lay at death's
door, with-her innocent sympathy. And
the woman grew to love her, and the wan,
but classical faces of the boys lit tap when
she approached. And when, with land in
sight, the little heiress emptied her purse
into the dark hand of the penniless steerage
passenger, and mnade her, for the moment,
rich and full of hope, she turned with
severe earnestness to her eldest boy.
"Never forget to pray to the Madonna
for this beautiful Signorina I" she cried.
"Itemenbr that it is all that you can dc,
and my dyhaig curse upoa you if you for
get, it I"
And with this fierce adjuration to haer
children anld a prayer that fell like liquid
silver I romn her lips for "'the Slganorlina,"
siae parted from Millicent, who weant to her
beautiful home anti her friend s. saddc encd
and saottened by the scenies that she haud
witngssed, ad aemlemibceed thiem a long,
long while.
She hiad given the woman heri address,
but the poor woman di not come to her.
Whalit fate hefel her, Milliceant (11( not,
know; andit, in time, the amemoay of those
well cuit classical fac es, gaunt and meagre
from starvatilon, but with a strange wildi
beauty abiout thiem neverthleless, ceased to
haunt, her-perhaps because one0 fauce hiad
tauken possession of her fancmy, as oane
face will, sooner or later, of thaut of every
Johna Blauir, a youang engineer and archi
tect, had met hier,andt looked into hecr eyes,
haud touched her hiand, hadt uttered .thlose
saubtle compliments that wini a wvoman's
haart s0 eausiy; and though he was ncathei
rich nor great, lie was the one mana of mn
to heCr.
Six mioths fronm the dasy of their meet'
ing Johna Blair and1 Millicent D~ay were
married, anti a haappler p~air it wouldi have
i~ala hrd to flndt. Theay yielded mutually
to) each ofher's wishes, and conseqjuenatly
grewv to have the saume desires, so that al
last no ylding was niecessairy.
Only 1n 0one thaig dhi( Millicent p~rove
herself obstinute-naothing could( tempt het
on ana ocean voyage.
A visit to hais native Enagland andit a teut
inl Emiope was John's anticipated plleasure;
but, her experince in crossinag the ocear
hiad mnade her averse to ats reptletltlon.
"Whether I saw themi or nlot, the faucei
of the steerage passengers wouald hiauai
mel,"' she salid; ''and I caimnot eandutre thae
Idea of settig foot uponi anl oceanm steame:
agan."
So John, who haad ano wish to galonec
left thec latter to tile cuare of thn , wh<a
brought them few sorrows aand mI f h joy
and~ now and then laidh upon01 MIi icenat'
brieas~t a little token of his ilight; so that a
last a hmoy 'ahnost, as tail as herself caJllet
Millicent mothler, anid the' nuarsery wai
multsical witsh-litble voices.
Ti' n), braver and older, and more will
i evea to do anything to make Jol
i~'1 llllcent agreed to the Europeai
4 " leaving the little ones to the ten
der care of grandmanmma, and grandpapa,
the married )overs Look their places in a
great ocean palace, and left laid behind
them, for awhile at least.
"It might be," Millicent thought, as she
remembered her darling babes with tears
in her eyes--"miight be forever, if the sea
were cruel."
But the sea ivas kind. No storms arose.
They crossed the Atlantic in safety, and
traversed Europe with none but pleasti
rable events until at last. they found them
selves In Naples, and ready, one bright
moruinim, to do, what all visitors to Naples
must desire to do- namely, ascend lount
Vesuvius.
They mounted their borses, and led by a
guide, ascended the iouitaini to a certain
resting-place, where it is customary to die
mount, and, leaving their steeds behind,
trust to one's feet and the guide for further
advancement.
"Is heaven lovelier than this?" asked
Millicent, clinging to her husband, and
bursting, she hardly knew why,imto a flood
of tears.
But the guide did not leave them to their
feast of beauty undisturbed. Ile Imade
them do V, suvius properly; peep into the
crater, possess themselves of a piece of
lava, witness the process of cooking an egg
in the hot sand, and go through with the
rest of the formula.
Then it seemed time to return;and John,
glancing at his watch, counted the tine
that lay between them and their inn at
Naples, and they began their descent.
Suddenly, at a spot where some large
trees enlivened the desolation of the rough
road, the guide paused and uttered a cry.
Before them, risen as It seemed from tihe
very ground,stood a group of ien-mough,
savage-looking fellows, armed with guns,
and wearing broad hats-who, without
further parley, surrounded them and seiz
ing the bridles of their liorses,and tying the
hands of the trembling guide behind them,
led them away over the rough roads in
silence.
John Blair was no coward; but to on
deavor to resist such a force would have
been sheer folly in a single man. Booty,
as he reflected, was probaly their object,
and his wife's safety was his first thought.
Holding her hand in his, hecomforted her
as well as possible;and fluidly, with a sink
ing heart, obeyed the orders of one who
seemed to be captain, and dismounted at
the entrance of an old ruin, into which
they were forced, but not over roughly, to
enter.
It was an ancient and dilapidated hall,
with a fire burning at one end; and here
their conductors left them for a while
alone, fastening the door behind them.
Then, and'then only, the poor guide fell
to wringing his hands and weeping, and
imploring the lady and gentleman to pay
whatever ransom was required.
Meanwhile, Milicent,overcome with ter
ror, wepteupon her husbanai's breast, and
lie found It impossible to comfort her. In
deed, the savage aspect of the men, and
the accounts that lie had heard of banditti
outrages left lim but little hope.
Then it was thht they heard the sound
of returning feet without, and presently
the unfastening of a door.
A figure entered, and going to the fire,
which had nearly smoulered out, flung on
It seime dry woodl, which -instanitly kindled
into a blaze, and biy its flame lit two torches,
which were thrust into sconces pendant
from the wall.
By this welcome light they saw that it
was that, of a wvomanm, whmo seemed to have
brought some food for Ltem upon a sort of
wvooden tray.
She was old, aind gauint., anid beint; but
her features had a strange beauty about
them, neverthelcss, and~ awakened in Milli.
cem.t's mindl a mieimory too vague and ide
finIte for wVordls. She hiad seen the face
before; it might he in sonme of those old
pictures att Rome-that brown skin, those
classicadalit, linies, that gaunt imngreness
that seemed to blight what once had beeni
beautiful. Yes, semewhiere -she remcim
bered it. In another momnt the truth
flashed upon her,as the woman knelt (downi
to deposit the tray upon the floor. She
uttered a little cry ; a shriller one responld
edl to it, and tihe gaunt creature lay pros
trate before lie r, kissing lier garments.
"'It ms the Signorina I" she cried.
And Milhcent knew the i~hian woman
of the steerage, whomi she had succored so
many years before.
"Then it Is thus that Gliacomo returns a
benell" cried the wonman. '-My nmahedic
tions upon hhnmu I But he did not knowv
youi-he did not rememberm ias I (do. Wait.
llave iio fear I You are safe f"
Then another nmemory d'uwnied upon
Millicent; and, in the captain of those
bandits, she knew the boy whose eyes lad
beeni fixed upon her face when hisi mother
bade him pray for hdr eterinally.
In another moment lie was there, and
Millicent, knew that they were safe. Bad
as lie must have been, a bandit and aii out.
law, this Italian had retained~ .his grati
tudie.
TIhie kindness of the young heiress to the
wretched emigran~ts had not, been forgotten,
and the man who had returned to his own
land to lead a lawvless life had cherished
hien memory fondly in his breast. ile fed
them with the best lie had to give, and
prayedi for them to thme saints and the
Madonna; amid his own hand red with
many a man's blood ledh them safely from
his forest fastnesses to a spot where the
lights from the city of Naples seemed to
snumle a wecm hm
-The wheat eOmp of 18$1 will be
Capt. Renezfnki has written an inter
Dating book oil "The last of the Anakim in
the Land of Moab," in which he gives
some particulars as to his studies of the in
scription on the famous Moabite stone. In
Aui,ust, 18018, the lRev. F. Kein, of the
Church Missionary society, while in the
Land of Moab, near Dibon, was informed
by an Arab that near by there was a black
Basalt stone inscribed with ancient chara(
ters. Upon going to the locality indicated
lIe found lying among the ruins a stone
about thico feet ten inches high, two feet
broad and 141 inches thick, rounded at top
and bottom, and containing thirty-four
lines of inscription running across the stone.
Mr. Klein at this tiluc did not appreciate
the importance of tho discqvery, and he
merely copied a few words frolin the stone.
lie, however, took tmeasures to secure the
stone for the Berlin museum, but made
little progress with his negotiations. A
few weeks afterward Capt. Warren, the
agent of the Palestine Exploration fund.
was informed of the existence of the stone,
but he took no action in the matter, know
ing that the Prussian consul was endeavor
ing to secure it. . In the beginning of the
following year Capt. Warren was ustonished
to learn, as was also M. Clermont Uanneau,
of the French consulate at Jerusalem, that
no copy or "kqueze" of the inscription had
been taken. Towards the close of the year
1859 the latter not only sent men to obtain
quezes, who quarreled in the presence of
the Arabs, but offered $375 for the stone,
whereas X80 had already been promised
by the Prussian government, and accepted
by those who claimed the ownership of the
stone. At this stage the gove-:nment of
Nablus demanded the prize for itself,
and the Moabites, exasperatied at his rapa
city, "sooner than give it up put a fire
under it and threw cold water on It, and
so broke it, and then distributed the bits
among the different families, - to be placed
in the granaries and act as blessings upon
the corn ; for they said that without the
stone a blight would fall upon their crops."
After immense trouble M. Clermont-Uan
neau recovered some twenty of these frag
ments, containg 613 letters, while several
small pieces were acquired by the Palestine
exploration fund. These fragments, when
united, were found to contain 6609 words,
out of a total of 1,100 which the complete
stone must have contained. The greater
part of the missing letters were recovered
fr.>m the squezcs taken before the stone
was broken by the ruthless Moabites, "so
that only thirty-five words, fifteen half
words and eighteen letters-less than one
seventh of the whole-remain t-j be sup
plied from conjecture." With reference to
the characters engraved on tihe stone, the
general opinion is that they are Phoanician,
also called Samaritan, Such as were used
by the Jews before the captivity. Dr.
Uidsburg, who has ekecuted a translation
of the inscriptions, says that these charac
ters were common B. C. 700 to all the
races of western Asia, an(1 were used i
Nineveh, Plonicia, Jerusalem, Samaria,
Mloab, Cilicia and Cyprus. With reference
to the inscription on the stone itself, It may
be stated that it records sonic remarkable
aveuts in the reign of Mesha, King of Moab,
who is mentioned in the second book of
Kings (iii., 4, 5), and who had rebelled
against Israel after the death of Ahab. Th'le
irst part of the inscription narrates the cir
unmstanices which led to the Stone being
?rected, while the second part relates to
the public works undertaken by Mesha
ifter lie had overcome his Jewish foes, and
the third part celebrates his victory over
,he Edomiltes. The rendering of (!apt.
Renczynski represents the result of '"nine
rears' toil 'and labor."
cOa.
"Coca," the "beloved narcotic of the
Peruviani Indian." was first named butani
rially through the labors of Joseph de Jus
sieu. The history of the most noted botan
ist is a melancholy one, Hie left France in
1735, in the mremoirable expedition of M.
La Condamine, and after M. La Condamine
left South America, MI. J ussieu continuared
his botanical researches, making numerous
journeys oii foot, notably thocee to the chi
chiona regions. Thei~ result of fifteen yecre
labors were contained in certain cases of
dried plants, etc., and a native' servant, at
Buenos Ayrea. thinaking these cases contained
money, stole themi, anid this loss had such
an effect on poor J ussieu that he returned
to Franec in 1771 dleprived of reasoin.
TVhc Coca is the great source of comfort
and enjoyment, to the Peruvian Indian. It
Is to himi what, the kava-kava is to the
South Sea Islander, the betel to the Iliindoo
and Malary, aind tobacco to the rest of man
kiind,but with this (difference it producs in
vigorating etfects. T1he Peruvian Indian
looks upon01 Coca with veneration. Ini the
palmy days of the Uncas or Yucas, coca
wvas sacritleed to the sun, the high priest, or
11mullac Uni chewed it duringr the ceremro
ny,and before the arrival of tire Spaniar-ds,
coca was used in lieu of money. After
the Spanish conquest, much was (lone t~o
prescribe its use, because as a council of
bishops heiin 1569, saidl it was a ''useless
and1( perniis leaf, andl on account, of the
belief stated to 1)e entertained by the In
dilans, that the habit of chewing cocoa gave
them strength, wvhichr is -an Illusion of the
devil." Coca, Indeed. fromr its p~opularity,
beIng used by aibout eight millions of peo
plo0, lhas always had a great commuercial im
p~ortance, and one viCeroy, D~on F'rancisco)
Toledo, issued ino less than sevenity ordli
nances concerning coca in the space off four
years (1570-1574).
The coca plant is a scrub of four to six
feet hIgh, with straight atund alternate
branches andl leaves like those of the teai
plant, and is cultivated at elevations of
from 5,000 to,06,000 feet above the level of
the sea in thne warmi valleys of the endlterni
slopes of the Andes. Here the only a!
ternations of climrate Is from wet to (dry,
frost is unknown, and it rains mtore or less
every month of the year. The seeds are
soni oin the surface of the soli as socn as
the rainy season commences, aind tbegin te
sprout in a fortnight, being carefully
wateredl, andl protectedl fr-om the sun by ai
thiatchied root. The following year th(
seedlings are transplanted in a soil care.
fully broken tip and freed fr-onm wveedts. TIh<
ancient custom was to raise the plants ii
terraces on the hillsides, but now planta
tions on the level gruound are resorted to, al,
though Indians aver that plants raised uin,
the former conditions yield a much supe.
rior quality of leaf. At the end of eighiteet
imonthsg the first harvest Is ready, and thi
picking of the leaves, performed by womret
and children, Is very carefully proceedet
with, so as not to injure the young and stil
tender shoots. As soon as one crop o1
leaves is removed, if wnll watered, 'an',I thu
ground carefully weeded, another crop I8
ready i about forty days. A plait coil
tinues to yiekl for about forty years, and
Dr. Poeppig gives the proit or a coca plan
tatlon as about 45 per cent. Bach picker
carries a piece of cloth,in which the leaves,
plucked one by one, are placed. 'I'hese
leaves aie then taken to the drying yard,
formed of shite flags. Here the leaves are
spread out in thin layers,and carefully dried
in (lhe sun. Too much exposure to the sun
spoils the flavor of the leaf, and if heaped
too much together, the leaves ferment and
-beconie fetid. As soon as dried, the leaves
are packed in bags made of banana leaves,
with an oildle covering of clothor packed
tightly i large parcels of about 50 11,
each.
In the Sandia district of Caravaya; two
varieties of coca are recognized, the Ypara
and liatun Yunca, the latter having a lar
ger leaf than the former.
In Boliva, coca Is treated as a
government monopoly, and the right is
generally farmed out. In 1850, coca
brought into that country's exchequer a
sun of $200,000. The whole yield of coca
in South Amierica is estimated at thirty
millions of pounds. Coca soon deteriorates
in keepig, Indians treat it ats valueless if
kept longer than seven months.
Such is tile faith in coca, that it is be
lieved if a dying man can but taste a coca
leaf wheii placed on his tongue, his future
bliss is assured. No Indian is wit hout, his
rcuspa or coca bag made of llama cloth,
and three tines a day, sitting down, lie
takes leaf by leaf and rolls them up in his
mouth till lie forms a ball. Then applying
a sniall quantity of powder consisting of
carbonate of potash, made by burning the
stalks of the quinoa plant, mixed with
lime and water lie goes on his way rejoic
ing. The use of coca is widely spreid. rhe
shepherd on the'cold slopes of the Andes
has but this and a little annize as his sole
norishment, and the runo r messenger
looks to it as his solace anid siup~poi t. As to
the properties of coca, It seems very evi
dent that it allows of a greater aiouit of
fatigue, with a lesser aiounit of nourisi
ment, and prevents diffliculty of respiration
in ascending steep mouilftntam slopes. It
has an agreeable and aromatic taste,acecomi
panied by la slight irritation, which excites
the 1low of saliva. When nde into a ten,
in taste It is like that of green tea, and of.
fectually prevenis drowsiness. Applied ex
ternally as a poultice, it moderates rheu
matic pains, brought on by exposure to
colk and wet, and also'cures headache.
Mr. Markman chewed coca leaf very
frequently,and states that he found it to
procluce an agreeable soothing feeling, that
lie could eidure longer abstinence fron
ficod with less inconvenience, and that
when using it, lie could ascend precipitous
mountain sides with lb feeling of lightness
and elasticity, and without losing breath.
lie also considers it the least. injurous of
all other like substances, even when taken
in excess, and at the same time, the most
soothing and Invigorating.
Travelhw iu Olden Times.
A careful inspection of the vehicles of
former flines leads us ta the conclusion
that our forefathers were lined wiLh zine
and copper-fastened--for nothing short of
it could have withstood ti.i joltings and
jarrings, the bouinings and binupings on
tailed upon those who used any other
method of locomotion except that which
nature provides. The chariot in which
General and Mrs. Washington went to
Philadelphia upon his election to the Presi
idency was no doubt an instrument
of torture. To the discomforts of this
rambling old carriage may bu added, for
the General, the incessant wagging of Mrs.
Washington's tongue, for it is a well-known
fiet, that Martha was of a shrewish nature,
and made no bones of g;iving the General
her viewvs in a very forceble mnner. The
miethodt of traveling whlich they pumrsued
gave publicity to the fat ! that the General
had1( a cuirtabin lecture . very night foi a
a night, cap. in the course-of tlieir jour
necy they arrangedl toI .apendl the nights at
the houses of theo gentry scabttered along
between Moumnt Vernon anid Plnladelphiia
andl Mairtha wra often hecardl to nag her
hor<t andc maiiser uni! t a loud snore an
niounlced that the General was safe in the
land of (reams from all wvorldily annoy.
aiiccs.
Th'ie chariot wv 's t he acknowvledged mark
of aristocracy. A journey ini these (lays
entailedt a retinue, soraewnit lafter the fol
lowving order:
1. -Marster and Alissis in a carriage.
2. Marster's "luy" on horseback, with
aL led horse for Alarster 'to ride when lie
wished to stretch his legs.
3. A wagon containing two hair trunks
and M issis's maid.
Th le rate of prlogressioni was abouit four
mfi'es aii hour.
'The habit of (carryinig servanits eveni on
neighborly visits, obtained in Virginia and
Maryland u~ntil the iiboilition of slavery. A
form of entertaIning, called ''speiiding the
(liy,'' waus in fashion. This consistedl in
going to a friend's house early in tihe morn
ing, and1 staying unitil haite In the~ eveing,
coinsuiming the inteorval iln a succession of
meals. ilesides the visitors, the coachiimin
and( horses, there wils usually a "miid."
w~ho( sat on thle rack iochind th~e carriage,
swinginig her legs in ecstatic delight at the~
prosp~ect, of "goinig abroadl."
Chaises were the only two-seated vehicles
in use, andl were something like a modern
top) buggy, except that It had lbut two
wheels. Consequently, going uip hill, the
occupants were being spIlled out behiind,
iad going down lill they wore splilled oul1
befoie.
A KMatwr of Instory,
In the year 1785, the St-ate of Frankih
was formiid out of la portion (If .North (Caro
hina, eiibraicinig the present, territory of the
State of T1enniesse, and1( the Legislaituire 1
the aforesaid staite or Franklin paissedl the
fc. Ilowilmg fee and1( slary bill :llis 10xcel
lency the Governor, per anium, I ,00t0 deel
skins ; Ills H onor the Chief .1 ustice, 50(t
(leer skilns; the Secretary to Ills IExcellene.1
the G'.vernor, 600 raccooin skinms; thie
Treasurer of the State, 4160 raccoomn skills:
each coun~ty clerk, 100 beaver skinis; (lern
of the House of Commlons, 200 raccoom
skins; mfenmber of the Assemibly,'per diem
thlree raccoon skmns; justices' fee for sign
Iig a warrant, sne muskrat skin ; to th<
constable for serving a warranit, onie mini11
skin. .Enacted into lb law the 28th day o
October, 1789, ulnder thle great Lsial of th<
State. T1hlis seemns to be a 'imattet o
Ihistorical truth, just as tobacco was once
made to answer the purpose of currency Ii
Virginia.
The Ulinion or 4eeds,
in a very large niumber of cases the dif
fusion of seeds is effected by anihn1als. To
this class belong the fruits and berries. In
them an outer liesly portion becomes pulpy,
and generally sweet, inclosing the seeds.
It is remarkable that such fruits, in order,
doubtless to attract animals, are, like flow
ers, brightly colored-as, for instance, the
cherry, currant, apple, peach, plui, straw
berry, raspberry and iany others. This
color, moreover, is not present iti the un
ripe fruit, but is rapidly developed at
maturity. In such cases the actual seed is
generally protected by a dense, sometimes
almost stony, covering, so that it escapes
digestion, while its germination is perhaps
hastened by the icat of the animal's body.
It. may be said that the skin < f apple and
pear pip)s is comparatively soIt; bait then
they are Imbedded In a stringy core, which
is seldom eaten. These colored fruits form
a considerable part of the food of monkeys
In the tropical regions of the earth, and we
can I think, hardly doubt that these ani
mals are guided by the colors, just as we
are, in selecting the ripe fruit. This has a
curious bearing on an interesting question
as to the power of distinguishing color
possessed by our ancestors in bygone times.
Magnus aiit Ueiger, relying on the well
known fact that the ancient languages are
poor in words for color, and that in the
oldest books-as, for instance, in the Vedas,
the Rendavesta, the Old Testainent, and
the writings of Ilomer or lieaiod-though
of course, the heavens are referred to over
and over again, its blue color is never
dwelt on, have argued that the ancients
were very deficient in the power of distim
guiehing colors, and especially blue. In
our own cauntry Mr. ladstone i-ts lent
the weight of his great authority to the
same conclusion. For ny part I can not
accept this view. There are it seems to
mC,'vewy ,strong reasons against it, into
whieh I enn- not, of coim se, now enter;
anid thouigh I should rely mainly on other
considerati.ns, tile colors of frtlits arv not,
I think, without signilicance. If ionkley's
and apels could distinguish thei, surely
we may infer that even the most savage of
imien could do so too. Zeu1xis would never
have deceived the birds it lie hatd not, had a
fair perception of color. In these instances
of Colored fruits the fleshy edible part
more or less surrounds the true seeds; in
others the aet'il seeds themselves become
edib'e. In tie former the edible part
.serves as a temptation to animals; In the
latter it Is stored i) for the use of the
plants itself. When, therefore, the seeds
themselves are edibe. they arV generally
protected by more or less hard or bitter en
velopes, for instance the horse-chestnut,
beech, Spanish chestinut, walnut, &c. That
these seeds aro used for food by squirrels
and other animals is, howevet, by no mcans
necessarily an evil to the plant, for the re
suit is that they are often carried some
distance and I hen dropped, or stored up
and forgotten, so that in this way they get
carried away from the parent tree.
liunions or Holis,
"Is it against the laws of this city to
have corns on your feet?" Inquired Theo
dore Rembo as lie found himself before the
bar of justice, in Detroit.
"No, sir, nor on the top of your head it
you want 'em there. The city ordinances
of Detroit and the laws of Alichigan are
very liberal on the subject of corns.''
"Well, sir, last night I was walking
along one of our streets, hobbling because
my coris hurt me so, wlien a fiend grabbed
ie by the collar, called ine a drunkard,and
dragged me to a dungeon."
"flow awful mean in hiimii" sighed the
court.
"When I have corns can't I hobble if Its
MOre convenient thall walkinmg"
"Certainly."
"'Well, corais was what ailed me, and I
diemiandi that the oflilcer iipologize~ to mec and
thait I be set att lIberty."
"Le4t, us listeni to the ollcer's story first.
"Tis muan,'' began t he ollicer, "'bumped
against, at least a (dozen p~edestrians, tellI
iigalinst a winidow and broke it, and1( was
hymng dlown Oil the cari track when I gatlih
credl him in. lie smielled so bad of whiskey
wuhaen I brougiit him in that, we had to burni
cotl'ee in the iooim."
"'Well" queiiiriced the court as lie turnied
to the prisoner.
"'1 say it was cornis."
"''o maV nuny have you got?''
'"Show 'emi up. I haven't seeni a real
oldl-fashiionied corn in abiom eighteen years.
"DJo you think I'm goinig to pull1 my
hoots oil before the crowd'? I guess I've
got a little moi~deaty left,"
'"Thlen i'll take care of it for you.
shaill exile you bor thirmy days.''
'"For what?"
'"Cormis and miodesty, adlias dIrunk and
disordierly. 'Thiat.'s all, mny man, andlu no(w
pilease fall back. and give somie of the other
mumngry mnortamls a chiamice to say they have
hiuiiions or boils."
Do, Your' Woirk Well.
D~aniel Webster gives an account of
p~etiy insurance cause that was brougbt to hi
when a young lawvyer in l'ortsmiouthi. Only
a small amiouiit, was lnvolvedl and a twenty
dlollar fee was all Lhat was proamisedl. H14
saw that,, to d1( ils clients full justice, a
journey to Bo0ston, to consuilt t ho l,avi
Library, would be desirale. lie wouhl
lie out of pocket, by such an expedition,
and( for his tane lie would receIve no ade
quiate compnlLIsaitionl. After a little besita
ion, lie determiiined to (10 his very best,
cost what It, mighil. ile accordingly wenl
to B3oston, looked uap the authorities, anm
gined t.he case. Years after this, Webster
Itheii famous, wvas paissinig through Nov
York. An impiortant insuranco case wal
to bem tr'ied the (liy after his arrival, an(
on(21 of Lihe couiisei had beer~ suidcenly takci
ill. Money was no object, and1( Webste
was begged to'naame his terms and1( comhtic
the cause. "'I told thieim," saidi Mr. Web
Ister, "'thait it, was preposterouls to expec
mec to preumaro a legal argument lit, a fev
hours' notice. T1hey insisted, hiowever
that I abiouild -look at, the papers; and this
lifter some demur, I consented to dho. Well
It was miy old1 tweiity-dollar case ove
againi, anld, las I niever forget anything,
-had all thme authorities at miy fingers' endsh
The Court, kuiew that I had no tIme to pre
I ipare, and were astonished lat the range c
fmy requiremients. 8o, you see, I we
3 handomely p~aid both In fame and mqno;
f for that Journey to Boston; and( the muora
3 is that good Work is rewardled In the end
ti thugh, to be sure, one's seif-approve
should be enongah.
A Myftial Plant.
11umnan cunning and huiani credulil
have dowered with mystery certaiu plait
which are worthy of being considered ti
most beautiful and passive or creative o
Jeets. One plant, at least, has beeu sa
to utter shricks in being toru from ti
earth, and to have avenged the violence 1
causing the death of hili who removed i
'Tlls plant was the miandragora of ti
poets-the mandrake of Scriptures
species of the Salue or nightshade trib
the belief in whose qualities as a sedati,
or a charm was as old as tlie days of LI
childless Iachel. Indigenous 0 tile Eas
where probably Its uses as an anodyne ar
soporiflc were early known to the imtiate4
it may be that, in order to enhance li
wonder of its effects and prevent the e:
tirpation of the root by its too commt
use, miraculous powers were imputed I
it, and superstition hedged it around wit
fabled terrors. The evil reputation of tI
plant procied it isubsequently the name
A tropa Mandragor, by which our oh
est botanlsts distingullh it-a name bo
rowed from the most terrible of the Fate
Atropos, and since transforred to its rel
Live, Atropa Jicitedonna (dwale,
"dileadlly nightshade"). So pote'lt all
valiuable were the medical uses of the roo
at a time when few ai'odyes were knowi
that the ancient lomnans made it the sul
ject of a weird ritual, without w hich the
wouhi have deemed it impious to has
taken it from the earth. The operat<
stood with his back to the wind, dre
three circles round the root with a poih
of a sword, poured a libat ion on the groum
and, turniig to the west, began l.4 dig
up. The root of the mandrake, a plai
withi a tap root, frequeuthy forked, as m
see that of the radish, and covered wit
fibrous rootlets, was easily conveitible tin
a grotesque likeness of the human forn
In tie lime of lienry Vill and Ehlizabetl
little Images mnade of mandrake root
called abrunes were imnported in iari
-numbrj from Gerimay, and found a read
sale in Engiand, . The fable of tile woi
droms powers of them.,vxegetabie idols wi
easily accepted by our sup6AititioIs aIeC
tors, and the peddlers who travil aboM
from place to place with cases of thel
drove a brisk trade. Sir Francis Bact
had them in his mind's eve when we wrot
"Some plants there Are, but rare, that ha
at mossy or downy root, and likewise thi
have a number of thread-like beards, I
the miandrake, whereof *witches and il1
postors make an ugly image, giving it tLI
torm of a face at tod of the root, leavn
those st rings to make a broad beard to tI
toot. It is to the credit of the old herb
lists, Gerard and Turner, that they boi
essayed, without fear of consequences,,
dig up atd examine for thenaelves tL
dr(aded mandrake,and lost no time in pu
liahiig the fallacy of the weird stories to
of it.
i aer the Snow.
'Tihe remarkable case of Elizabeth Wool
cock, who was buried under the snow,
especially striking. In the winter of 171
she was returnmn on horseback trom Car
bridge (England) to her home i a neig)
boring village, and having dismounted f<
a few minutes the horse ran away fro
her. At 7 o'clock on a winter evening si
sat down under a thicket, cold, tired I
disheartened. Snow came on; she was t(
weak to rise, and the consequence w
that by the inorning the snow had hea
arouild her to a height of two feet abol
her head as she sat. She had strengl
enough to thrust a twig, with her handke
chief at time top of it, through time sno1
to serve us a signal and to aduit a lit
daylight. Torpor supervneo, and al
knew little inore of what, passed arout
her. Night succeeded day, and day aga
broke, but there she remained, niotionile
tad foodless. Not senseless, however, I<
she could hear churchi bells and villas
sounds-nay, even thle voice and1( conmve
sationi of soie of her neighbors. Foi
whole days she thus remained-one sing
inch~l of smiulf Ibeinig her only substitumte f
food ouring t his tinme, anmd Llhma even sl
found had lost its pungency. On the liIfi
(liy al thaw coimenced, and1( she sullern
e reatly, but it ill withount being abile to e
tiricte herself. It was not until the cigh
day that the handkerchief was espied by
villager, who with mantiy others, had loi
bueen seeking for her. Stooping idowni:
saidi:
"'Are y'ou thiere', Eliziabethi Woodcock
She had strength enough to reply13, fnii
ly :
"D~ear ,lohn Stittle, I kinow your vok
F'or (God's sake help mec out.."
She died about, half it year iafterwar
Ithrough mnismmanagemenut' of frost-bi tt
toes; but, It, wits fully atdmitted that no0 0r
unless cased m snow, could have lived c
of those eight. (lays and nights ini such
laie withioutt food.
C~,hning, Their linae.
Thela legend runs that, the flue Norm
Uhurchbof (Oodshaill, In the isle of Wigh
was to have beein built in the valley, 1t
time builders every motfning foumd time p1
Vious (lay's work, had been dlestroyed d
ring thme night and the stones carriedl to)
top) of the hill. Consiering tis as a I
vine indhication where the holy structuj
was to be built, they atccordingly reared
omi that prominent sate, whiereo
miles round it still forms a graceful a:
beauiutifuil object. A si millar legond is
lated with reference to the Chuarch of 8
Marie dut Castel, ini (Jucrney, where it
currently reported that fairies where
agents, while others assert it, was time work
angels. Indeed It, would atlppear that imn dii
gone by the ivislble beings, of whiatel
natu1 rc they were who, according Li) trmn
tioni, so) often intemferedl in the building
Isome~ sacred edilice, generally selected I
its s'te thme most iconvenienit 8spot,11and1
r infrequently a steep hill. TVhe (,hurch
t Ilreeden ini Leicestershmire, for miaitan
- staiids on a high hill, with thme village
t its foot. T1ratdito', however, says i
i' when thme sIte of ine church was first fla
, upon1, a cenitraml spot ini the village v
,ehosenm. Tlhae foundations were, not om
dug, but the~ builers coiumnened~ the
r brie. IL was to lio purplose; for iall t1l
I butilt, In the couarso of the dily was carr
-awiay by (loves duiringr Lne night-tIme, a
- skiluilihy bul't exactly in the samie imami
Soin the hill where the chiarch stands. Ii
5 foun-der and workmon, awed and torrif
Vby this extraordinary procedure, w
afraid te bumild the church on its origi
site, and agreed to finish tihe one begun
The Flower Tracet.
A prominent florist estimates that three
Y hundred wagon loads of flowering plant&
ts are brought to New York during the period
Iof the- Spring trade, and that as much as
$2, 000,000 Is spent every spring in New
U York and Brooklyn for plants and flowers.
Le Tie flowers cOme from all around New
'Y York. In New Jersey. Staten Island,
- Long Island, and tie adjoining counties of
W this State are vast flower and plant farms,
a each of which represents a fortune to Its
?, owner. Over in Astoria one floriculturist
'C has over two acres of ground under glass,
C and there are several others like him and
tI many less extensive, but still very large
growers. These raisers have each their
special varieties and graftings and plants,
( and in addition to thier Now York trade,
ship all over the country. lian Francisco,
n Montreal, and Savannah are profitable
0o markets to them, and in every town and
1h city of the United States they have cus
e0 tomers. In addition to these extensive
f culturists, who raise the rarest and costliest
exotic plants. as well as the commonplace
market flowers, there are many smaller
h ones, who raise flowers for the spring trade
- and winter supply of the bouquet-makers
>r almost exclusively. In addition to the big
d flower and plant farms at Flatbush, Astoria,
, Union Hill and Orange, there are niauy
iminor ones scattered all over the suburbs,
'uand even in the city itself, One popular
Y oie is in Fourteenth sLreet near Third ave
tnue, and another occupies the corner of
fHouston and Iludson streets. Within a
radius of thirty miles from the Uity Hall,
t there is at least $10,000,000 invested in
i the bush oes. To enumerate the varieties
It of plants anud flowers sold in the spring
i tratte this year vould require a census of
0 the globe in that line. The gardeners are
It constantly adding foreign varieties to their
0 stocks, iid the garaens of India, China,
- and the Sandwich Islands contribute to the
I. store New Yorkers select from. The
heaviest sales are, of course, in the cheaper
N varieties of plants. The familhar roses,
Y geraiulims. fuschias, heliotropes, pansies,
I- daisies, hytdrangeas, laburnums, verbenas,
Ls petinias, violete, carnations and niguon
e' ettes are sold by the hundreds of thousands.
it Ivies, passion flowers, and other vines have
1 an imineus sale too. Ferns, native and
9. tropical; strange grasses from the sun
ainitten natural gardens of South America,
eC an1d.orchids fromt thle mysterious forests of
It the K@!tator swell the list. The catalogues
Ls the flow% or men publish would put those of
- m-mtly a liihnr'ry to shame, for size at least.
e' A dealer said tllit the largest profit is made
ng oil cheap plants, thG juniber of them sold
iC is so great. The heavidr gains are made
1- by the owners of city greeidouses, w'
1 raise fine plants, and are able to'9tll t
0 without the intervention of middle ,
e The trade in flower and vegetable eea
at this season almost rivals that I plants
d d flowers. The flower seeds ar argely
imported from France and 9 many, a
few coming from England a Holland.
The vegetable seeds, on the -ontrary, are
grown in the New Englan States, New
York, Canada, aid other a etions of the
continent, and are exported so as to almost
9 balance the imports of flower seeds. Ameri
van vegetable seeds are much better than
those grown In Europe and produce better
results. They ire popular abroad incon
t i'equence.
A Royal esting.
The marriage of Crown Prince Rudolph
0 of Austria and Princess Stephanujof -eq.
d gIm was most imposingly sole '*
the church of St. Augustine, in VIldon
hilMay the 10tIh. All hour before tij begi1.
r- ning of the ceremony the church was
densely crowded by a brilliant assembly.
TIle streets were filled with people. At II
o'clock the procession started froin the
d palice and proceeded to the church, the
arclidukes and foreign .rinces. n full un
form walkng In followedby i-nce
,.Hundolphm in the tilrm of a major-general.
e Emperor F'rancl Joseph came next having
r on his right, time Kig of the Belgians, both
hr eing in~ genlerais' unhtorms. Then came
e thle bride with the Empliress or Austria and
the Queen of the Belgians on either hand.
SThe~ trainis o'f the three ladies were borne
iiby the p~rinecipal hadies in waiting. Prin
(cess Stephamie wore a miagmficent robe of
cloth of sliver, wvithi a train elaborate in
emibroide ry, orange blossoms arranged In
a1 bunches looping uip the dress, andl a veil of
B~rus.sels lace specially made for the occai
e sion. imother, the queen, woeablue
velvet diress, trinulnedl with lace, and the
em cipressq wore a pale gray dress, trimmed
with Brussels point lace. The trains 01f
the foreign princesses and archduchesses
were borne by pages and ladlies of the pat.
'iace. Another group of oficers completed
the procession. A fanfare of trumpets sig
'inaled the arrival of the cortege at the
schurch door, where it was received by Car
u' dinal Von Schwarzenburg at the head of
a his clergy. Tlhilr majesties took seats
nuider a canopy over the throne. The
bridal pair proceedled to their places before
.the sanctuairy rails, where they offered a
short, prayver. After a brief address from
the cariinl the marriage ceremony was
rin proceedled with. At tie moment wheni the
It, rings were exch~imged, peals broke forth
ut froni the bells ol' the city, and salvos of
e- artillery wvere fIred. At the conclusion of
ui- the ceremony a To D'eum was sng, after
Lie which the llburg uhoir executed an old
)i- Germaiin maichi. The newly married pair
10 accompanIed by the other imperial and
it royal personages then returnied to the city
or palace of Ilof burg. In commemoration of
id the marriage Emperor Francis Joseph has
-e- founded 22 scholarships at various schools
~e. and has given 100,000 florins for the free
is admissioni of toil pupils to the establishment '
lie for the education of dasughters of officers.
of lie has also granted complete or partial
ys amnesty to 331 persons imnprisonedi for va
er rious oltences.
Me-51xi~o'. tr.u .,i10ataini,
of One 01 the great ineiral wonders of
or Mexico, and perliaps of the world, is the
of, ironi mouilntain), in the imimediate vio~nity
(iof Dumrango, in the state of D~urango. The
Iron mounitain is nearly two mileos in length
asind one mile wide, and abouat 700 feet
a~ high. Above the surface, uncovered and
in sight, it, shows about 200,000,000 tons
ily of pure ore, readty to be shoveled or rolled,
.without any cost of mining, into tihe fur
a- nces erectedl at its base. Much of this
eyore ranges from 70 to 90 per cent., and
elsoir e is carrIed directly to the forge. It
ad works very kindly, and easily assumas the
ter form of steel. There is every reason to
edbelieve ores of such rare superiority, when
e subject to all our fnodern improvements hn
La ironx making, ,*U, roduce iron ?bdue steel
byl unsurpassed at' n the world, eithoe
byin Swe~en, or !~siiiSpain, or England,
or the United States.