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- . .- -. II-WEEKLY EDITION. WINNSBORO, S. C., APRIL 6, 1880. VOL. IV.-NO. 42 EMIGRANf8. Silver and gold, silver and gold! Fqr the sun's dusk red in the western fold Tolls that the end of a day draws nigh, And the clouds they grow bolder along the sky. Silver and gold, silver and gold For the moon in the East is a queen to behold, As she reigns with her spells o'er the calm, sweet night, Holding tremulous sceptre whore ghosts walk white. Silver now-molten meets ebbing of gold, On a wandering isle without a foothold; A vessel alone on the lonely soas, Stirred with the sigh of the fanciful breeze. Moonbeams and sunbeams, silver and gold! And they toyed with the bark as she idly rolltd On the silent waters that shadowy grew, And the night-gloom fell, and the stars stole through. Silver and gold, silver and gold And the sun that is wasted in cloudland cold Throws a purple pal'o'elia woman's face. Where death's colorles,e Oigers arb'bn1bothing pain's trace. . . " . .. Moonber.ams and sunbeams, silver and gold The young is come in place of the old, A seal set on lips that have said thel r last word. And lips that no'er opened before are stirred. Lights of earth, light of heaven, shower silver and gold. Come aboard, the great ship is a traveler bold' 'fw light and moonlight, in soft mantle hide.= One that 4anishes silently o'er the ship sil'de. Silver and gold, silver and gold- - The sun is lost in the wide aa-wold, The vail falls over ihe mother's head, On a journo now is the traveler-sped. Silver and gold, silver and gold 'T'he waves, as if bells by the star rays knolled. Ring qf deatji,-and of ghosts t,hat dance all. in white, And the babe's cry breaks on the calm, sweet iight. Moonbrams and sunbeams, silver and gold; A life is hidt on, .a life doth unfold; One goeth hence tp a brightness afar, One hath found the way hero by the light of a star. How He Learnt His Lesson. Oh, what liave' I done I - What have I done I" exclaimed Nellie, under her breath, as sad and dismayed she hurried up the garden path. "He will never be kind to me any .more. How could I have said such a thing I" And her hands trembled so that she could scarcely lift the latch of the 91d fashioned ddbr, and she turned away to ,qtiet librself a little before going in. Nellie glanced up at the rambling old farm-house, "which had been her home for many years. How she loved it I Every nook and corner that it contained was dear to her.; "I have it, and all in it, left to m1e," sle said, in a soft, sad tone; "and dear father and mother, too. A happy, happy home it has always been, and I am thankfnl for it I But, oh, Edward, how could you be so un kind? Oh, how could you ?" Site listened, fancying she could hear his departing footsteps yet. And perhaps she might have done so. With lofty looks and disdainful curve of his rathier thin lips, lhe was pnl his way home along the winding lanes, He wvas a man of five and .thirty, while pTe,11p was scarcely twenty. She was simple and in nocent as a child; but lhe had Jeavunt-tiany a lesson in the school of life ore this. And one lesson which Edward Melville prided hiniseif en havinag learnt was the value of money. lie was a bachelor, andl so he made up his ind he would remain until lhe could find a woman with money who ivouki be his wife. He himself was a country doctor, and, with a very smalil, and not in creasing practice;, it would never do to .marry and have nothing but that to depend upon, lie told himself. - He had geanerally escortedl Neille to her own dloor, after their, mevni.ng. walks, .bui, this evening lie had left her just outside the gate. Ho was her aunt's step son. She had known nuli aln i young Vfe. at d had; always called himt dousin Edward, all uan stispielous of thelfeelingi which was ;'gradu * ally ,gs,thering strength, withini her. ,heaart, tIll ti evening. And Edward, for lis part, . had always treated her as a riere chlQ, "You will go to meet Miss Basset, I sup pose, Nehie t''ingqfjed haer mi4th4rz. "Oh, yes, mqi Uor. EdwvidNwas g d enough to say that he would drive me to the station in his carriage, and he will drive us both home, too. He says that a rich young lady like Miss Basset will not care to walk a mile along our lovely lane# Is sure." Perhaps t)iere was thte slgY%'s~~ ' tone of sarcasm In Netheo's vo for i maothier glanced at huea'dIf n suir ise wit with it goodI as up the subjecet fort to be. g Outwardly th over. At ho on his guard, -shigbtly'NIeepling hitn., - Mis Basset was an old :schoolmiate of wlctNellie called home. The train steamed in. There was pret ty Oracle Basset's face at a parlor-car win dow; and in a few moments she was seated in the carriage beside Edward, chattig to and laughing with him as if she had known him for years; and Nellie had taken the seat behindk And that was not the only drive they had, nor the only evening they spent in chatting and laughing. Nellie, her father and mother-all three, and many of the neighbors besides, soon saw what it would come to. And Nellie grew older and graver clay by (lay. But as yet she kept her own secret, and she hoped more and more that Edward had forgotten her foolish, thoughtless words on a certain moonlight night, now sonic seven or eight weeks ago. At last the engagement was announced. Oracle Basset had no friends to interfere with her, and flattered with Edward's at tentions, and really believing that she lov ed him "qite enough for happiness," she lItad agreed that. the marriage should take l'lace as-soo as all needful arrangements could be made. l'he wedding was over. The honeymoon was over also, and Mrs. Melville, richly dressed, and looking very lovely, with Ed ward as an attentive and devoted husband beside her, was receiving her guests. Nellie was among them. She was paler than usual, and her free, happy, girlish langh. wa gone for cyer. Yet she, too, looked lovely this afternoon, in her pretty blue silk dross and cottage bonnet, and there was a beauty In the expression of her gentle young face that went far beyond any mere beauty of feature. Only a few weeks passed. Nellie was invited to dine with them. After dinner they Were maving habbdt tholrawing-room, and Gracle was exhibiting to Nellie some choice bouquets of flowers which had been sent to her that morning. They had all been arranged on one table, in accordance with a whim of the young wife, who de clared that the the cilet of their richness and color was lost when they were scatter ed. But Edward had not heard hor-say this. "Let me put this blue vase here, Oracle," he unwittingly began, removing It, as he spoke, to anot1 er table. There; it shows to advantage now !" Gracle, with heightened color, deliber ately walked to the table, and put the vase in its former position. "It is quite out of the way, there 1" she said stiffly, 'and this is where I wish It to be Edward." "How great a matter a little fire kind leth I" Edward's color also rose, yet he did not look angry. "And I wish that it should stand here," he returned, once more taking up the vase; and then lie added, half reproachfully, half. playfully, "You pronised to obey me. Gracio. This proved to be only the beginning of small discomforts and disagrcineits. Many months passed, Oracle grew more Imperious than ever; Edward's lace lost all its brightness, and lie seemed day by day to grow old, silent and sad. ' And'wh4n Nellie went to see th'em now she found except Oracle expected visitors she took very little pains with herself, re marking sometimes to Nellie as they went downstairs for' the evening. "I have not dressed, Nellie. 0Of course you don't mi:d, and thieres nobody else but Edward." Nobody but Edward ! Love would have made him all the world to Nelle. "I would wear my prettiest dresses for miy husband, Gracle," she said. "As for other people, they might go. What should I care for them ?" But Gracle, only frowned for rep)ly. Oracle had a lIttle dlanghiter, hut instead of rejoIcing i Fdwards's house, there was bitter sorrow, gnd as the young husband knelt by the bedside of his unconscious wife lie felt all the old love for her filling his hart duab3dre But what will even the tenderest love ayl in lloutra lice these? O racle's last mo mofi 'g Werel.nahnered, and Ahe passed away, leaving her little one to Nellhe. And Edward, when the fhrst benuimbing influehee of his grief was over,- sold his' practice-he 1.id nuo need of, I now--and went abroad. . Elh.teen months passed away. A snai an ar (d stoQd- at the gate of ttl alri ut 1. A little toddlling crea tare ran down the path, heH' air curls flying in the wind. Trho stranger took lher ini his arms. "MKsyour name, little one? V? lvie she told h,n, "Grp c'he covered her little fpce kisses. But who -is' this, kfor her?, hle said and slid do~' . oyl ing very rapidly tco $er ace.. ads with her; then kq*pms 51 taken, he lcd herh1t' hi me 'now, once more1 l~thh6 O~Mt1hat you love me better tihidi any one else in the world---?" Nelle. swlftjy covered his mouth withi .hephljda)tW binIgg Ithiha14ye her' cheeks. afgitpEdaraydopfeno ,forgEtu'that I eir o !" dh ~Ioq~ o 0M 4 e dH6)m g Never mind Nellie's reply. Two months from that day she became Edward's wife, and he never had the smallest need to re mind her that she had promised to obey him, simply because she loved him, and to do as he wished was'a pleasure. And having at great risk and cost learn ed his lesson, Edwird ft- ove to teach it to others, and to more than one young man he gave in confidence the advice: "If you wish to be happy, narry only a wonan that loves you. Neither money, nor poi tion, nor anything else, can bear the least comparison with love, which will outlive them all." The Awful Majety of the Law. One of the oficials of Justice Alley, of Detroit, was the other day called upon by an old gray-headed farmer and his wife, together with a neighbor, and outside the door they hitched an old half-blind horse whose cash value was reckoned at $25. "You see," explained the old far.ner "naybur Jones wants to buy the old hoss out there, but he wants a bill o' sale nigned by wife and I. We want you to draw up one for us." The Justice reached down one of the printed blanks, filled it out, and thon said: "Now you listen while I read this over and see if it is all right. All ready now: ' 'now all men by these presents. That "Presents! - Why, I'm not going to pre sent himi with that hossl" interrupted the farmer. 'And we don't want any present from him!" added the wife. "That's all right-only a legal forni," exclaimed his Honor. Listen: "County Wayne -first part---con sideration---sum of $25-grant----bar gain and sell party- second part his executors, administrators-." "I haven't got any executors or adnminis trators!" interrupted neighbor Jones. "No;. all lie's got is a wife and two girls!" added the owner of the horse. "All form-all mere form," explained the justice, and :e went on: "And assigns forever-covenant and agi ce- defend the same--heirs, execu tors and administrators--" "William, I shall never sign no such paper I" suddenly exclaimed the wife as she rose np. "Nor I, eitherl" stoutly replied the hus band. "Why, I'd shake in my boots every time I met a constable!" "It is all mere form and according to law," explained his Hloner. "All bills of sale read this way." "ILooks to me as if it was sort o' tangled up," said neighbor Jones. "The old hose is blind In one eye, and how can they war rant him?" "And what has this hoss-sale got to do with his heirs and covenants?" inquiredL the old man, "I won't sign-I won't have a thing to do with it!" exclaimed the wife, as she walked around. "We've always kept clear of the law, and we ain't going to get into no scrape and lose our farm now--not if we know it!" The more the justice tried to explain the bigger the words looked, and the trio finally walked out. While they were unhitching the horse along came a house-painter, and when he had heard their story he picked up a piece of paper in the alley, pulled out a stub of a pencil, and wrote, - "We hereby sell this horse to Joan Jones for $25, cash down. We raised him from a colt, and his name is Andrew Jackson. "(Signed) The paper was signed, passed over with the horse, and as the farmer received the money he said: "That's all there is to It, law or no law, sad it didn't take two minutes. Why, I'd have taken Andrew Jackson back home and knocked himi In the head aforo I'd put liy name to that paper binding us to keep on covenanting and agreeing anid assigning and administrating a whole lifetime on one old hose!" Hasty Burials. We are glad to see that attentioii is at last being directed to the haste with which sup posed corpses are being put on iee, and huirriedl away to burial. Lhere is only one trood that can result froml the celerity with which people supp)osed to be (lead are ice packed; it is, that should they not at tile time be dead, they are certainly frozen to death cre the mloment of interment. Hobr rible as thii: is, it is much less horrible than being buried alive.- It is thme general igno rance of p)eople, and not, want .of proper sensibility, that causes them to comply so teadily with the usages of burying a body withiinsthree days after death. .In this way, where ice has not been abundantly supplied, people who are believed by their friends to be dead, bult whio bear upon them mioro t:han one indieationi of lurking life,' are hur rlied to the tomb. We do not call attention to these probabllines fromi any dhesire t'o awakeni a morbid sensation upon the sub jept. We do not take the absurd ground that out of all tihe people buried the lar-ger proportiotiare buried alive. But we do as egrt that it is not Impossible that a case of th s kind somotim'es happens, simply be cause -the relatives of the unfortunaloteca turp ai'e too laagorant to detect the subtle signs of 'a vitality that might be reawaken ed. Pig. At. the luyt opera ball. A young maii du rheltletNANoqde is seated in a cbrner and does not appear much more amused than doesatheidominao who accompanies hhn. -A bol (yqsbr-awer of ggntiQ heIht begins % ~ofun at'h&ennuI[dd cp e, VQ away,~ f bthii"m '' said the gendeImIw,.tAyou are Alpsy, . gos and mind r~ bu ess.". !"eamed the brairler, "go to grass./. andy I j6tt wrohid not dare to say A crovd gathred arnd. "See here," said the young man, without noim.."yo r1pietty tilt, you believo y6i lI'iiglit btiobg. .Vem'y well; there Is one thing you can't do I' "What! Itl-botr you a hunimdred franes I" The young man drew off his boot, then a slk stocking, and rested' a white fopt,opi e s liibfpctce eactin he braWlo bhe6ms uriglredj ahId then tried to The heathen Chinee at Home. There are some facts in regard to the re sult of six or seven thotsand years of Chi nese civilization. Just think of it. ''here is not a road in all of tl broad expense of populous China where e en a wheelbarrow could be driven or a hortsT. led except around Shanghai, Ad here the 1nglish have con structed them. They ht ve no cemeteries; no tombstones mark and honor their last resting places on earth. Those who own private gardens bury their dead and those of their friends therein. Those who have no gardens or plots of ground lay the bodies of the dead in rough b%xes on the surface of open lik4ds. The Chinese regard the souls of their ancestry as links in the length of a great chain which I hey say enables them to reach up to the supreme source of life and ruler of the universe. This is the reason why these remarkably kd en, quick witted peopte will not tolerate the con struc+ion of a railroad win their country. They declare that the locomotives and rattling trains would cdttainly violate the sacred charm miluencedin their behalf by causing the abrupt scated iight of their ancestry who are ever h Vering aronvd and over them. They have' o banks in China, and no coin of value ex ept our silver and that of Mexico. They h11 e no lawyers, but they have a perfect, rigity enforced system of law and order; Th principals alone can plead their eases. ', ic first, social rank in China can only be attained by literary merit. All Chinamen cn read and write, because education is colt)ulsory. Every man in China is free to, complete for a li terary degree, and last year 107,000 candi dates for this honor were entered at Canton for examination. Those of this large number who passed muster then are free again to advance to the higher national grade competition at Pekin, annually held there, and when they pass this ordeal they become Alandarins andi live in high estate at the public expense. Vlo military man is permitted to aspire to ItIese literary honor in China. . This annual selections from the whole Chinese people of its rulers, who re presents its best thought and mental power, has probably been the great and potent fac tor of their remarkable, vitality and preser vation as a nation, but at the eamo time it Increases the wonder that they should have stood still on the avenue of human progress for thousands of years. Herat., This city stands on the Heri River, on the slope of the HIindoo Koosh, and conlse quently in the northwest corner of Afghani stan. Due north, at a distance of abont 230 miles, Is Mery ; due east, at a distance of nearly 400 miles, is Cabul; considerably to the southeast, and almost equi-distant from Cabul and Herat, Is Candahar. If our readers want a war map which will convey a fair idea of the situation from a strategical and political point of view, let them suppose a capital -L mounted on top of a capital V ; Mery Will be at the top of the L, Herat at the anglo, and Cabul at the horizontal extremity of the letter, while Candahar will be down at the angle of the V. CabuI-nay-be. -eliinated from the situation, for thotigtithere are direct roads between it i'nd Herat, the route by Malmana to the north of the Iazarch mountains Is circuitous and dillicult, and that through the Hazarch country Is egnally roundabout and more arduous. The main route, and, so far as Is known, the only road by which ma large force could be moved from Cabul to Ilerat runs through Candahar. From Candahar to IHerat is about three hundred miles in a direct line; the road, however, is not very direct, and for military purposes the distance may be called 850 miles. The road from Mery is so nearly straight as to be less than 250 miles long ; It is a good one, being even at its worst part, where it crosses the Hazrat-i-Baba Pass about thirty miles north of Herat, p)racticable for all arms of the service, 1t traverses a fertile coun try, alnd runs for a great part of its length along tile valley of tihe river Kushk, so that, supplies andl water are very abundant. Whenever the race for Heorat beigins, If there Is a fair start, the Russians should get down tile perp)endicular of the L from Mcrv before the English can get up the thick side of the V from Candahmar. 'Thie position occupIied by Hlerat on the high road between India ami( Persia, the centre spot of an extensive and fertile valley, well watered by chi&nnels made fronl.A perennial si.ream. marks her out -as the nafural garden and granary of Central Asia. It is situated in a plain about 2500 feet above the sea, andl is fort,ified. with mud walls, presenting tile form of a square, each side of whichl is something under a ile in lenlgth. Tme streets are ill-built, narrow and dirty ; in dIeedi, the common saying of the place is, "'If dirt were to kill, where wvouldl we be?'' "Only nman Is vile" at Hecrat,, however, for niatture has do.ne everything for the city andl its enviroiis. The climate is tile finest in Asiai; only t,wo mionthIs of the twelve arc hlot, andi even then tile mercury rarely rises al'oyo 85 degs. in the shade. 'Thle nights are always cool, ofteni cold. '[Te Hermats have a proverb. "if the soil of Ispaai, the cool breezes of Herat and the1 waiters of Khlwarizin were In the same place there wvould be no0 such1 tiling as death.'' The waters of the lIe(ri,-Conolly deCscribedl in 1831 as the bes.t lie ever tastcd, and the fruits as the niost dleleiouis in flavor. Peo pie cnter time gardens and1( etst at will, being weighed as they pass in and . out and, chiargedi for the avoIrdupois gainled; a sann pie systemn, which that, sane wag. Nasir Ed dmii once (efied by filling Is pockets with pebbles and casting out ballast as lie took in ladin1g, so0 as to b)ring tlle sitonished( pro prietor into his debt. 'rie -4011 is extrabr diinily fertile, and .the orchards,.gard'ns, corn-fields and vineyairds stretch to tihe mountains, four iles away on the north and twelve on the south, and,along 4lie valley as far as tle eye can reach.i Ttaere are: extOfl slve mines of, iron and .leoad, only.worked at the surface, amid the schjnitors of iIerAt" are as famous In Central Asila.as its horses. Silk is spun there largely,.and, carpets of Wvool andi silk are:Aahutaq$pred. The ot,her articles of export are mflafna, assafte tida, guml, saffroni and4...pistachio nuts. Half a century ago it paid an apmnuaj reve nue of $450,000, ..9g( 14I.1esoji .declares that isnder l3ritisirrgle .theecompo to the Governmnent f!onw th9 4l.srt,qtwoulgi sqfii'co to pay the expenses 9fgarrisp$#ng.the pt;ip-I cipal ldeos. 9f ;Afg aigtts.1 Foster, WyhoI vis4heddierM i1 17 de$yr sed tlweci$y,as far purpassing CandahE lhj,tlAq extent,1 of it. 4uaets and the.yoIlh ofa its trdo sIjti; .lio spent mphlq,n. (~s. g.u i1 i0, is as p i is p)rais 'o deightfusUaoa, Lkj4n.J ness and phenQgie fettIIt a * o~ *% yf1(T ('i '~~, t of inhabitants is believed to be something under 40,000, though the encyclopudias call it "about 50,000.'" Herat, however, is only a shadow of its old splendid self. Its origih and early history are unknown or little known. ''here was a town there be fore Alexander, and the modern city stands on the site of one of the four cities of Arri au's "Aria"--Artakoana, Aria Metropolis, Candace and Sousia Akhala. The Persian chronicles not so very much later speak of Ilerl. the capital of Aria, as a place of conl siderable Inportance. in I157 the 'Turco mans captured and sacked and probably destroyed it, yet, when in 12:32 Uenghsi Khan took it after a siege of six months, it was a city of 12,000 shops, 350 schools, 1-14,000 ocupied dwellings, and 6000 baths, .caravanserais and water-mills. Of the in hatitants, 100,000 are said to have been slaughtered at this sec:nd sack. In 1:198, Airan iShah, and in 1417, Jelhan Shah, smote it severely, and twice in the sixteenth century it was attacked by the Usbecks. who were once biaten back alter a siege of eighteen niontis, and once succeeded in capturing and pillaging the city. When the Persians soon afterwards took the city, which they had always claimed as one of the four royal plhces of the Khorassan, it was "not only the richest city in Central Asia, but the resort of the greatest divines; philosophers, poets and historians oft the age. A fui'on, am lu lO 4)211. A very interesting account is given of the cerenonials observed by the Tabu people, Africa, in greeting one another. A most elaborate perfornmancu is gone through when two strangers meet in this wild coun try. Each of the performers covers all his face but his eyes with this turban, seizes his spear and throwing-iron (a curious bowering-like weapon with a long projeut ing prong on the concave margin), and thus prepared, the two appitoch one an other. At a distance of about six steps from one another they squat on their heels with spear upright in one hand and iron il the other. '1he one then asks "Iow do you do ?" about a dozen times by means of four dif'erent words having that meaning used alternately, the reply being varied of the use of two words Laha, or Killala. Then one of the two loudly sings the word "ihilla," which is returned by the other in a similar tone. Tle word is exchanged again and again, being commenced in a loud high pitched note anl gradually run (town the scale until It reaches a low bass murmur. When it has become so glow as scarcely to be heard, on a sudden it is shouted again in high key and the gamut is run through as before. '1htis goes on a very long while, the performers going through it as a strict matter of ceremony, and taking no interest In one another all the while, but looking round at the horizon or elsewhere during their vocal exertions. After a while various forms of the question "How are you ?" and the answer "Well," are introduced ; at last questions or other topics are brought. forward, although now and again the "ihilla" bursts out in the inid'at of them, but the series of notes in which it, is shouted becomes shorter and shorter. At last the ihilla is got rid of al together, and ordinary conversation be comes possible. Strangers do not shake hands, but acqualntances do. The cover ing of the face when greeting or meeting strangers is considered as a most important matter of etiquette. Vaterspouts on the sonild. Two fishermen of Greenport, L. I., de scribe an extraordinary phenomenon which they witnessed while on the Sound shore, opposite that village, on a recent afternoon. Their attention was first attracted by what seemed to be an unusual disturbance on the surface of the water, directly under a heavy cloud coining from windward, the wind blowing heavily from the northwest and a heavy surf rolling. The tops of the wvaves assumed the spiral ascending motion pecu liar to waterspouts, which Increased until the elevation was upward of fifty feet be fore the water took the cloud form. This was soon followed by a second, about a mile of! shore, similar to the first, but con siderably larger, Its height, judging from the angle of elevation being nearly a thou sand feet. Thle top of this also resolved into a fog or mIst dliretly under the cloud. Then, at a distance of about, four miles, a third one was plainly discernible, which seemed to meet the sky at the rear of the cloud, and which must have covered an area of several acres. All three of these sp)outs wecre moving with the wind, andl the first or smallest one subsided to the wvater level only a few rods from the beach. I i. mediately thaere was a sharp dash of rain, followed by a hail squall as the distulrbing cloud passed over, and when this subsided, so that a view of the Mound couild be ob iined1, the wvaterspouts had disappeared. So far as knowni, these were the only water spiouts ever seen in thme Mound. Not, Ptlue4 Fireworfts, In' Indiia I he husbhamahnan, being averse to toil ''that 'asks tough sinews," prefers to tick(le the surface of lils fields with a stick inistead of p)lowinlg them. To convince him of his error, an English plo0w was once im ported b)y ani enthusaiastic ofllcial, and a mumber of the cultivators of the neIghbor hood were invited to witness the great deeds of the new~ impllemnent. B3ullocks were so lemnly attached to it and urged to procee.d. Trhey refused, of course, and so moie.and more wvere add(ed, until at last the plow be. gani to move ; but whether from the inexp)e rience of the plowman or the conduct of t,he byillocks, or both combined, in such er ratic fashion that the nozzle was one in--I stant plunged (deep into the ground aind in the .next, jerked up violently, sending showvers of earth Int,o the air ; and t,he ox. hlbition was finally brought to a premature conclusion..by two of the bullocks joining In a single combat. TJhe peasants assem bled were very much impressed by the be ,ayior of the plow as a plow, but confided to t#uemr entertainer before leaving that they 'did not think mutch of it-as fireworks. %ue Left. . 4 tranigpr went Into a eigar.stora In CIn eingna i and asked for a cIgar. 'Mrs. Meyer set a box of the weed on the show-case. "Where. p Mr. Meyer ?" inquired, the~ en ilger se he'sortod over the,eiggys, 'Aroes the qtreet,"~ was theoreply.! "Adare, yop jef$ alone to lieep shop 1 Ssake i. - A . .onl$p ,p4Ie hh - njtf*/ Who14~ 'ii~' IRemarkable Accident. In Oil City recently a small number of persons witnessed the strange sight of about a quarter of a mile of railroad moving ra pidl' from its bed, evidently paying no at tention whatever to the injunction to take up Its bed whet started on a journey. It may be en ordinary occurrence for a rail road to start on a journey on its own hook, but if so it is not recorded. The Incline road, which is a quarter of a mile in length, is being taken up, preparatory to remove to l1'antqua. The track was a double one-I. e., four rails extended from the base to the sunmlt. ''he single rails were fastened to gether in st.ch a manner that each of the tour was continiois. The workmen had a teim of horses with which the string of rails was pulled down hill. After pulling it down a few yards they would remove three or four rails and then repeat. '1'hoy only repeated twice. 'T'lie stri' of rails weighed between liv-"- aid six tons. The ground along the roadway was frozen, the ties were covered with ice and everything was propitious for a sleigh ride, and the string of rails commenced sliding. The forenost rail-the one which had the lead, had been crooked like it sled-runner by last. sunn,er's sun. It led off beautifully, ap parently caring not a continental where it went. When it roached the foot of the declivity it. did not pauso in its mad career, but plunged across the street, extricating itself from the horses, and partially de molishing the harness in a little less than no time ; entered the side of Mrs. C'ase's barn, near the lloor, pranced through the barn like a streak of greased lighting, inadoe kindling-wood of a small outhouse aljoin ing, struck as stone wall back of V. James' kitchen, and finding it impregnable, raised itself to somethinghigher and better, struck the chimney of V. James' house, knocking about ten feet therefrom: thence passed onward and upward, reno\..ug shingles and a portion of the chimney on the three-story house occupied by ). Lindersmith, and finally rested with about flifty feet of the iron rail extending heavenward from the roof of liindersmith's house. The striking of the stone wall near the kitchen of James' hotel was a fortunale occurance, as its doing so prevented it from entering ttie kitchen, where girls were working at the time, and would doubtless have been injured. The thing might have c.mtinued on its mud carrer up Tunnel hill until this time, had not the line parted near where the horses were. The force with which the ati ing was moving may be realized from tfie fact that when it broke a portion of one of the rails was thrown about a hundred yards. Very fortunately no person was in jured, the horses were not badly hurt, and the damage of property was not ex tensive. African Farms. It is not to be imagined that these farms of the Boers are In any way comp+trable to what we understand In the ordinary appli dation of the tern. They are simply huge tracts of country, containing 6000 acres or more, with nothing but a small beacon of 'pilled up atnit aW. ort.al,n points to mark the line of boundary. In proportion to the amount of land held by each proprietor, there Is a very small piece under cultiva tion-at the most ten or twenty acres, and, in the majority of cases, two or three or none at all. The original method of iea suring these "runs" was somewhat prini tive. 8tarting from the last-made beacon, a Boer would ride in a straight line for half ] an hour as fast as his horse could carry hum, then halt, erect a beacon, and again ride ( away for half an hour in a direction at right angles to his first ride, and erect an- I other. The rectangle made by these two lines of ride would contain his farm, so by this method the Boer who had the fleetest horse obtained thr largest tract of land. Within the last few years science, however, has been brought to bear on the subject, and farms are now measured by the theo-I dolite. The introduction of these instru ments has caused a great many disputes. Farima the boundaries of which were be lieved to lie perfectly (defined were dls- 1 covered to overlap one another to a seriousi extent, and asthis is the ease all through the countfty, the land surveyors are having a prett,y good tine of It. Are Wo to Lose Niagara Falls? Those wvho want to see the Horseshoe Falls of Niagara must, I fancy, come out soon, or' they wil)l not be able to form an idea of what it was, for I think it is going1 to change Its formi more quickly than it has for a century past. Already a great change has taken place in its appearance. A bout1 t wo years ago the shoe was rent in twain, and a vast rent made in the toe of the cllff] over which the great river falls. The con sequence Is that Instead of driving straight down a circular wall of water, the course of the column Is rudely broken In the mid dlIe, and a foaming torrent collapses in a] jaggedl gor-ge of the cliff, thtus splitting the catscaide into t wo sides of a horseshoe, with a cataaact in the center. Much more mist, too, is produced by the cataract than was] formierly occiasionedl by the slheer fall of the horseshoe, and the view of the falls cense- a quontly obscured. The river might have1 fallen for centuries over this solid- weir of I hardest seist; but a fissure having been < madle In nature's masonry, It Is not un- 1 likely that the river wvill continue Its exca-1 vation, begun near Lake Ontario, and( (do Its wvor-k more qtuickly thtan of late. Now that a breach has been made in the for. tress, It seems certain that the volumo of water, acting as a perpectual battering ram on the wall or' cachi side of it, would soon dletachi other portions of them, and thus alter the whloefc-m and, chuaracter of the famuous Hforsehoe Fails. In Beoa-oh of a Wife. . A gentleman in search of a wife consults a matirhuonlal agency. "Wo have juist the article-the angel, I should say - that you want," says the Manager, rubbing his hand ; "widow lady of 28, httsband (aged 68) died thu-teen months ago,. durhig the hooneyhtoon ; large fortune invested In bonds nd 'stocks; charming Iloman ;. acconiplshed: her only fault, perhasps, Is thie severity of her m~'ral nattire, but then having been brought up In a bonvent-" The gentllematn marries her oft-hand and1 discovers thia,t all thesO ereps.ntpions are atrietly. habue. Furlolis'hehle& to the inatrinional~ ag9ncy and" reproaelhes the agent with his deceptiop. - "You told ap4" he erle "that she was tie'e' 'iiot ~ thM4she would1 "Ylou a4 th &ti.ag~t The Hyacinth. The Hyacinth is a universal favorite in the most extended application of the word. The number of its varieties is now fully equal to that of any other florist's flower. They are not only desirable for planting in beds In the flower-garden, but for forcing into flower in the dull, cheerless months of winter and early spring, when their bright colored blossoms and rich fragrance lend a charm not otherwise to be found. For growing in the conservatory or drawingroon the bulbs should be potted, as early ,as they can be obtained, in small pots of rich, light earth, and placed in a cold-frame, or some protected place in the garden where they may be secure from heavy rains, cover them with at least one foot of newly-fallen leaves and being once well watered soon after be ing potted, they may remain for a month at least, to form their roots, when they may be secure from heavy rains; cover them with atleas; one footof nearly fallen leaves, and being once well watered soon after be. ing potted, they may remain for a month it least, to form their roots, when they may be uncovered, and the most forward brought out and repotted into large pots, and pliced in a moderately warm room. y'he size of the pot will depend mnch upon the size of the bulb; as a rule, the first pott ing should be in four and the second six inch pots. Some care is necessary in the Application and increase of heat, or the lowers will be abortive. For the first .hreo weeks it should not be above fifty do recs at any time of the day; after that the teat may be increased to whatever degree ,s desirable in the room where they are to bloom. Water should be slightly warm vlen applied, and given in proportion to he development of foliage and flower; in 1o case should the earth in the pots become by, neither soddened, an excess of water ieing as injurious as drought. Hyacinths mucceed best in a humid atmosphere, which 1s not easily obtained in the drawing-room; and they are particularly sensitive to cold .lraughts of air, which may and should be iv:uided. Hyacinth in glasses are an ele rant and appropriate ornament to the draw ng-room, and for this purpose occasion ut little trouble. To those contemplating hese interesting branches of floriculture, ve make the following suggestions: L If rou choose your own bulbs, pay more at ention to weight than size, and be sure hat the bulb) Is sound at the base as well as it the top. 2. Use the single kinds only, )ecause they are earlier, more hardy, and is a rule perfect 'their flow'ers in water etter than the double varieties. 3. Use ain or soft spring water. 4. Set the ulb in the glass so that the lower end is lmost but not quite in contact with the vater. 5I. When the bulb is placed, put lie glass in a cool, dark closet, or any con renient place where light is excluded, there ,o remain for about six weeks, or until the oots fill the glass; which they will do iooner than in the light, as they feed more reely in the dark. 6. Fill up the glasses with water as the level sinks by the feeding >f the roots or by evaporation, 7. It is tot necessary to change the water, if a few ?ieces of charcoal are placed in the 1 bottom f the glasses. 9. When ta4 roots are reely developed, and the flower-spike is ushing life, remove by degrees to full light md air. Tide in uinems. Checks or drafts must be presented for )aynient without unreasonable dela. ? Checks or drafts should be piegented luring businest hours; but in this Oountryi ixcept in the case of banks, the time ex ends through the day and evening. If the drawee of a check or draft has hianged his residence, the holder ihbst use ue or reasonable diligence to find him. If one who holds a check, as payee or therwise, transfars It to another, he has right to insist that the check be' presented hat day, or, at the farthest, on the day ollowing. A note indorsed in blank (the name of he ladorser only written) isI tranpferable >y delivery, the same as If payable to tearer. If tihe time of payment of a note' ia not nserted, it is held payable on demand. The time of payment of a note must de >endi upon a contingency. The. prondse mtsit be absolute. A bill may be written upon ainy yaper, or ubstitute for it, either with ink or peacil. The payee should be distinctly. famed in -he note, unless it Is psiyable t9 beater. An indorsmee has a right of action against ill whose names weore on the bill When lhe eceived it. ' If the letter containing a protest of non.. ayment be put in the postofIlee, aniy mis. ~arriage does not affect the party givIng otiee. liotice or protest mnay be sent cther to lie p)lace of business or to residence of the >arty' notified. Thue holder~ of a note may give nQtice of >rotest either to all the previous: indorsers >r only to one of them; in case of the latter 1o must select the'last indoiser, and ih ast must give notice to the last before hin4 and so on. Each indorser must send potiee o the last before him, and so on,' 1acha udorser must 5send notice the samup or thie lay following. Neither Bunday xibr legql Y aoliday is to be counited in reekbning the line in which notIce Is to be gaveii. Th'le loss of a bill or note is not .sufficient ixeuse for not giving notice of protest. If two or more persons, as part 'ers, are olntly lIable on a note or bill, dues ?otice to me of them is sufficient. Cod .Liver Ol Ln Disease. The fish from which the oil. thua namied' s obtained is sai by the Pritish Pharma- I ~opceIa to be Gadus miorrhii ,Lin.) but int lie United States Phai it it Is said, with stricter accuracy, to he derived from > list fish "and 'oths)- species ef (ladus. L'he following are then ei of $~hffoni which the oil is obtaintd they dsh the scalflssh,,the'turbot, the asi d* doe rime chomical, substatice[whI1Ilel lv'r >i1 is found to coptaint are narge, sta e mad cetyhle acids, all of. wielk aNewit alds; ee aci and voail c ,waih( mre liquids, glycerine ad ' inatp mid gadume. TIheao are 1uvatek cy ,ive proportions I~ wliihtils t. >ll, Beshlee those bodIe i utd p "oshoren T do1 einx - lia