Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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i. - TRI-WEEKLY EDITION. WINNSBORO, S. C., JUNE 12, 1880- VOL. IV.-NO.71. Along the vale and o'er the 1111 ess lpe iand smoky hazeI The 010269noare warm and still. P. longerwarmer dayp, on thOtmawh bougib, Ing 41thfisodordant'note; The p' cebt-bird arouses now The IoUing heait with trembling throat. The hilli ara peeping through tl;o snow. And buried fenoes greet the vioI'w On bare, brown knolls squaw-berries glow, Or tiny snow-flower flaunt in blue, 14T ', lnw earth notc- Uts thle gale. AsM ing from'the sepu'ohro She cas s ailde her snowy veil, And groets the:train who walt4 ft r her. Tie gathered odorm of the flowerd I hat lurk within the maplo'n v.iua. 'lhe gold 'n light of -sumer houri. r e hoarded wealth of bumm, r ra ns. 'IVe garere.l swo tuoss of tho yea; t he pulsees through the mighty troep. Await a wound to flow in tears Swett as t e hoard of shining bies. Now stands the dr ,way team asleep leftre the bucket-'alon -sleigh, White i:nks the ornel stoel full deo> To draiv the crystal asp away. The steady drip from wooden 1ip1 MAkem music lu. tho soft spring air. Anl soon'the lpdo buokots tip And Waste the nectar rich and rare. Anon the pungent smoke-wreaths rise Around the kuttle's toss.ng surge; Ha e ouths attond the acriOeo, And high t e flames with faggots urge. Ah. transmutat.on woqdrous sweet I Tuat steals the blo,dof bare, brown tr es, And in the craokling flames and ht-at Has powe: thoke golden gra:ms to iio',e I 0 apt. Todd's Horse. "You see, Dr. Bragg," observed Capt. Todd, "I want a re'lar clipperbuilt hoss. I don't want stiffness and breadth of beam so much as I want a good, clean run. 1 want a hoss to show oty with, ye see." 'Well, sir," said the doctor, patting on the neck a vicious-looking animal which he held by the bridle, "if you want a smart horse, I can't reconnend a better alImal than thiq. Just look at thos - heols. WilI don't go near 'em. As I told you. I've three horses that I want t:) sell; but, If you want a horse that will go, this mare is just the beast for you." "You see," said the captain confiden tially, "I don't know much about hosses. Pim a seafaring man. Followed the sea, man an' boy, nigh thirty-five years. Now I'm going to settle down oi shore, an' I'm looking around for a wife. I don't mind telling you that I'm sorter courtin' the Widow Bunn. Now, the widow is mighty fond of a good fast hoss, and there's nother feller, Sam Bliss-shimn' round the widow too. Sai's got a first rate horse and takes the widow to ride a good deal. Now If I don't get domething better than Sam's got I won't stand any show, for the widow will be sure to ride most with the man that's got the fastest horse, don't you s20." The doctor nodded affirmatively. "1 see." he said, "I see." Well, I think the mare will suit you. She's a knowing beast. Just see how her cars are laid back listening. If you find her getting lazy, just touch her up with the whip, and she'll climb, I can tell you." "Well." said the captain, "if she's all you say she is, bring her around to-night, and turn her into my paster, and to-mor row I'll fitch her up in my new buggy, and give her a trial." The next afternoon Capt. Todd ran his bright new wagon out of the barn, and throwmng a halter over his arm,. summoned 13111 Tyke ,and proceeded to the pasture, whore the doctor had left timw miare the pre vious evening. B13 Tyke waes the captaIn's rlghthand man., lie had sailed with the captain alt his life, and now that the former had re tired from active duty, Bill had retired with li.em, and unert.akeni to learn tihe art of farmning. I.n ap)pearance he was much like what the immortal Blunsby might have been, andt he was not much the inferior of that worthy in taeituirnmty and oracular wis dom. The captain -and( hIs factotrm circuni navigated thme paisture and " bore down" upon the mare persuasively from the wind wardl. But -the Iatelligent ,animal saw them coiming and flattened her cars. The captain wash almost within reach when she threw up her head, changed ends and cantered1 away to the father end of the field. The cap)taln swore a round oath and divided his forces. 13111 Tyke wvas sent to coast cautiously around the fence while the captain lay."off and on" in tihe ofling. But It w'as a game the mare understood beat. She trotted leisurely around the pasture, keeping tantalizilngly out of reach and resisting all thme blanidishm'ents offered her in the shape of wheedling wordesiand ears of corn. Tlhe captain aind Bill Tyke both fell to swearing, andl followed the beast around for an hour. At last, with consunmmate generalship, they suicceded in cornering her, and a she triedt to rush bet ween themit beth sprang at her mnane. The captain was successful, and held onm like grim death, b)ut Bill Tyke failed to secure a satisfactory grIp, and was kicked head over heels into a blackberry bush, whence he emerged tern, bleeding, and swearimg worse thani ever. As for the captain, lhe was dragged a hundred yards before he managed to "board" the beast, but at last he fount himself on her back, tearinug heroes the pasture and bounding a toot in the air at every jump. The mare made straight for theo bars, wont over them and finally camne to a halt in the captain's dbooryard. The captai slipped off in an exhausted condhition. andl drove his now purchase Into the barn.* The operation of harniessing was onie requirIng all the seamanshIp ot' both the captain and Bill1 Tyke to successfully per form. The uses of thme various strapa, buckles, and "behaymngpins" were the subject of several animated dhiscussionis be for-e the harness was finally adjusted. When all was complete, Bill1 Tyke cruIsed round the wagon several times, and ob served that the "darned thing was all rIght, anyhen," saidi the captain, "jest put that Qld boat anchor Into the buggy, with about three fathoms of si,out line, an' you itin behind - 1Mm en, no oo-,t...mod addrosIng the rnare, "if ye play a trick like'thit agali. I'll fix ye." Bil marched off to the tool-h'ouse and returned, carrying an iron keelock and a oiq of Inch manilla rope. Tie one end. of his line he fastened the anchor. The other, by the daptain's direction, he tied by a dou ble hitch to the rear axle of the wagon. "Now," said the captak), "jump in, Bill. I'll make the old vixin hum when we ,it the widow in. To the captain a great delight the widow was at home, and surveyed: his new turn mt with admiration. The harness, she looked somewhat peculiar, but she ildn't know nielLabout such things. Of Dourse she.would >v to ride. How kind of the captain! What a beautiful horsel She was not long In getting ready, for ex pedition at such tiues was one of the widow's many virtnes. The captain helped lier In, and the mare trotted placidly oil, while Bill Tyke sat behind, with his legs hanging over the "stern" of the wagon. It was a delightful drive. The mare's head was turned away from home, and she 4ehaved much better than the captain had xpected. The sun was setting as they Lurned about to go home, and as the even ing shadows began to fall the captain began to grow't'ender. Gradually his arm Plipped about the widow's waist. Promptly she re moved it. "Capt. Todd," she exclaiied, "you must not; I cannot allow it. ' She glanced backward at Bill Tyke, who still sat dangling his heels over the tall board, In blisqful unconsclousiess. 'Oh, don't mind lim," sul tle captain. "le don't see n1othin1r." 9It isn't that," said the widow, blushing, "but-I Suppose 1 ought to tell you--in fact I dcn't know that I ought to have come to ride with you at all--blcause-because--" "Cause what?" asked the captain. "Because I am engaged to be married.'' "Engaged I" roared the captain. "Blast my top-lightst Who to ?" "To Mr. Samuel Blias.' "Heavens and yearth I" yelled the cap Lain, giving the mare a savage cut with the whip; but I had no opportunity to add more, for the mare made a boit as though about to jump out of her skin, and tore along the road liKe mad. The widow shricked and grasped the Daptaim by the arm. "Oh, don't, don't I" she cried. "Let her elp I" exclaimed the captain, inore forcibly than politely. "I want to get hum. Engaged to Sam Bliss. (Jood GordI1" The captain gave the niare another slash with the whip, and Bill Tyke rose up on lils knees and held on for dlear life. It was getting dark rapidly. The road was full of leep holes, and the side of the road was bordered with clumps of bushes and large rocks, over some of which the carriage bounced like a rubber ball. The mare had t all her own way now, for she had the bit ct w cen her teeth, and was on a dead run. "Hol her up, Cap'n, hold her up," ex ,lainied 11111 Tyke, in evident alarm. "Port your hellum an' lay to." "Hlolit up your grandmother," replied 'le captain, savagely. "I can't hold her my more than I could hold a three-masted ichooner in a hurricane." The widow relieved herself of a series of piercing screams, and threw her arms round the captain's neck. "I shall be killed ?" she cried. "Oh, aptain, dear captain I For Heaven's sake, stop tihe horse and let me get out.' Capt. Todd gave a quick jerk to the reins. The bridle gave way, and both lie md the widow went over backward in the btottom of the wagon. The mare increased ier speed, if that was possible, and the )ccupants of the vehicle devoted all their ittention to keeping on board the craft, which touched the ground apl'arently about )nc.3 in fifty feet. The captain surmised that the mare would make straight for Dr. Blragz's corn :rib, and if the wagon held together long mnough they might hope to come to a hln ,here, though as for stopping right side up, .t was scarcely to be hiopedl for. The :nare was evidently not that kind of a miorse. "'We're almost to the long hill," shouted Bill Tyke,. Trhe road thius far had beeni straight ; but' it. the foot of the long hill was the lane that Led to thme doctor's barn, and the captaini mrnised that at their present rate of speed lie entire party would get out about the ine the mare turned the corneor. The captain extricated himself from the wvidow's embrace and threw his arms uround the wagon seat. "All hands on deck ?" shouted the cap "Ay, ay, sir," rcspondedi Bill Tyke. "'Let go the anchor," screamied tihe cap. Bill Tyke raised the keelock in his nrmns mod kiting it overboard. It bounded aloneu ~he road from skie to side for a few yards, and thea caught unider a large rock ammong hle bushes. Trhe mare dashed headlong on ward ; the stout rope straightened in a see ndl; there was a crash like the report of a aannon ; thme mare went forward on her knees, tearing up the grounid as she went, while the widow, the captain and Bill Tyke shot up into thme air about six feet and slighted in a semi-conmseous condition imid time wreck and debris of what had been the''wagon. It was thme end of Capt. TIodd's courtship. I'he wagoni was an undistinguishable mauss f kindling-wood; the mare had brok'en both fore legs aiid requIred to be shot, and .he'widow kept her bed for three weeks af ecrward. The captain still follows the sea, or, as lie often remarks to his first mate: "The sea, Bill, is our proper sphere. We noow iore about sailin' vessels than we do bout drivin' horses." "Speak for yourself, cap'ii," Bill always ~eplies. "At nmy end of the wagon I did ny dooty. -Tihere are 2,000 inIafns still living n Mississippi. -A ease Involving a $150,000 estate is on trIal in Rtochester. -Richmond, Va., is about to Invest I00,000 in water works. --Real estafe in Boston costs less now hman it has in several years. ---The apple orchards were not in ured by the frosts of' april. -Bran don, MIss., hiss organ'zed a Roys' Chiristian Associ atlon. -Captain Reid, or Palatka, Fla., f aised a lemon which weighed l3g pounds. -Alimond trees flourish in South Car slina, and are said to be as hardy .as peach trees. It Will Never b,e I'layed. "By gum I" Mr. and Mrs. Defoe sat before a cheerfu Dre in their home the other evening. Ther iad been a long period of silence, when Mr. Defoe suddenly exclaimed as above. "What is it, dear ?" she responded. ."Say, We've got tired playing gamef nd what do you say to private theatri als ' "1ow ?" "Why, we'll get th-ree or four of th neighbors to join In 4nd we'll meet at eacb lter's houses and have regular plays.'" "That will be splendid I" she gasped. "Ianged if it won't ! Wonder we nevei thought of it before. Twenty dollars wil get us all the scenery we want, and eac ie can furnish his own wardrobe. By gum! we've got the Idea now I" 'What sort of a play could we play?' she asked as he marched up and dowi with tragic step. "1 have it-aha I" he exclaftned as li stopped short. Don't you reniember I started to write a play about five years ago? I'll tnish it and we'll bring it out-! Now let's see how the characters run. There iB the Count Dunidoff, who Is in love witi Oeraldine -the Fair. I'll be the Count, of course, as he Is the hero. He kills four m1n, rescues Geraldine from several dang. ers, and there Is a good deal of kissitig a(d love-iihking and a happy marriagel' "And i'll be Geraldine." "You I Oh, you couldn't play that. part. 3he must b) young and vivacious. Let'i ;ce ? I think PIl cast you for Hannah wh keeps a bakery near a park in Paris." "411d like to see myself playing Iannal ln a bakery, I would," she deflantly ans wered. "If you can play Dunidoff I know 1 ean play Geraldine." "Oh, no you can't, my love. You are a it1Je stiff in the knees, and how you'd loo throwing yourself into my arms as the vil. lains pursue. I shall cast that littl widow D. for Geraldine." "Then there'i be two Geraldines of us If you oan play )uiidolf with your lan back and catarrb, I know I can play Geral dine with this little lameness in my lefi knee." "Now you listen to reason, Mrs. Defoe, You aren't built for a Geraldine; you arc too fat; your feet are too large; you haven't got the voice for it." "And you'd make a pretty Count Dum doff, you would !" she tired back. "You want to get the crook out of your back, that bald head shingled over, your mouth repaired and your eyes touched up with a aiint-brush I I think I see you killing four villains-ha I ha I ha I" I"I Woman! do not anger ine I" lie said In a deep-toned voice, as lie rose up. "And don't you anger your Geraldine. ~Ither 1" "Geraltine ! Why, yout don't know a Aky-border from a flat I" "IDumdoff I and you don't know a skye. terrier from tthe big tiddle in the orchestrd" "Tis well I We'll have no playing here !" "Then you needn't I When I play Han. nah in a bakery to let you hug and kis: he widow D. or any other woman all over lhe stage you'll ie three or four Count iumdoffs I" "I'li burn the play, jealous woman I" "If you don't I will, vain man I" Then they sat down and resumed their rormer occupation of looking into the fire ud the disturbed cat went back to her rug wri her dreams. Saiad$. 'o many who have - pa&sed through the Vinter regimeu, the coming of the salad S the great event. Your hot-house salad, wen your Southern salad, both quite edi le, ire wanting in that. pleasant crispness, hat delicate savor which a natural salad, me grown in the open air, possesses. It is 1y 110 means necessary that in this brief irticle receipts for dIressing salads should )e prceented. Such methlods have been liven from time to time im these columns. &ll that can be (tone is to p)oint out certain lcresies which are sometimes commnitted with an early salad. There are Ignorant ceople, to be pitied, who, fortunate In them eossession of the first salad of the season, ibsolutely destroy its tender delicacy by lutting mustard on it I A taste must, be ingularly depraved that dares do a thing f this kind, It is an EnglIsh abandina ion, andi should be dcCriedl. Youl will find mastardl regularly prescribed in many Eng ish books which are in vogue. There is to method of dressing a lettumce salad save ;ith oil, vinegar, salt, and pepper; even he Spring onmon, tile ciboukc, Is to be dis ~ardled, and not, an egng, either hard-boiled r soft, should be0 used. The true Frencih nethiod, in its manner of progression, is as ollows: The lettuce leaves should be dry. .ou will see at certain hours in the Paris treets salade placed in wired baskets, to hich a gentle centrifugal motioni is um= -arted by hand by seine careful mcnagoro. suother way is to use a nap)kin, and after hiaking out the salad carefully, to dry it eaf by leaf. But both of these processes equire rapidity of motion, for a wilted malad is a miserable thing. For dIressing, he smled should be p)ulIced leaf by leaf -rom its central core, leaving, however, tile ~entre. First, In a wooden spoon, mix alt and pepper, which scatter over the usiad, and lastly con.es the vinegar. TIhere s a philosophlicat p)rogressien In all tils. r'le leaves beuinmg first imbrued withl the ol a a measure p)rotects tihe green, tendler tis ucs from the corrosive effects of tile acetic cid. A first salad should not be peno rated with the dressing, it is only the out ide w,4hilch 8110uld( recive a vairnishi of the il and v inegaIr. As to the final process, hat tile Frenchl call to fatigqucz the salad, uhe exact transelation of tis verb, which neans to "tire out" tihe salad, leads to many ad errors. If tile green leaves are tossed blout and the tender white vessels con aiming the juices of thte salad are broken, oeu have a liat and insipid thting; you taste he dr-essieg and n'ot the salad. It require light hand with a thioughtfuli mind to do t. "A lettuce, when it is panachee," ays Enist Savarm, "is trulIy a salad of listinction." T'here is in lettuce salad a umbtle juice, slightly soporific, the gentlest if anodlynes, well known to Ccmist., hich, as a leading authority says, "brings ~ep>se of temper and philosophic thought." riere are t,wo entirely distinct classes whco reed, the gourmand, the stuffer or the levourer, and tIle gourmet, who eats isely and with discrimination. The first, mecauso he does net know how to prepare 11s food, takes hIs nourishment like an animal; thec latter like an intelligent human being. How many discussions have there aet arisen In regard to the' cucumber! Ia It wholesome or unwholesomo I To some It is a delight, to others It Is a poilmon. The general trouble, In a digestive point of view, arises from the fact that the cucuin ber Is not generally cut thin enough. Some dehcate organisms cannot wrestle with what is rather anl indigestible substance, when it is absorbed in chunks. The art is, then, purely a mechanical one as to cucumbers. They should he cut in slices so thin as to be diaphonous. There are many people who believe that if there be anything Injurious in the cucumber it exists in the juices. Therefore, certain precau tions are taken of cutting the cucumbers a long time before they are used, and by means of a weight. expressing their juices. This Is nonsense of the lmost absurd charac ter. It even tends to make the cuconber more unwholesome takng away the nat ural Ilulds which aid in the digestion, and leaving behind the pitl'' substances. Get your cucumber cool, slice it very thin, and eat it at once, is the law. Endive and celery both enter into thle category of salads proper, as In distinction with saladv of lobsters, ehickens, herrings, &c., which should be rather classed as among the Mayonnaises. There are many vegtables which make excellent salads. Asparagus bolled not too much, allowed to get cold, and dressed with oil and vinegar, is the best way of eating this vegetable. String beans, even green peas, are admirable as a salad. If, as Voltaire said of England, (not of America, as it is generally sup posed,) that it was a country where they had invented cinquante religoins et pas une acule sauce," let it be said, to our own credit that we first showed the amira ble qualities of a tomato salad. 8alads must be as old as the world, and possibly show that atavism in taste which must have belonged to prehistoile man. Does not Oliver Wendell Holmes tell us, somewhere, how the English groom, with a stalk of hay between his lips, recalls the hivorois like horses? A to its derivation, the word salad may or may not come from saladu, recalling sal or salt, something salted 11am let, in his speech to the players, says, '1 remember one sald, there were no xallct-v in the lines to make them savory." Voluptuous Cleopatra talks of her "salad days," and in Henry IV., Jack Cido, when seeking Iden's garden, declares lie went there after a salad "to cool a man's stomach in the hot weather." Be sure of it, Shakespeare knew all about salids, and loved them. The Abuse of Palu. The little nerve of feeling which runs through all parts of the human body car ry to the brain intelligence of disaster and of pleasure. The evil messages they bring are called pains. A pain admonishes us that some Injury Is done to a part of the body-a finger jammed, a toe cut, an arm burued-or that som'e part Is overworked or wearied and nust have rest. The verves but do their duty, when they report faithfully these things, and our duty is to repair the mischief wiich caused the nerves to report in the way of pain. But many persons are annoyed by these evil messages, and only seek to silence the messenger. 'The immediate call is for something to "still the pain." Fortunately, the means employed are sometimes such as correct the evil at once, and so put an end to the trouble reported by the nerves. Especially is this the case when cool water is applied to cuts and burns-the relief and the cure begin and go on simultaneously. The mie result Is usually attained when hot water applications (or fomentations) are made to bruises and sharp pains of various kinds. Pain, which results from overdoing of any kind, is most reasonably "stilled ' by rest -general rest of the whole body, and especial rest. cof the overworked part. Any thing that tends equalize the circulation of the blood, or to make all parts of the body confortably warm, and no warmer, helps to set, the nerves at rest, or to stop pain and disease. Not long ago we saw a man who was sufferlag with a violent headache (a neuralgic general toothache) furiously kicking. first with one foot, and then with the other, working to get the blood from his head to his heels, because lie had found that the most effectual way~ to cure his headache. Western iMorac Thiieveg. The favorite mode of running off horses Is thus described: Tiwo of the gang entcer a settlement where there are good horses and hire themselves out as farm hands and go to work. After working a while they leave the neighborhood or go to work for p)arties owning good horses. By thIs means they learn the habits of the owners and the location of the covetedi horses. Witihin a few days after they leave the place or neighborhood a ralid isi mnade upon the sta ble, and the coveted horses dlisappear. thieves seldom run their stock to towns or stations where railroad or telegraph lines can reach themi. They run their stock over lines seldom traveled, and as the gang is very large the same mna seldom go more than one or two stages before changing horses, and return to the neighborhood of the theft to take notea andl spread false re ports to mislead pursmut. Lawrence relates one Instance of a horse stolen in Fremont county, Iowa, passing through nineteen hands, all of them members of the gang, before It was sold in Sherman, Texas. In some places In Westerni Missouri, Arkansas and Iowa and in Eastern liansas there arc farms kept open for tIhe special benefit, of the gang. These are generally In remote districts, far from the mamn road,and where horses cani be fed, doctored and disguised for safe sale. For the Creit of the Family. A young gentlemian was passing a little girl on Sevenith street recently who was sitting on the dloomsteps humming over a tune. lie was interested by the sweet and intellIgent appearance of the child, and ac costing her, the following dialogue took place: "issy, what's your pa's name 1" This was politely answered by the litt-le girl. "How many brothers have you ?'' - "Four or five." "Hlow many sisters ?" "Four or lve."' The young man's curiosity being satis fled lie passed on. The mother of the lit the four-year-old (who had neither brother or sister) overhecard the conversatIon, and calling her in asked her why she had storied to the man and received the follow ing cute reply: "Wellj mamma, I didn't want the gen tleman to think we were so poor as to have no chldeln." P'oisnous L.eguiminous Pliant. Legununous plants, on account of the great abundance of albunltoui material, in addition to star.ch, found in their seeds,have always been considered the equals of the Most nutriltious cereals- uch as wheat, etc. -as articles of food. Of such plants the common bean has probably been largest known and Is most widely distributed. It was cultivated by the Jews, and considered as sacred by the Greeks and Itomans. A te.ple to- the od of Beans, KyInCeS. stood upon the sacred road to Eleusis; and the Kyanepgia, or bean feast, which the Athenians celebrated in honor of Apollo was characterized by the use of these le guines. To the Egyptians the bean was an impure fruit, and they did not venture to touch it. The black speck on the white wings of the flowets wts formerly looked upon as the written character of death; for which reason the bean in ancent times passed am the symbol of death. It has been reserved for modern times to learn that "gdeath" may indeed "lurk In the pot" with at least some of these hOit'-.erto unsus pected pod-fruited plants. Attention has been called to the 1a't by Dr. lothroch that certain leguminous plants growing in otir Southwestern Territories poswes poison ous properties. In the vicinity of Fort Garland, in Colorado, cattle have quite often given evitence of poisoning, which an investigation haks lieen traced to 0xiftroph amberti. The effiects that follow the eating of this plant appear to be long on. during, tihe aninmal becoming deniented and wasting away as its fondness increases to something like ith ophm habit in man. Dr. Hothroch detected at New Camp Grant, Arizona, another plant, lomckia push i ana, the effects of which are similar to the prece<ing. According to the Acadcm.y, Professor Colni has recently reported a ease of the poisoning of hundreds of sheep, at Nanslau, from eating Lupinn . Two circuistanices were spokei of as probable causes. Professor Cohn had, a year previ ously, demonstrated the existence in Lu p/nu, of ai active bitter principle, of which the poisonons properties, closely allied to the poisonous alkaloid of the water Iem lock, are established. The other possible cause was found to be the occurrence. in most of the specimens submitted, of scle rotia, which burst out In the form of small black warts cloeely arranged in parallel se riea. Professor Cohn remarked that the quest Ion as to whether the poisoning should be attributed to the lupine or the fungus must be settlerl by chemical investigation. Subsequent experiments, however, in culti vating the fungus from the selerotium have not its yet led to the production of any spe cift form that. could have produced the poisoning. Tie li)iines grow wild through out the whole of Europe and in ditia and Arabia, and are mostly used n food for cattle, although the seeds are sometimes used by file poorer classes of people. America has also its lupine, and its bitter seeds are eaten from Canada to Florida. Another poisonous leguminous plan proves to be Sop)hora siccio <, from Texas. From the seeds of this Dr. ii. C. Wood, Jr., has extracted an alkaloid which lie cils Sophoria. The efftcts of this are stated,to resemble those of the calahbar bean. The seeds are used by t lie Indians of Texas to induce an intoxicatlon which lasts from two to three days. Ialt a bean iwill, it is said, cause intoxication, and a whole one may be productive of dangeros mymptois. As to the alkaloid, Dr. Wood states that three grains of it hypodermically failed to very seriously affect a dog, but killed a cat In a short time. Watut to Kt.ow, You Sinow. The following questios are propounded for the benefit of debating societies: Does the journalist take precedence over tie prefessioual writer of books? Are American homes Ioe happy than those of other countrIes Is farmi life more condtuctive to intellec tual development anid haippiness than life in our great cities? Are wve, as a native, adtvancilg i moral Ity, or retrogressing ? If husband and wife should have a misunderstanding, both belilevinmg themi selves to be0 right, which should yijeld Is drunkness mnore debasing itn a woman thani in a man ? Is the pursuit of great, though unattain able, objects more ennob)ling to the chairac ter than the successful pursuit of objects which, though attainable, hardly awaken ambition ? is crime justifiable when the ultimate endl Is the benefit of society ? Will science and theology ever Join hands andl meet upon a common lait form i -IDoes the practice of little charities In se cret entitle a person to more hlonor than the practice of great charities a pub. licd Can New England 1be conaIdered as the brains of the United states? Is life in the mountainous regions of the frigid zone preferable to the mlonotony of fiat Northern Louisina? Natural Chiunp)agne. The process of p)rodiuclng natural chanm pagne, that is to say, chamlpagne Into which carbonic acid gas has been infused by ani artificial process, in Caliiorni, is precisely the same as that followed by all well-regu lated houses in the champagne (district ini France. Tlhe choicest varieties of vines are Imported directly from the champagne (district in France, and planted In California soil, and by this means the French grape Is growvn in thaut-state, and a good founda tioin laid for the reproduction of F"rench wine. Onie firm in California, durinig the last year, produced more than twelve thousand cases of chamlpagne by this Frcnch process, and( tile WmeI is considered by many person. to compare favorably with the imported article. The true dis tinction to be madie between champagnes is that which classifles them as the natural and the artiilcal wine. It requires at least two years to p)rodulce the natural chain p)agne, because natuire Is the agent which clarifies and perfects it; while the artificial or gas wino caii be manufactured In as many dlays. Of this article thero are two kinds, that which consists of of real wine, charged with cavbonic acid gas, and that which consists of some other fluid, similarly charged. This fluid Is a mixture of water, fruit esences, alum and various other In gredIents, It Is impossible to estimate the injury which this suipurlous article has done to the legitimate trado, for people become didguated with all champagne after drink ing the sunnroulh sino. Happy Frenehne,. The French have a vast amount of troub le withli their political and religious affairs, but they continue, so far as one may judgo I roma outside appearances, to be the most miraculously happy and peaceful people on the earth. It was a Sunday such as Is usually vouchsafed to Paris in June, but not once In ten years at other seasons. The al was soft and bliny, the delicious green of the fresh buds and the springing grasses t filled the Champs Elysees and the Bois do Boulogne with delicate aromaa, and hund reds of thousands of people were on p?ron. miade. Thousands were seated on either end of the Chanips Elysees, and they look ed as if they were all of one mind, although such was not the case. There were but very few poor or ragged Deople visible. We shouhl think one in ten thousand would t he a liberal allowance, and nearly every person of the lower classes appeared to have a comfortable career aliead, with no c Rpeeial care for anything except the pres- 1 (it. For miles on miles a sextuple row of carriages, ranging in style from the most elegant to the most humble, stretched along the principal roadways. There was a brilliant display of handsome equipages. We saw a goodly number of Amerloan car. ringes and buggies, and was not a little amused to notice Dr. Carver, the "marks man,' driving a natty pair of horses to a small trap, and exciting much curiosity by f lie colossal size of lils gray sombrero and ' the length of his locks. Around the lake Lvery nation under the sun was represent- l Ld. Fat Chinamen, in purple silk gowns, o rolled pafle:d Anonymas in yellow-wheeled 0 :ihai ots. itusasian noblemen, German shop keepers, English snobs and nobs, Ameri eans of every kind and color, and French a from every province was there. At the nuseade where it is the fashion to "des end" and take refreshments, there was iuch a line of carriages as one sees on "re view days," and the uniformed flunkeys r ihouted themselves hoarse in crying out "The carriage of Lord So-and-So!" "M.. ic Marqui's (log cart!'' "Mr. liggiubot- V Loim's 1manI" etc. Ponderous coaches, t rron the top of which swells from beyond the Channel conducted their fiery four-in hands, rolled along the macadam. Here ind there an incautious driver came to q 4rief, and lis conveyance was inexorably I relegated to the roadside until the crash e was over. From the lake to the triumphal irch, on the return, an hour and a half was ionsumned, so enormous were the crowds. ( Lu the evening all the main avenues were e io encumbered that it was not pleasant to f w alk on them. A bout D4ogs. Few persons are aware of the value, var riety and weight of (logs, varying as they 1 lo from 180 pounds to less than one pound. We often hear them valued at from i;500 to less than nothing, A description 0 Af different kindsof dogs may be interest- 2 ng. The Siberiau blood-hound weIghs 2 about 100 ponnds, measures forty inches in girt, and is worth nearly $500, The St. lernard dog, which is a buff or light lead 1 :olor, is very large a.nd valuable. The New- l Foundland dog, when pure, Is entirely black, F id its pups are worth from ten to twenty :lllar". Tle shepherd dog, or Scotch -ooly, is wonderful for its patience, ilelity v nd bravery. It is worth from fifty to $100 v lhe Enlglish mastiff, a good watch dog, is n wvorth froni fifteen to twenty-five dollars. t, f terriers, the black-and-tan is most ad ii.Led. They varly in weight from one pound 1) o twenty-flive pounds, and increase in b value as it decreases in weight. e l'erriers are of tell crossed with the k [talian greyhound, producing a very dell- u nate but extrenely useless dog. The Scotch errier is Ilhe hardiest (logs, Is very coura 4eot18, and is worth from ten to thirty lollars. icoteh deer-hounds are the rarest Imld 1most valuable of hunting dlogs. Th1ey74 are owned p)rinlcipally by the nobility of lEnglimd, amnd arc worth $100 each. l'he b)eagle is ulhe smallest of the hound dnd, has superior scent andI enduirance, mud, ini short, Is the best sort, of rabbit ilnte)r. English greyhiounlds, tihe fleetest a >f dogi', aire wiorth fronm twenty-five to a #i100 each. Tlho Italian greyhound is mere y a parilor dlog. Thie pure breed(l ir are mud valuable, a tine one being worth $1510. i Piht re is a great variety of pointers, settlers iudiypaflel5. Th'le Prince Charles vamriety Ci s the most valuable ofj spanlels. Hie is c a iuiIpposed to haveYf originaltedl in) .lpan, U 'hiere a simiillar breed exists, iIe has a arge, full eye, black-and-tan color, and iever wveighis over tenm poundas. They have d men sold at auction in England at $j2,000 y achel. Thle coach (log is from Denmark, J iiid not oft milchi Vailue, A CoMtIy Toy. I must not forget to mention a curious mud really exqiuisite model on exhibition iit the Paris Expostion. It is a model- u ihout 2 1-2 feet in length and sonic eight tg nches in width--of a Pullman drawing-' 0'1om car amid is made enut irely or goldi andl h >xyd(izedi silver. It is fIIshed p)erfcCtly, tl 0 the most minute (detalls ; the raIls upon sleh It stands are silver andi the wheels ~old. The phat formi at either end is of gold, t :haisedl with crossed lines to represent tihe mneven surface of the common p)latform, t i'hue body of thme car is of oxydize silver, y ixqumsitely chased and the doors of the k ame, while the knobs and hlinges areC of a ~old. Windows of plate glass, shadecd by ilik curtains alternate withi mirrors in rich ramifes. Tlhe revolving easy.chairs and P oot-stools are of silver covered with sil|j ,elvet, and even the inevitab)le sp)ittoon, no 0 arger than a porcelaIn button, ia perfectly 0 nade in silver. On the floor lies a hand.a iomie velvet carpet, andi at each door the a tecuHtomed mat. The ceiling Ia tastefully t 'rescoedl, and tiny but perfect lamps of :rystal are suspendled thereupon, while the ,entilaters around thle top of the car are r ninute doors of g yld. Looking in at one 0 >f the windtows you see, looked securely In i ts closet, the stove of silver whlich suIp )lies warmth, and in another witndow you ice that the diressinig-room withi all its ap. >Ointmients is not forg(otten. Tihe owner1 mad maker who has been exhibiting this s'ith pardionable pride, says that tihe roof :onslsts of seventy plates of gold; that it sost him between $4,000 andi $5,000 to nake tils model, and its worth $13,000,V 1lik statemnt is that it weighs 108 pounds.t t is certainly a most complete and beautiful >iece of worhemanship, although a some vhaut expensive toy. -Tnere are 123 nogro men ins Lex. J ng ton, Kentucky. Who1 aro diiquatlitltd B ~rom voting by reason of havinig sery. o ~d terma in the yonlitenl~ty.. ti BRIEFS. -Ono of tihe constables-in the town of Uonkey Wrench, Kansas, Is named Ilaimer. -R. A. Pennell, an athlete of New Irtnswick, N. J., for a wager, lifted 119 pounds. -The Nfethodists claim to have 40 olleges and 3 theological siminarles in his country. -The ecclesiastical property in New rork exempt from taxation Is valued I $I10,000,00. -Mr. Jay Uould, now controls 7,864 alles of railroad, and will soon control 04 miles more. -The first gold mine discovered iu he United States waA struck in South Warolina In 1790. -Over 1200 miles of railroad, it Is laimed, are under contract or actually tiliding In Texas. -Each employe of Lauer's brewery, n Reading, Pa., is allowed eighteen lasses of beer a day. -An effort is being made to raise 25,030 for a scientific building for )lckinson College, Carlisle, Pen'n. -Alabama furnished to the Confed rate service 122,000 soldiers, one :mrth of whom lost their lives li the iar. -In 1840 the'debts of the New Eng md States were $4,840,000. The debts r the samet Sates nlow amount to $51, 00,000. -Last year twelve perso ns in the iited Stales and Europe gave an ggregate of $3,000,000 to the cause of Dreign missions. -From 200 to 400 new coke ovens rill be in operation along the south rest branch of th1e Pennsylvania Rail oad by the 1st of June. -The property of the city ot Paris, rhich comprises all buildings devoted )public use, is estimated atone millard tid fifty-mililons of francs ($210,400, 00). -Covert D. Bennett, who was a ultied of a charge of killing Richard I. Smith, will lecture In Jersey City I his mental experience while under Dntence of death. -'Ilhe Baltimore and Ohio Railroad 'ompany plarvne(l a rehiefrsoelety for its mployees, contributed $100,000 to its und, and oflered to conduct its bust ess without charge. -At a late sale ira Paris a book by a iodern binder, Tratz Bauzonnent, a inater of the art of Inlayine, sold for 3,200, of ihih at least $2,200 was paid A re1spect of the binding. -Tie Nunnery at. Ebstorf, Province f Hanover, Prussia, celebrated the 0ilenlim of its foundation on March 2. The chureh connected with it was ullt in the twelilth century. -A benevolent Detroit dentist an ounced that on a certain day lie would ull teeth freo for poor persons and rovide laughing gas. lie used 700 allons of gas and extracted 271 teeth. -not a drop of water remains of iat was once Ruby lake in Nevada, bhlch waS, some years ago, twenty ilIes long, varrying f riom half a mile > t,i ree miles in breadth and very deep. -K rupp, of Essen, has lately bought 5,000 tons of Swedish iron, whioh will o conveyed in thirty steamers to Pom. ranian harbors for conversion into Miling machines,Germany's main man facture. --Templo Bar Is to lie replaced by a andsome memorial, to be erected In ie middle of the roadway, and adorned ith the statues of her Majesty and the rlncei of' Wales. Thelm monument is to r've as a refuge. -Th'le reqlulred capilati stock (500,000 arks) for the "German Petroleum oring Association" hias been secured. lie principal oflce wvill be at Breme'n, ad thme field of operation necar Lane urg, Province of' Ilam,ver. -Louis Watso, the Indian chief', who over 100 years old, andi who lIves at ake George, has just receivedi a long K pcted pension from the British Goev 'ninent for wvarlike services rendered ci ee of the Abenquis In the can nst of 1812. -The Island of Jersey has been un ar thme dloinion of England for 600 sars, andl yet a petition was lately re eted by the insular Parliament, called io "States," because It was couched r the English lar.guage, so strong is re love of the peop)le for the French -It is reported that the great Mini esota farmer, Oliver Dairymple, in mnds to cultIvate 30,000 acres of wheat uls year. lie wIll have twenty steam areliers in operation with 1365reapirg achines. Lust year lie employedl C6u aborers, and this year wvili increase ie number to 700. -Beyond the fact that Queen Vie >rla receives $1,925,000 a year from me British nation, and $200,000 a year oin tie dluchy of L-ncaster, and that me fortune left to her by the miser *el(d aimunted to $2,500,000. no one nows except herseif and secretary 'hat her income ia. -T1he largest nuamber ot loga over utt about on the uipper Mississippi ini [innesota is that of last winter. The Lit of thc season amounted to 248,000, )0 feet, to whicn Is to be added 30,200, 30 old logs in the booms, which makes total of 270,000,000 feet to be manu ststredl at and above MinneappolIs is year. -British imports since 1809 have son In value from $1,457,000 to $1,81C ),000, or about 23 per cent, whIle the uports of the Uu4ted States have ad mnced but 10 per cent. In the same oriod, however, the exports from the nited btatos have doubled, while rltish exports have advanicedl hardly prcnt, or from $949,760,000 to $957, -The college book of Harvard gives ~atistics showing that out of 043 Hiar ard students who graduated between 369 and 1875, Inclusive, 360 were Uni rlans or liberals, 217 Episcopalians, .8 Orthodox Congregational ista, 413 aptists, 25 Presbyterians, 18 Meth Lists, 12 Swedenborglans, 8 other initarians, 2 Quakers, 15 Catholics, 2 ews, 1 Mormon, aud .1l, unddoided. e its are furnished the -students at the rnense of the oolee at anyehurch o