Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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EKLY EDITION WINNSBORO, S. C., APRIL 16, 1881. ESTABLISHED 18 ' ITI THE SPRI.NG. arp'the spires upon Ith hill I y rise aginst the adnsot sky . masts of ships, that saihnz int A sea 6f lamo, now anchored lie. But lo! a pilgrim in the path, That dimly traced along tho ground, Through orchard, mea-iow, pastures bare, Winds upward to the hilltop town. Ah. what Is if- save just a path, A hasty walk for only one, And childhood. manhood, ago, are holds Between us and the metting sun. That toiling traveler gains the hill, He weary walks the village through; Aud now he seems amid the clouds, As if to heaven an angel flow I 0 bless the life that holy hero Beyond the ridge of death has piassed, A shaded footpath now, but morgod In overlasting libht at last. A Fall For Life. The merchant ship' Druid, from Bom. bay for London, lay becalmed off the west coast of Hiudostan, between Goa and Man galore, where the Ghauts Mountains were seen, towering in savage grandeur thou sands of feet in air, with wild torrents leaping down the rocks, flashing through the dark green shrubbery, and ruslhi g with the din of thunder. 'if the wind does wn rise before to - morrow morning we will have to anchor,' said the captain to Robert Winflold, a handsome young naval lieutenant on leave of absence from the frigate stationed at Bombay. 'I don't want to lay the ship's bones on the coast, nor (o I like to get too near it. I hayo heard bad stories of the natives there; at any rate, I believe that almost every Hindoo is a thief and mur derer by nature.' Boll Upton, daughter of Major Upton, who was on his way home from his India regiment, on sick leave, heard the words, and, shuddering, drow closer to her inva lid father. A quick glance was exchansred between her and the young naval lieutenant, whose reassurlug look seeied at once to dispe: her fears. Major Upton, noticing the giance, frown ing, said to his daughter, 'Uoie, Bell, let us go below,' Winfield had been a suitor of Bell's since she came to visit her father at Bombay, some nonths before. 'The girl favored hii, but not so the major, who wanted her to choose a wealthy lover. Bell was beautiful, with a forn of tin rivaled grace, brown eyes, a clear, pearl white skin, with little color, and dark goldt n hair that fell in rippling masses over a pair of imagniticent shoulders. The lieu tenant watched her admiringly until she disappeared in the cabin. 'No harm shall befall her, not while I live,' lie hought, as lie now glanced un easily towards the coast. 'We have arms aboard, have we not? ' he added aloud to the captain. 'Ay, ay, air; but it is not likely we shall be attacked. We are full two leagues front the coast, and before we are near enough to be boarded a breeze will spring up, I have no doubt.' A few hours later night closed around the snip. Tle sky was covered by thick clouds which obscured thie moon anid seemedl to betoken that a breeze would spring up before long. Meanwhile (lie ship having drifted a league nearer the coast, the lieutenant thought the captain very careless not to have more than his one lookout posted for ward on so dark a night. Before eleven o'clock the quarter-deck wams deserted by all save the ofileer of the watch, a lazy fellow who was now stretched on the carpenter's chest, half asleep, while the watch foriward, as Winfleld (whostood leaning over the rail amhidship~s) couid per celve by (lie light of a lantern in the fore rliggmg, lay reclining on the hatch, some of them snoring. Not feeling sleepy, the lieutenant re solved to go aloft on the mizzen topsail yard and watch for (lie first sign of a breeze. Aralveed on the yard, the gloom was so in tense that lie could not see the waters be low, although lie still gazed In that direc tion. Was It realityv or lnagination? i e thought he could detect (lhe dun outline of somiethiing shooting around the ship's stern. H~e was about dlescending, when, the moon parting (he clouds, a iloodt of silvery light was poured downi en (lie ship and water, revealing a sight that filled the young man with horror-a scene so sudden 2 ~ and unexpected that lis heart seemed to stand stli. While lie was aloft Hell Upton b'ad conie out on (lie quarter deck, andi now stoodi I., with lien back to (lhe nail, about two feet from it, her head bowed as If In deep ) ~ thought, so that her beautiful white face uhene like p)ollihd ivory in (lie brIght 7 ~ moonlight. Then nseen, unheard by thie young girl, a ii iidoo, with a long lithe body naked to (lie wauat, hadl clambered uip the sule from a large canioo containing a half-dozen of his complauloins, anid had conitrivedi to glide, serp)ont-hike, on (lie out sIde of (lie ship1 until lie had galnedl a po sition directly behInd her, il a. he drew a large dirk, which lie was now on tile poith of phingiig late (lie snowy ineok of the fair p~assenger, that she might not give ai alarnm The liouteinani.'s hand chenchied the yard lIke a vise, as lie beheld (lie young lady's peril. Lie must save lher-lho would save her, he thought.; yet, how was it to be donei 'A e give an alarm would onuly has ten the girl's doom; to descend, no matter - how qulakl, by .--oans f-n of (li bm. stays, would be of no use, as she must per ish before he could reach the deck and at tempt to stay the deadly hand. There was no tmo to lose. In three seconds the dirk would descend, and the girl would be killed at one stroke, so that he murderer's companions, who had al ready begun to ascend the vessel's side, could pounce on the drowsy male occupants of the deck, and, slaying them, make themselves masters of the ship almost be fore a warning could be given. Like a lightni'g flash, the instinct of love, the resolution to save Bll in some way from his immediate attack, sent a sudden thought through the brain of the agonized spectator. 'rite flidoo murderer, in his positioron the outside of the ship, was under the yard, although about forty feet below him, while the girl, standing two feet from the rail, was within easy reach of the native, whose arm and body, as already stated, were drawn back from the bu lwarks to give force to the meditated blow. The young man, therefore, deemed it would be an easy mat ter to reach the Hmndoo in the only way it could now be done wi h suictent rapidity to prevent the accomplisliicnt of his deadly purpose-a way at once novel and desipe rate, and which would, perhaps, involve his own destruction. In a word, not hesitating to risk life or limb for the woman he loved, Lieutenant Winfleld resolved to drop down from near the end of the mizzun topsail yard upon the Ii(doo, forty feet below, and thus dash him from the rail into the sea, perhaps killing himself, ere he could deal the fatal blow with the uplifted dirk. lie would utter a shrill cry-a warning to the crew as he cleaved the air, thus rousing them, perkaps, in thi to meet the attack of the robbers, and ensure the further safety of Bell and the ship. The emergency a'nittecl. of no delay. The young main, clutching the yard-arim near the end, hung by it a second to make sure he was in a line with the Hindoo be neath, then, just as the dirk was about to descend, lie let go of ihe spar with a long, wild cry that pierced every corner of the ship, and down lie went, cleaving through the air with terrible velocity. There was a whnling, rushing soun-1, then a loud thud as the heavy boot-heels of the falling body crushed uion the he id of the native ere lie could use his knite, dashing him from the rail into the sea, and killing ibn in slantly. The watch heard the warning cry of the lieutenant., and before the other natives could recover from their surprise at the oc currence which had so suddenly and unex pectealy broken upan them, the decks were alive with the whole crow, and the entire gang of robbers beat a hasty retreat. Meanwhile Bel Upton bad been so be wildered by that sudden, fearful cry she had heard, and the subsequent splash of the bodies in the water, then not until the boat was lowered and the lieutenant, who had been struggling in the sea, was brought aboard and into the cabin, to explain in a faint voice how he had saved her life, did she clearly comprehend all that had hap pened. Theni she threw herself down by the prostrato form of her lover, and hung over him In agony, fearing that lie was fatally injured. klOn, however, the doc tor gave cheering Information to the con.. trary. The young man had sustained a fearful shock fronm his contact with the Hintdoo's body, but as that body had offered little re sistance to his downward progress whent lie struck it, being simply driven before hin into the sea, lia lower limbs, aithiough partially paralyzed for the time, were not broken. Hie had, however, fallen danger ouslyncar to the rail. A roll of the ship to the other side, cre he cou'~d let go of the topsail yard to descend, would have causedl him to fall on the bulwarks, when, of course, lie would have been killed. 'JNever before,' said the doctor, 'did( I hear of such a daring performance.' 'Ay l' exclaimed Majom Upton, 'Ueod blogs hint I iere, Bell, lie .shall have you girl) for he has carned you.' ie p~ut both hainds of his daughter in the lieutenant's, and turned lis head away to hide a few teard upon lia bronzed cheek. Immitediately after the young muan had been broughlt aboard, au oif.-shore breeze sprang up, enabling the captain to head seaward. In due timte tihe vessel reached her home port, when the lieutenianit, who by this time had fully recovereu from the effects of his fall, churned his beanutiful and willing bride. Ontting Ilard Steel with Soit Iron. About fort~y years ago, havhrg hieardl that hard steel could be cut readily with a cir. cular disk of sheet Iron when dIrivent at a high miotionm, I made a disk abmout ten in ches in dhigimeter out of a pie::e of heavy stove-pipe iron, having a round eye at the centor attout one andl a hlif inches ini (lame ter. I then puit a stick (of hard wVood in tie0 turning lathe, tuirnied It off true, mak ig a wooden imand~rel ior holding I his iront dis5k, just as a circular saw is hieldl on a mtetahie mandrel. 'The perip~hiey of the disk, after it was secured to theo wooideni miandreh in the lathe, wsas ground and1( Iled until k wculd run as trite as a miilstone, Si (hiak was secured to the collar or shoul decr of the woden mandrel by putting tour scrows through the dis8k into the wood. While the dhsk was revolving at a high mo' tion the soft sheet Ihon would cut oil a ten inch cold steel fie la a few secondis. Af ter we wvere saistlled1 that sot Iron wouild cult cold ad .hard steel (no matter how hard). the dis8k wvas put on one of the Jour eals of a circular saw which was driven at a very hIgh mtittion; and that dlisk was emtployed for many years after ward to gum saws of all sizes. , A Sens.Iblo Wife. "low extravagant, Eugeneo" said little Nettle Holis, one Saturday night, to her husband, as he stalked into the living. room, loaded down by the weight of his purchases. "Wait and see first, love," lie answered, lightly. "After you know what I have bought, you will not have that Opinion Look at is," holding up to her view an elogant pattern of a new silk dress. "What do you think of that, my beauty ?" Now most womein would have shown their approbation and pleasure in the warm est manner; but not so Mrs. Ilollis. "Why, my old one that I was married in, is good yet. Why did you buy this when times are so hard ? And only yes ter day I heard you say that the 0hop woul d have to suspend operations for a few months soon." "I know dear; but you have worn that dress ever since we were married, nearly a year. It is time, I think, that you had a nev/ one." "But the tinmes P" "Oh, bother the times I We have the lease of this little house for a year and I guess we can live through it somehow ; besides our credit is good to an unlimited extent." ''Well, love, it is a nice present, " said Mrs. Hollis, holding the shinimering fabric to the light. But no supremely satisfied look passed acrosS her face, and shortly afterwards the dress was put away with a sigh. Eugene Hollis, like thousands of other young men working on a salary, had mar ried the woman of his choice, and settled Lowni into a btaid, sober, home-loving man. Ile was open-hearted by nature, and de lighted to see his little wife look well, though he had to run in debt for it. iNow, though he knew it not, this said wife was a perfeet WOtin heroine, and well worth her weight in gold. The time came iortly afterwards, tbat both had feared ; tle shop liad closed for a few weeks, which lime run into months and still no algns of work. People that Eugene had traded with sold outin disgust, while strangers filled their places. Vith them credit, was an ipossiiility, and Eugene Hollis soon had Lhe mortification of being reduced to his ast penny. It was high time that samething should e done, or the litLie woman he had ouwed to shield from all harm would suf :er. To this end lie went through the city, md into every im'iginabie place where here was a likelihood of carming an hon -st living. But hundreds were there before him, and >ne evening about (usk found hinm wend ng his way, foot-sore and weary, towards iomc. Ue brought no money not provis ons with him, for the last p'enny lie had ivas paid out a week before. But what a contrast he foiil In tho Aupjq, ConIeiiiiii race of hit wrifu L Is >wn despairing condition. "Como, h~ve, supper is ready; sit down it once, before it gets cold," she said, cindly,4noticing from the woe-begone look ,hat he had not succeeded. "Supper I Whatcan we make supper of, xcept the imagination that one ought to )e?" was the inorose remark. "Oh, there is the banm that you purchased he other day, and then the potatoes are iot out yet," she smilingly said "Be ;ides, there are enough left for several icals." Eugene thought a good deal, out said iothing ; he was quite positive that the ast potato had gone a week before. But us wife kept right on talking as merrily is if they had a house full of plenty in utead.of want. So lie mentally decided hat she hrtid received a loan from sonie relative, which fact she wlsiied to keep to uerself. So matters wecnt on day aftcr (lay, but still no wvork or signs of work. TVhere were others in the same condhition as Eu gene, so lie had the comfort of knowing lie was not alone ini his woe. He always went away at the usual work ing hour, and spent the time hunting in the checerless round after work ; but when lie caime back again al. night, his wife always met hha~, thme me as ever. It had1( become an establishedl fact, in his mind that outside help of some kind was providled for them in sufficient amount to k(ep them fromn starving. Th'le biacon never ran quite short or the potatoes either, for that. matter, and they were rehioved inow and then by a steak or chop. ie wans too proudl to take any notice of this strange fact outwardly, and his lie wife never mecant that he should, always changing the subject if it camie up in their conversations, leading him to believe that somne well to-dio tincle whom he had inever hieardl of, was at the bottom of it. But this state of affairs wits not to last always. WVhen a mman is honiest and sober, and~ is willing to do anything, lie is capable of doimgr, a streak of sunshine m the shade of success is sure to crown his efforts at last. Eugene Hiollis, at lisa tradle as an en graver, was a sailled workman in evemy branch, and in fair times conmnaanded am good salary. lie now felt himself in luck when the position to drive a coal cart at, three shill ings per- day was offeredl him. 'Good news I Good news !" lhe shoulted, rushing into his home, and searchung for his wile. Where wvas she? IThue rooms were deo serted. uit no, the attie dloor wans open. TIhirough it lie wnent, and up the short ilighat of stairs. Th'Jere sat Nettie, patiently and rapildhy propelling ai sewing machine tind~er 1he light from the narrow panics let mnto Ihieslop~ig roof. "Whny, Nettle, where did yotu get that?" Lie asked, comipletely taken nack at thne iiscovery-. 'I buught it, love," wnas the hesitating response. '-I did not know we had nmonny enough .o b~uy a sewing machine, dear." "Do you rememiber that, silk (dress you ought mo a long time ago--Just before hle shop closed1 i" "Whby certainly." ."Well, one day Mrs. Morse called up to ice nie, ad fell in love with it. When mine found I woutld sell it at a imch lower nigure thanu the pattern could he. purchased for at the linen-draper's she olfered to take t. 8o you see I l.ad enough money to muj this machine, with wvhichi I have found more or less work to do ever since." "Nettue, my noble little wife I 8o you .AOrilled your @Lw'a new dross for m. t bm giver I I am not worthy of you, my price less jewel I I an not worthy of you I" Then the strong man's feelings gave way, and his voice failed him. "This shall never hpil)pen again, Net tie," he said at last, joyfuly. "I have ob tained work now that will. last until the shop opens. The you shall be my banker ; for I am satis led you wilt take cars ot my wages much better than I can." That night now projects for the future were formed-a future, smoother than the past had been. Deer anel Dadiie wtedr. In the winter of 18 -44 deer were quite plenty in Plymouth woods. Daniet Web ster was then at Marshfield. Word was sent to him that the Kingston gang was going on a deer hunt the day before Thanks giving, with an invitation for him to jein us, and all were to meet at the old flaxing place at Smelt Pond at sunrise, sliarp. By 8 o'clock his Honor appeared with a gen tieman friend ; and Samuel and Waldo F., Uncle Thomas B. and my father and my self. We all had old-fashioned king's arms, percussioned, except Mr. Webster and his friend, who had double guns. It, was a flie frosty morning, and our par'y lively. We trad two good bounds. Sam uel and Waldo were to take the hounds and drive Watson's valley. Uncle Ton was to (iive over and take Nick's Rock stand. The rest of us were to hurry over to the Carver road and to siting out at the guide-board crossing. We had scarcely reached our places before we heard the welconie voices of the hotids in full cry, and soon the thundering echoes of two king's 'ms at the head of Watson's valley, and then echoing down the valley came "W hoop-ohi-whoop.oh ! Look out, look out!" The hounds were coining directly towardis us. I soon detected romething coming down the blind road at my right, an'l wiein within fortygards it stopped be hind a b.ish. I shot ~at the fellow I saw, when almost ainmmedjitely two deer caie out of the bushes at my left and crossed the road withina-few yards of me. My father, who siudid on my right, and Mr. Webster and friend, who stood at my left, all fired, and one deer fell. I ran into the woods where I had shot, and, not finding anything, returned, to find that Mr. Web ster and friend had jumped into their wagon and run their horses to West Pond road to intercept the other de r at the crossing, as the dogs had gone in the track of the other. Father'advised ue to hurry on and lie would stay there with the dead (leer, and wait for Sam and Waldo to come up. Uncle Ton had come up and kept on in his carriage toward West l'ond, and while lie was driving the deer came within guin shot., and lie shot at it from his wagon. I, hearing the dogs, hurried bick. rho deer jumped into the road some ninety yards off and we all fired. The deer fell, but gained his feet and bounded away, fallincof a it-except father, who reloaded, and, run ning the old mare, overtook and shot the deer. We now had a joyful lunch, wash ing it down with something good from Mr. Webster's lunch basket. Tlen wo con cluded to start for home, as it was about 2 o'clock. We decided that Mr. Welstcr and his friend had shot the buck, and ny father had shot the doe. Mr. Webster gave us $1 each, and he and his friend took the buck, which wats a nice ono, and father gave the other two nu fifty cents each and Look the doe, astlirecof us were at my father's. 1, feeling a little dissatisfied at my first shot, took one of the hounds and went III) the blind road wheie I first shot. The hound, snufling around, soon found a large red fox, dead within ten feet. of where I shot at him. We now took our belis from our wagon boxes and returne I home jingling, as was the custom, if suc cessful. Thut AaZan. D~r. Fletcher recently delIvered an inter eating lecture on the Amazon rIver an d Its valley. He said, perhaps, all things con sidered, the valley of the Amazon, with l'&s virgin forests, its mighty rivers, and~ its happy cli me 'where eternal summer d wells,' Is the most interesting potion of our globe betwixt 'Cancer' and 'Capricorn.' Dr. Fletcher took his audience up thle ina jestic stream which the Tamoyo Indians called the 'king of waters,' and to wvhich the civilized world gives the mIsnomer of the 'Amazon,' or, as In the Portng-uese and Spanish languages, 'ruhe river of the Ama zons.' Dr. Fletcher gave a rapid sket ch of the dliscovery of the river in 1542, by3 Orel lana, an oflicer under Gonzalo Pizarro, who dlescendced the river from Peril to the Atlantic, and~ encounit rmng the lIndiansa dlressd In full war cost'ame thought they were women-wart lors, hence the imisno.mer. The faibled story of the city of tile El Do.. raclo. or gilded kinat, was narrated along with other inlcidlents of history. D)r. Fletccher gave much mnformat ion conecerninlg the phy13sical features of the great valley, how the trade windls give a con -taut supply of water which fills the vast system of rivers. TVhere are miorei thi- 20,000 mdes~t of steamb~oat, naviga' ion blhow and above all falls. Tlhe building of a raihtoadh around the rapids of the river Madieira gives steam navigatin into the hecart of liolivia. Thell gentle dec'divihy of the main stream is re mnarkable, only an inch to thle mile, wvl lch, thme lecturer remaurked, 'akl -s it the finest steamboat river in time world.' The size of thme valley Is as'onishing. It covers t wo-thirds e f Brazil, tiree-fourtla of IBolvia, two third4 of Peru, three. fourths of Ecquadhor, and one-third of the States of Colombia. Its ai-ra is more than twice that of the val. iey of thme Mississippi, and Ia equial t a that of thle United Stint 3 minus the sta'is of Ca lfornuia anid Oregon, andl Washington TIXariltory. Alfred RI. Wal lacee, the Eniglishi tratveler, says thiat, mior-e people cani be0 supporled an the valley of the Amazon than mi anty othier equal stpace uipion our glohe. Trho ellimalte is not cx. tremeil. In thlree visits to thme Amazoan Dr. Fletcher never found lthe thermomneter in dicntinmg hmighier thn 87 dlegree I F~ahreniet. Everything that cuon be cultivatedt in thme tropics cn he produced there, while the spontaneous produictions of thlis reglin, in to shape of india m uir, rars 'parilla, ipe. cacuana, cop~atva, vanlilla, Brzazil Dials, cabinet andl d3eo woods, are Inoxhaustible. Only the nairrow spirit of thue Portuguese, which excluided all other tihan their own subjects until within the first quarter of this century, kept tIs region uninhabited. Ever. now that vast, valley has not a half million inhabitants, but It is waking up) under the broad pulley of the prosenut emnaror. CJurlositios of Ice. In 1850 Mr. Faraday dis'overed that two pieces of ice pladed in c6iftact froze to gether almost instantly. Mr. Tyndall says, "OQno hot summer day I entered a shop oil the Stand; In the window frainments of ice were lying In a basin. The tradesman gave me permission to take the pieces of Ice in my own handt holding the first piece I attached all the oither pieces In the basin to it. 'The thermometer was then sixty de grees, and yet all the pieces were irozen together. "In this way Air. Tyiah form ed a chain of ice. This experiment may be made even in hot water. Throw two pieces of ice in a pail full of almost boiling water, keep them in contact and '),hey will freeze together in despite of the high tem perature. Air. Faraday made an other ex perinent of the same sort. lie throw into it vessel full of water several small pieces of ice. 'l'hey floated on the surface of the water. The moment one piece touched another there was an instautaneous relreez ing Attraction soon brought, all the pieces in contact, so that in an instant an ice chin was formed. An ice wheel turning oil a surface of ice refreezes at the point of contact; during the rotation a seiles of cracks are heard which ishow the car that successive refree. zings aire constantly taking place. The plienomenon of refreezing is easily explain ed. At the surface of a piece of ice the atomis, which are no longer in equilibrium oil the outbide, tend to leave their'neigh bors, as happens in boiling or evaporation. Melting eusues. But if two pieces of ice are brought together the atois on the sur face are restored to their equilibritnu, the attractive a'ction becomes what it wais, the atonis resume their relations with their neighbors and juxtapositio ensues. In consequence of this property ice is endow ed witu singular plasticity. A rope and a knot or buckle made be iade of ice. It 11111Y lie imiol(0it. The 13dshool bo who fills his iiands with Snow and coimpresses it into I a ball produces the phenoienon of refreez. ing, and forms an ice ball sullicient ly hard to lie a dangerous projectile. Tins explains the extraordinary rigidity of the briuges of snow which are often seeni in the Alps Suspended over deep crevices. he Alpine guides, by cautiously walking on these snowy Imasses, freeze the parti- L cles together and transform the snow into ice. If now be compressed in molds, ice statuettes imay be obtiuned. F11 a hollow ball wich Fnow, pressed in as hard as possi- r ble, and you may obtain ice balls admiira- t bly tuanatucid. Nothing would be easier I than to dine with a si:rvice made of molded sniow-plates, glasses, decanters, all of snow. A gentleman in 'aris recently served sherry Wine to his friends before a not lire in beakers nide of snow. 0Snow compressed in this way does not inelt so rapidly as might be thought. Ice requires 8 a great (eal of heat beforo it melts. A layer of, wi n,,-- " - - VLMUMon ugaml i, I cold. If you would prevent anything from s1inil.ig to a temperature below thirty-two degrees dur.ig the very severest frobts,we know you have but to wrap it in wet rags. 'e'lic piocess of freezing gives to the eivi .roning bodies all the heat necessary to de stioy it. The water in the rags .slowly torils small pieces oi ice on the :ag, and in the iCmIlille disengages lieat, which warmls the obj.ct, wrapped in the rags. A tree wrapped in rags, or in moss satu rated with water, does not freeze even when the thernioieter is several degrees beow the Ireezing point. The slowness with which ice nets is well known. Dur ing the winter 1740 the Czar built at S. PLetersburg a mgultIcent Palace of ice, which Justud several years. Since tuen cannons have been loaded with balls and fired. 'Tne) wero fired ten times without bursting. It is consequently indisputable that ice 'nelts slowly, and may be turned to good account in the polur regions. In Siberia trlie windows have panes of ice. The r'emlarkab!e p~rop~erty with which par ticles of ice are endowed of mloldinlg theui selves into adferent shiapes by reireezing asiy explimns how glaciers .make their way through narrow gorges andl exp~and inl. vahieys. hle ice is broken into tragments winch refre~eze whenever they touch. hel term "'Bedlam" so often applliedl to luinatic asylums, is mlerely a corruption of hBethelchiem, a hospital o1 that naine hay ing been 50t aplart im. London three centu rnes ago for the treatmenit of such patients. I l. need hiardiy be inenitioned that insanity is a diseas~e due to high mental cultivation. In Scotland the jiprootiesi is one to btPJ, wIle in England, where there as less cut Lure, it is onie to 788. inl our own country it is one( to 75~0. 1t is never lotind, how ever, among barbarians. There ire but low Ilunatics inl Indlia, and in countries de. p~rivedl of political liberty, such as itialy I and Austria, the prop~oi Lien is very smatli. Amiong the umore noted instances may be is enmionied George I11., whlose minid wias disordlered (luring the last thirty years of his life. Dr. lBrown, former superimtend. ent of the Blooiningdale (Now York) Asy lum, became a victim of thle disease which hie was treating, and the consitant studty of iimamuty led to is ownl mental wreck. I lor aice GJreeley's case is too well known to re quire detail. Uerritt Simith, the famlous pinhanthiropist, was at one tune deraniigedi, andl was curing this attack an innmate ct thle U tica Asylum. James Otis, the re-o. lutionlary patriot, becaine deorangedl lii his latter days, andi whdle in tis conuition, was Iiiled by a stroke of llitmiig. American st~itesmen have b~een roemarmably exemplt 110111 this calaniity. A irw,it tut. ' -t A gentleman who took a trip) into the I coiiitry yester('ay, whein on the plains a mile herm aiiy house, noticed a cat, a Jingo f oiie, nlmnost as large as a fair-sized dog, It was lying uplonl the groulnd, its feet upper mod~ m i such a way that lie had no0 doubt I that it had fallen a victiml to seome viciotis dlog. Around it feeding imfsuspectingly, I Wais a 11(ock of young burds. Thiec app~arenItly lifeless Cat was within range of a the vision (of the observer for sonme time, I and1( just as 110 was thInking how munch easier it would lbe for the animal to feign d~ith and catch a bird by dleceiving It thanil by slipping tup to It, lie was astonished to 1; see the cat suddenly roll over and griab one of the feathered tribe tnat was versy necar. I he oth~er birds flo w away a htundred yardse or so anid alighted. TIheo cat only made oneo or twvo mioutht'uls of the ganme, and I thea crept around to the wind ward of timei birds, laud itself emit again, and once morer siectsfully played the dead dodge. The gentleman drove away wIthout seeing how I many blrds It took to satisfy the faliane. Treed by a Bear. Mr. Field and Mr. 8afenbery started 1 down to Mancos, Colorado, to locate somne r farms, and ha ving selected our choice we j went over to the hedge of the valley to ( looi, r house timber, where we encoun- e tered a herd of deer.. I had hot gone over a thousand yards when a great big bear t track caught my gaze, which mado my I hair stand straight on end. I cannot ex- t plain to you how I looked, but can assure you had that bear Peen me just then I I should nev-r have got a look at him, to say nothing about a shot. llowever, I wanted 0 to see and shoot a grizzly, and forgetting c all about the deer and my friend, I fol- a lowed the Irack and tid not go ov r half t a mile when I spied 1ruin resting und-r a I tree. I was within live hundred yards of c him. I fired, but imsed him. le got up j and rta off. This made me a little more t courageous and induced i to follow on. h I had traveled about two miles tid s just entering a large patch of small cedars when I saw him walking leisurely about e a hundred yadi ahead of me. This was g lmy time. I was just in the act of firing d when lie heard me. stopi-d and looked c luotiild t, mle, as thougii to better receive c the contents of my rifle, which told with ' 4ood OTect as yu wiil see. As soon as I a had fired lie turned and made for me. I u tra d to get anether cartridge into the ritle, o but could not do it quick enouigh, so real- ti lizing my danger I made for i I ree which il tried to chib with rifle in hand, but being A inable to do this I was obliged to drop it. u I had got up the tree about eight feet, a vhen lie passed uidr it at the rato of o Lbout 20 miles an hour, and having lost c iight of mie returned and took the trail b alit I camiie in on. As Io passed the tree 01 he second tile I could se the blood ooz- 1, ng f'om1 his right side which IL t a crimii- b, lon mark on theli snow, and know from this ft hat he was fadiy wounid-d By this titne u( I was about thiriy feet up the tree and felt It iueh better. Wieni lie got out of sight i rt leseended I rom ily place of reftuge to follow 6, m again, but being just, a little bit scared dj did not like to veiture alone, so I I- LI urned to the place where I left my friend, i vhon I found sittiig on ia large deer, tr vlich hIie a(d shot, waiting for ile. IaV m ig lost. all his cartridges I told him brielly >f what h-id transpired, and aring him elf w ith a Rmiall axe, we both took the rail. Wit did not travel far from the cene of conilict until we saw Air. Grjz.ly Of elosing uner a tree. As soon its lie saw hi is lie made a bold charge at us which coin- Ct ielled both of us to climb a tre in quick it, >rder, thotugh this time I succeeded in tak- w ng Imiy rifle. He did ilot comie all the way aid was on the point of turning when ia et Vel-aiied bullet fromi my rile eitered his Wied and10 killed him. We hauled himiii homW 'i vitl a horse, where the boys took off his C( kiii. I never saw tny kind of mosat so at-it wts jiust like pork. ito dressed IC Iit(I In mA ulilarileu JVoun(is. til largs Ca' Klieu 1iiere for 1:1y yvars. tI Priof. Leidy, in CUO.AIj vith Dr. Porter 'N >f'Easton, Penn., visited in Augu.st last laritan's cave, near Stroudsville, PeRi., hi in the invit-Ition of 1). T. l'aret of Mnat ill >lace, and examined a number of interest.- tu nig aiali an,1d other remains which were onid there. The cave is partly filled with bed of clay 10 fi et doop, on which rests u. thin layer of stalagmite, aid on this bout a foot of black, friable earth min ;led with animal and vegetable remains. lie cave appears to have been too small o be inhalited by the larger carnivor, hi id no large entiro bones of them were i ound, but about half a bushel of Iraginents id sphiutes of liimb bounes of smaller and b arge aunimals have boon collected, many of which exhibit, marks9 of hauving been ;Inawefd. Whether by rodents or small car- ki IivorPia Prof. Lildy (I)eS not assuleo to d1'. :idle. Somel of the sphni~ters are (ierivedI at ro~in such large aiid strong bones that it, is su inlestionauble whether even the liirgest car-- dt uivorat coubrl hatve prioduceed themi, and are in >reaumned to be reiinnauits of hiuian leasts, n which tile bones wtre (raished to obtaiin 01 ,he'inarrow. A hew of the boits are sonie ivhiat cshair. d, aiong tnem a sin Irag neuit of a bison's j.iw with aL molar tooth. hlost of the boines aire of1 species still hiving, mt, some of thoem, as tihe jaws of the reiin. leer, bi son lldu wood rat, aire of anmnoas 10 longr be~ilonginig to the faunia of the O 1:a11 i; andi~ a few, asi .hi teeith of the Caste. 0 oidhes Uinausii nuR itJ th a of ia young h )tiecary, are of exiinct ammiials. None of ne reminls h ave been identilled as pmosi- ft ivel y persataing to our d )miestic aniiah inless two of Limi teesh inay be tnose of' ia otatl oJr niew-bjorni horse. Taoi vegetabfle tI e~lmins inichlude a few smalitl Iragmienits of harcoal and seeds of dhogwood, pig-nuit, mil walnut. Iteinamts of human wont vere fotund-a hiirge shone, celL, of htard >rownl slate, Iromn Use bone earth sime dis-. anice within tile cave -line bonie awls, I oimi of them gnatwed; thu p.rong of ant ither, worked so ais to) be bairbedl onl one d~e ; a needle of bonao reenein bling a cro ilet needle, a fisfh hook of bone, and a onec shell, of a species found On) the west rn coast of CGenird A.nienca, bored through lie axis as a headi~. The Indian cusito.a ia to iitchier prison re taken in battle. S:ich, however, was il met the prattico of T'ecumseh, the great bi hief, who, its an ally of the rish, fought ci gainist (1 in 'lie war of 1812. lIe hat(d ' lie Amiericans, bult ho fought as a wiarr'or, ui Lot as a Thuimg.h In 1818, 0o1. Dundley, while attempting a~ o rehieve F~ort Meigs, where Gen. Harrison ai vas besIeged by Br'itish and1( indians, wast hefeated with great slaugfhter. As usutal i lie Iudians began killiig the American Irssoniers. Gen. Procter, the British comn nandier, looted c->olhy on and11811 mad 0 noef oit to restrain theni. th Buddenly a voice sounded( like a clap of Ir hutndler, and T1ecumnsuh, mnounfed on a ml oaing horse, dushied amiong the butchers. Li wo Indians were in the amt of killinig a pi rlsoner. 8pringing fromi his hiorso, To'- lii unmseh seiziad one lnianiti by the throat se nd the other by thle breast and throw them 0 o the ground. ri D~rawing tomahlawk and scalphug-kuife, bt ac dar d any indian to touchl another pris- ( nor. A chitef dIsobeyed, and TIecuimseh L rained him with Is tomstkawk. The na ndians su henly desisted am "What will become of my Indians ?" lie V relaiamcd, TIhen, turning to P'roeter, who d< toed near, he sternly demanidt d wvhy ho 0e adi~ not put a stop to the mlassacre. w "Yotur Inditans cauot be comimande~d," ui eplied the General, lit "Go away I You aro nmot fit to comi- LI nand. Put oni pottlooatgl" was the soorn- ta uil reply. a Down % 'annol. The most hair-i atiun4 upi5ode that ever appened to a New AlMuican mountain ailway train fell to the lot of Conductor lessinghatn recently, on the west slope of Ilotletta summit. The train comprised early thirty loads, and as It entered upon Il descent Jake Brown, the engineer, lirew on the water-brake, but found that 1 was broken and would not work. Tue rain gained momentum to such a frightful xtent that the switch cables and books ring on the pilot base in front were hurled o.n their places int> the alt, breaking one f the locomotive's guard rails. Brown lled for brakes, but the train men had Iready set every one and realized that the ain was beyond their control. 8eeng iat nothing could be done to stop the mad iurso this train was running, Brown unmped from the cab while going at the -ightful rate of six'y miles an hour end Lulvd seventy-two foot distant, actual ieajurement. Blessingliam, Wih> was on the caboose, 'itl Pawnee Charley and wife as passen era, fearing that the train was going to estructioni, cut his way car loose and tecked It with the brakes, wile the train )utinued its velocity down the long grade. ic Ilromian stood at nis post like a hero, id, while the engine was plunging down ec flight at a giddy speed, he crawled out tihe footboard and poked sand through t sand box, thinking that it might assist te wheels in getting a grip upon the rails. .i the train slied around Material curve, hio is "short and steep," the velocity as so great that the locanotive ran ou to rail and overbalancel so greatly that it nie within an aco uf losing its equih emni. The brakemen on deck were Aliged to lie flat and cling to ths running >ards for safety. For six miles thosu adly-frightened men stuck to the ship and ced the horrors of deca'h. Bel)w Coin .ilo is a nat ural basin, with three miles of vel tiack, and it wias on this stroten the Itinwiy trini was mastered and stopped. ).nio of the cars wero laden with Iroa for u front, but they were unloaded bofore o tritii stoppL by the in iterial being irled in it directions. Just hoy thi Lin hold to tle rails as well as I did is ystery. Colonel Salon, recontly stepped into the llee of the Oil City Denick. and seating miself in the editor's easy chair, he loan over the desk, upset the mucilage and k bottles, and sobbo.i as if his hoart culd break. 'What's the matter, colonel ? ' we ask ie only sobbed the louder, and moanou, 'a Ioo bad-too bad-too ibad. Oh, why 4id it not herv been avoidedI ' 'vho's dead?' we asked, In pitying nes, ., Wit sorry day-a sorry day for is country,' he continued. 'Plea-e be caln, colonel,' we urged 'and >not awaken tile devil in the next room. 'hat is it that so disturbs you?' '01, don't ask me--don't ask me. I id hoped that there might never be iother assassiiation at the national eapi 1 as long as I lived.' '1as tiro been an assassination?' 'Oh, poor liutherford---poor Riuth, as I led to call hill I ' 'Ilas he been assassinated ' 'Oi, ito; it's worse than that.' 'Wo:se than that? Hlow could that be I '1 had hoped Witt he iight leave Wash. gton with his hands unstained by hu ali bloo.l.' 'Wiii I las llayes murdered sonto. >dy V' u1las, 'tis only too true I 'Wh--who in heaven's naine has he lied i It wis't GJardld, was it ? ' 'No, it's a follow named Funding Bill, LI I think from the tala I hoard on the 'eot hie was in Coagress. I guess I'll go wn to the' telegraph o1h13o and try to got 'I han lie picked up) the c!gar we had laid thes desk and notb~lled out. Th'le other evening at 9 o'clock, a p-a. emani founid a family ol' live persons and to old trunks under a shied near tue foct Scond street, waiting to go up th a river a woo~i-birgei wich wouldu't leave until C nieXt foretnOoni. The man had oth tids p~ressedl to his face, the wo.nian ws ipong ner nyes on a handkerchiof and all e chiildreii were squalling. 'What senis to be the matter ?' inquired e oIll-:er, as lhe halted amiong thieim. 'Oh notning miuch,' answered the mian. ve got, the~ Jtniiln' toothache, but It allus ieks up on me about imidniighit.' 'W hat, ails your wife l' 'Oai, she's konder tired out and nervous, a as som1 as she gets a good rest for her CkL agin the wVooJ-puio sne'll go to sl4eap ud forget till about it. She's all right, c Is.' 'But the chilhdrcn are crying,' continued e ollcer, 'X ans, kinder crying,' replied the man, ntt that's nothing. Tihal. boy Adgustus isar lhe wvants a stick of gum, but he'll on cliaw hinself to sleep on a silver, co next one, ihiarles lienry, he's a liowl 'cause I woii't bny him a rockin'-horso, it soon's I get tune to spanik him he'll ir ldow i and go to dreammt' of angels. tat gal, alinerva, has got her mouth made > for fried cakes and milk, but l'ii give r a bit of pork and bread from the trunk dnt she'll never know the difference. We o konder sp~rawled out here and we sam~ be kinder aiflicted, bat we are a reg'lar rTe romantic legenus whioh enlivened e historical text-nooks of our boyhood squeintiy fare but ill at the hands of ihe udern inquiiry; bitt It Is not often that ey selter so signal and, we maiy add. so ainful an explosion as the legand of Wil un Te'll has recenily suiffered from the re arches of the Ihistorical Sociy of the Id Swiss Cantons. TIhe conclusionm ar red at oni this subject by the learned idy in question are thus stated by the ulogno GJasetto:-"Th'iero never wvas a inuvogt (.ossler nor a William TIeli. Teal aver ref used to lift his hat, never tired at apple on his son's hiead, alhhough the try crossbow with which the deed was ine is exhibited in Zurich; he never cross I the Lake of Lucerne in a tempest of inid and rain; lie never boldly jumped )oti the TeI'l l'latte, never sposo hsis spech ih dol at Kusanacht, and nlever shot .e Landvogt. What Is mnore, the iatubl-. uts of Ur iBoawyz and Ulnterwaide4 wver met byv night eni the Ru ,ha"