Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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I I l^l^MOVAlv Or. C. T. LIPSCOMB, D K T I « T la now located In Ids handsonm new suit of rooms In the Star Theatre building. >Can be found In office six days In the week. J. C. OTTS, Attorney and Counselor. Office upstairs, between U. A. .loaes and Wavenport. Office and Residence .Phone. Dr. D. P. THOMSON, Dentist. Kl HjDINIt OIL ROADS THE USE OF PETROLEUM ON HIGH WAYS IN CALIFORNIA. IIoxx- It Is ApitMcil nml tVImt 11ns lleen Aecoiniilislieil — The Cost of UiiildiiiK' Them — Preservation Against Stormy \V cut her. In nn artfcle on oilod roads in Cali- # fornia publisbed in The Citrograph the writer, Theodore r. White, says: “Oil has 1'cen used a number of years for laying dust, but we are using it as one of the principal elements in build ing permanent roads. We commenced using oil on roads in San Bernardino Office over National Kank. William S. Hall, Jk. jambs A. Willis. county in the spring of 1S90 and made a contract with a company to oil twen ty-five to thirty miles of roads in the HALL & WILLIS, ATTORNEYS AT LAW, ST AII TH BATHE BLIXI. » .A. Ir-r-it-e hC Y . <-g Notary Public inloftice. Prompt attention given to all business. JR, J. F. GARRETT, De-ntist, Gaffney, - - - S. C. Office over J. R. Tolleson s new dt.nrr In office from 1st *;o 26th of each month: Notice of Discharge. ■Notice is hereby given that I. as guardian for Maggie Turner will make final settle ment before the Probate Court of Cherokee county, S. C.. on Saturday, Sept. ^Tth next, lOo’eloek a. m. of said estate and ask for final discharge as said guardian. L. Moody Turner. Guardian. Published in Ledger Sept. 5. 1~. Ill, and 20, vicinity of San Bernardino, Redlands, Highland, Rialto and Colton, the con tractor to put on three applications of oil during the season and keep the roads free from dust from the 1st of May till the 1st of December. The IETKOLKUM ROAD SPRINKLEli. contract price was .$204 per mile. It will be perceived from this that the 1!N)2. SHINGLES, BRICK, SASH, DOORS, BLINDS and all kinds of Building Ma- terial, Paints, Oils, Etc. for sale at a small per cent, above cost for cash. Estimates’made without charge. L. BAKER Do Your Duty. “England expects every man to do tils duty,” said Nelson at Trafalgar, and "duty performed is tha sublimest achievement." said R. E. Lee. Then why not insure your property in the Cherokee Mutual Eire In surance Company and be happy, freeing yourself from anxiety as to the effect a loss of your house would curtail on yourself and family also. This is the cheapest insurance known among men and your money kept at home. Instead of swelling the Coffers of Northern Co-operations to lx- used for enslaving the many for the benefit of the few In the Gigan tic Trusts which seek to control the staple necessities of life, or is loaned to the despots of Europe to bind the shackles of slavery tighter upon the limbs of their helpless sub jects. If you feel It your duty to insure, this company asks thai you consider the claims It has upon you. Rev. A. I). Davidson, and Frank McCluny, Agents. Building and Plastering Lime Ooal, and Plaster Hair. Plaster Paris. Rosendale Cement, Portland Cement. Dynamite, Blasting Powder. Fuse and Dynamite Caps, call on Limestooe Springs Lime Works CARROLL & CO., Lessees. Telephone 67. 7UNE H. CARR, ARTISTIC PHOTOGRAPbjp 812 Limestone Street. Gaffney, S. C. “Artist Proofs” are deservedly popular because they stand without a peer for beauty and originality of design and finish. WE MAKE THEM. ’ Our complete line of photographic work embraces the best materials, the bes methods and that painstaking care so essen tlal td~goo<t work. Our guarantee against fading goes with all photos bearing ;our name. Bring us your kodak work, our prices are low as the lowest. Remember us for |any photographic want. l^’Phone 170. Summer Resort Folder SOUTHERN RAILWAY Much valuable information; mailed free to any address upon application to agents Southern Railway. W. H. Taylor, Asst. Gen. Pass. Agent, Atlanta, Ga. R. W. Hunt, Div. Pass. Agent, 1 Charleston, S. C J. C. Beam, Dist. Pass. Agent, Atlanta, Ga. i»lca was to keep the dust down, to use oil instead of water, and the contract or used just enough oil to accomplish thi u . The results were for the most part satisfactory. “But in li)00, with the knowledge we had gained, we concluded to undertake the oiling of roads ourselves. We ad vanced a step and while keeping the dust down attempted to build up a sur face that would take the wear of trav el; in other words, to use oil as an im portant element in making a perma nent roadbed. We did not skimp the quantity, but poured on a generous amount, from 100 to 150 barrels to the mile, eighteen feet wide, and we ob tained a good wearing surface, and the roads so treated are in excellent con dition. “A road intended for oiling to which oil has never before been applied should be earfefully prepared some months before. It should be graded and crowned and rolled hard while there is sufficient moisture in the ma terial of the roadbed to make it pack well. If done when it is dry, a copious drenching with water will he necessa ry. The oil is applied hot, from 200 degrees K. up. This is important, for the reason that the oil is thick and moves sluggishly when cold, whereas it should be as thin and active as wa ter to penetrate the road surface and mix with any loose dust covering it. In the neighborhood of refineries tb« oil can be obtained directly from the refinery at a temperature of 2i'.0 to 300 degrees F. “The hot oil is run from the tanks into oil wagons holding about twenty barrels of forty-two gallons, which re quire two to four horses to draw to place of distribution, according to con dition of roads, distance, etc. We have taken oil five or six miles from place of heating. Ten to twelve miles, I should say, would be the practicable limit, and if the distance is even as much as six miles I should suggest that the hauling tank be jacketed to retain the heat. From the oil wagon the oil is run into a distributer and sprinkled or poured over the road. “The California Dustless Roads com- pany makes a machine that hitches on behind the wagon and distributes the oil over a strip six feet wide, three strips wide being the usual width of application. This distribution has open ings six Inches apart, opened and closed by valves operated by levers. It also has stirring fingers and drags for going over the road after the oil is put on to mix the dust and loose covering of the road. This was designed for dusty roads for laying the dust with oil in place of sprinkling with water. “The cost of applying oil varies of course with the distance hauled and quantity required. In one instance, where the oil was hauled three miles, two men and four horses put on sixty barrels per day, covering a half mile of road twenty feet wide. The two men, with four horses, were paid $7.50 per day. So in this instance it cost $15 per mile to apply the oil. “One great advantage in oil on roads which we did not fully anticipate when commencing its use is the preser vation of the road against washing and cutting out from the winter storms. We had a storm about a year ago which woui d up with a fall of nearly six inches in one night. The country was flooded for a short time, many bridges were carried off and great dam age done in places to the roads. We had a chance to compare the effects of the flood on a graveled road without oil and a graveled road prepared and oiled as above described. “An oiled road extends from Rialto to San Bernardino. At one point It de scends on a 7 or 8 per cent grade. Her® tbe water rushed down the middle of the road with great velocity, but with out doing damage. Half a mile sooth another road, with about the same grade, but without oil, was badly washed. Such examples might be mul tiplied. “So our experience goes to show that an oiled road not only stands tbe wear of travel, but reaista the disintegrating elect of storm water.” ROADS OF AMERICA. rroKi-OA* hi Ihe ItulldiiiK «»f HlHfh- waya In the Country. The influence of the meehanical steed on our civilization is best exemplified in the growth and improvement of the country highways, which, in a country that stretches between two oceans and includes within its boundary nearly all the climates and physical characteris tics of a mighty continent, have been slowly evolved from the almost indis tinguishable trail of the pioneer set tlers into roads of high engineering skill and achievement, says Gunton’s Magazine. The American country roads have lagged in the develop ment of the nation’s material growth and expansion until within the past few years. With the exception of the few old postroads, established in colonial days, when the stagecoach was the only vehicle for comfortable travel, there were not more than two or three country highways of passable physical condition, summer and winter, a score of years ago in the United States. Military roads were the earliest in ex istence in all countries, and the protec tive necessity of having different parts of the empire joined together by high ways over which an army could be quickly moved Inspired most of the great engineering feats in roatlbuild- ing of the past. This factor had little or no influence in American industrial life. Our boundaries did not abut those of powerful nations with whom we might at any time wage war: con sequently no thought of establishing lines of fortifications, connected by military highways, ever entered the heads of our most warlike legislators or presidents. Military roads were not features of our national development, end, though potent factors in the growth of many European states, they were almost nil in American history. The modern roadbuilding movement is attributed to the bicycle and automo bile. but it must be said that it was rather the conditions of the times, which were ripe for the change, that made the popularity of these mechanic al steeds. Railroad construction had almost reached its limit, important trunk lines were already paralleling each other so that they cut disastrously into each other's profits, and the most Important parts of the country were joined together by the ribbons of steel. Railroad stocks were declining in val ue, profits were becoming reduced, and capital was chary of investing in new enterprises of this character. What the country needed was more feeders—country roads leading from farms, mines and producing lands. For months in the year the great agricul tural sections were shut off from the railroads by almost Impassable country roads. Mills and manufacturing plants located on streams or water that fur nish excellent motive power could not market their products in winter. The logging camps and the mining compa nies were likewise helpless In winter. Thus for a good portion of the year the country commerce was paralyzed and the producing centers were cut off from the world. SENATOR EARLE’S SCHEME. How He Would Secure Good HoadM In Thla Country. The unique figure in the “good roads world” is State Senator Earle of De troit. He was at one time connected with the department of good roads in quiries at Washington as an expert, which office he was obliged to relin quish upon his election to the senate. He has a scheme which if put into practice would soon bring the millen nial dawn of good roads, says tbe Phil adelphia North American. In explain ing bis scheme he said: “First. 1 would have the government make good road maps of each county in the United States, showing all the public highways. I would have bad roads printed in red, fairly good ones in blue and tbe Improved roads in black. These would be published in pocket form and sold for 5 cents each at all postofflees. This would in effect com pel every farmer to see to it that his road was improved, for he would soon see tbe advantage of having his farm located on one of the improved roads. “Second, I would levy a tax of 50 cents a year on every vehicle in the land. This alone would yield an an nual revenue of several millions. It would furnish all the funds necessary for the purpose. The tax would be a trifle and would be cheerfully paid by most people so long as It was to be de voted to the betterment of highways.” The Value ot Good Road*. Good roads, like good streets, make habitation along them most desirable. They economize time and force in transportation of products, reduce wear and tear on horses, harness and vehi cles and enhance the market value of real estate. They raise the value of farm lands and farm products and tend to beautify the country through which they pass. They facilitate rural mail delivery and are a potent aid to educa tion, religion and sociability. Charles Sumner once said, “The road and the schoolmaster are the two most impor tant agents in advancing civilization.” GIum Street lu Parle. There has just been opened to the public of Paris a new street paved with blocks made by a new glass proc ess. Contrary to the expectation oi many. It affords an excellent foothold and promises to be without dust and not absorb waste. By the process the Inventor is enabled to use all kinds of glass debris. Caaadlau Roada. In the cities and towns throughout Canada asphalt and vitrified brick have been adopted aa the standard pavements, macadam on the leading county highways and gravel for tbe minor roads. ELECTRICAL LEAKAGE. Onp of tho Great Dunsrera Whleli Tlirenten Men. The greatest dangers which threaten man are generally invisible to the vic tim, and among these none is more productive of disastrous consequences than "electrical leakage,” the selfsame leakage u -d by the natives of all hot climates to lower their temperatures. As no organic function can take place except by means of electrical currents, so it can be easily understood that if these currents leak from our bodies the loss of power must be distinctly harmful. A common instance of this loss of electricity from our bodies con sists of what we call a nervous shock, the scientific explanation being that a sudden egress of electricity takes place owing to the violent mental impres sions involuntarily forcing a current of power through channels which had not been previously open to receive them. “This,” remarked a scientist, “is but one case among a thousand of the ways in which we uselessly expend our vital power. The electrical waste of a per son is entirely due to his surroundings —the seat upon which you sit. the ta ble upon which you write, the floor, the ceiling, the fireplace, the rays and col ors of light which surround you, all may be instrumental in absorbing your electricity, to the great detriment of your health. Red or yellow lightwaves excite electricity within you, blue and violet waves exhaust it, while green waves are practically neutral in their effect. "The air you breathe places you in direct communication with the walls, windows or hearth of your room; if, owing to the manner in which they are constructed, they place you in electrical communication with the soil on which your house is built, an ‘earth return’ is formed, and the electricity in man's condenser—the brain—is drawn out of the body. When one stands in the vicinity of a place of electrical exhaus tion one ought to face it, as the base of the skull and spine, being the center of the nervous system, are more sen sitive to outside influences than is the more covered front of the body. This is why one feels so tired when sitting with one’s back to a fire; the flames serve as conductors and extract the force from the exposed nervous cen ters.”—Pearson’s Magazine. NATURAL HISTORY. A whale can remain under water for an hour and a half. A lion in a jungle will jump twenty- five or thirty feet from a standing start. A horsefly will live for hours after its head has been pulled off. The head of the mosquito hawk will continue eating its victim when separated from the thorax. Mud wasps manifest great ingenuity not only in building their nests, but in placing them in localities where they will not be injured by rain or preda cious animals. The gray buzzard is said to be the heaviest bird that flies, the young males when food is plentiful weigh ing nearly forty pounds. The bird is nearly extinct. The wasp, like the bee and almost every other insect, is infested with parasites. Wasps have been captured which had two or three dozen parasites clinging to their bodies. Tbe alligator never leaves fresh wa ter, while the crocodile often goes to sea and in the West Indies has some times been found many miles from land, heading directly for an island, possibly out of sight. The Tyranny of Trivial Things, The great emotional experience® of life are belittled by the same Insist ence upon the trivial. Life and love look into each other’s eyes, a man and woman elect each other from all the world, but the joyful solemnity of marriage is ruffled by the details of ♦be wedding, perhaps by family squab bles over flowers and gowns and invi tations. Or great death comes in at the door, and the little human soul, overwhelmed with grief, appalled by the sudden opening of eternity before Its eyes, yet fusses (there is no other word for it) over “mourning,” over the width of the hem of the veil or the question of crape buttons or dull Jet. This may be shocking or mournful or ludicrous, as one happens to look at it, but It is certainly uncivilized. — Har per’s Bazar. The Lion and the Uatcorn. The unicorn came into the royal arms with James I. It belongs to tbe royal arms of Scotland. The signet ring of Mary, mother of James, is in existence, having a unicorn on it. In the royal arms therefore one support er represents England, the other Scot land. The lion and the unicorn occur also in ancient Buddhist scriptures, placed together as supporters. Both of these animals also are seen playing draughts together in the well known Egyptian painting. But the oldest connection of the two is in the blessing of Jacob and of Moses.—Notes and Queries. An AdvoBtoara at Armor. “That mediaeval armor must have been very uncomfortable,” said a vis itor at the museum. “Yes,” answered the man with darn ed clothes, “bat there was one satis faction about It—a man could always take down a suit of It In entire con fidence that the moths hadn’t got Into It”—Washington Star. Comparing Famlllos. Harold—My ancestors were all hon est, but they were not stylish. “That’s all right My ancestors were all stylish, but so far as 1 can learn they wouldn’t pay their debts."—De troit Free Press. Neckwear Arrival. All tire Newest SMes and Patterns in Puffs Clnlis Four-in-Hands and Ascots 25 and 50 cents Wilkins-Bristow Clothing Co. Thp Twentieth Century Combination Accident and General Health Policy Issued by the .. . j'ETNA LIFE Insurance Company .. .of Hartford, Conn. Offers the rarest combination to be found for protection against all human casualties. The accident Insurance pro vided by this contract is al- NO The General Health Insurance ready proven to be the best on the market. It affords MEDICAL provides Indemnity for protection over a wider EXAMINATION nearly all diseases to which range of casualties than any other policy. ; ; ; ; ; HEQUIHED you are liable. : : : : : Surgical Operations SPECIAL PROVISION made for payments in addition to Week ly Indemnity for either Accident or Sickness if a Surgical Operation is performed. Policies issued in any amounts from $1,000 to $10,000 for Gen eral Accidents, same covering $2,000 to $20,000 for Special Accidents under the Double benefit Features of the Policy. Weekly Indemnity $o to $50 per week for General Accidents,— Double Weekly Indemnity for Special Accidents. Indem nity payable for Partial as well as Total Disability. Weekly Indemnity $5 to $50 per week for Total Disability from Sickness. $500 to $5,000 for Total Blindness or Permanent Paralysis from Disease. A $5,000-$/0,000 TWENTIETH CENTURY Combination Accident General Health Policy Provides for the payment of... For General Accidents $5,000 2,500 1,000 625 25 10 For accidental death For loss of sight of both eyes For loss of both feet For loss of both hands For loss of one hand and one foot For loss of right hand For loss of either leg For loss of left hand For loss of either foot For loss of one eye Weekly Indemnity for total disability for 200 weeks \ Weekly Indemnity for partial disability ( for 26 weeks For Special Accidents $10,000 5,000 2,000 1,250 50 20 WEEKLY INDEMNITY IS PAYABLE EVERY TWO MONTHS. Special Accidents for which Double Benefits arc Payable: •*f. If Injuries are sustained by means as afore*ald, (I) while the Insured is rldlnjr as a passenger in or on any public passeuger conveyance, using steam, compressed air. gaso line, cable or electricity as a motive power, or (2) while riding in a regular passenger ele vator, or (3) while riding a bicycle (not In a race for prize or purse, concerning which risk, see condition two), or (4) In consequeuc of the burning of a building In which the Insured shall tie at the commencement of the fire, the amount to be paid shall lie double tbe suui specified in the clause under which claim is made, subject to all the conditions of this Policy." WEEKLY INDEMNITY for total disability from any disease (excepting rheu matism or tubucular, veneral or alcoholic diseases, and Insanity). $25.00 Limit of Illness indemnity, 26 weeks Limit of accident indemnity, 200 weeks. Annual Cost ( annually only) ! Select and Pref. Ages 18 to 50 inclusive, $65 Ages 51 to 60 inclusive, 75 Ordinary $83.50 A FEW AGENTS WANTED JONES J. DARBY, District Agent. Here is a Bargain. Two excelent corner building lots within five minutes walk of Carpet Mill. These lots will be sold on the Easy Payment Plan of only $3 per month. Here is an opportunity of a lifetime for working people. Apply to BI>. H. X>eCATVl I*.