The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, May 08, 1880, Image 1
TU'E WINNSBORO, S. C., MAY 8, 1880. VOL I
TRIP bf~tflj. r
Trip lightly over trouble,
'Trip lightly over wrong;
'( q1.jWme griof o,uhlo
By dw;llini on it long.
Why 01e W9's ha:n so tightly?
Why h , Wi bl? hotAd dead?
Why cling to forms unsightly?
Why not i4ek'joy. idtead?
1'rp lightly over sorrow,
Though all thedy be fark,
The sun may shikAfo-mproyt
Anid gaily sing the lark,
Fair lie a has not depar'ed,
- -9uAh roe(ujRxay,hayo fled;
then riover look dowi-hearted,
jUt 170k. or- J>y lnstead.
Trip lightly over u4adnops,
Stand nut t) rail at doom;
Whilet stari Lo nigTly ahinint.
Afi' bedvn is'o'v IGa,
Encourage not repining.
Butlqok for joy instead.
S ir' Fe ,13 Sk I j
At thc t me of* our Ho t le wi the
Uncapapas, six years agg, Comprny 0 of
the-th regiment, was stationed on the
Upper Missonri at Fort Galpin, where I
was in coiuiip ' i
I speak of it Ca 'MCompany' 0, 'thouh
in point of fact we could not then muster
o 'Allif cel, n i eta alt
gh I rry pi g ,yci
the midst of two or three hundred Sioux
warriors, every o eof whonIha( tie
arms than the goer ment f rslj .
Trouble had been brewing for our or
five-moqtPo' ,1J aJe hardjt wYat
he cause was. I n fait,)6 Uncpapas had
been "good" Indians abdit as16ng as they
wanted to be, and were perhaps spoiling
for a little war"I's ' 3L.
Thfe,rs hostile act was to cat ure a
Soldis Ahdee t d b0li i gf aitt
w 'aif 8ast Ih a pr .ard
sters. Ile was vwr ld while antelopej
shooting at a distad cQ, g6gp
taken (st011,1vearig Is uniform) to one of
their A Iikgi i .ktre'd d W116d 4MfteI
their most approve0fashion. Such at least
was the roptl-T
Three foul,e-'ks 1ater%t9&&Jvdia0
attacked a party of teamsters about,fiften I
miles from this same Village. -Pvbry nmi
was killed-and tile wagons were robbeq.
Next dgy tteosavages,rode to the fort and
had the audacity to show us ike coats-they
had taken from the poor men, some of them
stained with blod.
Of course we were indignant 'ind eager
to retuliate, but what could we do? Wu
were so.few th\ wo did not dare to rlir
outside the stockade, 'and we lived' in
hourly expectation of an attack which we
ad eimg ble to,resist. For
numbers of the worst characters fron other
neighboring trillp Guqf 'Pjouf* w:A0, h1e
hungry wolves,were drawn to tie place
where there -was a prospect of blood,-qed._
Mcanw caklarc e e
the river e he m0 IeI
Snow, bufft I eo rt
hard frozen gr#n I ai d 1i n,,mo t
than a month no couriers from below had
come to us, nor had I dared to send out
messengers. But at length It became neces
sary, in view of the threatening hostlity
of the Indians, to communicate with Forts
Union and huford, at all hazards. -
0A.t1io'iAo'rjiik.of the'diinetecat.h of'No
vember, the men were called together, an,
after telling them of my dislike to detili
one of them for such a service, I inquired
whether either of them would volunteer. to
take a dispatch to Fort Union-a distance
of nearly or quite one hundred miles.
There as station, s I had expected.
Nd ozie r'ejiofded f& set 1e' rilihutes.t Prds
entif"t ptitate iaSned Fr'eman A. Star
bird stepped from the line and saaJ he
would try It, -if he could be furnished with
a good pale of sketes.
6tatbird, wss a, young man of apopt
twenty-three, from some of the Eaistern
States, New Llampshirp, Il think. is
.name was F'reeman Amnariaha Starblrd. 1
re nhmer the middle name distinctly, be
Ho was a long-leggedl, rather tall young
ster, with a clear, brown complexion, black
eyes and black h - ,go Chj, yhp.
took what came eter'l~ TUd.-"a
"Cpn yog sktt, 8tarbird?" I asked,
"Ohi! I ied to Akate a little," 'slid he.
"I rather guess -I ean' get down to Fort
Unilon'Iy night.u4iul don't';ootao- to too
many~ opeasgegh4", .-':
"And the redskins don't sag~ot you fr,om
the bank," some one in tihe 'line 'added,
"erou. ilI1 atdfpreim FILt Union in
one day," I said. But I was only too glad
to accept the offer of lis services.
Mr. W-1th Itidian agen~ and tradqr
at the post, hld ihis ~toek ' n,e sk' te.
From these arrt ctd/ ir;aI
meantime I wrote a dispatch to Major P
at Fort Union, informing him of thme peril
buckdA'i a at.
An ordinary knapsack, stuffed with bread
ad meat, and a revolver and knife In his
bielt, coampleted his equIpments. Jumping
to his feet, he circled out upon the river,
then coming round, he clashed psat(tt
with a smart, mihitary salute, and skimmed
away down the broad streaim, tY9? r to
of fifteen miles an hour.
with frosty pendati s.- Ti re was inst a
dust of dry sinow o %(3 i'ogoY
enough to impede skates. Away wen,ut mr
man round a high bluff, at a bend, half ~a
mile below.
We hoped, and rather thouighit, that lie
might not fall in wIth any of the Jndlians;
andI no very great uneasiness was felt for
him. Had we known, however, what per.
ils he was passing through that mnorninug,
our heu'rtswoul~d Ig tiige g
For the first t wenty or twenty-five miles
south. Round these bends Starbird glided
at a racing pace, for he w a fr -shm I
morning was bracing. I '
or eight miles, when, as he w as doubling
Uiindied yards of it, thq tree-tops having
Uneapapas, as was subsequently learned
from the Indians themselves, was cainiying
there,for the purpoi*0'of otittlng off scouts
frit belQ%w. or aboyde .;..
Starbird injkht have turned back, a%
propably would, If. h.o had foreseen .wha
was to follow. '1it on t4e spur bf theij6
iment ie'deterp)6 d ;q giVe qii tha "go
by." 8triking 0 toward tW6'further'banki
he shot down the river ike an antelope.
. a .. point the Missouri is from three
t i1died.$"4'i, ,%yj1th. Starbird
113ifeld off opta 0P't' rather moro
than half the width of the channel between
Jilusblf apd, the fight shore. Before he
had'gdt down fairly opp'osite the sioko' a
loud whoop. followed ty a chorus of Sioux
yells, told him he was, seen.
Seven or eight redskins dashed out .of
the bushes, down the bank, with' their
ginsgancrack caie.shots upon the air,
andwbulIeW Skipped past Starbird's legs,
and screatne alonig the ice.
Evo'y Indian shot at him one after the
other; but he was lunging ahead so'iftly
It is no great wonder they. failed to hit him.
JAPhalf4~ -f 'ai~ s at ji
~~o1 tikp4 fing -.
signal of defiance. There was a long,
straight stretch ahead, down which Star
bird flew at full speed, thinking himself
safe fromthlat part, atlet. , . s
SBut hedd not *MQ oVv4th groitnd as' well
as the redskins knew it. Glancing back a
ninyt-11tter, IiQ pawytbat, tp*r or- vg,t f
h! d erg ,' tw
ly mount lng i blsf t h r
pk. e he dt I eot toce mistrust
or s9me three-or four miles below, the
river turns noirth again, isveeien F6nd lil
a maJd9tic bbid. By : running overland,
niot much more than two miles, the Indians
Would- ach:itjev rver,l whereas --tarbird
had to skate more than seven miles to reach
At nillwiig4liffl aut)di 96ing t1h9t A e
atgos ere not in pursult Ol the lee,
'of miles, and
hen rest or ten or c U. ninutes, and
ook breath.
To his surprise, Just as he was starting
)ut frg t)e )gk to go qn, he saw ;tvo
[f1i 6 :je . n ile
-Ye4ati'eid their skating a moment or
wo, and concludiWg from their movements
hat he could keep out 9f their wiy, , 'i
truck off. again at - an - ordinary speed.
'hey did not. gain on him. On the con
rary, he saw that he was leaving them.
Four*or fivenifies wOre Soon gone ovei
7hen, to his consternation, lie saw three
udians run out, on the ice from a thickset.
Lot!a. hundred rqjs ahead. Ic realized
4q situation at once. He had been
For opd' lii*tint he was on the point of
altilng, Ils sk"iAe straps and taking to the
aunk. But knowing the redskins woM)d
iave.the advantage of him there, he re:
e adtoire nyX e iW an rwen
iout,od (h o r),|
,out dt 41111
e wretches c o to I m,a In
eturning his compliment-t winkl ed their
lngers at him with a whoop of derisive
'Bru?ttrbird had no thoughts of holding
ip. As he drew nearer the savages pre
ented their guns; but he dashed toward
hein, till -1he ,,NaS 1ithil, two h'undrdd
(ardh,when gliding round lie darted back
iip stream.
Thinking he now meant to try his
,hances with the two Indians on skates.
01 three fired their guns at him, as he
lashed away, and again the ice screamed
,vi_4 the kQn( of bullets.
Two d iYhavEigas who 'sto together
~lublied ithefr'ghns idnd ran to m'eet him;
hein, catching sight of his revolver, they
~urnedi and ran for the bushes, and began
odiding' in haste.. 1.ut the other, who was
trrtiitr out on,tlhgice, dropped on his knee
md took aim.
Stairbird then ,qQw that this one. had a
dolWbe-barrelled 'gun, with a r-eser've charge
in it. Tabkijggfrom' him on the instant,
hf6 d.rtd off toward the fui-ther banke' to
get past him olh that side.
Tfhe saage jumped up and ran to head
hun off, ho)llng,.his .gun ready to shoot.
Starbird was now within a hundred feet of
Wged f1T Wltdsale pA; he dashed
diety#te ni n,d at the same
Either the' shot upset; the redskin or lie
sh1)ped. Down he 'Went on the ice, and
bang!went hIs. 'un2 r 8ar.bu'd cocked and
tired apiolhg ghot itilg4qi, 4s b9. flew past,,
and was off before the other two lndiaha
could finish loading their rifles.
But lie had not gone far when he felt
the strap of his right skate give way, Aid
bn stoppngto tighten it, found that It was
-"-"'' o~1d the ivw$6 It hung
ed a r a mo$ he was
ap dci lAKtn" tft lng of hil elt, he
hastily pulled it off, and with his knife, on
the ice, cut a strap from it.
r,ut4hgbl ohWldif6)UfWPtji
coid shift the bukle, thegg9p guta?g .
skate-irons caite to his cars ; and w tii a
mile behind.
Clifdiul 'ilDhPdAm6l1ehfdr'Jh4 buckle
tongue to cut in the new strap, with the
point( feplp.Knwn that his life
depended on his skites, lie workeu away
t~~ttwtjLrpit te Indian coming nearer
dfsEE .1l It ealed for all his cool
ne4 Ocjst the holes, thrust in the strap,
and buckling it tightly, startedl to his.feet.
As lie rose up lie heard the ,T#dikt!Kgun
snap not twenty yardls behind him. But
the piece misseI fire.;. o
With a eoll' the~ redskhiglidIed toward
,~j~4 ipl ~fted to sttrike. But Star
fu-'i bt- i'olod, and shot off to one
side0. The tWo then encircled relind each
hthier, the saviuge trying to get in a blow
with his gun-bteech, And. Starbird doing
qqpgw } pg
was an immense fel w, and kept charging
,who played round,
Twvo shots that lie fire; missed the red
i kn a feint
avoi' iIJli'.~P~r7ird lunged to
vo e CWO n in snch fornt.
scrambled to their knees. The sa
swung his gun for a blow, when, witli
ter aim, Starbird so injured the I ld
leg that it was uselea, for he coul:
.move It.
Meantime tho other Indian on sk
who had stopped with the other three,
or thice-fourths of a mile above, was
'lig, with thui, 4ot twenty rods a
Sthrbird had bhrely timb to'leap to his
and dash away-with balls skipping r(
hit again._
He was not again waylaid, however.
reached Fort Union early the next a
nooi. Two days Jater, we had the a
faction of seeing three' companies of
- th cavalry ride up to itI stockad
Suicide by Atilmals.
A cause of suici(e in thg dog is give:
Morris, as illustrative 'of iiab's' pit iles
to his wornout animal dependents.
poor animal was old, infirm, paralyzed,
less, an outcast and a wanderer. Prio
its suicide by drowning, It was character
by sadness of look. It obviously pond
its course af action, exhibited for a I
gestitancy, and at last came to a decke
lnd acted upon it with promptness and
lution. It preferred death to its exi
ice of life, and refused to allow itsel
)e saved. In alother instance, cited by
same author, . the dog was old, disca
distrabted with pain. It, too, drowned
self with the utmost deliberation, first c
ing a last piteous, "Ilouging, lingering Ic
at its master, who had suspected It of b(
affected by, and probably had discarde
for, the suspected rabies. An old c(
(shepherd's dog) in Caithness, troul
with infirmities of age including deaf.
and the loss of teeth, in 1876 commi
silcide-here again by drowning. "E
cntly age was a buiden to him. The
before the last scene in the drama was
acted he was observed to take a gen
survey of the locality he was about tq
forever-in a very' shaky way. lie t
wended his way over ground familiar
him in his huntijig days ot the seashore
I istance of about two miles and wiltli
aking a longing, lingering look behind,
plunged into the sea and expired. The
was witnessed by a number of persons
the shore."
A Newfoundland dog "of great age"
ils feelngs wounded by being scold
beaten in pretense only by means o
pocket handkerchief, and having a d
anut, in his face when about to leave a ro
with his usual companions, a ntiure and
zroitp of children. Soon after he %
round allye but with his head altoget
5r partly' submerged In a ditch. to
Iragged out. But now he refused to
r drink, and before long lie was found
lhe same lposition in the Qape ditch. I
his tine dead. lie had sitcdeeded in' t
iccond defernined attempt at drownii
ut failed in securing his purpose with a
cient. rapidity and directness by starvati.
A becoltue imiorosd it refused all colP.
onship, bit vIciously, and 'had a marli
agueness-as, If .contemplative-of ga
An American canvas back duck used
ill to lap itklf submerged till it V
frowned, seizing water weeds attached
)r growig JKom the bottgn of a pond
ake. "O rtaih fowls were determi
ypoU slliclc, and many j umped( deliberr
Y overbaard" on the African lake Alb
\yaza. gaptivebirds sometinjes poil
Alemselve,abparebtly' preferring deati
onfinement. CThe American stag or d
ommits suicide sonetines when seized
%tta6ked by the glutton-by preeipitit
seljf agaialst trees. Dr. Bidle hAS plit I
ecord Oci ofSiho
e ot uAlnce, in Madras. (
as ) rientally in a glazed
Lomol nejil4exposed to the a
rays. % QAtd leoat.cemied to 1
ate i ci~h. Ti~ ng a co;nmon
anica1 ,I focussed hb rays of the I
,n its ypk. The. monment' this was de
t b)eg borun' hurriedly about the cr
hissing ad spittinglin a' very tierce w
'T1'lis experiment; was repe3.ted some f
>r fv'e tfini0s with like results. But,
Lryffif6WeWc!6again, tlie scoridn' tu'rn
up its tail and plunged the stini, into
>wn back. In less than half a minute
~vas1qulte extinct." Another Indian em1
onfirmed, Dr. Bidie's obseryationa sul
uently by asertinig ,"that' scorpions
comnilt suicide' is a well known fact. T
turn back their tails and sting themselve:
death." For instance: "When surrouns
>y ti-'ircle of'glowing embers," from wvi
presumably~ they infer escape to be imi
:ible and death by the torture of burn
mminent. Palseybs experiments on set
iois also led to their death 'by. suicide,
certain trap- door spidert of liew .'Zeal
:ot'Hbipe6n7Itjder of its fonIigwith v'61
.arysaeficiebf its own life.' "It is 1
fectly clear to mne," says a most intellip
ohserver'and-describer of.its habits, Rol
Gilligs, C. E/, Prealdent of the Otagodfr
ethItevidently could 'not bear to le
its home, for it could have, done go ansil
amy tim~e with sits young. The pai
rnarrihg 'of lsjd handiwork seemed to is
so.diishpart4ge44Kthat 19~cl4 itselg up
own ~qned ho sea brokn hearted a
Quigg anhd filty.
and goes over a certain. route -every me(
ing, serving nhlk to m'atny cumstomers
Charlton, 'Macdottgal -and other .stre
siis horse, '!.Billy,i' has been on the 'r
fotthree y 'and.notonyg,knows .9~
::ustomer, e days upoa waieh to.s
for some !tha customerA do hot bug r~
efoif d a One Tudhb" not long'
Mr.- Quig,who was'severhi-yards boll
sata'il)y'did not intendi to stop 'a
certatumiouise on Macdqugal street and
ntpg up, sc9l1ed @il,1y giuite hard.
Mir. 4Nuig lmfta illy.was' right,
oWfo 'wi'tmr i~ heed
m0Ming 6Ame;Biily' Btbilp t, sutre 4tm0:
ande this ed angered Quigg that he beat
Illly cruiy., $omo,.qfqtheo residept
i~~oqg~l jmeet had earne[ t9 love
in~~lgn~~irBe,,ii 'nd .1they, sAw
qmthent'thoy mplarned to
eaay." TIhIA comnaht '1e to' Qui
disch&rge. Billy reall 6lei his'dr1
piao prom aips neve to bea Billy a~
vage I Lack the Luor-.
bet
ian's "Poverty is no crime, Judge," pleaded
not Mr. Sullivan.
"But it is no excuse for getting drunk,
atea. argued the boss of the bench.
half "It Is, in a way,'' Insisted the gentleman
:om- from Ireland.
'ay. "In what way," inquired the B. of tle
feet benuh '. : ,:t
)und "In this way, 'your Honor. It is a duly
establisl4ed soientillc fact that good whisky
and does not intoxicate; for, don't you see in
fter- toxication is a bad effect; 'paradoxes are
%tis- bad, also; therefore kf: good whisky could
the have a bad effect it would be paradoxical
.- whisky,.and woulI ip)niediatoly cease to be
good whisky. Don't you understand ?"
"Perfectly," asserted his Ilonor; "but
what, has that to do with the ease?"
i by "Everything; eyerythiug. Of egurse,
ness you realize that whisky Is a. necessity, and
The that. had whisky Is better than none."
USe- "Oh, yes; that,ls perfectly understood?"
r to "Well, then, I couldn't afford to buy
ized good whisky, and I couldu't go Withog,
,red Sold ldank some of the coppyr double-dis
imue tilled from iron filings and inuriatic acid,
ion and it went to my lead.!
res. "Yol , yes; go on," said his Honor.
>eri. "Well, don't you see it Is a mator of
to logic that its poverty Is no crime, nd
lhe poverty compelled me to drink bad whisky,
wd. I was berfectly justified in getting stone
it- blind drunk."
ast- "That is not a l9gal excuse," ruled the
ok" bench; "it is logic, but not law, any more
ing than all law is logic. Now there are cor
1 it tain logical excuseq for everything; but in
)ll the present case-"
>led "What would have been a legal ex
e's c1se?"
'ted "Well, for iintance-.you wear shirts, I
vid. presule?"
day "Oh, yes, sir; IVve worn tus one for
en- years,
-ral 1Then, if one of your shirt buttons had
ulit dropped off, or if the button-hole should
Iwn burst, and your collar had crawled up over
to your. ears;. or if yqu had been arrested for
-a vulgar language, aid hired a regular Police
out Glourt attorney to defend you, and realized
he your danger in his succeeding in sending
act you up for life; or If Gates pronilsed you
on a positiou, or Herbert. had hypothecated
Siome mining stocks with you; or if you
jall had beei miisled into matrimony; or if any
ed, one had accused you of being a membqr of
, a the sand lot; any one of these things would
oor -have been a legal excuse for acting as you
om did."
ier "But Judge-''
Vas "No buts about it. The ollicer found
cr you head first in an ash barrel in a yard.
vas It was tie same place that Mrs. Mulcahy
eat held her brilliant surpri.e pArty to Miss
in Nora Finnegan last week. You told hin
Jut you were looking for justi6e, and lie brought
his you here to get it. You returned his kind.
ig. ness by expectorating tobacco juice in his
Lif- eyes. Mr. Sullivan, this vill cost you
)n. Y5."
n. Sullivan. The city will entertaiu you be
,ed low until this time to-morrow. Good day."
re. And Mr. Sullivan wiped his eyes, and
its silently stole away.
ras
to . 4treet Sights inl Romo.
or .
01, I is soietiling, if you must be so prosaic
t as to enter old Rome by a railwAy, to find
ert that the depot is put down on the nap as a
,on part of the old baths of Diocletian; and
to- houso-huinting, with hurried glimpses as one
er goes from street to street, of Trajan's
or forum, and the fountain of Trevi, and the
ng Tib.r, is calculated to stir strangely one's
fancy. And the picturesqueness of the
6he streets strike one at once. What with
lia priests and soldiers, and the passion of the
)lnc women for brightness, they are all life and
Dx'! color. Priests in brown, priests in white,
n's priests in scarlet; soldiers with an opulent
rri., varijty of-unirortn, and pudAes p )alp
'o.. and silver brai(l enough to ruin a modest
un government. Is It because war in Itself is
eso lihtle aliuring that soldiers are always so
se, gay ? Or Is it the last remnant of the time
sy. when men rivalle d women in the splendor
:r of their dress?
on We are all getting, of 'late ypars, to a
med 'monotonous uniform of 4ark co}ors. We
its shrink even fromi a too gay flower or ribbon
life to brighten our sombre robes. But Roman
eer women have no such .scruples, and the
se. ,rainbow scarfs, the bright plumes' and
(d0 ori,amepts they wesr, are -pretty? to see,
icy and'seemn suited to tis sunny air. Anid
to the life and variety of the streets is their
ledl charna to a Northerni mind. Even while I
mclh write, a banud sounds in the distance, and I
>os. see dlown the long street a troop of gay
lng soldiers. A half hour ago, a vague sonor
rp- ous chanting rose to our windows, and be
A low was the long line of priests bearing the
m,dl deeid t9 hIs home. All in brown robes,
un- barefoot, and bearing long wax tapers,
e'- thieir~ chant, their dark procession, had in
ent it something weird and impressive. But
eit the charm of the (dead city one feels most,
sti p)erhaps, from the p)ublic pleasuire-grounds
tiedon- thq fincian 11111. The; vipon of alji
to these doines and spires rising at. One's teet,
a4e the picturesque cornfusion of majestic ruin
y'at and muodern shabbhwess, and bev9ncIil, becy
tial even of the great dome of St. lPeter's which
ave crowvns the distance, the Alban' hills stand
Its ing up, agait;the blue-all shiip ts, cal,cq
l-lated to touch the. anost presaio; and' the
proper historic emotions for which so often
one ph.ies ibl.vain come of thomp~elves.
Cd india as a IVhesat Producer.
Wi The amount of wjpat sent;rpm India to
rn. England in 1877 has given rise to the bell
on that w4~bin a few 'years'1Englapd 'woul5l lie'
ets. practically in(lependent Qf Anperica with
ate regard to this element of her food supply.
cry Tho '.l1iaras Mail dap4testtlwp.proposiorjj
9p, alleging that "tjheg fact l,' TIndia exports
ilik not because she has a surplus, but because
ago' the peopl.o; ure too. poptQ- re4ig'4e~ food
aid, now exported. Wete,the people able to af
tula ford it, every. pound of grain produced
toUtli i'n)abltut o this prid pyd t
for know what a really hearty .ap4 ptisfactory
pig mecalls from year?send toyear'a end. Ini bad
ail ras th6 ouftivatr. have to pay ?4,500,000
Sfl 1 r go t e ab'eOdlig'
dd( to thie~ ttgtore.Jg A o,peih..9 the
oor c.othting of.the. ppolpfor tIe cotton fabrics
of wvorn are mainly of -Lahbashird '*eaving.
the As rpgards;.therwi4et, trade,fro~ Mlnorth,
the, west provides;, it is clear tht th le gryea(
the export for a .time.was due the rpeople
gg's .parting with' their usual r4sorve. What
ver, 'has been th W ito gof
urn of the falktfre of' nleha? W ir tio e~
Co a r tn.rl
Stlonister Ieeberge,
A warn Winter, like the one just past,
lessens the quantity of ice formed in these
lattitudeA, but it very much Increases the
.quantity which comes floating down from
the regions of endless cold, by causing. the
breaking up of the illimitable fields of Polar
Ice. Consequently, unless those charged
with the care of ocean steamers are ex
eeptioually watchful, disasters caused by
collisions with floating ice may be confl
dently expected, in unusual numabers during
the approaching season. Those accustom
ed to the sea do not need to be told how
dangerous are collisions with Ice; but land
lubbers, who would look with surprise at
a sheet of lcd over three feet thick and a
few 41und: square feet in area can
scarcely imagiue the congealed masses
which soinetieios lie across the paths of
the ocean fleet. The berg with which
tho Arizona collided was 500 feet long and
100 feet high above the water. Cone
(uently, it extended 200 feet below the
surface, and made a inass as solid and
nearly as dangerous as a sunken rock on
the charts. lut that was only a baby Ice
berg. 'Iliere is a record of ono 150 feet
high, fifty miles long, and 4 miles broad
and tiere are well authenticated reports
of others 801 feet high. Such floating is
lands are not t>orn of onle year's cold, even
s4ch as 18 found at the Iole itself. Their
growth is as low as ihat of Alpine glaciers,
but while the mr de gi'ce at last flows
quietly through a beatilful valley in a gon
tie stream like the Arveyron, the Polar
glaciers thrust themselves forward into the
depths of the sea, whose rough enibrace is
followed by thle "'eaving" of the iceberg.
Sometimes they are met in large numbers,
and then the ship nitty be 4lnipped" be
tween thein, and as they sometimes roll
over, a ship Is scurcely safe within a radius
of 100 yards of one. Sheet ice is less dan
gerous than icebergs, for the reason that it
breaks up sooner. It is formed during a
single Winter, and at the approachof Sum
iner the "flelds" flow southward. As the
"1f1olds beconno broken into smaller iasses.
they are called "floes." "Floes" crowded
together are called "pack-ice," and wheu
the cuirent draws then out into an elon
gated form they are called "'stream ice."
A further separation of the maises results
in "drift ice." In April 1875, the .lyova
Scotia's oflcers reported an ice field along
which the steamer skirted five hours, and
finally altered her course to esespe it.
It extended as far as the eye could reach
with glasses from the inast-head.
"1Pleise. nistcr, what tine (os this
boat leave?" The tone was one of r-elan
choly. The voice, because of its gentleness
and pleading, causod a gentle reporter
to reply, "In one hour ny lad."
nh~~~ ~~ o' - t d' ie."SYbe$fAR
lamp from tho further end of the leyee shed
a ray on his, countenance, which, as he
spoke, seemed contorted with pain.
"You have been iyeeplng, my boy. Are
you hurti"
"O1h, sir, if you only knqw." caie the
pain-froighted reply. "1 am no good, no
longer. I think I'm gobig to die. Oh-o-o I
and the poor little follow with suffering.
i'm1111 only a newsboy," lie continued, "but
I ain't no good no longer. I just got iII
the way of that ferry as it-Oh-o-ol -was
roundin' to and crushed my legs between
the boat an the levee here. And I'm
hurted all over. Oh, sir, I think I can't
live long.- My name Is Ted. I live at St.
Joe. Tell 'em to bury me there. I have
no home sir. I have no mother nor father
nor sister. But I come lip here hopin' to
make a livin', but the ther newsboys all
fight me and I couldn't (to It. and now sir,
.Just as I was golu' back-Oh-o-o-o 1-I
was hurted this 'ere way. I think It's hard,
sir. I'mn-Oh-o-o-ol-I'm--'a-d-y-i-n'
Gi--o.d''--and the lifeless form of poor1
little Ted fell from the elbow that had
llfted it, to the plank seat on wich he was
lying.
' As the (leek hands camne out they lifted
the form of poor little Ted andi took it
aboard.
Tne Sant Franiae~.o Vigiant, Cornaittee of
1850.
In 18501 a great excItement prevailed ina
San Franeleco caused by the summary ex
ecution of Whittaker and MicKenzie, twoa
members of the "hounds" association, the
predecessors of the present, "floodlutns"
In September of that year, repeated strokes
of the bell summoned the vigilantes to t
their headquarters in a couple of frame
warehouses, with. gables *on the street, ina
the lofts of which their meetings worea
held, and which were furnished with twoi
p)rojecting booms over the walk below for
hoisting in goods. In ti case the meet- t
log was called to consider the foul murder I
of a peaceful merchant, whose store on the f
wharf had beek entered, his throat cut; atnd
a stife contaInIng a large a 'rount of gold
dust and money lowered into a beat and
carried off at the hour of 2 o'clock p. m. I
Although the robbers and murderers hadc
bees arrested and were in prison, it was
well known that from measmres which had
been taken thdy would escapeo unharmed
from the grip of the law. After the pro
ceedings at the meeting held In the loft, a
finer battalion than that which assembled
and formed in the street below could not
have been seen on that doast at the titme,.
The march to the jail, the securing of the 1
tiwb Botany Bay men, despite the bravado
of 'the Sheriff and inyrmidons, occupieda
searcely half an hour, and -the culprits,
Whittaker inid M6Ke'ndA, Were arraighed i
before Judttg4 Lynch .at the lofta of the
viglantes. Thi,er trial occupied about
two hioure more,- and they wore thens d61ib-<
erately sentenged to death by hanging witl ib
tWenty minut. * Kwasi all dobCfral
atnd without heat or yassion by the authorl- I
ties appointed 'by the inceting. In the I
presence of tbe vast throng assembled, thme I
iulp rita oonfdeed their gu lIt of thme murder
amid robbery. TIlf en came the execution.
A: stltablb rbI1eWs gro4ffred 'and' rbve '
tldoutgh the shles loa it te pr-ojecting
b4em', , at thle opda doors opf the lofWe
andl fof-t and aff, the hitter through leading
blocks, so that the whole crowd could1 h1pld
on, and no,ne present wore anfitered 'te' he I
exempt fro6,Iis'sliarc of theoeen n pun
ishiint.td be inetdd out'to the' onitli&d
otimninald. And no0w an un)fOrBeen diffid Ity
presented itself. Although there were
many old seamed na the aombltie none
ofer ksha tozial a hknMe
ship othier than for the us alMIu
)a NEWS IN BRIEF.
cc -
r10 -There are forty-six rolling mills In
d, Oh lo, thirty-two of which are in opera.
le tion.
r; -Mary Anderson first appeared upon
a's the stage In 1875, in Louisville, Ken
, tucky.
9 -r-Peinnsylva'ila's total debt Is $22,
Is 290,008, of which $800,718 bears no in
It terest.
- -The first Protestant church in
d Amnnrica was built at lingham, Mss-.
11 it,l~1
-Shipnents of American hay to
I1tigland huve resulted in remuneratIV6
returns.
-Dr. Ir. J. Glenn, of California, re
it alized $2,210,000 from. his wheat crop
'0 last year.
-The coinage at the United State
d inints during January amounted to
d $9,576,500.
-Norfolk, Va., was burned by the
Eiglish, ander Lord Dunmore, in Jan
tiary, 1770.
-11enry Abbey will make over $1,.
000 as his share of Lhe Lotta business
this season.
r -An immense gucose factory 1s soon
, to be estaoiliied in Chicago with a cap
a ital of $5,000,000.
-Mississippi was the banner cotton
t State last year, having raised 76,000
, bales,more thau Texas.
-During ,the eight years in which
y 'T'hos. Jellurson practiced law, he was
- eiployed in 948 cases.
e -The oil producers' contribution to
the liish relief fund at last atcotaunta
I aptiounted to O,000 barrels.
-Butler, ;Bm.ler county, Pa., has a
cheese factory, and the milk of 500
cow? Is conv4.rted into cheesE.
f -The Independent Catholic church,
111iop blacNanara's, in said to have
2,000 iiembers in New York city.
-Edison sold his patent on the oleo
tric inotograph- to the Western Union
Telegrapli Coipany, for $100,000.
-Seventy-six towns In Conneeteut
(about one-half tie State) have voted
. against licensing the sala of liquor.
-Work has been begun on the see
i ond shaft of the Hludsoni River Tinnel
- at the foot of Fifteenth strec , Jerse
-City.
I -The number of building permits
issued Ii Boston since the year opetied
is twice that Issued in the saine period
of 1879.
-From the Whitsell peach orchard,
near I,.ebanozi, Ky.. there was jiold
year before last $63,000 worth of
peablh us.,
-$20,0,0l.0 will be i..ade this year
by Southern planters by the rise in
crops over what they expected to get
for them.
-Last year twelvi persons in the
Iu%g tgip.s *.an rnnm av.ani aa~
-Talnage has aslked. all his frieuids
in all parts of the world to seid him $1
to pay ins church debt of $50,000. And
they are doing it.
-Dead:wt od. counts up its Qiortality
(tri ig 1879 at 182, of whorM 22 were
killed ty aculdent, 5 in quarrels, while
3 committed suiloide.
-KanIsas claims a population of 1,
000,000, and that immigration will in
crease It to 1,100,000 before the census
of 1880 Is completed.
-It is estimated that 50,000 men and
wonen are employed in Pniladelphia
in the inanufacture of clothing, making
20,000,000 suits a year.
-Tie packages of tomatoes put up
In 1b79 in the United States reached the
total of 19,0o8,u00, of which New Jer
soy put up 6,502,000 cans.
-A collection of portraits of the Se,
reta ries oi the Treasury has been begun
in Washington. F'or each of these
portraits tlieUovernment pays about
$500.
-It is said that in order to seeuro
Prinlcess Stephanie p)recedenee of all
other crown princesses. Prince -Ru
dolphi will be annoinred king of Hug,
gary after the wedding.
-A Maine psper says that 819,000
tonia of lee have been stored this winter
froth the Kenebec River, between Hal
Iowe,ll and Merry meeting Bay, .and
below the bay 200,000 tons riore.
-Th'ie Agricultural Departmant esti.
Imates tihe increase in the value of the
crops raised in 1879 over those of the
jfevious year at $415,000,000. The
p)rlce.of real est.ite has been en'huadeed
during the same time about $1,000,000,
000.
-According to the last census, Japan
has a population of 84,803,404 inhabl
Itants. The capital of the Emnp ire,
T'okio, or as it -is otherwise called,
I Yeddo, had at the end of 1879 ii popu..
I ationi of,1,066,771.
-Trhe flest horned -cattle brought tio
meri er imortd b Co9mius
of Elibde Islahd contained uny rd.of
100 cows, and sold 13,000 pounds o~
obieese, besiden butJ.er, buUpoks gnd
'-O th 57l i,ti Peers 478 have
se'ats fIn the House of LIris, 484 by.
personal right and 441 iy ectiobyl8 by
the Peers of Seo'ilahd and -28 by the
Peers of .Ireland; whileth13
ages of which the holders are iog
isiators at-' presenf/ ard'!diet ibut
Samong the Peeressek and.the-Perg-of
Scotland and Ireland. - - ,
-The Duke -of Newcastle, the:Mare
qui ofAulesyt ndthe Earlo,ofp
whiI died, within .the year, ere h
tiizee mos heailyousra
Enln,the companiea b'eiffghit1
$9050,000, while etwo other "n4blemen
who have juet glil, ig, ee t4
t ,150,000.in the same companiegs
-Th~e hiet proids of tho". We t r
UhOlon Telegrap>h donly ''fo
i three -months ending Septemnboeit th
r 1879, weo $,387 -j?,Silwtug 'a ~9l~
b ainandially'of seldtrAG1nmolnetI*i*#
-i4On,the21stbfi3bPufy )1880tse
a oust ot4
.;OtiO total *og ybd'Aje;.
its name, and being very peculiar--sev
round turns on the standing part and thr
ioops-fow satlors can makq it. hc
was, however, an old ofiicer in the crow
who bad probably learned to inake t
knot whon a middy, as these young go
tlene are in the habit of carrying a ropi
end during the period of their probatio
and practiqing all the various knots, bend
ditches, etc., and the hangman's knot w
inade,and turned out again for an old at
to make finally for f1e. A boatswait
call sounded, #ll tailed on to the whips, at
with "a long pull, a strong pull, aid a pi
together," the rope drew taut, and tl
manacled and condemned criminals, wi
m1ufiled faces, were drawn out of the (oo
sud up to the toggles above their head
They died in afew minutes, alniost,wltho
struggling, but the swinging bodies we
left suspended, a warning to ovildoers. f
several hours, their fate. drawing forth
long discussion among the immense cron
which filled- the street from end to en
givint place to each other beneath ti
swaying cprpses. .The vigilqntes relai
ed tuider arms in the lofts until sto
set, whch'the bodies were towered'and di
livtred t6 the custody of their friend
Then the battalion again paraded anid wi
disnissed, the men dispersing to the
homes, ready to assemble again if necdet
iind the vigilance commitee soon became
part of the past history of California.
panic seized on the arrogant and Insoler
"hounds," their organization was broker
ind for weeks afterward every ship leavin
lhe port sailed freighted with Botany Ba
non, terror stricken at the violent and rt
pressive imeasures of the Yankee Judg
Lynch, and the prompt and retributive ji
ice of this "blarsted country." The legi
;enlemuen of the city tried hard to 'vi
licate the laws" .by attempts looking to th
irrest of the leading in of the vigilantes
lilt public opiniont gave a Ve'dict, C
'served them rightly," anti frowned dow
he movement, and the city and State r<
unied its wonted calmnes in tinke, to 1as
or several years.
Faheranai', Peris.
On one of the vessels tint escaped de
truction in the memorable gale of Feb. 24
802, was a young man who then made hi
Irst and last trip to the Ueorges. Iis ex
>erlences effectually cured him of his pas
Ion for the sea; The old skippers hi
ried to dissuade him from going, but h
vas eager and ambitious. His vdsel start
d from port on the 14th, and in twenty
our huurs they sighted the fleet on thi
lanka,. riding, at anchor. The weathe
vas clear and fine. Men were at the rail
uling in fish. Hoon the schooner was a
nchor. Although the fishing was ver3
xciting, the young man suffered muel
rom the cold as Ie stood at the rail. Wher
e hauled in lils first halibut the stewar
ewarded him with a pot of hot coffee anc
rat Omas.. noe faoSm"d
ca rough. The vessel tossed like coci
ftelle. . Everythlug loQked wild, and a
o'clock the skipper began to grow lin
asy. The sky grew inky black, the Nvit
'ocred to the northeast and increased It
Iolqnce. Then snow began to fall. Th(
kippor ordered that ton fathoms more o
able be l)qd out. Lights on the surround.
ig vessels niade a Weird picture. Part o
lie crew went to bed, but they could no
leep. At midnight the gale was at it,
eight. 'rte wind shrieked through th<
ordago and the waves leaped and roared.
'et, the crew showed no fear. They werc
1i on deck, keenly watching. The novic<
ras sick of his venture; but suppressed aI
roll as he pould all signs of terror. Hli
hun, old Bon, had placed a hatchet near
be windlass in readtfiess to cut the anchol
able. The greatest danger was from pos.
Ible colli ion with other vessels shouk
lboy break their cables'. One large vesse:
roke and camne down with terriflc velocity,
ut sihe passed without a collision. Jus'
itor daylight, and while the crew wer<
sting breakfast, tho skipper sang out
'Ther' a vessel adrift right ahead of us
tand 1y with your hiatehb&, but don't cut
Il you hear the word I" Old llen was al
is post. le could be trusted, and al
pew it. All eyes were on tIme flying crafi.
was a fearful moment, but none of, the
row flinched, Bhe was heading 'directli
or th'e apparently domed vessel. But
he passed by with the swiftness of a gull
o near' thaI the sailors could have sprang
board her. 'f'he faces of tue crow ,weri
rhito and terror-stricken. She sped or
ad struck another vessel. The raging
raters closed over both. Twice durng
it day the vessel narrowly escaped a liki
anger, but her anchors hold, fast, and a
cudown the gale moderated. The youni
alier hoped that the skipper would heav
tp and start for home, lint much to hi;
isappolutment the crow .coolly got ou
ieir lines and went to fishing again, just a
timthrb had l3ooen mlo storm. Tney fishet
or aniother week, and sailed (or home, t,
ad the town in a pauld '6ver the loss o
fteen vesels and '120 ";nen. When ti
oung man reached horme ho was tolkl thai
0 had grown much older in the few week
f his absence.
Stainpin' by Fie. :
The poetoffiee authorities think they hasv
rrived at a practical and thorough solutiom
I the qqestion of pretenting thesecond us
if postage-stam 'd, which [e a fraud that ha
een practiced bywishing off the ink with
ids after the staniping of a first use. Per
ons engaged in ti cheating of the govern
tent hav# been very ingenious in devisu.nj
riode of doing fhie tmnlewful *ashing. 2d
ow process of cancellation hsbe'en'invent
d, and is to be brought into use in the post
flee. It is to scorch the stampS. Spool
aens of the nu* procua show verf-effect
vo,work gainst the fraud of second use' o
Lbsolutely hidellible. The imprint mad
a just th'e same as* that titdoby~ the in
tamp, except that it is slightly burned c
corohed, ingtopd of botg atn ihik im rei
lou The new' stariup is'heated bgwth
~it 4eing'thth,' toalloir ot'hofh'.tte
eating and mapid'Oooling. If is rsed thi
an1o sean ink'stin~ lut witht a s'avih5 C
Ime that wrill enable, he persob uusig itto d
it least twie the work that the' ink statm
diad. In Using tieo' Iatt'er ft-travels bx
4Ween th4 iMter and tho sletters beln
tamped, *iWi'ttktib'.1ow stdenip the opern
ion will be a continuous rising and fidllin
&If6 W illelied. lts An besed in all Oft
esa where gas is used. Ah.e riOie