Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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wb Nin ab3 all TRn-WVEEKL Y EDITION.} W-'IN'NSBORtO, S. C.. T UESDAY, SEPTEMBER 17, 1878. (VOL 2. NO-9 TH E WONDERFUL YANKEE. -0 AN 7ING L lS I HS TIMATE OF AMICR - CAN IX VENT10YS S110 IWNIN PALIS. Genius and its Application--How the World Udlizes and Perfacts What is DiscoveroCi in the United States. (Prem He Lomlon Times.] Though the American collection at Paris is not larg o compared with thoso of other manufacturing na tions there are present so many of the contrivancos which illustrato the subtle imechanical genius so well recognized already that "Yan koo" is alost a synonym of inventor, thait it becomes to, amateurs in mechan ismi a most fascinating stroll, that among the little railed-off spacos of the American section-for fev of theo contributions occupy more th-.lm a fow squ:rro feet. Many of thui arc already wNidly known-i-the writing m chino, by which tue opor ator, toutliing a sories of koys like tIos Of ail Mccordion), prints his thouin s or text moro rapi dly than they can be written logibly with al tPon ; the sowilg muachiine, whose namne is legion, and which here are illustrAted by nevw varia tions for Specid wock, a little at tachmineit to one making it an (1.11 broidering machino of curious li Cloacy, and14 another a plaiLing ma. chine. The telephono and phono. gr:api aro thoro, and bei;lo themi an clectric pon by the invontor of the plhonoraph-a pun, which carryin1g ia timy electro-imotor it the top, drives a noodle through the paper 10,800 times a minuto, forming a stencil shot through which, with an ink roller, copies may be pro duced moro rapidly than1 with a lithographic press, and of an excel lence which must be soon to be ap prociated. A FLEXIDLE AUGUR. Finest typo of the "Yankoe" contrivance is the Stow "llexiblo" shaft for tiansferring power round colnirs aund ont of thu w ty phoes. Ono sees the operator holding what rooms at first sight to be a simall garden hose, but furnished with an augur at its extremity, with which lie thrusts and bores in every direc - tion-over his head, under his feet, to the right, to the left-it upsets all one's ideas of rigidity. Pharaoh could not have been more surprised at seeing Moses' rod turn to a serpent than we were to see this ropo-like affair eating into the planks set on all sides for it to work on. It is as good as a piece of logordemain. It. is really a "floxible shaft"--a cable of stool wires wound coat over coat, each successivo coating in tih ro verse direction from the precoding, until the required strength is at tained, and in which longitudinal flexibility is combined with circumn ferential rigidity, FOR DRAwING coRKS. Close by it stand1s Clough & Wil liam son's "wire corkscrew machine, which catches at straight piece of steel wire and throwvs it out a cork~ screw of such temper that it may be driven through an inch deal planik and not yield a hair's broadlth. The deftest waitor wvill take as long to pull a cork as this machine to make a half dozen corkscrowvs of an excep - tionally good quality. Here is a screw -cutting machine, which takes a rod of iron, steel or brass, and by an automatic series of operations dirops screws at the other end of tihe machine. One tool cnts the point of the rod down to the dimnsions of the screw, another cuts it off, leaving thle head the full size of tihe rod, anotheri takes it from the last, and passes it on to have thle thread cut, a cutter passes by and leaves it slotted, another with fear iron fingers takes it and transfers it to a fifth cutter, where tihe head is fin ished, wheni still another tool comes to pudh it into the pan placed to receive it. No intervention is need ed1 until another rod is wanted. A sot of shoemaiking ap~paratums in another enclosure takes thme leather in the hide and turns out, with slight manual application, a pair of shoes sewed, pegged or screowed in about fifteen minutes. Those ma-. chines, with tihe exception of one for sowing on thle welt, were at the Vienna Exhibition, and wvere better arrangnd and displayed than hero. A novel planing machine shows a revolving cutter fixed in a disk which is, by moans of an elbow ar rangement of bands and pulleys, moved in any direcnin oe the board to be planed, giving a very remarkable finish to tho surface. In general, however, the wood working I apparatus is not so interesting as at Vienna. AMERICAN GOLD PENS. They who have learned to use the American gold pens will appreciate the excellence of the only bottor substituto for tho gray gooso quill, but the nice processes by which its perfection is is attained will be less easily understood. Tho process by which it is produced is not one of ssientific elaboration or brilliant invention, but of laborious experi ment and thoroughness and con Scioitiou.fnoss Of Inanufacturo which wo are not genorally disposed to credit Anerican manufacturors with. First, an alloy is formed which can be hammerod to a degroe of hardinoss which makes it almost incapablo of further impression from the hauor. The pen re diced to its general form by the die then recoivos a p)int by allaying with iridium of adam:n tine hardness, Which is then cut into two and the slit produced, when the pen is haimereI to the highest point of clasticity, the peculiar alloy ;e buing, it is said, one which will candenso tinder the hamimr without spieadting, until it has received the mAXimum of density alluded to, and the pon is then burnished into shape uidert a buiisher giving a pressure of about a hundred poundr weight, ithe effect of which is to secnro the shape finally given agaLinst any u1sge by equalizing tihe density of the metal throughout. After a use of theso pns of various m-mufacturers running over a period of moro than twenty years of literary occupation I aim able to say that not one has Over failed except from gross ill treatment. The exhibits of gold pens are an indispensable and characteristic p-ut of any collection of the important American indus tries. TIME KEEPERS. Perhaps, however, the most im portant display in this department, all things considered, is that of the Waltham Watch Company, their first in the Er1'opeal exhibitions. Tho re i'lers of the il(mes reports of the Philadelphia exhibition will not noed to be informed of the ad mirablo machinery by which the works of the Waltham watchos are produced or their singular exacti tude, which enables any part of a watch to be replaced by the corres ponding piece of any other watch of the samo grade. To illustrate how involved are the various improve ments in mechanism it may be noted that the delicacy of construction of the now balance would only have been possible with the mechanism introduced by the Waltham Com pany, the precission of which nay b judgod from that'of thomnicromo ter last produced and shown at Paris, which measuros the twenfty fivo-thousandth part of an inch, and even indicates that so largely that it might be divided under a lens readily into hundred thousandths. A micrometer screwv gauge detects inequalities in the thread of a screw up to hundred- thousandths, and a screw mnade for the Government Scientific Commission to correct the measures has been constructed in wvhich the maximum of error in the thread is less than one ten-thou sandth of an inch. FIREARMs. In the department of firearms, in which tihe Amnoricans have alwvays nmaintaline~d a certain advance as to construction, there are exhibited by the Remington Arms Company two new forms of military rifle, one of which, the Lee gtm;' is obviously an implrovemnent on all simple breech loaders hitherto used. The breech bloc0k is the same as the Martini Henry, but the opening is en'ected by the hammer, which holds the same place as in the old1 rifle andl can be worked lby the thum of the right hand. The breech blockc, when op~ened, is held open by a catch which is liberated by the flange of the ,netalic cartridge as it enters the barrel and the block, then rises to its place and closes the breach auto, mnatically. Tihe motions ale fewer and the action simpler than in the Martini -Henry, and the-hammer in dicates to tile most careless glance the half and full cock. The second contribution of the Remington Company is a broechiloador on the piston system, with an auxiliary mnagaizine so arranged that a reserve of seven cartridges may be kept in - the magazine and tile gun used as2 an ordinary brochbloador until a critical moment, when by pushing aside the key of the magazine the reserve is brought into play, and the seven shots may be fired with aim in ton seconds. A gun of this nature has long been a desideratum in the American service, and the advant:6go of this reserve magazine over tbo in- azino syste:n pure and sinplo, such as the Winchester and Swiss Vetterli guns, is clear. While deliberate long range fire is going on the gun is used as an or~ dinary bra. eh-loador and led by hand, but when a charge is to be re polled or firing at close quarters from any reason the magazine is thrown opent by command of a touch of the thum and the seve i shots are delivered with an effect which can easily be imagined. OTI[EaI NOvELTIES. Owen Jones' improved revolver carries the construction of this use fil weapon to a completeness which seenis the ne plus ultra. The in genuity oxpended on it is exhaus Live. The pistol rejects exploded catrtridges, while it retains those which are not fired, refuses to re volvo when empty and releases the cylinder whon required with a facil ity n1 A hitherto attained. It is ap pairently able to do anything but load and firo itself. A charactoristic Yankee notion is a bookhohler for kooping books in their place on a shelf. Two plates of sheet iron soldered together in an inverted T form, answer this purl)oso perfectly and are brought together to suit the books. The weight of the books on the flat limb of the T keeps the keeper in place, and the books may be crowded together between a pair of them with considorable compactness. A locomotive of novel constmiction will receive the attontion of railway men, and for sections where the quality of fuel is bad it 'will be a great boon, for it literally burns everything that is combustible-. anthraeito, coal dust, wood, refuse of all coals. The improvement is offected by widening the fire-box and modifying the grate so as to socure an even and thin bed of com bus.tible. THE D.ANGER OF 13OXING THE .X. Scarcely a day passes, we believe, without some schoolmaster (or schoolfellow, in natural imitation of his iaster), giving a lad a smart box upon the car. Few porsons would be bold enough to choose thc eye as a part upon whieh it was ex. pedient to inflict a violent blow by way of moral education ; but there is, apparently, no end to the nui bor who select an organ upon which violence is liable to be attended with much more dangerous results, For not only is deafness caused by boxes, which rupture (as they con tinually do) the drum of the ear, but the inftlamnmation of the internal cavity, which is so frequent a result, may be followed years afterward, perhaps, by disease of the bone, giving rise to abscess of the brain, and having a fatal termination. Medical men alono can be fully aware how fruitful a source of suf, fering and dlanger is represented by the box upon thle ear. WVe are in formed, for example, of two cases nnder observation at the present mtomnent, in which schoolboys have been victims of such assault. Sure, ly, scihool-masters ought to have learned, long e this, the danger of a mode of personal chastisement that has apparently usurped the place of others, which, if more dis gusting, were not attended with an equal amount of peril.-London ILuneet. Second Lieutenant John H-. Bald win, Fifth Artillery, whose station is at the Dry Tortugas, having been acolimited to yellow fever, has been ordered, at his own suggestion, to command the post at Jackson Bar racks, New Orleans, until the pes., tilenco is over. Lieutenant13aldwin is aL native of Louisiana, and offered his services to General Auger to relieve Lieutenant McCawley, who wvas necessarily left at New Orleans when the command wvas removed to Holly Springs, Miss. The champion speaker of the Forty-.fifth Congress is Mr. Eden, Democrat, of Ilhinois. An examina tion of the Record shows that he was on the floor 728 times during the session which lasted fromn December until July. Deducting the Christmas reess and days when the House did not meet, Mr. Eden "rose" on an average nearly five times per diem. Mr. Conger, of Michigan, Rtepublican, spoke 404 times, or nearly three times per The Oxford Iron Company, at Oxford, N. 3. .as .suispended. Liabilities over Ihalf . mllin. HORRORS OF THE FEVER. -0 THIE SITUATION SORROWFUL IN TilE EX TR EME. A Business Man's Description of What He Saw on a Trip from Cincinnati to Now Orleans and Return. A prominent Cincinnati business man, who has just returned from a trip to New Orleans, describes the situation as sorrowful in the ox treino. The trip down was made by boat. At Arkansas City the boat was not allowed to coal or land. Men stood on the bank with guns in their hands, and cried out: "Damn you, don't you land here." At Memphis which was reached at that lonely hour when the shades of night come on, when the gloomy shadows seem a foreboding of danger, a most depressing scene was presented. Not a dog, not a uile, not a negro could be seen. Tho houses didn't seem inhabited; from no chiminey did the homelike smoke ascond, indicative of pleasant housewife cares within; every place was de serted, all was still. Vicksburg was almost as bad as Memphis. Terror reigns along the Mississippi. If the boat had freight for any town it was taken on New Orleans. The inhabitants would cry out: "Take it on, we'll pay storage and extra freight." At New Orleans things looked much better. Men wore at work on the levee, business houses were opened, but transacting little or no business. During the day that Captain A. was there, it rained continuously. Even in the wet, on Canal street, thirty or forty women trudged along. Now Orleans does not wear the gloom of Memphis. A stranger can come in and not re, cognize, at first, the presence of the disease, not until lie questiuns some one or sees the funerals. The return trip was made by rail. About eight started from New Orleans, which number rapidly in-. creased as the train caino North. At. Grenada not a white man or womAnl was visible-only twenty negroes. Surrounded by hills, lying in a broken and ridgid valley, a person would think the town pro teeted; but alas I this is a mistaken idea. At Holly Springs about two hundred got on. Yellow fever had broken out the night before and oight out of twelve cases had died. At Humboldt a good many got on. At Greenville, a town of about four thousaind inhabitants, the fever broke out. The first day six died; on the second sixty. Peoplo were leaving it in large numbers. The scores at the (depots wore heart rending. Wives, mothers, sisters, leaving husbands, sons and broth era, kissing them perhaps for the last time, bidding them farewell perhrps forever. Some men will not leave, they wvill fight it out or die. At ore place a mother with three children got in the train ; her husband had died a half hour ago, and before death had made her pre' dse to leave on the next train. Oh bitter trial!I To save her life and that of her children she left an uncoffined and unburied husband, dear to her as life itself. The Latest Accounts. MEMPHIs, September 14.--The weather has taken a change, it is feared for the worse. The nights are cool and the days are warm. The number of new cases may rea sonably be expected to continue large. Forty-six deaths reported to noon, and ninety-one for the 24 hours ending at noon. Death is taking off many of our best citizens. NEW OnILEANs, September 14,-.A Canton, Miss., dispatch says : "Total number of cases to date is 853 ; deaths 54. New cases in the last 24 hours 84 ; deaths 7. Dr. Cage, one of our four .physicians, wvas taken this morning, A hospital has been established, We are managing the fever the best we can with our limited number of physicians. Thanks to friends everywhere for liberal aid." B3Avon RouGE, September 14.--An oftleial statement of the cases re-~ ported for the 24 hows ending this morning, at 9 o'clock, shows: deaths 1; new cases 42; total deaths to date 27 ; total oases 488. CARo, ILL., SeptembIer 14.-No new oases of fever have been report-. ed. Heavy frost reported in low bottom lands around the city. NEW ORLEAws, September 14.-. Three hundred and nine new oases ; 59 deaths, GRENADA, MIss., September 12.-. Dr. Woolfolk, of Paducah, died yes terday, after an illness of one week. Six other deaths to-day. Two now cases reported. Dr. Veazey, of New Orleans, and Dr. Henry Stone, of Natchez, are the only physicians here. A light frost last night. NEw ORLEANS, September 15. Deaths 59. Cases reported 149, in cluding 66 cases dating from the 1st to the 4th instant. VicisBuno, September 15.-The weather is clear and warmor. There was a light frost yesterday morning northward in the Mississippi bot toms. The fever here is abating in now cases, but the deaths continue very largo. There were 22 to-day 16 'whites and 6 colored. TERRY, Miss., September 15.-. Therc are twenty cases of fever at Dry Grove, five miles from here. CINCINNATI, September 15---Four o f the infected barges of the steamer John 1orter, that were torn from their moorings below Gallipolis by a sudden rise in the river, reached this city to day. Two were crushed against the piers of the Cincinnati and Newport bridges, and the other two were sunk below the city. The Fte:imer Porter in pursuit captured the remaining barges and has again started up the river with them. BII.oxI, September 15.-Yesterday there were one death and three new cases To-day there were no deaths and no new cases. GRENADA, September 15.-Two deaths to-day and two new cases, The fever is abating. G1-NIAL GoSIP. Fifty.-seven cases of champagne have been donated in New York for the Memphis sick. Congressman Atkins, of Tennes see has been unanimously renomi nated by the Democrats of the eighth district. The now iron steamship Gate City left Chester, Pa., for New York, to enter the service of the Ocean Steampship Company. Henderson Alford, a negro, was found guilty at 11aleigh, N. C., Wednesday, of the murder of Depu ty Sheriff Passmore in 1876, and sentenced to be hanged in October. Over six hundred bodies were recovered of persons drowned by the disaster to the lrincess Alice. A large majority of the bodies are recognized. Eightythreo could not be identified, and wero buried at Woolwich. Only three of the Cabinet officers, Sherman, Evarts and Schurz are in Washington. Key is on the Pacific coast; Thompson is in Indiana; Devens is West witi the President and McCrary is in Iowa-Thompson and McCrary are taking part in the politics of their respective States. The Democrats of Boston have held a caucus for the election of delegates to the State Convention. In nearly every ward Butler dele gates were chosen. The general complexion of the entire Boston delegation is said to be decidedly in favor of Butler. An up-bound passenger train on the Central Railroad, Atlanta dIvis ion, ran into a cow Sunday at the eighteen mile post from Macon, tot ally- wvrecking the engine and two ice cars and smashing the baggage car. The engineer wvas seriously scalded and the fireman badly hurt. No passengers were inj ured. While the small stern wheel steamer Nadine was coming to St. Louis from St. Charles, on Sunday afternoon, she struck a snag about a mile above the mouth of the Mis., souri river and sunk. Louis Wil kinson, colored, Charles Everett, and a man named Dunlap, all mem-, bers of the crewv, are supposed to be drowned ; and the boat and cargo are a total loss. A special, dated Austin, 9th inst., says Sheriff Kerber, of El Paso, reports to the adjutant-general that his deputy arrested, on the 28th ult., Antonio Alizares, a fugitive from the penitentiary, and also under indictment for the murder of yudge Howard, and others, and put him in San Elizaris jail. On the same night the Mexicans crossed the river and rescued the prisoner. Calbraith Perrj~odgers, captain in the fifth cavalry, a grandson of Commodore Perry, and a cousin of Senator Butler, of South Qarolina, was recently struck by lightning and killed in Wyoming Territory, where his command was statione , Pinckiuey Bell, a white man in jail at Murfreesboro, Tenn., for killing the constable of Rutherford county, while attempting to arrest him, was taken out Wednesday night anid lynched,