The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, December 30, 1880, Image 1
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TRI-WEEKLY EDITION. WINNSB OROS. C., DECEMBER 30, 1880. VOL. IV.-NO. 157.
KY (JASTLJB.
Domes and minarets and towers
Turrets which can kiss the sky,
Grottos cool, and leafy bowers
Clad in buds that never die,
These and beauties twice as fair,
Dcok my castles in the air.
Flecks of clouds all bright and golden
Hover round their shadowy walls;
Strains and voices, sweet and oldent,
Echo through these spectral halls,
Many an angel lingers where
Floats my castles in the ear.
But when I approach them nearer
And their beatities fair would clasp,
Neither more distinct or clearer,
Ever they elude my grasp,
And I turn in sad despair
From my oastles in the air.
Love on the High Seas.
"Now," said the Captain, "we shan't see
any more land for a week, and you young
ladies'll have nothmg to do but let sonic of
these young fellows fall in love with you."
"Fall in love," cried Hetty, her tip-tilted
nose, curling .with incredulity and disgust.
"Who could fall in love at sea, I'd like to
know?"
"Who could?" asked the Captain, in in
nocent surprise. "Why everybody does.
Why noW?"
Hetty smiled in evident unbelief, but
glanced furitively across the deck toward
the handsome young officer where he leans
on the rail blowing rings of snoko Into the
deep blue sky.
Mischievous Deb and the quick-sighted
Captain detect both, and laugh unmercl
fully. Hetty blushes, and the first officer
uncompromisingly turns his back and a
deaf car to the Captain's guffaws.
It is evening on shipboard, dinner is
over, the day's work Is done, and all are
assembled on deck.
The sun, which has hung upon a brass
ceiling, is now mercifully disappearing.
The mountains of Lower California shine
in his fast-fading rays, like "the golden
hills of heaven," while one little hammock
of an Island, long, high and narrow, rises
out of the sea like the grave mound of
some ocean god.
For once, the water is smooth; nothing
breaks its stillness but the steamer's trail,
and the sea gulls now and then brushing
its surface. Far, far, away-far as the
eye can reachi-inothing but the same ex
panse ot deep, blue waters, broken only by
those yellow hills, now fast vanishing Into
distance andi night.
Overhead, only another and wider ex -
panse still "deeply, darkly, beautifully
blue," and behind a cloud the now moon
just beginning to look forth upon the bois
terous world below.
Prigsby, from London, explains to a gap
ing audience, how the scenery now before
them uf esrs from. comp&son with that of
the Rhino. Sam Roland, of San Francis
co, carelessly replies to an inquirer that he
is going prospecting for gold in Guatema
la, acknowledges it to be a "pretty risky
business," admits the country to be full of
road agents and bushwhackers, "reckons
he'll pull through." Meantime Betty
and Deb, scehig the captain had a
story in reserve, settled themselves to hear
it.
"Didn't I tell you how my first oflicer
got married? NoT Well, nobody could a
been sicker'n his wife was when he court
-ed her. 1'11 jest tell you all about it, If
you like."
"Well, you see, I haven't always been
cafptain of a first-class steamer-no, sireel
I ran away to sea when I was twelve years
old, and I've worked my way from the
bottom of the ladder. Wdl, when I was
thirty, I was captain of a large sailing ves
sel that was In the South Amiericaan trade.
"I sailed -from the port of Callao, Ban
Francisco being my destination. My sec
ond' officer was ani Englishiman, but nr.y
first 'was sn Ameriean, only two or three
years younger than 1-as good looking a
lellow as ever 1 saw; tell and straight and
handsome, with eyes like blue China. Bie
was a right goiod fellow, too; brave and
-honiest, but frisky as a ki',en and up to all
sorts of larks.
"Well, we crep~t up the coast, stopping
at every inith door, as our orders obliged
us to do, taking in all sorts of things, all
.booked for San Francisco. Finally we
caie o BnJs de Gutml-htlies
ninety nules inland-and there wehove to,
and waited for a chance to go ashore.
"Did you ever hear of the surf on that
coast, ladies? No? Well, it often rolls
fifteen or twenty feet high, and a good
part .of the time no boar can~r m1gtJA it.
* . corry wo'ieai nuoing to stop this tr'p or
you might, see it. You see, there's really
no hiarboi--nothing but an open roadetead
-and, except in the 13ay of Fundy, this
p~lace shows the highest aiid lowest tide in
the world. Th'le people here tried to buildl
a breakwater out beyond the surf, but it
breaks over It half the time, and when it
doesn't it knocks It to pieces. Sometimes
vessels have to ride at anchor for a week,
before they can put a beat ashore.
"We'd only jufst hove-to, when I noticed
that a ship at anchor, not far off, was
making signals of distress, and that a boat
*was' putting oil in our directioni. Of
course, we. were far out beyond the s'urf,
andt It was coiiparatively easy for the boat
to reach us, and it was soon alongside aiid
one of the nen camec up the ship's sie
and told me what was wanted.
*"It appears that the ship was a cofie.
2hiip from Ban Franc~sco to San Jose for
Its cargo. It, was only hgif loaded when
one of the boats capsized In Ihie surf
drowning the captain aiid first'officer. TJhe
second <flcer was very low with a fever,
and they had nobody to navigate the ves
sel: so they'd had to wvait in port till some
oilier ship caine along aiid coula lend 'em
an cificer or ecn.eLody who nnderstood
navigation.
"Well, I called up my first officer and
pub hinm altoard the etifree ship, and i a
diay or twto we bothi sailed. We wexe go
ing over just thme San~e ground-or sea,,
rathem-and as Ihie two vessels wore equal
ly fast, itc kept each oilher In sight most
of the linie. We'd been out about ten
days, andt we're In American waters agamn,
alien all of a sudden tihe ship hove 1o, andl
sIgnalled us to stop. We ran as close to
thum as we could, and. then we hove to,
and presently through the glass I saw a
boat being howtered and there was' a womi
an In it.
"I was enrprised as you can imagine,
for I did riot know there weie any pas.
?engers eq the coffco ship, though there
were half a dozen on my own. In a few
minutes up the side came my first ofilcer,
more than half-carrying the prettiest little
Spanish girl I ever saw. Oh, ladies! she
was a beauty! Eyes like the stars in the
flag, and the sweetest little face-kisses
just sticking out all over it! hut wasn't
she the sickest little mortal that ever set
foot on deck? I tell you she was all green
End 3 ellow, and looked half starved. I do
not believe she'd kept down a quarter of a
dinner for a month past.
"'Hello, Jack!" said I, "what's the
matter?' And I gave the lady a seat on
the lounge in my cabin. The poor little
thing couldn't sit up straight, so I just
hoisted her feet tip and made her com
fortable-among the pillows. e
"'Captain,' said he, '1 want you to
marry me to this young lady.'
"'Marry you,' said I. 'What do you
mean? She's too sick to be married, man!
She can't stand up. If you and she want
to be married, why dcn't you wait until
you get ashore?"
"You see, ladies, we talked out free be
fore her, for she couldn't understand a word
of English!
" 'If we wait tili then,' said he, 'you
and I'll be going to her funeral instead of
her wedding. We've got to be married,
and right away, and you have got to mar
ry is.'
"You see. again, ladies, we were great
friends outside ship, and when we were
alone together, we dropped all ceremony.
" 'What in thunder are you -in such a
hurry for?' said 1. 'Why can t you wait
till you're ashore?" Where are the lady's
friends?'
" 'Her stepfather's aboard my ship,' he
said.
"'I thought so," said I; 'and I won't
have anything to do with it.'
" 'le just turned and winked at me
'out of the tail of his eye,' and then I re
membered, in a moment of misplaced con
fidence, I had told hi of some little cir
cumstances in regard to my own marriage.
"'Hem!' said tic, grinning like a mon
key, '1 think they're sometimes justifiable.
Now just look here, Cap; listen, and I'll
tell you all about it. That l ittle girl has
no relations, nothing but a step-father, and
she's dependent on him for support. Well,
the old coot's a doctor, and crazy at that;
or if he isn't, lie's the meanest cuss on
earth. lie's taken Into his addled old
head to discover a sure cure for sea
sickness, and because just the name of a
ship sets poor little Dolores to casting up
accoupts, he's been taking her on all sorts
of long voyages, and trying his various de
coctions on her. So I want to marry her
to get her out of his way. Of course I'm
in love with her and all that,' said he,
looking kind of foolish, 'but if that wan
all, I'd wait till we got ashore. Of course
I can't make him let her alone unless she's
my wife, and if lie has control of her much
longer, she'll never see port again."
"'Do you mean to say,' said I, staring
at him in surprise, "that he tries experi
ments on hcr-gives her things that ain't
inedicine?".
"'I do,' said he, 'and I mean to say that
the last thing he gave her was a bottle of
bed-bug poison, and it most killed her."
"''By the Flying Dutchman,' said I, 'I
ihould think it would! Where's the old
soot now?"
"'In irons. I told him I wouldn't have
mny such doing aboard my ship and lie
5lapped my face. So I put him in irons
and came off to you."
"Well, ladies, I just went over to the
sofa, where the little girl was rolling her
big, back eyes at us, and wondering what
in thunder we were saying.
"'Ilow old are you, my dear,' I asked
in Spanish.
"You see, I'd been mairried more'n two
years, and I thought I'd a sorter right to
be paternal.
"Eighteen, Senor Captain,' said she in
the softest voice in the world.
"Said I: 'Do you love this young man,
andl want to marry hinm* You needn't if
you don't, because I'll see to it tnat your
step-father don't bother you any more.
"I didn't dare to look around at Jack,
for I knew he'd be looking blacker'n thun
der at me just then. And, indeed he look
a step towards us; but I made him keep
off till she should have answered for her
self.
"Well, she blushed very prettily, and
hesitated for a second, then answered very
sweetly that If the Senor Captain didn't
minid the t:ouible, she should marry the
Senor First Ofmcer. That the Senor First
Officer hand been her only friend; that
although she had taken many voyages and
seen many people, she had never before
found any. hv Ackn' "orgd.'9. S'arI904'. I U
'ner behalf, that sihe felt very grateful to
the Senor First Officer, and now became
attached to him, and wIth the Senor Cap
tain's permission would gladly become lisa
wife.
"As site said this Jack got out of sight,
behind the door, put his thumb to his nose
and twirled his fingers at me in the most
diespectfulh manner. I had a great mind
to put him In irons for mutiny-but no
matter.
"Of cotirse there was nothing to be done
except marry theni; shte was over eighteen,
and at sea thme captain's as good as the par
son, you know.
"So 1 called up the passengers and tha
oflicers; and the ladies dressed her up in
their own finery, and we had a wedding in
very short order. After that the ship's
surgeon prescribed an antidote for the bed
bug poison.
"TIhe second officer wvent over and took
command of the coffee ship in Jack's place
and sent back Dolores' trunk and clothing.
At first 1 thought we couldn't get along
without hhn, for Jack was so deeply in
love, with lis little sea-sick girl I thought
he'd be of no manner of use. But we had
good weather most of the tIme, and Jack
did his duty like a man.
"lBnt it was real touching to see him go
to lisa wife's cabin every (lay and bring
her on deck and fbit er comforta'bly on a
bed the steward made for her uniher an
awning. And then he'd nurse her and
care for her just as if he'd been a Sister of
Charity. You might have seen then, Miss
lietty, how a sailor can love a woman!
"Well, she soon got better and stronger.
Jack and the doctor fixed her up between
them, and a healthier, livelier and hap
pier little woman never let foot mn San
Francisco. Jack took htem right to his
manr1i(d sister, and there she stayed be
tween voyages till she had a lot of chil
dren, and htem husband bought her a house
of her own.
"What about the coffee ship? Oh that
made port a day before us, and the old
doctor hand usal nu nen the me....o wei
touched land. So we were buled up in
court, and Jack had' it out with his step
father-in-law.
"I think that the court was rather
againstus first; but the bed-bug poison and
the slap in the face did the business, an
nounced everything in our favor. He
was atterwards decided to be a lunatic,
and turned over to his brother's keeping.
"What's becomee of Jacki Why he
sailed with me for several years as first
officer; now he's captain of the companion
steamer to this. That good looking young
follow that's been making eyes at you,
Miss Hetty, is his son; ard I dare say that
he agrees with his father that sea sickness
makes precious little difference when a
man's in love."
The moon is quite up now, flooding the
sea with silver. Between us and the
shining mirror interposes the head of
young Jack, showing in fine, clear out all
houtte. What wonder that Hetty has to
put severe restraint upon her eyes that
they shall not wander in that direction.
The captain saunters away to be agreea
ble to other passengers, while Deb strays
down to the deck to listen at a little closer
quarters, to the tinkle of a guitar, and to a
soft voice humming a Spanish love song
As she strolls back, she finds a musculine
form usurping her place, and peeping under
Hetty's downcast lids are a pair of earnest
sailor eyes, whose dawning love and hope
Lio sea can fright or quell.
Railroad Travel Now aidoi III the Palit.
Two additional fast express trains have
recently been added to the Pennsylvania
Iailroad Company passenger service be
ween Philadelphia and New York, both
running through In two hours-the time
Inade by several other fast trains already
Dn the passenger schedule. When the old
Camden and Amboy:Line was opened to
travel, forty years or so ago, the Improve
nent upon the stage coaches which covered
he distance in a long day-and this only
inder favorable circumstances--was very
great; but it was not so great as the im
provement upon the primitive railroading
vhich the Pennsylvania k.allroad Company
as effected within the past ton years.
ome of us remember with feelings of
nisery the six or eight hours in the wretched
ittle cars and in a slow going boat that the
ourney between these great cities involved,
nd yet we marveled not a little at what
ve then regarded as the greatest wonder
,f the age-a locomotive engine moving at
he rate of twelve or fifteen miles an hour.
''he contrast is no greater between the
tage coaches and thesu old time railway
rains, than that between the Camden and
Amboy service and the service of the New
Vork Division of the Pennsylvania Rlail.
:oad of.to-day. From the roadbed up, a
Iomplete revolution has been effected.
E~ngines running at the rate of from forty.
iVe-to sixty miles an hour; cars in which
verything is provided for the comfort of
;he traveler; a system of telegraphic sig.
ealing that secures as absolute a degree of
afetyiaa human inteHligence can devise
md a passenger service of some forty traln
Sday-these are the main changes whict)
forty years have effected and the practical
results are actually greater than those
which marked the abandonment of horse
power and the introduction of steam. As
raveling facilities have increased travel
ias increased proportionately. These forty
rains which ply between the two cities
3very day carry backwards and forwards
3ight thousand or more passengers-more
1han in old times made the samn iourney
a a whole year.
An Inducement to Membership.
During last winter a revival was in pro
,reus in one of the country churches near
ian Francisco. Among the regular at
cndants of the meeting was a beautiful
md estimable but rather unsophisticated
roung lady, whosefriends were very anx
ous to have her united with the church.
ahe seemed, however, reluctant to do so,
mnd the minister in question was requested
0 "talk to her." This he did several
imes, on one occasion saying, in a jocular
nanner, "Miss M., if you will join the
3hurch I'll marry you," meaning he would
perform the ceremony. The girl seemed
pleased with the proposition, and few even
ngs after walked up to the altar and united
with the church.
Some weeks after this the minister
?reached at the church, and after the sur
iices met the young lady. "B3rother----.."
sid she, "you know you promised to
narry me if I'd join the church. -Are you
going to do so? .L don't want to wait any
QonlgC " -- - -.
The minister saw his dilemnma ia at.
tempted to exp~lainl. "I meant' I would
perform the ceremony," lie said, "that'i
all. 1 can't marry you myself, for I ans
already married, and love my wife toc
much to desire to swap her off for anoth
or."
The young lady became indignant, do.
ciarmg'that she "never did have muclh
faith in these town preachers." Our min.
istorial friend declares that he will nevei
again use any other than plain 8criptural
argument to induce a young lady to johs
the church.
Narcotism from Nutmcg.
The fact that nutmegs have strong niar.
cotie properties has long been kilown: but
they are in so common use as a favorit<
condiment usedl in smail quantities thai
their dangerous nature, when taken i:
large quantity, is apt to be overlooked and
forgotten, even by those who are aware ol
their tendeney. A physician reports a cast
where a lady patient- duripg his absenc<
was induce I by her old nurse to take nut
meg tea. .One and a half nutmegs werE
used m making the tea, and the patieni
drank the whole of the decoetion during
the day. About ten o'clock at night ahe
began to be dIroway, and by four o'clocli
the next morning was An a profound stupor.
At ten o'clock in the morning the narcotic
effects of the nutmeg began to pass off, and
by four o'clock P. M. she had pretty wel]
recovered. 'The symptoms were about the
same as those produced by opium, and the
remedies -given for them were about the
same. Nutmeg, in the quantity of two ot
three drachmns, has been know~n to producc
both stupor and delirium, and dangerous auc
fatal consequences are said to have followet
its free use in India. Mace which is the
outside covering of the nutmeg, possosen
essentially the same properties.
--Fenmnsylvania now produces ovei
10,000,000 nonnds a atpbamQ
Viow iLe is Made in Georgia,
A correspondent writes we have visitei
theestablishment of the GeorgIa Ice comp
any, where the manufacture of ice. wai
certainly as interesting as Anything we havy
seen. On the ground floor is a boiler,fift;
feet long and four and one-half feet in dii
meter, containing 150 feet- of three ani
one-half inch pipe. The boiler is kept filleI
with aqua ammonia, which-is separated b:
the steam heat into ammoniagas and water
The gas, leaving the wataL in the boiler
forces its way through a xlu-ich pipe out
side the building to the roof, four storie
up,where it passes into 15,000 feet of coilec
pipes, in which it is converted into liqu
by cold water thrown over it It
fountain jets. This liquid passes into 15,
000 feet of three-quarter inch pipe, arrangei
in verticle sections thirty feet high and
three fet apart, and its sudden liberation
into these pipes turns the liquid pure am
monia into vaporand the sudden expansion
makes the- pipes intensely cold. Now
above these hundreds of vertical pipes are
innumberable little fountain jets throwing
spray all over the pipes, the spray freezinj
gradually, forming an immense icicle o
pure ice around each pipe. The gas nex
goes into 10,000feet of absorbing pipe, and
being cooled bywater running on the pipes,
it is met by water forced into.the pipes,ant
converted back into aqua ammonia,whicli
goes into the big boiler, and is used ovel
again-there is no waste, the same ammo
iiia being used and reabsorbed any num bei
of times. The water used for the spray is
drawn from a well seventy-five feet deep on
the promises, and the large blocks of ici
(which are loosened from the pipes by a
little hot steam, and chopped off by nogroce
who stand on a pulley staging with thel
feet wrapped up in thick swabs of cottor
sacking for warmth) came out pure and
clear, and entirely free from any odor oi
objectionable taste. After -the pipe
have been stripped, about five weeks are re
quired for a new lot of the requisite thick
ness to form. But of course the pipes ar
never all stripped at the same time, the ice
being in all stages of formation. The fact
ory has a capacity of thirty-five tons poi
day, but twenty tons keep pace with the
demand, and it isn't stored, but cut every
day as it is delivered, and sells at from $1(
to $12 per ton. As we picked our way
among the gleaming and uneven pillars
with the water dripping and splashing dowE
upon us, and the only light coming in
through the smallest of windows at the top
it seemed as if we were . in some under
ground ice-cave. The whole building and
its apparatus would cause strangers to won
der what in the world it was designed for.
Waxindustry in China.
Talking of bees makes one think of wax,
The whitewax industry of Szechuen,China
however, does not depend on bees. It is
a peculiar and growing industry. Baror
ltichthofen, estimates the value of tne an
nual cropon the average, at about $3,250,
000. In 1879 upward of $405,000 wort:
of this curious ontoniologica. secretion was
exported from the one port of Hankow
alone. White wax is the mere exudation
of an insect in a state of disease,aggravated
probably by the operation of an uncongenial
climate, and favored by the presence of a
tree for which the creature has an affinity.
In the Keenchang district an evergreen,
known as the Ligustrum, thrives in abun
dance, and on its twigs, in the spring o
the year,countless fies swarm like a brown
film. The branches soon become covered
with a white, soapy incrustation that in
creases in volume until the commencemeni
of the fall of the vear.when the sprays are
cut off and immersed in water which is
kept boiling. The viscid substance rises tc
the surface,and Ia skimmed offmelted, and
allowed to cool in deep pans. It was acci
dentally discovered that, by transporting
the insects from their native district to th<
more vigorous one of KeatingFu. in the nort1i
of the province, their capability of dis.
charging wax was largely augmented-i
preperty which was promptly and exten
sively availed of by the Sze-chuen traders,
The period between evening and morning ii
chosen for conveyance,because nmany houri
of sunlight would precipitate the hatching.
This should take place only after the femalei
have been attached to the trees. Arrived
at their destination, six or moure of the
mothers-which are enormousley prolidlc
are tied, wrapped in a palm leaf, to a mem
ber of the ligustrum.. A few days later th<
young flies are swarming on the twigs,
where they fulll their imission by themonti1
of August. Tnl they perish in the caul
drons, wnere the results of their brief exis
tence are collectedi. It is said that thu
peculiar industry requires the exercise 01
rgeat care, foehuh ad ggg
Steam for Cooking.
Mr. Prall, thus explained to a class I:
New York his system of heat for cookin
p~urposes. Hie said "our system of cookini
is not by the use of steam, but by super
heated water. Everything you see upo
the table here was cooked in our ranig
Some of the companies which have bee
compelled to abandom1 the plan, as it ha
been found impracticable. Our plan in
few words is this -:We send out from ou
stations through pipes about three or fou
inches in diameter, a constant stream c
water heated to the temperature of fou
hundred and thirty-five degreecs. Thi
het water is conducted by smnaller pipe
into the house. Hlee it branches, and on
Pipe leads to a converter, where the hc
water is converted into steamn and distribut
to the radiators and heaters in the buildin
making about five hundred times its 'vol
nume in steam. Another pipe leads directi:
to the range. At the side of the range Is
valve with an aperture the size of a heedh
through which the hot water passes into
pipe having an inside diameter of about
quarter of an Inch. This pipe Is colic
around the top, l'ottom and two sides o
the oveni. A casting of Iron is placed bet
inside and outside of this coil of pipe. Upo
the top of the oven are stationary pots,an
meats and vegetables can be cooked eithe
in tbese or in ordinary pole. At the baa]
of the even a coil of pipe is arranged fc
boiling. All that ia necessary when th
oven is needed is to tuirn the valve, and I;
five milnutes the oven will be0 ready. Wit
a wood or coal fire the greater part of th
heat passes up the chimney, but with thi
system we keep all the heat about the over
and the water, after doing its work there
passes with no diminution in hecat to
boiler or tank and then~o t9 all parts c
the house where it may be needed fc
washing purposes. When the range is n<
needed the valve can be shut, and ti,
water passes directly to the atnk throng
another nmn. -
Adukteration of Soaps.
Consumers of soap, should not negelect
to inform themselves of the real value of
I the wares they buy, and to prove the ab
sence of intentional adulterations. A very
old trick is to increase the weight of soap
- with water, but as ordinary soap soon
I loses this by evaporation in the air, this
I 4eception will not succeed unless the soap
is sold off quickly. There are two other
methods of overweighting. One consists
in putting in chemicals that are adapted
to hold this excess of water in the soap, so
that it loses little or nothing in weight by
I lying. Another way is to add some min
eral substances, soluble or insoluble to in
k creaae the weight and diminish proportion.
ally the value of the soap. Artificially in
I creasing the amount of water and adultera
tion with worthless chemicals pay well,
and they do a fine business by duping their
customers. It is no wonder that a house
keeper does not have her toilet soap and
family soap analyzed, because she uses
comparatively little of it, and is satisfied if
it looks good and makes a good suds.
When large consumers, however, neglect
to submit their soap to an examination
they may suffer considerable loss. If soap
I was tested oftener than it is more frequent
complaints would be made public, and bet
ter wares would result. There is a soap in
the market that contains seventy-five per
cent water, and externally cannot be dia
tiguished from soap that contains only
twelve per cent. It is easy to see how
great a difference there may be in the value
of two specimens of the same price. By
simply increasing the amount of water
doors and gates are-open for deception in
soap making, so that many manufacturers
make a prolit of a hundred per cent by
selling water instead of soap. Gelatinous
substances are most frequently used to re
tain the water in soap, and are at the same
time an excellent filling. Alumina
in the hydrated form performs this service
best. The author detected this substance
in six samples of soap, which had over 60
per cent water, and were sold by their
manufacturers at the same price as another
manufacturer sold soap with 24 per cent.
Other gelatinous substances, like silica
and organic substances, are used. They
are easily detected by chipping up the soap
and dissolving it in alcohol, in which they
are insoluble, while pure soap is perfectly
soluble. The undissolved residue may be
filter3d out and more carefully examined.
dlot water will dissolve the gelatinous sub.
stances if they are organic, like gelatine or
glue, leavlug- alumna, silica, etc., uli
affected. By evaporating the aqueous so
lution and weighing the residue the quan.
tity of gelatine can be quantitatively de
termined. The silica and alumina can be
.dried, then ignited in a platinum or por
celain crucible, and weighed. Waterglass
Is frequently added to soap, and, although
it is not an injurious ingredient, such soap
can be made cheaper, and should be sold
as waterglass soap.
Vhildren at echool.
Dr. Jaeobi has made this a special
study from the standpoint of physiology.
ills conclusiom is that, as a rule, a child
shpuld not be sent to bchool before he is 8
years old. Not till this age is its brain
substance suffielently developed. An in
fant's brain is soft. It contains a large
percentage of water. It is deficient in fat
and phosphorus, on which, to a large ex
tent, intellectual activity depends. The
convulsions are fewer. The different parts
of the brain do not grow in size and
weight alike-the normal proportion of
the front, back and lateral portions not
being reached before the age of 10. So,
too, the proportion of the chest to the
lower pottions of the body is not attained
until the 8th year, wixile that part of the
back, (the lumbar) on which the sitting
posture dopends, is even then only moder
ately developed. About the 5th and 6th
years the base of the brain grows rapidly,
the frontal bones extend forward and up
ward, and the anterior p~ortion grows con
siderablv. Still the white substance-the
gray is the basis of intelligence-and the
large ganglia predominate. It is not till
about the 8th year that the due proportion
of parts is reached, and a certain consoli
dation, both of the brains and the organs
of the body generally. Before this period
nmemory alone can be safely trained.
Froebel, the founder of the kindergarten
system, reached the samne result, by ob
servation. Mean while, Jacobi recoim
.mends that the children be entertained and
gradually dleveilped in the kindergarten.
"Here' he says, "their activity Is regu
ulatedl. their attention exceisedl, and their
muscles invigoratedl. Both imagination
[Jjnemory arc taxed to a alight degree
only. N*''icreasing years, the grag
substance becominfind more devel
oped, their thinking powera~e~ilj
evolved. The secret of a thorough edu.
cation lies in the uniform 'development, of
- all powers. To develop one at thme ex.
' pense of the others is to cripple all."
II
r Recently a gentleman of Leadville wai
r standing at a restaurant corner fumblin~
fin his vest pocket for change. when he re
r marked to the clerk behind the counter:
S "Say would you like to see my iet?"
5 "Wouldn't mind,"o respondecd the restau
3 rantor, and immediately leaped back int(
tconsternation when the questioner drew
Es small live snake out of his pocket, and
placed it on the glass before him.
- "What do you think of that?" he asked,
"Great heavens!" was the reply, "yeu
Idon't carry that thing around with you, dc
you?"
40"ertainly I do, why not?"
S At this juncture a man who was a wit
ness to the scene, ventured to ask:
"You don't have that, thing for a pet,
i do you?"~
I "Yes, I do," was the response; "other
I people have dogs and cats andl birds. Now
r this little fellow, If you will only look al
C him, is prettier tihan any of them. Set
r how his skin ghmitens, just like diamonds.'
0 "But, it's cold and clammy, and then
I snake--why the idea's horrIble."
I "R may be to you," said the reptihi
0 fancier, "but it ainet to me," and takinj
5 up the wriggling pet In lis hand replacet
,It, carefully Ia his pocket.
"There Is nothing more repulsive," hie
a continued, "properly thinking, about
f snake than any other animal. They art
r cleaner than a dog or cat, and thIs litti
t fellow couldn't bite If he would. Thiel1
e habits are very Interesting to watch; thcj
lb don't cost anything to keep. Oh! I tel
you, at snake's ust. the nu,.e.t pet ou."
"Out Ye 0o."
Somewhere between Leadville and Gun
nison City, Uolorado, wanders a Detroiter
who is penniless, ragged, hungry and dis.
couraged. Four weeks ago be met a Mci
gan man out there and senthis love toell in
quiring friends at home, and also explained
why he was in that hard-up condition. Ile
was too honest and too particular for that
country. He reached Gunnison City without
a dollar in his pocket, but with lots of
ambition in his soul, and soon met a man
who explained:
"1 can give you the softest kind of a
snap at four dollars a day. I want you to,
run on' 'ny faro tables,"
't know the game."
say, stranger. You must
have ha or bringing up. Out here
and you u.,. know farol Passon-no time
to bother with youl"
The second man applied to for a situa
tion squinted his eyes and took a long look
at the Detroiter and quietly asked:
"Whar' from?"
"Detroit."
"No use-that's too far East. My pard
ran off with the company funds last night,
and I calkerlatud on payin' somebody about
a hundred dollars to overtake him and bring
me back his skulp. You'd look sweet
takin' his trail, you would You'd better
inquire on the next corner.'"
The next corner was the site of a saloon
about to be opened. The proprietor was a
six -footer with a revolver on each hip, and
in response to the inquiry lie said:
"I s'pose yon know how to pour whisky
and weigh dust?"
"Yes."
"Suppose that one of the tuff ones comes
in after his nipand refuses to hand over?"
"I'll call the police."
"Police be hanged! Every man's his
own policeman out here? You must open
on him with a shooter and keep pulling the
trigger until he fallsl The sit's open at $3
a day and found."
"1-1 guess I won't take itt"
" lien git! No p.Ilace for milksops
around herel Might a-knowed you hadn't
any narve by lookin' at yel"
The Detroiter made one more effort.
This time it was a man who explained:
"Glad to see ye-sit down a bit. Ye
see, there's bad blood between ine au' a ful
ler called Sandy Tom. We've agreed to
drop each other on sight, and we mean bus
inass. I want you to git the bulge on him,
and beln' you're a stranger you can help
me. Put this Derringer in your pocket
and go an( shoot Sandy Ton and I've got
$200 for ye!"
"Why, that would be murderi"
"What of it! Do you expect to hang out
around here over a day without doiu'g any
shootin't Whar was ye raised?"
"In Detroit!"
"Giti You haven't any spinal colunini
You'd better run home to your ma, you had
Out ye go-so longl"
A River Monster,
The Natchez Democrat, says: a few
weeks ago we published the particulars of
a sea monster, as related by a tow-boat
captain. The captain of the towboat de
scribed the monster as resembling an im
mense snake with a bull-dog head and a
pelican bill about ten feet long. It lashed
the water into foai with its tail, and spout
ed oblique streams of water forty feet high.
The monster attacked the barges which the
towboat had in tow. After it disappeared
the captain examined the barge, and found
a splinter from its bill embedded in the
timber, which lie said resembled ivory. At
the time of publishing the above we felt a
little inclined to doubt the monster story,
but now, after having ourselves interview.
ed two gentleman who have seen it, we
really think there le a big sea monster in
the Mississippi river. The gentlemen whom
we interviewed say that on the night of the
9th inst., while floating down the Mis
sissippi river on Capt. Ed. Baker's produce
boat, when near Island No. 95, they were
startled by a very loud splash in the water,
and as they had heard of the great mon
ster, they were much frightened. Thiey
saw a dark object not more than eighty
yards from the boat, and for the first time
saw the huge monster, It was swimming
at ai pretty fast rate towards the boat, and
it made as much noise as the steamer R.
E. Lee. 1t caine on, and as it neared the
boat it sudldenly turned to the right, strik
ing the stern oar and knocking it overboard.
John Caughilin and Dud Kelley alone re
mained on the roof, the balance of the crew
taking refuge in'the cabin. The monster
came near enough to enable these tivo gen
tlemen to get a full view of him. They
judged him to be about sixty-five feet in
length. Ills bodiy was shaped like a snake,
his tail forked like a fish, and had a b'ill
like that of a pelican. He had a long flowing'
lggiggq..uv ike a horse. When lie swam
his head was eig Ne1W ilN l I,
was a grand sight to see him move down the
river. Messrs. Caughlin and Kelly tell us
that it was impossible to induce the crew to
come out that night. The pilot, Mr. McCunt
George, was finally led out by his wife,
she assuring him that the great monster
had departed.
JR Liardly Fays.
A New Jersey merchant met an ac
quaintance on a street car on the Elevated
Road, in New -York, recently, and after
some geheral remarks the latter said:
"I saw a newspaper notice that you
had failed."
"Yes, I went by the board."
"Very bad?"
"Yes, pretty bad."
"Outside speculation, I suppose?"
"Partly."
"Creditors willing to give you a chance
to recovpr?"
"Yes."
"Glad of it; 1 suppose you'll soon be all
right?".
"Yes, I tell you what, it was a very disa
greeable business. I had to plead family
extravagance, and my wife who hadn't had
a new dress for six months, was as mad as
hop. I had proved that I had given too
much to the church and thme minister call
ed and raked me over the coals; I had a
clerk abscond with a lot of cash, and the
crceditors made me own up that ho was my
brother. I supposed that I had lost $500
by a fire, but they figured that I was a hun
dred ahead. I figured on having enough
to pay thirty cents on the dollar, but some
ahow they got hold of ninety-eight, and
put all the costs on me. I lost four weeks
of trade on the top ot thia, and I'm feeling
awful blue, It hardly pays to fail--unless
Iyou've got a partner to help you to bluff
credlitors.
BRIEFS.
-Doer hunters are very successful
in Sullivan county, Pennsylvania.
-Brazil' supplies the United States
with 800,000 bags of coffee annually.
-Chicago to to have a sugar refin
ing company, with a capital of $750,
000.
-Switzerland gave 70 per cent. of
its total immigration to this country in
1879.
-An elephant tusk, 14 feet in length,
has been unearthed near Palouse, Wy
Olhing.
-Six hundred and one Masonic
lodges in Illinois have a membership
of 36,570.
-James Gordon Bennett is to have a
new steam yacht built for him at a cost
of $100,000.
-Over $2,000,000 worth of dried
yeast was imported by Great Britain
in the year 1879.
-The em press Eugenie has sold her
house at iliarritz for $700,000 to a
Spanish company.
-There are six cotton factories In
Potershurg, Virginia, giving emploj
meut to 700 operatives.
Is estimated that the amount of
batter made in Ohio creamerles Is 50.
000,000 pounds per annum.
-Sarony pays Sara Bernhardt $1,500
for the exclusive privilege of taking
her photographs in this country.
-The Government Light-house
Board ask for $50 000 to test the elec
tric light for light-house purposes.
-Miss Calhoun, a grandniece of J,
C. Calhoun, made a suocessful debut
on the San Francisco stage recently.
-The diameter of the earth bears the
same relation to its distance from the
sun as the breadth ot a hair to 125 feet.
-The wheat crop of this country In
1880 is over 455,000,000 bushels, and is
worth an average price of a dollar a
busnel.
-The Italian emigrants landed in
the United States during 1980 number
12,327, of whom 8,506 were men and
3,761 women.
-The total number of immigrants
who linded in the United States dur
ing the month of September 1889 was
nearly 55,000.
-Only about 7,000,000 of Gaorgia's
37,120,000 acres are under cultivation,
which leaves four-fifths of the state
unproductive.
-In 1879, 36,500,000 pounds of tea
were exported from [ndia, and in 1890
it is believed that the yield will be 70,
000,000 pounds.
-The Methodist spent $279,622 last
year on foreign missions, and some
thing less than that sum, or $254,904
on home missions.
-The smallest sized sewing silk
manufactured measueres about 2,200
yards, or over one and one-fourth
miles to the ounce.
-The total value of iron and steel
and hardware Imports thus far in 1880
is $62,544,272 against $12,573,939 for the
same period in 1879.
-Trhe Bank of France holds $140 -
800,000 in gold. The Bank of England
has $128,312,650. The United States
Treasury has $135,214,839,
Mrs. Seguin-Wallace, the singer, has
purchased a lot in Woodruff Place
Indianapolis, and will erect a house
there for her summer home.
-From 1744 to 1880 the dekths in
London exceeded the births by 267,
000, while from 1801 to 183() the births
exceeded the deaths by 102,975.
-Of 14,500,000 quintals ot grain Im
ported into France during the first
eight months of the present-year 9,000,
000 quintals came from America.
-Patti bought during October six
teen thousand dollars worth of art ob
joots in Paris. She has of late developed
a taste for painting and sculpture.
-Queen Victoria hag assigned to the
widow of Lord Mountmnorres a suite of
apartments in Hampton Ucurt Palace
vacated by the death of Lady Gore.
-Baroness Burdett Coutte, in ameli..
orating the condition of the poor and
deserving fishermen- of the United
Kingdom, has spent more than $500,
-The fish hatchery at Spirit Lake,
Utah, is finished, and is ready for the
reception of eggs. The building is a
good one and has a capacity of 2,000,000
eggs.
-1t is said that the heirs 4"orn
planter," the famous Indian oh ' pros
pose testing their claim to -o rtain'
tracts of lands embraced in the iimitq
of Oil City, Pa.
-Twvo hundred millions of dolars
are spent annually in the consumption
of liquors in the United States, and
sixty-Aive thousand persons die year by .--.
year victims of -drink.
y~gg ea 1881 there will be four
eclipes-to ut and twro of the
moon. A partial ecl~ti l un
-May 27,and a total eclipse of the moo
June 11-12, wvill be visible In North
America.
-The great German General Von
Moltke reached bia 81st birthday on the
26th of October. He received on the
occasion a most magnanimous congra
tulatory telegram from the E~mperor
of Austria.
-The United States uses In the arts
and in manufacturing shout $10,000,
000 1 orth of gcid and about $5,000,000
worth of silver annually, or aboutoneo
fourth of the entire amount of both
metals so used.
-A promninen't miller of Minneapolis
states that th6, iiillis ot that city wili
grind 16,000,000 to 18,000,000 bushels
of wheat during this cereal year, and
Minnesota mills outsi de of that city
will grind as much rnore.
-There are 3,752 man ufactories in
Chicago, giving employment to 113,
507 operatives, and representing a capi
tal of over $80,000,000. Th e value of
the output annually is $240,000,000;
vadue 01 material used, $175,000,000;
wages paid, $37,000,000,
-A Russian Journal of education
shows that if all Russian people are to
be educated, there will 4e 1,000 hbew,
schools wanted in the St. Petersburg
distrfQt, 2,600 in that of Novgorod, and,
not to meontion other instances, as
many as 5,000 in that of Charkow.
-The South Carolina census includes
the following townships: Giddy
Swamp, Due West, Lon Cae 'Taber
nacle, L~irk Corner, Alliator, Ebene
zer, Sammy Swamp, 'o~ Dee, Pocota
ligo, Soul letown, J'rlvateer, Swim
ming Pos. Pumpkintown and ' e.