Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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I.P I kp~~~ 7, .1 V 0,WINNSBOR09 C., NOVEMBER 20,1880. VOL. IV.-NO. 140. AN INDIPENDENT FARMER. Let sailors sing the windy deep. Let soldiers praise their armor; But iB nIy heart this toast I'll keep, The Independent Farmer. When first the rose, in robe of green, tflds its crimson lining, And iobmd his homely porch is seen The bgpeysuokle twining. When banks of bloom their sweetness yield MTo bees that gather honey, He drives the team across the Geld, Where skies are soft and sunny. The blackb!rd clucks behind his plough., The quail pipes loud and clearly; Yon orqbard hides behind it boughs The home he loves so dearly. The gray old barn, whose doors enfold His ample store in measure, More rich than heaps of hoarded gold, A precious, blessed treasure ; But yonder on the poroh there stands His wife, the lovely charmer, The sweetest rose on all his lands ; The Independent Farmer. To him the spriig comes dancing day, To him the summer blushes, The autumn @miles with mellow ray, His sleep the winter hushes ; He cares not how the world may move, No douLts or fears o nfound him; He smiles in calm content and love On children gathered 'round him. -tutiiG6 and-loies his wift, Nor grief. nor Ill may harm her, lke's nature's nobleman in life The Indepon.lent Farmer. A Friend in Need. Three gilded balls outside, told of a pawn-broker'. shop, Within, 6 young girl stood by the counter, holding a' large package for the dealer's inspection. Her eyes followed hie motions wistfully as he took it and removed the paper wrappmgs, displaying the lustrous folds of a silk dress, made in a quaint, old fashioned style. "How mnch do you vant?" he question ed at last. "My mother thought five dollars woul4 be little enough for it. The silk is very good. It was her wedding dress." The man raised his eyes and hands in as tonishment. Five dollars! the leetle miss is i.ot in earnest. I will geef but two." The child's lips~ quivered but she did not speak." "Vell, I will say three, but it's too much. The-vat you say? The shtyle is old-too old," and with a deprecating mug. gestive shrug of the shoulders, he placed the money in little Adelaide's outstretched palm. As she received the dingy looking bills and the accompanying as dingy pawn ticket, she turned with a disappointed sigh toward the door. What followed was the work of a moment. A rough looking young hanger-on about the place saw the bills in her hand as she came out into the street, caught them from her with a jeering laugh, then ran swiftly away with his booty. For a moment she stood bewildered, hardly realizing what had happened. Then with a cry of "Oh, my poor motherl" she sank down upon the steps and began to sob bitterly. But liep was near. A passing stranger had witnessed the theft, and had given indignant pursuit and forced the young miscreant to disgorge his plunder. Then hastening back to the side of the sobbing girl he said: "ilere is your money, little one. Don't ever be so careless again, es pecially in a neighborhood like this." By this time a group had gathered around the two, watching them with sinis. ter looks, evidently in lull sympathy with the young rulan who had been so sum iarily disposed of by Gerald Carman's strong arm. He took in the surroundings with one swlit glance, and determined not to leave the helpless girl until she was in a safe place. "If you are willing, I will walk a little way with you," he said in an undertone. I like not the company hereabouts. They look as though they might work you mere -trouble. "Thank you," snid the girl gratefully. "I was never here before, but biother is so. sick she had to send me." She was a wee bit of a thing, and look edl even smaller walking beelde her pro tector. Hecr face was an interesting one, though wan and pale; and her eyes were of that deep grey color which in the shad ow of the long, dark lashes looked likec black. They shone out beneath a tangle of curly hair, which glistened in the sun like molten gold. But Gerald thought not of any promise of beauty in the child. His memory was busy in the past, when he had pressed a lingering, last kiss upon the forehead of a little sister who was to be laid away from his sIght undler the daisies. Often had he threaded his fingers through her curls-just such another mass of gleam lng, tendrii-liko gold; and his heart warm ed toward the owvner of the hand nestling so confidently in his own broad palm, while she told in artless words her simple story as they walked aloNg. He~r father had been a sea captain. He had sailed away on a three years' voyage, hoping to come'home rioh enough to stay for the rest of his life with his family. Buat the news of his death had reached them and they had heard nothing since. "Mauuna had lived in the country," said - Adelaide, in conclusion, "and when our money was nearly gone she thought it wonld be easier to find work lhere, so we mo'ved: She had not felt able to sew lately, amnd has had to pay one thing al ter another until all was gone- out but the wedding dress. She was too sick to take it this morning, so she had to trust to me. She was afraid 1 would get lost in the . big, wi.,ked city, but I told her God watched over the little birds, and lie would surely do the same by me; and so he did. It was God who sent you," and sho looked up into his face with admiring, reverentipal eye. Gerald flushed a little, but her simnple, child-like faith was too refreshing to d s turb by any common-place disclaimer; so he said, to turn the subject from hImself; "Was your mamma not very sorry to part with the dress?". "Indeed she was. I never saw her cry so but once before, and that was when we heard that papa was dead." *it was easy for the sympathetic listonmer to form an idea of the destitution that threatened the little family. A :paltry, . three dollars oinly between them anid want! 'They had by'this time reached the door of the dwelling-house which sheltered the widow and her child. "May I come in?" he said. '"I would Uke to speak to your mother of a friend of mlio-a young doctor. He is very skillful and might help her." "Oh, " said Adelaide, brightly; then her face clouded, "but we have no money to pay him," '.That.will be all right," said Gerald. ThO girl bounded up stairs with a light heart at these words and disappeared for a moment. Then she came out and beckon ed to him. . "Please to come in; mamma will see you." Lifting his hat, he entered the room soft ly. All within was cheerful and pleasant. A few flowers, brought from their country home, were blossoming upon the window sill, and a sweet-voiced canary trilled its tiny-throated music above them. But his attention was at once concentrated upon the hectic.painted face resting upon the snowy pillow. bhe smiled faintly as site met his eyes; with their expression of kindly interest. "You are very good," she said. "My little girl has told me of your cffer. I shall be glad to accept it for her sake, but I fear I am past all help." "When there is life there is hope," said Gerald, cheerily, "and my friend, Dr. Gilbert, though young, is very skillful. I will see him to-day and interest him in your cam." Then he wrote down her name In his note book: "Mrs. Adelaide Harney, wife of Captain Barney, of the ship Adelaide No. 8 - street." "May I come i and see how you get along under his treatmentl' he -asked, as he arose to go. Mrs. Harney looked at him for a moment with eyes rendered almost preternaturally bright by her illness. Gerald felt as though his very poul was being laid bare under that searching'gaze bdt he did not blench. He had been reared by a tender Christian mother, and though ene of the gay world in position, he had reached manhood sia gularly unspotted by its vices. So he could bear the scrutiny of those clear eyes, without uneasiness, for there was no lep rous spot in his life to be brought to light. "Come when you like," she said at last. "And if my days are numbered, oh, kind air, watch over my child, my poor little Adelaidel She must earn an honest living. Will you see that she is put in the way of it? You have a god face and I feel that I can trust you. R you never had an earthly reward, the God of the widow and of the fatherless will bless you." She closed- her eyes wearily, exhausted by her emotions, and Gerald, deeply nf ved, went in quest of Dr. Gilbert. Gerald4 arman was junior partner in a large shipping house. One of their finest ships had arrived in port, but a few days aince, and Its captain-a bluff, hearty sailor -had a peculiar charm to the young man. He spent several evenings with him, and had an engagement to join 'him at lunch. While eating their oysters together, a mat ter of busines was mentiohed, and a slight difference in date coming up, Gerald drew out his note book. "That will tell the story," he said, soft ly. A humorous twinkle came into the sun browned sailor's eyes, as he read aloud, "Mrs. Adelaide Harney, wife of Captain George arney-" "lve given you the wrong page, I see," said Gerald, smiling at Captain Breese's quizzical expression, "That is a person whom I met to-day for the first time. The poor lady is in destitute circumstances. By the by,- her husband was a sea-faring man like yourself." The captain suddenly caught him by the shoulder. "Harney-was that the name? By my good ship, man, the hand of Providence is in ii i've been in the country this very day to find out the wife and child of poor George Barney. Destitute, did you say? Why, I've a pile of gold sovereigns for them-all honest money fairly earned. Take me to thenm at once. I'm burning to discharge my mission." At the end of an hour they reached their destination. They met Dr. Glbert at the door. He gave a cheeiing account of Mrs. Harnoy, saying the most she needed was nourishing food and plenty of fresh air. "dend your coachman around with the carriage every fine morning, Gerald," he said in conclusion. It will kill two birds with one stone-maybe save a life and give that idle fellow something to do." "We'll see to that, young sir," chimed In Captain Brecse's hearty voice. Then Gerald introduced the two and they shook hands cordially. It transpired that Mrs. Harney had never received the letter sent by Capt. Breese. It had undoubtedly gone to the' dead-letter ofilcee. She had all the particulars of her husband's illness and death to hear. She shed bitter tears as she listened to his loving messages to his absent wIfe; but it was a relief to learn that one of his coun trymen had ministered to hIs many wants and closed his eyes at the last, wvith tender, sympathetic touch. Her heart turned to the home where she received her husband's parting embrace. So Captain Breese took a day from his sail ing preparations, andi saw that all was made comfortable to receive them, and one bright summer morning, Gerald bade Adelaide and her mother good-bye. In parting, he said: "Write to me how you like your new home, little girl; I shall be interested to hear." And thus they dropped, after a fashion out of his world. From time to. time the letters came as he had rcquested. At first in a round, school girl's hand; then the more elegant chiro graphy told of culture and aptness for im provement. Years had passed. One of :the dainty mnissives came one morning just as he had received orders from his p'hysician to stop mental exertion and go to some quiet place in the country where he could have com plete rest. Adelaide's letter decided him. . He would engage board near them, and renew the~acquaintance with his little friend and her mother. Would they know him? Time had worked changes upon his face-deepenimg the- thoughtful lines between his brows, and clothing lips anid cheek with a luxuri-d ant growth of haIr. He was no longer a smooth-faced, happy.hearted boy. Once in the village it was easy to find the cottage; and he was soon sauntering leisurely up th~e neat walks. Evidences of refined taste ,were vlilble on every hand. As hO was ,ascending the stepv, he found himself fate tb l ace with a young girl,I who had onened the door and come out upon the veranda humming a glad little song. - Thoughts of a pale, earnest face, looking with Its deep, gray eyes out from a tangle of golden curls, had been haunting him all through his journey. It had not occurred to him that the child bad grown into wom. anhood. So it almost stariled him from his self-possession, when, after a surprised, lingering glance Into his face, this beauti ful, stately maiden held out her hand, and with a glad thrill in her musical, young voice, said: - "This is indeed a pleasurel Come in, Mr. Gerald; mamma will be glad to see you once more." He followed the graceful figure like one In a dream, and when a fair, matronly lady with a widow's cap resting upon her glossy hair, came forward to meet him at Ade laide's Impulsive-"Ohi, mammal It is our friend, Mr. Geraldi"-he seemed still In wonderland. Could that be the emaciated, hectic-painted face he remembered so viv idly? The evening passed on flying wings. Adelaide said but little. it filled her with a strange content to listen to the deep, musical voice of this frbend whose kindness dated back so far into the past, and yet whose acquaintance could be numbered almost by hours. Now and then she would glance up into his handsome face to assure herself thdt Mr. Gerald as she still called him after the old, childish fashion, was a real person, hot a dream-myth. Ilis stay In the quiet village was pro longed much beyond his original intention. He was once more a well man, physically; but mentally he was troubled with a strange unrest. He had grown to love Adelaide with the whole force of his ardent nature, and like all noble-minded men, he was free from conceit about his own pow era of pleasing. He hesitated to break the spell of silence lest In asking her to become more than a' friend he might lose all. One morning he called to leave a book she had expressed a wish to read. He found her in the garden tying up a vine whose heavy clusters of opening rosebuds had weighed it almost too heavily. For a moment he sto watching her, then she turned and haw him. The light of suiden joy that Irradiated her face carried 'an. in tuition of - the truth to his previously doubting heart, and he said softly, hesi tating no longer: "Has my little friend a rose for me?' With a bright face Adelaide plucked one of the most creamy, half-opened buds and held it towards him. As he took it, he said: "I only want it with its full meaning. Without that it is valueless as a gift from you. Do you know why? One swift, upturned glance into his eager face, then Adelaide's head drooped low and the hue of her cheeks grew like the "red, red rose;" but she did not reclaim her flower. He gathered her in his arms. 'Oh, my darling' my darling!" he whispered passionately, "I will try to prove worthy of such a precious giftl" Bastorlo btones. The Traunstein, or "Stone of Betrothal, dates from the time of Odin. It is a large hole in the rock of sufficient dimensions for a man to pass his hand through it and grasp another on the opposite side. In the Orkneys, "Standing Stones of Stennis," there is a similar stone, which is called th3 Stone of Odin. Until the middle of the last century this stone was the witness of betrothal, marriage vows, and solemn con tracts, and whosoever violated the vow "made to Odin" was avoided as infamous. Children who were passed through the hole were supposed to be insured against the palsy. The word. Traun signifies "be tiothed." Those In the Orkneys were originally a semi-circle of tall upright *tones on one side of a lake, and a similar group of checilar pillars which stood on the pro~ening pzomontoryof the adjoininglak. The stones were upward of twenty feet high and of Immense size ; between the two lakes was a narrow neck of land, and over this a curious bridge of rough stones thrown into the form of a causeway. Besides the atones mentioned there were the Logan.stones, great bosses of stones so cunningly fitted one upon another ,that if the upper one were touched in a crtain spot with the fingrer it would move, but no strength of a man could otherwise move it. Tfhis was the trial stone which could be made to show a person guilty or inno cent, as best suited the pagan priests. Similar stones were remarked by Pliny, A. D. 100, who mentions one near Hiarnosa, which "mIght be movei by a finger,"4 and Ptolemy, A. D. 10, says, "The (Jygorlan rock could be moved with a stalk of aspho del." The Logan stones in Corn wall g well knowh. Astonishing virtues have beeneattributed to small stones which have a natural hole in them; these were de terined "holy stones," and wvere some times tied around the necks of ca ttle to charm away adders. The Saraw Blusiness.* The man who works up the "straw" business on railroad trains has bee n very scarce this year. Indeed,' only one in stance of canvassing a Michigan railroad train has been reported thus far durling the campaign. On the train going to Saginaw three or four days ago a man who had enough whiskey In him to make himself enthusiastic asked permission of the con ductor to make a canvass on the train, and was told to go ahead at his own peril. Armed with paper and.' pencil ho began at the last seat in the rear coach. Thbis was occupied by a man who rose slowly up, shed his coat and quietly remarked: "Mister man, I'm going to make your heels break your neck in just sixteen se conds!" The only reason he didn't was because the canvasser hurried to the other end of the car. Ho began operations hero by punching an old man who was fast asleep. As soon as the sleeper got ia eyes open and saw the pencil lie called out: "Over. three months ago I swore to do it or loga nly vote, and hore goes I," lie made a sudden rush at the canvasser, throw' hIm over a seat, hit him below the bolt, and might have crippled him for life had ho not been taken olr. A quarter of *n hour later the coniductor found the can. vaaner on th-I p'altorm with his nose skinned and his entltusiasina all gone. *';'kow did the votb stand?" inquired the 'ficlil.-- - "I was elected over all otler candidaten by two majority," was tho proept reply, as the anan wet a~ bit'of paper ap'd stuck ii on is nose. JameuS rewn's Feran. A few days ago a hod ckrrier named James Brown, wurking at the Tome MIll, in Centreville, New Jersey, received a let ter bordered in black, just s he was as cending a ladder with a hod of mortar. Upon opening the letter he learned that he had fallen heir to $64,000 through the death of his father. He informed his com. panions of his good fortune, but, to their surprise, did not quit wqrk, and was promptly on hand the next morning. "Why, Brown," said the overseer, "ain't you going to knock oft?" "Of course not," said he. "Why should I?" "Well, but with such a nice little for tune" "Poohl pooh! man," Brown interrupted. "If you had lpst $150,000 in one day as I have done, you wouldn't be upset by a lit tle matter of this kind." Then he shouldered his hod and went to work. He is a fine, athletic-looking man, about forty years of age, with a good hum ored expression, regular features, orna-. mented with closely-trimmed side whiskers. His muscular arms, bared to the elbow, are tanned and battered. "Mr. Brown," said a reporter, "do you object to telling how you lost $150,000 M a single day?" "Not at all, sir," he replied. "I was born in Now York and lived there nearly all my life. My relatives m this- city are all wealthy. I was myself worth over $300,000 at one time. I was a broker in . all and Broad streets for nearly ten years, but my fortune gradually dwindled away in risky speculations until only $150,000 was left. Every cent of that went in one day in the panic of '73. Oil did it. Well, my friend secured a clerkship for me, and I worked hard for a year or two till I ac cumulated a little money, and then I'd lose It again in stocks. I was In a constant state of feverish excitement, my health ran down, and I finally gave every cent I had away, and went to work as a brick-layer and hod-carrier. I have gained forty-six pounds since I began, and I am contented and happy." "Of course you'll quit this sort of thing now?" "By no means. If I go back on the street I'll lose what little money I have, and shatter my health. Besides----" Here the dialogue was interrupted by a mason leaning out of a half-finished win dow, yelling, "Hay, Brown? I'm blessed if here ain't another." "No!' said Brown, with a smile. "Sure as you're born," was the reply. And then the windows were black with the heads of masons and brick-layers, all look ing in one direction. The reporter follow ed their example, and saw a woman ef a stylish appearance coming over the road and making a bee line for Mr. Brown. She walked direcly up to the reporter and said: "Wiaere's Mr. Brown?" "Here he is, madam"-but, on turning around, no Mr. Brown was to be seen. He had disappeared at her approach. She tapped the ground with her parasol and said It was very provoking. The reporter asked her why, and she said she had heard of Brown's good luck, and, as he would probably start an establishment, she had come to offer her services. She had been a capable housekeeper in an English fam ily for fifteen years, and she was sure she would suit Mr. Brown. Would the repor ter look for him? Of course he would; and behind the engine house he found Brown making a line on a board beside six other lines, while an admiring crowd stood around. "Do you mean to say that this is the seventh women who has beeu here?" in quired the reporter. "1I assure you, sir, I have been called upon by seven woman, all of whom were total strangers to me, to-day, and I can prove it by these men." "And you don't want a capable English housekeeper?" "I do not!" Just then the woman came around the corner, and Brown couldn't get outof sight. He didn't make an engagement, however; so the applicant .was obliged to return to the city again. The station master confirmed the story that seven different woman had called to see the fortunate brick-layer in one day; but they had iall been disappointed. Lephandur. The Laplanders wear on their -head a small cap, made with eight seams, covered with stripes of brown cloth, the cap itself being cf a grayish color. ThIs reaches no lower than the tips of the ears. Their outer garment or jacket, is open in front half way down the bosom, below which part it is fastened with hooks. The jacket, when loose, reaches below the knees; but as it is usually tied up with a girdle, it scarcely reaches so far, and is sloped off at the bottom. The collar is of four fingers' breadth, thick, and stitched with thread. They wear no stockings. Their pantaloons made of the coarse and slight woolen cloth of the country, called walmial, reach down to their feet, tapering gradually to the bot tom, and are tied with a bandage over their half-boots. All the needlework is per formed by the women. They make their thread of the sinews In the legs of the rein deer, separating them, while fresh, with their teeth, into slender strings, which they twist together. The lapiander is said to consume ten times more flesh than a Swedish peasant. A family of four persons devour a deer in a week; they eat the glutton, squirrel, bear, martin, beaver, and, in short, every living creature they catch except wolves and, foxes. "Every day," says a traveler, "I have seen reindeer flesh cooked in their huts for the whole family, and generally of young fawns, in large iron kettles. When the flesh was cooked li was immediately torn asunder by the master of the house with his fingers, and divided amnong-the family ; and the eagerness with which eah person received his allowance, and the rapidity with whIch they strove, as for a wager, to tear it with their teeth and lingers, are almost incredible. In the meantime, the broth remains ir the kettle, and Is boiled up with thick reindeer milk, with rye or oatmeal, and sometimes, though seldom, with a little salt. This broth is then distributed, and devoured with the same hung-y avidliiy. The Sea. Laplander, on the other hand, has only fish, or fish livers with train oil, and never has either the means or opportunity of prepar ing such costly soups." -Seraator Mci.onaiid of Indiana, will soon marry a Washington widow. -There are 650,974 colored Baptists at the South. Japanese Fires and Fir omen. Fires In the foreign settlement arc of comparatively rare occurrence, but during the winter months we are often called to duty in the native town-sometimes on a false alarm, but oftener for a really serious fire. The Japanese houses being built closely together, of light wood, with parer windows, a fire spreads with the slightest wind, until as many as three or four hun dred houses are burned to the ground, and the same number of poor families are left homeleqe in the street. The Hong Kong Fire Insurance Company, a local assocla tion, whose head office is at Hong Kong, have provided Yokohama with a steam fire engine called the Victoria, which is mann ed by ten or twelve volunteersof the young men living here. This, together with an other steam engine called the Itelief, main tained by the joint subscriptions of the foreign insurance companies . who have agencies here and are interested In property in Japan, and a number of old fashioned hand engines belonging to the Japanese government, and managed by natives, forms the fire guard of the foreign settle ment and native town of Yokohama. Thd Hong Kong Fire Insurance Company, be ing an English house, provide their volun teers with uniforms of English pattern brass helmets for the officers and black leather helmets, trimmed with brass, for the men; blue flannelshirts, faced with red, corduroy trousers, top boots and a belt, with a hatchet and spanner on either side. The relief men wear the American fire hat and red flannel shirt, but in other respects their dress is the same as the Victoria. At the sound of the alarm bell the steam en gines are not long in reaching the scene of a fire, and the steady streams from their hoses as a rule soon have a very percepti ble effect on the flames, though at times we have to work from night till morning, and when at last the fire is extingnished the tired volunteers draw the engines back to their houses and retire to the rest they have so fairly earne by their labors. After the steam engines are drawn off the Japs are loft to play on the smouldering ruins with their hand engines, which, though almost useless when a fire is at its height, ate suf ficiently powerful to keep it from breaking out again. The Japanese policemen, though brave and quick enough, are aboo luttly worthless at a fire. They jabber and shout like a parcel of monkeys struck sud denly mad, give orders where they have no right to interfere and choD at windows and doors with their hatchets, destroying prop erty unnecessarily, where In most cases it could be saved with no other damage than would be caused by the water pumped from the engine. The uniform of the Japqnese policeman, llk that of all government officials, is of foreign pattern, and Is made of navy blue cloth, faced with yellow; their caps, something the same shape as a navy cap,have a yellow band sewed around them, and a brasschrysanthemum, the crest of the Emperor. is fastened just above the peak. - Eixaggerason. Some habits are so unconsciously practiced that a movement to mend them Is the only way to detect them. The beam In one's own eye is less noticed than the mote in another person's eye. A family while at the breakfast table one morning pledged itself to observe the strictest veracity for that day. A member of the family tells the "consequenees." As a first fruit of the resolve, we asked the one who suggested It: "What made you so late at breakfast this morning I" "93he hesitated, began with, "Because I couldn't-" and then, true to her compact said: "The truth is, I was lazy and didn't hurry, or I might have been down long ago." Presently one of them remarked that she had been very cold, adding: "I never was so cold in my life." An inquiring look caused the last speak er to modify this statement instantly with: "Oh, I don't think it was so cold after all." A third remark to the effect that "Mils So-and-So was the homeliest girl in the city," was recalled as soon as made, the speaker being compelled'to own that Miss Bo.and-8o was only rather plain, instead of being cxcessively homely. So it went on throughout the day, cau sing much merriment, which was good-na turedly accepted by the subjects, and giv ing rise to constant corrections in the in teret of truth. Oine thing became more and more sur prising, however, to each one of us, and 'that was the amount of cutting down which our most careless statements demanded under this new law, Nott Shots. A duel was lately fought in Texas by Alexander Shott and John 8. Nott. Nott was shot, and Shott was not. In this case it Is better to be Shott than Nott. There was a rumor that N4ott was not shot, and Shott avows that he shot Notlt, which proves either that the shot Shott shiot at Nott was not shot, or that Nott was shot notwithstanding. Circumstantial evidence is not always good. It may be made to appear on trial that the shot Shott shiot shot Nott, or, as accidents with firearms are frequent, it mhay be possible that the shot Z~hott shot shot Shott himself, when the whoie affair would resolve Itself into its original eleorhents, and Shott would be shot, and Nott would be not. We think, however, that the shot Shoit shiot shot not Skott, but Nott; anyway, it is hard to tell who was shot. Midnight sunhine. The spectacle of the sun shining at mid night attracts many foreigners to Swedish Liapland during the month of June. For six weeks there is scarcely any night In the north of Sweden; the sun never sets, and the soil, constantly heated, produces in a month and a half barley and other crops. At that time of the year the Lap landers pen up their reindeers and move their huts toward the cultivated fields. Be ing very hospitable, they greet with joy the arrival of tourists, who generally meet at Mlount GJellaware, about ninety miles from Lurea. From that Hill, which is about six hundred yard high, the beautiful spectacle of the "midnight sun'' can be admired in better conditions than ,from any other place. The 24th of June is the day selected for the assension; It Is the longest day in the yar, the sunben twenty-two hours above the horizon- en Faselfal Filigree. "In Santa Fe the manufacture of this jewelry is becoming more Important, and figree work is becoming in greater demand. Touritts invest in Mexican jewelry because in itself it is quaint and pretty and is rare ly seen in tho East, and as souvenirs of the ancient city they desire naturally to take away something which has an unmistakably native appearance. The gold used in the manufacturing this jewelry, is either from the Old Placers or the New Placers, twenty or thirty miles distant, and Is generally bought from Mexicans who earn their living by panning on the dust from the .washings on these properties. The silver ciomes generally from Silver City, the " '70" mine of Bremen near there supply ing the ore, and the smelting being done In that town. it is brought from there in a crude state, and refined in the shops where the jewelry is made. It may not be uhinteresting to those who have seen filligree jewelry in its complete form, to examine for a moment the process by which the pretty designs are wrought out. First,the gold and silver must be absolute Jy pure and without alloy, as any combin ation of the baser metals would destroy the necessary ductility of the metal which is to be operated upon. The metal as it Is required Is melted in the shop, refined and then cast into flat bars. Theme bars or plates are then put through rollers until they are reduced to the thickness of about one-eighth of an inch and a foot or so long. Then with shcarm, strips are cut off which are drawn through holes In an Iron plate successively smaller until the strip becomes a wire of the necessary thickness. The simallest of these wires are of the thinness of fine sewing silk, but are perfect in roundness. The next step Is the twisting of the wires together, which is now done by a lathe, this having been found easier and quicker and more accurate that the old way of rolling the two wires under the baud on a board. The twisted wires are then passed through rollers which turns them out into a very thin tape of metal, the edges being finely and regularly notch ed. The workman has now done with his metal wire for a minuite, and lays it aside. A framework of thicker wire is made to receive the design he is about to manufact ure, and this is placed fat upon the table. Into this frame he places divisions or com partments and again takes up his wire. hear his hand is a block of wood,in which Is embedded a row of small pins, or rather brass teeth, set very closely together. One end of the wire Is then attached to the central peg, and the workman proceeds to wind his wire on the pegs, moving with cooh turn of wire one pin away from the center in each direction. When he has continued this ioveient until he considers his coil of wire It sullicient for his purpose, he cuts the tape and slips it from the pins, having thou a flat oval coil of very Ano metal wire, irregular on the surface with the notches off the edges. This coil the workman can manage as he pleases. He can lengthen it, broaden It, make it nar row, insert another piece of another do sign and- manipulate it to almost any ex tent, so flexible is the wire, without mar ring the appearance produced by -the in dentations of the edges. He then fit* this coil into the framework, solders it there after fitting it with a fine pincher and nip 15ers, and auds coil after coil, if more than one Is needea, until the figure is complete edt. The patterns worked into jewelry in santa Fe are without number, numerous imitations of feather and scroll work and flowers being manufactured from the crude gold and silver. According to the taste of the customer and his desire to incur ex. pense, jewels are added to increase the bi illiancy of the article. Not only is the whole work (lone without the aid of any machine, but on almost every piece accur ate measurement is required to proportion the work exactly, and this Is all done by the eye merely without the aid of a rule, mold or die. The ornamentation Is pro. duced si..ply 'y bending or pressing the wire, no engravhi.g chiseling or inlaying appearing on any pieee. Trho work, o1 courbe, requires time, and hence 31exican jewelry is very costly, though the prices asked in Santa Fe are smaller than one who has watched the tedious and careful process would expect. Several pieces which have been ordlered recently from Santa Fe, of special design, hav'e required several weeks of labor for their production, two workmen or even three heing constant ly employed during that tIme. Santa Fe ships large quantities of jewelry to all the large cities of the East. Ancient Tombsn in Switzerland. An Interesting find of ancient tombs supposed to have formed part of a JBurgun dia burying ground, was made a short time ago at Assens, a village of the canton of Vaud. 'I hose tombs, which follow each other in regular order, are hollowed out of the rock on a hill at the entrance of the viliage, about three feet below the soll. They are each two metres long and eighty cn-Imetres wide. At the head of each grave is a fiat stone, dressed, but bearing no inscription. The bones are disprosed In the ordinary way, as if the bodies to which they belonged had been laid down in a horizontal position, and not vertically, as in sonme tombils lately opened at Chamblan des, in the same canton. Fragments of tibia, femurs, and the clavicles wore found, but no skulls. .One of the tombs contained the bones of an adult and an infant, pre sumably of a mother and her child. Among the objects found are pieces of curiously wrought and chased metal and silver rivets, the remains probably of a warrior's glaive and sword-belt, in another of the tombs was a belimouthed vase of the capacity of half a litre black as t' its exterior, but In substance yellow. Whether the material, of which it is composed be sto or burnt earth has not yet been determined. Inside as well as outside there are traces of lozeng4-shalped figures executed apparently with some graving to91. The chief inter eat of these tombs consists In the fact that they are almost certainly cooval with the arrival of the Burgunoians In the Jun. country in the fifth century whither they wore called by the aboriginal Inhabitants to repeoplo the land, almost depopulated by an invasion of the Allemain. Being for the most part shepherds and hunters, they dwelt chIefly on the mountain slopes and in elevated valleys. The plateau of Mlount Jorat appears to have been one of their most important settlements, and there can be little doubt that the origen of AMsens, as well as of Cheseaux, where .also Bur gundlan tombs have been found, dates back some 1,400 years. - . Ne W" IN "tittF. -The wheat crop of ilinois for 1880, will amount to 53.865,000 bushels. -A horse shoe wanufacturer Is &ak Ing a horse shoe of Iron And hemp. -There are 200 miles of oyster beds on the gulf coast of the Misslsippi. -The public debt statiment for Sep tember shows a reduction of $8, 974,591, -Eighty thousand bushels of onions annually And a market tt Poughkepsle. Castor beans are now selling In St; Louis at from $1.35 to $1.45 per bushel. -The bogus medical colleges of Philadelphia have been wiped out by law. -Detroit gains a new Industry in a linseed-oil mill with a daily capacity of 50 barrels. -Westmoreland county, Pa., this year produced about 175,000 pounds of tobacco. There are 434 churches In Philadel phla, 354 in-New York City, and 240 Ia Brooklyn. -Vassar college opened with ai in creased attendance of seventy-Aye students. -Sicily has a larger crop of oranges - and lemons this year than for many years past. -The French pay President Grevy 120,000 salary, with $60,000 additional allowances. -The value of the entire taxable property of the United States is valued at $16,000,000000. -The town of Bristol, R. I., celebra ted the 200th anniversary of Its settle ment, Sept. 24th. -Newark, N. J., produces eIght tenthi of all the patent leather made la the United States, -California expects to produce 14, 000,000 gallons of wine this year-the largest crop ever made. A leading New Orleans authority estimates the cotton crop for the our rent year at 5,700,000 bales. -Ten thousand children are crowded out of schools in New York city, on account of lack of accomodations. -The old farm of Henry Clay, in Kentucky, has just been leased at the rate of eight dollars per acre. -Winona, Miss., shipped 995 bales of cotton during the month of Septem ber. Gen. Gilmore estimates that the Florida ship canal will cost $50,000, 000. -The arable land of the Unithd States is estimated at 1,500,000 square miles. -Seventeen women have been ex amined for the Harvard annex this year. -It Is estimated that California's crop of wheat, barley, wool, &c., this year will aggregate $75,000,000 In value. -A Paris dry-goods house was visit ed by 67,000 people In one day, and on one day goods to the value of $280,000 were sold. -The greater portion of Vissago, a large village in the canton of VillIss,. Switzerlaud, was destroyed by fire Sept. 25th. -According to the figures ot a Fill River man, the capacity of the cotton factroles of that city in 160,000 pieces per week. -Thirteen daily political newspaperp are published in Paris, of which the total circulation is over 1,000,000 copies every day. -Germany has got rid of nearly 12U,000,000 In gold, chiefty to the United States ani France, within the last sixteen months. -The cardinals appointed by Pope Pius IX. are about to ereet a monument to his memory in the basilica of St-. Mashi Magglore, at a cost of $12,000. The Wisconsin hop crop has beens virtually a failure this year. Thne usual crop is from 8,000 to 10,000 bales ; whereas this year it will barely reah 5,000 -The estimated cost of the Nfe*Y York underground raIlway is,$1,250. 000 per mIle, and $750,000 additionaI making the total cost $2,000,000 per mile. -Tihere is a creamery at' beberah, [a., which averages daily 1,200 pounds, which sells in the PhIladelphia market at 25 cents per pourid, as fast as It can be delivered. -Five or six Boston firms find em ployment packing 3,500,000 pounds of boneless nish yearly, mostly cod, in paper boxes coated inside with resin and paraffino. -The manufacture of agrIcultural implements has doubled in the last ten .years In 1850 It gave employment to only 5301 hands; now It gives employ w'ent to 40,080. -The U. S. mints during Septem ber coined 5,156,058 pieces of various denominations, vrlued at $8,840,504. Tihis Includes 2,301,000 standards silver dollars and 2,38)i,000 cents. -In spite of the increased grain acre age of the country tributary to Mil waukee, her grain receipts have fallen cit from 35,915,493 to 3,3,3,24 bushels for the crop year just closed. -The apple crop Is Immense this year, and it Is estImated that 125,000, 000 trees are bearing and wIll yld 200,000,000 bushels. ThIs year's crop ought to be worth $80,000,000 or $70, 000,000. --Texas cattle men are more than. satisfied with the season's business, as their stock brought $1 a hundred more* than was expected. The drive for the season aggregates over 300,000. -The tobacco crop In Pennsylvania in 1879 amousnted to 81,000,000 pounds, at that time the Jar gesC crep ever grown in the btate. The present crop will amount to 40,000,000 pounds. -The revenues of the U. 8. Govern. ment for the last fiscal year, foul up. $333,526,011, or consderably more than $1,000,000 for every working day of the year. Tihe excess over the previous fiscal year Is about $00,000,000. -The clearings of the Chicago bhnks for the month of September soot ua total of $141,786,818.12, being $28,148 049.10 ufore than for the cotrrepond2 lng month last year. For the nine months of the present year the t4ta1 clearing are S1,19,4,67.11, belig $842,688,142.88 more than 1or the ~ respondsg nine mionihs $f laut 765t