The ledger. [volume] (Gaffney City, S.C.) 1896-1907, August 07, 1903, Image 5
^ PISO’S CURE FOR^W
O’
™ CONSUMPTION ”
I
I
PERSONAL PARAGRAPHS.
STANDARD TIME.
CROP BULLETIN.
BE IN THE SWIM
Give me your clothes to cUsui. press or
dye Hnd you will iilwuys look nice and
stylish. Old suits made to look like new.
Experienced workmen and prompt ser
vice rendered.
W. H. ROBINSON, Tailor.
Ove’- \V. IJ. Telegraph OHice.
Its Origin nud the Arraiigenient of Its Di
viding Lines.
LDetroit Free I’ress.l
Standard time U a system arranged
by the railroads of the United States
and Canada originally. The purpose
was to do away with the multitude of
dilTereot '‘times” used in business
which affected the railways and in
operating the lines. The territory in
which these railroads lay was divided
into belts running north and south
WlLMAJi S. iiALU Jr. .lAMKtf A. WlLLIS.
HALL & WILLIS,
AT TURNEYS AT LAW.
STAR THKATKK BLiDO.
C> ». o.
Notary i’ublic Injofflce. Prompt attention
given to all business.
J. EMILEJHARLEY,
Attorney-at- Law,
Gaffney, - - S. C.
Notary public.? All business receives prompt
and careful attention.
MONEY TO LOAN ON
REAL ESTATE
to west; in every such division of the
couotry all railway business was to
be done on the same timd. In the mari
time provinces of Canada and a part
of Maine the time used was that of the
sixtieth meridian west Jof Greenwich.
; In the rest of New England and as far
west as Pittsburg aud Buffalo the time
fixed was that of the seventy-fifth
meridian, which is the time of Wash
ington. The next bdt westward was
ninetieth meridian time, which is
of New Orleans,
and then comes mountain time,
which is nearly that of Denver.
Still father west is the Pacific
Dr. D. P. THOMSON,
Dentist.
“Office over National Bank.
Dr. C. T. LIPSCOMB,
n t: .x t i« r
Office in Star Theatre Building.
Phone No. 20.
J. F. GARRETT,
Dentist.
Office Over The Battery.
’Phone 82.
Ninety Per Cent
of all chronic headaches are due to eye
strain. Go to Dr. Griffith at the Chero
kee Drug Co.’s and have the defect in
vision corrected, and thus be
QUICKLY AND
PERMANENTLY CURED.
Glasses Fitted With Scientific Accu
racy and all the diseases of the Rye,
Ear, Nose and Throat treated according
to the latest and most approved methods.
I’eoplv Von Know anil People Von Don’t
Know
Mat Ransom, of North Carolina,
was in the city Tuesday.
J. A. Maxwell, of the ORA 0.
branch of the Southern, was in the
city Wednesday on business.
Miss Minnie Lynch has returned to
the city after an absence of several
months.
Julian Lipscomb is rusticating
i “down on the farm.”
Mr. and Mrs. T. B. Hagood, of
1 Barnwell, are the guests of Prof, aud
Mrs. R O Sams, on Victoria avenue.
Robert Enloe, of Wilkinsville, was
in town Wednesday.
C. W. Whisonant, president ot the
Wilkinsville Cotton Oil Co., was in
the city Wednesday.
J. A. Willis left Tuesday for his
home at Williston, where he goes to
visit his parents.
Steve Brown, of Ravenna, was
among the visitors in the city Wed
nesday.
Miss Emile Sharkey, of Charlotte, 1
who has been visiting the Misses
Hopper on Logan street, left Monday
night for her home in the Queen City.
Hensdale Robbins, a merchant of
Trough, spent Wednesday in the city, j
John R. Nicholson, of Company F.
! U. S. Signal Corps, who has been in
service in Manila, P. I., is in the city
for a few days visiting his parents.
John is looking well. He goes from
here to Fort Myer, Va
Rev. C. Cree has returned from
his vacation trip, but will leave again
tomorrow night for Atlanta, where he
will preach Sunday.
Edward Lipscomb, of Goucher, was
a city visitor Tuesday. Mr. Lipscomb
joined The Ledger forces while here.
Mrs. Walton Brown, of Pacolet
Mills, is visiting^ her parents, Prof.
1 and Mrs. R. O. Sams, on Victoria
avenue.
Moses Littlejohn, a prominent
planter of Ravenna, was in the city
yesterday visiting his daughter. Mrs.
W. F. Thomas.
Mrs. Boyd L. Hames left Wednes
day for Wrightsville Beach, N. C.,
where she will spend sometime re
cuperating.
Mrs. John Lynch and daughter,
Miss Minnie, have returned to the
city after spending several months in
North Carolina.
Misses Bromley Crow and Clara
Hopper, of Union, and Miss Minnie
Burgess, of Ravenna, are in the city,
the guests of Miss Addie Harvey.
The Ledger was favored by a call
from these young ladies Tuesday.
Henry Sapoch, of Cherokee Falls,
Keport of Condition of IMIToreiit Crop*
Throughout the State.
Columbia, Aug. 4 —The week end
ing 8 a. m., Monday, August 3rd, had
a mean temperature of 82 degrees,
which is about 2 degrees above nor
mal. The early part wa< excessively
hot, the latter bad about normal
temperatures. The winds were gen
erally light, but some damage result
ed from high winds in the western
counties. The relative humidity was
aud about 15 degrees wide, from east abnormally low during the first half
of the week, causing vegetation to
wilt during the daytime and even at
night, but the second half was more
humid. About normal sunshine pre
vailed during the week.
The week’s rainfall, as reported by
correspondents, was comparatively
light and consisted of widely scat
tered local showers, that were very
beneficial where they oacurred, as
rain was needed over the whole State,
but many places had none or else
insufficient amounts. During the
last two days additional rains occur
red, that are not covered by the
reports, and the showers were quite
time, which is that of the; general and heavy in the central
one hundred and twentieth merid- counties, but were light in the ex-
ian. Standard time divisions are not \ treme western and extreme eastern
just 15 degrees from east to west nor ones. These late rains thoroughly
are their boundaries regular. They relieved the drought over a large por-
are mapped out to suit the railroads,
and the changes are usually fixed at
points which are junctions for great
railways or division terminals on the
same lines. Sun time is supposed
by most people to be actual astronom
ical time of every place from day to
day, but it is really an averaging or
equalizing of exact local time, for the
movements of the earth are too ir
regular to permit the convenient use
tion of the State, and to that extent
were of great benefit.
CRUELTY TO ANIMALS
Santo I’»r»gntph* Unit rihoulA Im) Kewtl and
KememlM9i-«<L
‘‘Do you know that every cruelty
inflicted on an animal in killing or
just before death poisons to a greater
or less extent its meat?
‘‘Do you know that every cruelty in
flicted upon a cow poisons to a great
er or less extent its milk?
‘‘Do you know that fish killed as
soon as taken from the water by a
blow on the back of the head will j
keep longer and be better than those
permitted to die slow?
‘Do you know that birds destroy
millions of bugs, mosquitoes and
harmful insects; that without the
birds we could not live on the earth,
and that every little insect-eating
bird you may kill and every egg you
may take from its nest means one
less bird to destroy insects?
“Do you know that a check rein
which will not permit a horse to put
his head inhere he wants to when j
going up a hill is a cruel torture to the
horse?
“Do you know that the mutilation j
of a horse by cutting off his tail com
pels him to suffer torture from Hies
and insects every summer as long as *
be lives?
“Do you know that every kind act
you do and every kind word you
speak to a dumb animal will make
not only the animal but yourself
happier, and not only make you hap-
COIVQRESSMAN LIVINGSTON 1 )
Says Pe-ru-na is a Splendid Ca
tarrhal Tonic.
The week’s weather was generally P* er a * 80 better?”
.... 1 T,-' T 'T* L
ac verse during the first half in its
effects on crops, especially on corn,
owing to the heat and dryness of the
air and lack of moisture in the sur
face soil, but farmwork progressed
favorably and nearly all crops have
been laid by.
Late corn in the eastern, and early
of astronomical time, just as it is de- corn in the western counties, suffered
termined by the position of the j considerable impairment for want of
heavenly bodies.
Frog in a Blackberry Bush,
Jud Clary, who lives about five
miles from the city, was in to see us
Tuesday. Mr. Clary told us that
while out on his place a few days ago 1
he discovered a toad frog up in a
blackberry bush, four or five feet
from the ground, eating berries. It weather were principally to check its
was such a novel sight to him that he heretofore rapid growth and cause it
rain aod fired badly, and is in a criti
cal condition; while early corn in the
eastern, and late in the western
counties, suffered but little, the for
mer being about ripe and the latter
being not yet in silk and tassel.
Bottom land corn is fairly promising.
a Cotton suffered somewhat from
lack of moisture, although on stiff
and rich lauds the
ITor
Building ami Fiastering Limei
Coal, and Waster Hair.
Blaster Fans *
Shingles.
Portland Cement,
Dynamite,
Blasting Powder, Fuse
and Dynamite Caps, call on
— • . * • UT_ , _
"a w
CARROLL & CO., Lessees.
Telephone
was “among those present” in the
city yesterday.
Forest Austell, who clerks for J. I.
Sarratt at Earls, was in the city yes
terday on business.
Miss Annie Johnson left yesterday
for the mountains of Western North
Carolina, for several weeks stay.
Mrs. T. Stobo Farrow, of Columbia,
is visiting her daughter, Mrs. A. N.
Wood, on Frederick street.
Mrs. 8. 8. Ross returned to the
city Wednesday night from an ex
tended stay at Piedmont Springs.
Wofford Humphries spent Wednes
day in Spartanburg.
Misses Eva and Ethel Ross are
visiting their sister, Mrs. J. Meek
Smith, in Clover.
Wade Pridmore and little son, of
Sarratts. were in the city yesterday.
Gad Wright, of Abingdon, one of
The Ledger’s oldest and best friends,
was in the city yesterday.
A. H Moore, of Buffalo, was among
the over-the-river farmers in the city
yesterday.
John Aloore, from the Buffalo neigh
borhood, spent yesterday in the city.
Jesse Sanders, of Abingdon, who
went to the house and brought his
wife out to witness it, and together
they watched the antics of the toad
for half an hour. The frog soon be
gan to “swell out” and continued to
, expand until be had reached about
twice his normal si/e. When he had
eaten all the berries within his reach,
the frog began to look for more. He
soon spied a large and tempting look-; color, but its growth was checked.
• • • » £» _ •
to bloom to its tops, but on the light,
sandy soils cotton not only stopped
growing but also began to shed ns
leaves and fruitage. Portions of the
crop are well fruited and still bloom
ing freely, while a smaller portion is
not well fruited and is in a generally
poor, unsatisfactory condition. Sea-
island cotton maintained its healthy
I sell and hang paper, paint
carriages, wagons and buggies; has been taking The Ledger cotinu-
also do house painting any-
where in the city or country*
I use paint that has an iron-clad
guarantee.
Let me " ' your work.
ously for the past nine years, was
the city yesterday.
SHORT LOCAL ITEMS.
the news of your neigh-
Prices as low as the lowest
for FIRST-CLASS work.
Yours for business,
I>. iVI. OiVIIVIi^
Next ta PearljSteam Laundry.
Scientific .Prescription
Compounding ~ ~
Your Other Trade.
IIILE as in all first-class
TV/1 pharmacies, the work of
W I the prescription depart
ment is .emphasized, we
also wish to supply you
with every thing needed
in the way of Drugs,
Medicine, Toilet Articles and Sun
dries.
We wish this to be your family
drug store; what we have said as
to the quality of our prescription
service applies as true to all depart
ments of our business.
We sell goods of worthy quality
throughout; we seek to conserve
your interest in every way: Our
prices are always reasonable, al
ways as low as can Ire had any
where, and are alike to all.
CHEROKEE DRUG CO.
Prescription Druggists.
Limestone and Frederick Sts.
Send ua
borhood.
Tobe H. Littlejohn ig now clerking
for J. R. Tolleson & Co.
“Aunt” Julia Ann Gist, an old and
respected colored woman, died at her
home near the city Sunday night,
and waa buried Monday.
J. C. Jefferies, the H. H. H. attor
ney, is now being daily reminded of
Abe state of single blessedness. Mrs.
Jefferies and the little folks are away,
aud the old man is driving out with
^us neighbors, while his countenance
bears a woe-be gone, far-away expres
sion.
There was a picnic at Limestone
Springs last Friday. Conspicuous
among those present were Messrs. R.
0. Ballenger and C. J. Wall. There
were quite a number of good looking
ladies in attendance, but it is said
that the matrimonial market con-,
tinues steady without fluctuation.
M. L. Ross and Lee Little, who
went out with a camping party for
the mountains of North Carolina,
left the boys at Asheville and re
turned to Gaffney Wednesday. They
report a most delightful trip. The
remainder of the party will return
overland and are expected to reach
home today or tomorrow.
A Forty-Pound Turtle.
A short while ago some of the boys
at Cherokee Falls, while out fishing,
caught a soft-shell turtle at Goat
Island, on Broad river. The turtle
weighed forty pounds and measured
thirty inches in length and eighteen
inches across its back. Mr. H. S. Gaff
ney, of Cherokee Falls, who was in to
see us the first of the week, told us of
the catch. He helped dress the turtle
aud said that besides the large
amount of meat It furnished, It also
contained forty hard eggs and quite a
number of soft ones.
ing bunch on another bu^h close be
side the one on which he was perched, |
but too far away for him to reach
with his mouth or feet. After
stretching his neck several times in
the direction of the desired fruit, as
though measuring the distance be
tween the two bushes, he made a
spring for it and barely managed to
catch with one foot on a projecting
limb. He soon crawled up, though,
and ensconced himself comfortably
and proceeded to enjoy the “fruits”
of his labor.
When Mr. Clary left the spot the
frog had apparently finished his meal
but still remained in his position at
the top of the blackberry bush
Has anyone else ever seen anything
of the kind?
For Little Uirl».
The contest of the Acme Furniture
Co. for the miniature Buck’s range
promises to be interesting. There
are thirty pictures—or reluses—in all
and we will print three in each issue
until the entire number are printed.
We print three new pictures today.
Read the advertisement; guess at the
meaning of the picture, bearing in
j mind that each one represents some
article sold in a furniture store, and
Tobacco curing is nearly finished
in the eastern districts, and about
half finished in the central and west
ern ones. The hot weather and ab
sence of rain were unfavorable on
rice. Peas doing well. Sweet pota
toes are exceedingly promising. Much
bay was secured in prime condition.
Late fruits are variable, but only fair
at best. In places preparations are
under way for fall and winter crops.
Editor Ledger:—The above para- 1
graphs, taken from “Our Dumb Ani
mals,” should b<* read, remembered
and heeded by everybody. Nothing
displays the character and disposi
tion of a man better than his treat
ment of the dumb animals in his
charge.
Only last week an incident happen- !
ed in Gaffney which should have ex
cited the pity and indignation of the
most hardened mortal. A horse (or
the semblance of one) being driven
thiough the street was so emaciated
and in such a starved condition that
the poor brute actually gave out and
fell in the middle of the street, from
sheer exhaustion, and not until the
harness were removed and aid given
effects^of the dry 1 could it get up—it was simply
nothing but skin and bones. The
police in Columbia are arresting all
owners and drivers of such horses
that they can Hnd; and in the State of
Massachusetts men all over the State
are regularly paid a salary to report
such cases to the authorities, as well
as all other cases of cruelty to birds
and the lower animals. This is right
and proper, and should be done in
every State.
There are two kinds of men that
should not be allowed by law to own
ahorse. One is, the man who is not
able to furnish sufficient feed for it,
and the other is, the man who is
too stingy to give it enoughjto eat, and
then overwork it.
We cannot understand the heart of
a man (if he have one) who will try
to work a horse that is hardly able to
stand up, from starvation, and then
beat him unmercifully if he refuses
or is unable to accomplish it. o
COLONEL L. 1. LIVINGSTON.
Colonel L. 1. Livingston, Member of
fcho Industrial Commission and the lead
ing Demoeratic member of the Com
mittee on Appropriations in the Hon««
if Representatives, whose home is af
Atlanta, Ga., write :
“ / take pleasure in Joining with
General Wheeler, Congressman
Brewer .. .:J others in recommending
Perunu as an excellent tonic and
■ catarrh cure. Cc7, L. /. Livingston.
Catarrh Cured.
All phases of catarrh, acute or chronic,
are promptly and permanently cured.
It Is through its operation upon the ner
vous system that Feruna has attained
such a world-wide reputation as a sur«
and reliable remedy for all phases oi
catarrh wherever located.
Mr. Jas. O. Morin, 1179 Ontario street
Montreal, Canada, writes:
“ Peruna is certainly a great catarrh
remedy. It cured me of catarrh of th«
head and I gladly indorse it. Canadiani
are peculiarly afflicted with this disease
and for years the doctors have tried to
overcome it with elixirs, powders and
pills, but Peruna has solved the question
and since the medicine has been estab
lished here hundreds of people hav«
been cured of catarrh.”—Jas. O. Morin.
If you do not derive prompt and satis
factory results from the use of Peruna,
write at once to Dr. Hartman, giving a
full statement of your case and he will
be pleased to give you his valuable ad
vice free.
Address Dr. Hartman, President ol
The Hartman Sanitarium, Columbus, O.
Attention
Summer Girls!
Bill Nye uud the Cow.
When 1 was young aud used to
roam around over the country aud
gather watermelons in the light of
the moon, I used to think I could
milk anybody’s cow, but I don’t
think so now. I do not milk the cow
unless the sign is right, and it hasn’t
been right for a good many years.
The last cow I tried to milk was a
common cow, born in obscurity, a
kind of self-made cow. I remember
her brow was low, but she wore her
Josh Billings’ Philosophy.
Men ov graie genius hav but a few
intimates, if enuy ; everybody seems
to be afrade ov them.
All dignity is strength, but there
* are menuy people whose only strength
lies in their dignity.
No man knows how good nor how
bad be iz until he haz been bored in
to and tested.
No man iz sure ov biz reputation
until he haz been ded and buried at
least five years.
No man kan alter the krook in a
You need a pure soap for
your needs at this season of
the year more than any
other. :: :: :: :: ::
Our line of Toilet Soaps is
unsurpassed. All Odors
from the leading makers.
naughty. I made a common-place
remark to her. One that is used in
the very best society, one that need
not give offense. I said “So,”—and
she “Soed.” Then I told her to
“Hist,” and she “Histed.” But I
thought she overdid it. Just then I
then send in your guess. First prize heard something crash through the
tail high and she ftas naughty, oh, so dog’s tale without cuttin’ it off; this
—the range; second prize—a year's
subscription to The Ledger; third
prize—six months subscription to
The Ledger. Remmeber it costs you
absolutely nothing to enter this con
test.
The following letter is self explana
tory :
Ediiube, Tex , Aug. 4, '03.
Acme Furniture Company,
Gaffney, S. C.
Dear Sir:—Will you please per
mit a little girl from Texas to enter
the contest for a Buck’s junior range?
Some kind friend sends The Ledger
to grandpa.
window of the barn and fall with a
thud outside. The neighbors came
to see wbat it was that caused the
noise. They found that I had done
it in getting through the window. I
asked the neighbors if the barn was
still standing. They said it was.
Then I asked them if the cow was in
jured much. They said that she
seemed quite rooust. Then I re
quested them to go in and calm the
cow a little, and see if they could get
my plug hac off her horns. I am
buying all our milk from a milkman.
I select a gently milkman, who will
not kicR, and feel as though I can
Grandpa, mama, and uncle Finley ; trust him. Then, if he feels as
all enjoy the paper very much; they though he can trust me, it’s all
all come from South Curq^ina. right.—Bill Nye.
I encloM my annwer to the puttie, T u u lu,».WorU MtTt. v-n
pio ure8 Y<)ur (r . eiid Th6 k. S.JLipecomb Shoe Co. ere
Nellie Lipscomb Cox. nothing if not up-to-date. They have
secured a box in which they have
T. W. Wiliamson & Co., have placed twenty silver dollars and have
iz the way to straighten all kinds ov
krooks.
No man kan wait for the dinner
bell to ring with entire composure.
Temperance proves much; ab
stinece proves nothing.
I am satisfied that the best way to
keep men honest iz to make them so.
Ventilashuu iz good, but when a
man kau’t lie down in the center ov a
10 aker lot, and breathe, without
knocking down three or four panels
of fence to bet the air in, he has got
ventilashun of the intelekt bad, he
; haz.
Mankind generally seem willing to
admit that the world revolves on its
axis. The great mistake they make i
iz, they think they are the axis.
Mi dear phellow, don’t try to do 2
things at once; the chances are that
yn will spile both ov them.
Thare are people whoze only enjoy
ment seems to be in
unless
S. B. Crawley & Co.
813 Limestone St.
Drugs, Perfumes and Stationery.
Prescriptions properly filled
and promptly delivered.
FOR
Up-to-Date Job Print
ing, call at the
LEDGER Office.
Gaffney, S. C.
To Scbool Trustees.
1 can now make arrangements with the
Central Campaign Committees to hold
. an Educational Meeting, or Rally, in
, n , - ,. . , ,“/ r ” a , ' two or three, and possibly four different
Ihey don t seem to relish life unless sections of the county. These meetings
they are cooking, frieing or stewing ^.jn be for all communities desiring to
in sum way. consolidate schools, build new school
Mi dear phellow. don’t git the rep- houses, levy special taxes, start libraries,
or make any forward movement in the
A New Market.
Wiliamson & Co.,
opened a meat market in the stand
it on exhibition in their show window.
utasbun for being a bore; il iz al
most az bad az the reputashun ov
being a thief. Mankind are about
equally afrade ov both.
The March of Frogrem..
A# long as people knew no better,
tbey were content to do without the
lately occupied by Talley as a barber Th ® re are a number °* k 0 ? 8 and each railroad, the telegraph, the tele-
and every purchastr of one dollar’s phOD0 et0 ( but wh0) in thi8 pro .
worth of goods is given a key. As g re88 i ve a g 6) WO uld dispense with
soon as the keys are all given out nece88itieB now? So lt ig Wlth
J 8 ^ vertlse . fc ^ e f8ct an< ? tb .°. Be flour. As long as you use inferior
flour and know nothing of the merits
of Bransford’s “Clifton,” you may be
shop John Spencer is the carving
artist. They expect to add a nice
line of staple and fancy groceries and
will conduct a general store. Mr.
Williamson has been conducting a
dairy at Limestone and met with
considerable success along that line.
He proposes to conduct an up-to date
market.
MIm Rohh in ti»ntonla.
Tbe Gastonia Gazette of the 4th
inst., says:
"One of tbe most interesting at
tractions at the Old Maid’s Convention
Thursday night will be the singing of
Miss Eva Ross, of Gaffney, S. 0. She
has a highly cultivated voice and
will be heard with pleasure.”
No man can succeed unless he
faith In his own ability.
has
bolding keys may take them to the
store and try tho lock on the box.
Only one key in the lot fits the lock
and the person holding the lucky key
will get the $20. No member of tbe
firm knows tbe lucky key and it is
purely a scheme to stimulate trade.
One key goes with every dollar’s
worth of goods purchased. This is
a legitimate and unique advertising
scheme and every customer stands an
equal showing.
By taking a thorough course of
Rbeumaolde you rid your system of
the poisons that cause rheumatism.
A permanent cure li the result. It
is the standard rhenmatlo remedy,
laxative and tonic. At Drnggists.
satisfied with your bread, cake and
pastry, but if you try one ssck of
“Clifton” tbe “cake is dough” witn
all inferior floors.
W. J. Wilkins & Co.
Notice to Bridge Builders.
any torwara movement in
cause of education. If any school dis
trict desires such help, please make it
known to their trustees, and we can ar
range a program.
Through this committee I can aid the
speakers to the extent of paying all
traveling exjienses. Now let us have a
general educational revival as far aud as
much as we can. The children need it,
the county needs it, aud it is our duty to
assist in anyth.ng that will help our
youth. Everyone should lie, I believe,
interested in this matter. I will get the
very best practical speakers available—
preferring local talent. Let me hear
from any district wanting such aid, es
pecially the large school districts—Nos.
15, 12, 4, 16, 22 aud the smaller ones
where there is only one white school. I
am sure a few meetings like this will be
of great benefit to the entire people.
J. L. Walker.
OFFICE DAYS.
* -it 1. 1- n /r 1 i Until further notice I will l>e in my
! wiU be at Morgan bndge on buffalo ofike ou Kri dav and Saturday of
Cherokee township Tuesday,
creek in
August 18th, 1903, at 11 o’clock a. m., to
let contract to build a bridge across Buf
falo creek. Plans and specifications can
be seen in my office. A right to reject
any or all bids.
J. V. Whelchkl,
8-4 County Supervisor.
every
Friday and Saturday
week and every first Monday.
J. L. Walker,
tf Co. Supt. of Education.
MEYSHONEYVLAR