Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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WE GUARANTEE The Reliability of Every Adver tiser Who Uses the Col- J umns of This Paper. The Ledger. P. o. SrArr, I’rcNident. J. O. WaudlAw, Vlw-l’peHldent THE HATIOHAL BANK OF GAFFHEY. Capital $50,000.00. iiN.Vmni hU f dr poults » nniJa libifful luuns on approviHl pufxjr. I), f. Kom, (.’asnlttr. A Newspaper in ali that the Word Implres and Devoted to the Best Interests of the People of Cherokee County. ESTABLISHED FEB. 10, 185)4. GAFFNEY CITY. S. C., SATURDAY, JULY 7, 1898. $1.00 A YEAR. THE FOURTH. rirs ieaiilifui and Pa tristic Speed TtaiisziidG of Sfcorctans, Assisted iiy Their Friends from Adjacent Gnynties and frcm North Caro lina, Jain in the Celebra tion of the Oay. The Fourth has come and gone and those who predicted that the celebra tion would be a laiinre have con cluded they are not prophets. It was a success beyond the dreams of the most sanguine and we feel safe in saying that not one of the promoters had the remotest idea that it would be such a magnificent atfair. Strangers and visitors began to arrive in the city Saturday and by Sunday evening there had been col lected a fair sized crowd for the cele bration. Early Monday morning the vehicles began to arrive from the country and the early morning trains brought in great crowds. A special train over the O. Ti. A C. brought in several hundred people at 10 o’clock. The crowd was variously estimated at from fjOOO to 8<*U0 people. In our judgment a conservative estimate would be 5000. Senator MeLaurin and Attorney General Rarber arrived Sunday night and were thes guest of Col. T. 13. Butler at the Gaffney Hotel. The procession was formed in the square at 9:130 o’clock and pro ceeded to the tournament ground on Rutledge avenue in the following order: Mounted Police. Detachment of the Gaffney Light Infantry. Distinguished guests in carriages. Gaffney Cornet Band. Bicycle Club on decorated bicycles and in costumes. Citizens in carriages, floats, etc. On arriving at the grounds the tournament racing was at once begun. The first prize was won by J. P. Shuford, E. C. Byars second. There were seven riders. After the tournament the crowd repaired to Limestone—the prettiest spot imaginable for a celebration of any kind. The bicycle races were commenced without delay. The mile race was won by Charley Stacy, of this place, John Smith, of Clover, second. The half mile race was won by Dever Little, of this place, Ervin Hardin second. The quarter mile race was won by Girard Sherer, of Blacksburg, Stanyarne Little, of this place, second. In the race for boys under fifteen years of age Dervirf Jones and Ralph Surratt lied. When the bicycle^ces were fin ished a recess was takeV for dinner. Quite a number carried their dinners in baskets and spread it under the beautiful shade of the grand old oaks. Others patronized the barbecue and the snack stands. After dinner the crowd lounged about whild the band executed a number of beautiful selec tions. At 2:30 Senator MeLaurin ascended the speakers’ stand, and as he did so a round of applause rent the air. The band played a selection. Then Mr. Butler stepped to the front and in his usual graceful style introdaced Senator MeLaurin, who spoke as follows: We have assembled for the pur pose of celebrating the one hundred and twenty-second anniversary of the natal day of our republic. We renew today allegiance to the principles for which our forefathers suffered, in or der that we might enjoy a measure of liberty and prosperity never before allotted to the people of any nation.' . There was another summer day, nearly two thousand years ago, it may have been the Fourth day- of July (we at least do not know that it was not, while we do know that it was in the time of summer), when the son of an humble carpenter, a lowly Nazarene, despised by the wealthy and aristocratic, but beloved by the common people, descended into the water, and the voice of God spoke from the clouds, saying: ''This is my beloved Son in whom I am well pleased.” The Son of God had come to teach the world that ‘‘all men were created equal,” and the only com mandment He gave was "to love one- another”—a universal brotherhood of the subjects of God. This was the first that the world had ever heard of the true science of political econ omy. Ambition, avarice and lust bade tnen put aside the unwelcome troth, ^tnd Instead of the doctrine of equal ity, there was taught the divine right ' of kings to rule and of the strong to oppress the weak. One hundred ami twenty-two years ago there was not a foot of ground upon the earth where the voice of liberty could be heard. A group of men, almost all of them farmers, met in Independence Hall and startled the world with the De claration, first made by the "1‘rince of Peace,” that "All men are created equal.” Liberty awoke from the sleep of centuries, her fetters were unbound, and the old bell rang out the glad tidings of the birth of a new nation that was to bring about the freedom of the world; its tones rever berated along the peaks of the Alle- ghanies down to the shore of the Southern sea where the waves joined in the chorus; the winds whispered them across Northern plains until they were echoed back from the gran ite rocks of New Hampshire. The i words of that Declaration of Inde- , pendence have never ceased to rever- 1 berate throughout the world. Repub- I lies have been established in Europe, Asia, Africa and the islands of the j seas. No civilized nation exists where , the people have not been accorded i priceless liberties they did not pos- ! sess when that band of patriots laid the foundation of our republic upon ! the corner-stone of Divine govern ment. "All men are created equal,” and the governments derive their first power from the consent of the gov erned. The Bible tells us that we are all equal in the sight of God and that no man will enter the Kingdom of Heaven who does not desire to be come a subject of Godw It would seem that u divine mind in a single thought expressed the scheme of government by which God rules the world and by which it is intended men should rule themselves. What is revolution? What myste rious influences work in the minds and souls of men until the divine yearning of a whole people finds ex pression in the words of a Patrick Henry, "Give me liberty or give me death!” Who can understand it? We can i read of the battles and recount the exploits of the many revolutions that have occurred in the history of man kind. We can look back and see the wise heads of Franklin, Jefferson, Madison, Hamilton and Pinckney around the council board. Amid the smoke of battle we can see great figures that tower above their fellows. The calm brow and chiseled lips of Washington, the ringing voices of Marion and Sumter, the flashing eyes of the fiery Morgan as he turned at Cowpens, like an angry tiger at bay; but. after all, these are but surface indications. The soul of a revolution lies deeper. Some one has said that far back in the dim night of time, some slave raised his weary head and looking at the blue dome of the clear sky caught sudden inspiration from God’s free sunlight, free air, and the glad song of God’s free birds and said that he also of right was free. That vision of liberty which flashed in upon the soul of that unknown bondsman has been an undying revelation for all climes and every succeeding age. With it came liberty, and with liberty came democracy, lighted in a never-dying flame by God’s eternal truth. It has its foundation not in reason. The birds of the air^ard the beasts of the forest will often, without apparent cause, cross rivers, mountains and plains, until they find the region best suited to their nature and develop ment. So does mankind in obedi ence to some suttle instinct yearn after and seek that liberty, which means democracy embodied into a theory of government. When oppres sion and wrong has dammed the tide back, until the pressure breaks down all opposition, the waters rush forth and sweep away everything in their path. This, history calls revolution. We can chronicle the great events, but we seem forever to fail catching the divine inspiration, which some day in obedience to a higher power will free each Individual from the tyranny of hia fellow man. Well for the nation which seizes the true spirit of revolution. It comes to a nation once in awhile, and then it escapes ua like a ghost, that, with noiseless feet and finger on lips, passes on into the realm of mist and silence. Standing here today we should catch new inspiration and fresh vigor from the story of revolutionary days. It is eminently proper that once a year we should meet and recount, not only the deeds of valor and heroic suf fering by which our forefat hers gained liberty, but that we should recall the principles for which they fought, in order that we may not he lulled to sleep by fancied security, and awake to find that our limbs .have been fet tered and our freedom lost. Better that our wrists and ankles be bound in chains of iron and our souls and hearts free, than that our wrists and ankles be free and our hearts and souls be bound in chains of gold. Bet ter that we be feeble than that we use our strength to oppress our weaker brothers; better to be poor than that we use our wealth to degrade human ity; better to be ignorant than use our learning to the disadvantage of our fellows. In our government there should be no masses, no classes, each voter is supposed to be a sovereign and he owes it to himself and to his country that he rule wisely and well. Eternal vigilance is the price of liberty, and in this connection no wiser words could be had than the prophetic lan guage of the Father of our country in his Farewell Address. There is no spot within the fair domain of Columbia’s land where tiie lessons of the early days of our repub lic can better be learned than where wo are gathered today. Every school hoy knows the story of the seven years during which wo strove for in dependence. We all know the glories of Bunker Hill, Bennington and Ti- conderoga; we know how the fires of patriotism burned brightly and how our inspired leader, George Washing ton, was worshipped by the people. We have all read of the magnificent fight the sons of South Carolina made at Fort Moultrie. Then wo remem ber the sad days following the defeat of Washington at Braudywine and at Germantown; the terrible winter at Valley Forge. How the Continental Congress refused supplies, and the deeds of Washington were forgotten ; how tve blamed him for our distress. The people of a hundred years ago were very human. We remember the Wyoming massacre; we remem ber how Savannah and Augusta were captured; how Charleston surren dered; and the defeat of Camden, which ended all armed resistance to British rule in tho Carolinas, as it had been ended in Georgia. We re member how,’ with a discredited cur rency. a soldier’s wages for a month would not more than buy him u din ner in a good hotel; we remember through the pages of history how our patriots starved and fro/.e when icy winter fettered the northern streams, and how they laid out under the southern pities and prayed that their cabin homes might be spared, and how, amid those prayers, the lights from the mountain sides showed that their supplications had not been heard, and that even then their cabins were on fire, while the shrieks of women and children told of worse fates for loved ones than mortal tongue can describe. The British troops, flushed with victory, their officers resplendent in gold lace, well fed and warmly clothed, were treated to the best in the land by tories, who should have helped their patriotic brethren. Gen. Gates, the ideal of the people of the North, was removed and Gen. Greene given command of the less than two thousand half clad, half starved sol diers of the Continental Army. But " Freedom's buttle once bexun. Reiiueutlied by bleed In jr sire to son, Tho’ battle oft, is ever won.” To the South were Cornwallis and Tarleton, wined, dined and feted. Tarleton, the Adonis of the British Army “In speech, in fruit. In diet, in affections of deliirlit. in military rules, humors of blood, lie was tiie mark and frlass, copy and book. That fashioned others." This was the situation of affairs at King’s Mountain in October, when our people showed the stuff of which they were made. Three months later (January 18th, 1781), the old team ster, Gen. Morgan, defeated tho Brit ish forces at the battle of Cowpens. Then followed the masterly retreat through North Carolina, the splendid achievements of Marlon, Sumter. Lee and Pickens in South Carolina, and the surrender at Yorktown. Every historian must trace the turn in the tide which brought victory to our banners to King's Mountain and Cowpens. I can only describe that contlict in general terms. Morgan, who lead the American troops to victory, was a man of the people, un couth, when compared to the pam pered Tarleton. But as Burns has said: “ What though on h&tnely faro wo dlno. Wear hodden gray and a that? Olvo fool* tlmir allk and knaves their wine, A man's a man for a' that.” Morgan was six feet in height, of large frame and extraordinary strength. His sunburnt face was disfigured by a scar on the left cheek, and a historian of the times says "hla eyea expressed the calm resoluteness of tho tiger in repose.” Morgan was born in New Jersey, but moved to the Valley of the Shenan doah in 1755. In early life, from what I can gather, he seemed to have been very much of a public nuisance. He was forever engaged in some brawl and gambled and drank to ex- eefis. His strong animal nature craved excitement and found its stimulus in rattling the dice upon a tavern table or bullying tho young men of a country town. The Revolution opened for him a great field and satisfied this restless craving. We hear no more of vicious habits, but lie lived a life of almost Spartan simplicity. He became quiet and taciturn. At the Cowpens he told his men to remember '‘that old Morgan had never been beaten ”—a few words that hud an extraordinary effect on his hearers. With vastly inferior numbers and without anything like the equipment of the British army, but determined upon giving battle to the enemy. A writer in Harper’s states (what is not given by the historians, who only mentioned that Gen. .Morgan ad dressed the troops) what purports to be the essence of his address. He said: "Ball and powder kill much prouder men than George’s. Rely on your rifles and take careful aim. They were trained in many battles, we in workshops, fields ami forges, but we have our homes to fight for and wo do not foar to die.” The battle was fought in a beauti ful valley at the foot of the Thicketty Mountain, a field such as Byron de scribed when he wrote: "Tiie (loath shot hissinii from afar. Tho shook, t he shout, t he eroan of war, Kover be rate iilonK the vale. More suited to the sheiUiunl's tale: Though few the liumtiers, theirs the st rife. That neither spares nor speaks for life.,’ Tarleton, with a confidence born of other victories, did not dream that he could be conquered, but the Contin ental army fought desperately, for they knew that their all depended upon the result of tho battle. As the Redcoats charged upon the determined patriots not a man flinched; and while orators may use more rounded sentences, none can better describe the scene than Gen. Morgan himself in his plain, blunt report, which I will read: Kami* Near Cain creek. Jan. 10,17st. Dear Sir:-The troops I have the honor to conmiutul have been so fortunate us to obtain a complete victory over the detachment from the British army, comrtiauded by Lieu. Col. Tarleton. The action happened on the lilh instant about sunrise, at the Cowpens. It, perhaps would he well to remark, for tin* honor of the American arms, that although the progress of this corps was marked with huruinc and devastation, and allhoutfh they waged the most cruel warfare, not a man was killed, wounded or even insulted after lie surrendered. Hud not Urltiuns during tiiis contest received so many lessons of hu manity. I should flatter myself that this should teach them a little. But I fear they are Incorrigible. To Rive you a Just Idea of our operations It will lie necessary toluform you that on the 14th inst.. huvThK received certain intelli- ironce that Lord Cornwallis and Lieut. Col. Tarleton were both in motion and that move ments clearly indicated their intentions of dlslodyiriK me. I abandoned my eneamp- meiit at Crindall's Ford on the I’ueulet. and on tiie Kit. in the evening, took possession of a post alKiut seven miles from Cherokee Font, on Broad River. My former position subjected meat once to tiie operations of Cornwallis and Tarleton. and in case of a de feat my retreat might easily have been eut. off. My situation at the Cowpens enabled me to improve tiny ad van Cure 1 might train and provide better for my own security should I be unfortunate. These reasons in duced me to Like l his post, at tiie risk of its wearing the face of retreat. J received regular intelligence of tiie ene my’s movements from the time they were ttrst in motion. On the evening of the Kith instant they took possession ot the ground I had removed from in the early morning; distant from tho scenes of action about twelve miles. An hour before daylight, one of my scouts returned and informed me that Lieut. Col. Tarleton had advanced within live miles of our camp. On this infor mation I hastened to form as good a dispo sition as circumstances would admit, and from the alacrity of the troops, we were soon prepared to receive them. Tiie light infantry eomnianded by Lieut. Col. Howard, and the Virginia militia, under the command of Major Tripplett were formed on a rising ground, and extended a line in front. Tiie t bird regiment ->f dragoons under Lieut. Col. Washington were posted at such a distance as not to lie subjected to the lino of lire di rected at them, and to be so near as to be able to charge ftie enemy should they he broken. The volunteers ot North CarofiiiH, South Carolina and Georgia under the com mand of tiie brave and valuable Pickens were situated to guard the Wank. Major Me Donalds of the North Carolina volunteers, was posted on the right flank in front of the line, one hundred and fifty yards: and Major Cunningham, of the Georgia volunteers, on tho left, at the same distance in front. Cols. Brannon and Thomas, of the South Caro linians. were posted in the right of Major McDonald, and Cols. Hays and McCall of the same eorp. on the left of Major Cunningham, ( apt. Tate and Bnehaiian, with the Augusta riflemen, to support the right of the Hue. The enemy drew up in single line of battle, four hundred yards In front of ouradvancou corps. The first battalion of the seventy- first regiment was opposed to our right, tiie seventh regiment to our left, the infantry of the legion to our center, tiie light com panics on tiie flanks. In front moved two pieces of artilery. Lieut. Col. Tarleton with his cavalry was misted in the rear of his Hue. Tiie dlspos'iion of battle being thus form ed, small parties of riflemen were detached to sklrinlshjwith the enemy.upon which their whole line moved on with the greatest tnipet uosity. shouting as they advanced. Melfon- ald and Cunningham gave them a heavy and galling tins and retreated Ml the regiments intended for their support. The whole of Col. Pickin'* command then kept up a Are by regiments, retreating agreeably to their or ders. When the enemy advanced to our Hne they received a well-directed and Incessant lire. But their numbers being superior to ours, they gained our flanks, which obliged us to change our position. We retired in good order for about flfty paces, formed, ad vanced on the enemy and gave them a fort unate volley which threw them intodisordor. Lieut. Col. Howard, observing this gave or ders for the Hue to charge bayonets, which was done with such address, that they fled with the utmost precipitation, leaving their Held pieces In our possession. We pushed our advantages so effectually that they never had an opportunity of rallying, had their Intentions Deen ever so good. Lieut. Col, Washington having been In formed that Tarleton was cutting down our riflemen on the left, pushed forward and charged them with such firmness, that in stead of attempting to recover the fate of the day. which one would have expected of an officer of his splendid character, broke and fled. The enemy's whole force were now bent solely on providing for their safety In flight —the list of their killed, wounded and pris oners will Inform you to what effect. Tarle ton, with the small remains of Ills cavalry, and a few scattering Infantry who had mounted the wagon-horses, made their es cape. He was pursued twenty-four miles, but owing to our having taken a wrong trail first, we never could oAortake him. “As I was obliged to move off of the field of action In the morning, to secure the pris oners. I cannot he so accurate as to thekill- ed and wounded of the enemy as I could wish. From th< reports of an officer whom I s hi to review the ground, there were one hundred iion-cornniissioned o ('leers and I wo hundred rank and file wounded. We have now in possession live hundred and two com missioned otiii ers and private prisoners, in dependent of the wound, and I lie mint la are taking up stragglers eoatinually. Twenty- nine commissioned officers have fell Intoour hands. Their rank, etc., you will see by an enclosed list. The officers I have paroled; the privates f am coin eying by the safest route to Salisbury. "Two standards, two field pieces, thirty- live wagons. a traveling forge and ali their music is ours. Their baggage, which was Immense, they have in a great me; sure <!e st royed. "Our Joss is liieonslderaide which tie-en closed return will evince, i have not been able to useert utn Col. I’ieken’s loss but know it to lie very small. “From our force being composed of such a variety of corps a wrong judgment may he formed of our numbers. We fought only eight hundred men. two thirds of which were militia. The British with their baggage guard, were not less than one thousand one hundred and flfty.'and these veteran troops. Their own officers confess that they fought one thousand and thirty-s< v;i. “Such was the inferiority of our numbers tiiui our success must be attributed to ^be justice of our cause and t he bravery of our t roops. My wishes would induce me to men tion the name of every sentinel in tiie corps I have the honor to command. In Justice to tiie bravery and good conduct of the officers, I have taken the liberty toenelose you a list of their names, from the conviction that you will be pleased to introduce such char acters t<> the world. Ma j. Giles, my aid, and ('apt. It rooks, my brigadier Major, (lest rve. and have my thanks for t heir assist a nee and behavior on tiiis occasion. The Baron dcGloabuch. who accompanied Major tllles with these dispatches, served me in the action as a volunteer and behaved in such a manner as warrants youratten- t ion. I am. Dear Sir, your obedient servant. Daniel Mono an. "Our loss was very inconsiderable, not having more than twelve killed and about sixty wounded. The en emy had ton commissioned officers and upwards of one hundred rank and file killed, two hundred rank and file wounded, and twenty-seven officers and more than five hundred privates which fell into our hands, with two pieces of artillery, two standards, eight hundred stands of arms, one traveling forge, thirty-five wagons, ten negroes, and upwards of one hun dred dragoon horses.” Such is Mor gan’s report. Tarleton and his "wild devils” had met a wilder devil than the best of them. The backwoodsmen of the Carolinas hud produced a leader and soldiery more than a match for the best soldiery of the old world. Although our success was complete it will be seen that we fought only eight hundred men against more than one thousand regular British troops. I hope at some time to see a bill pass Congress providing that this field be kept sacred and that at Cow pens there shall be a national park where our citizens can read upon in- dellible tablets the record of the deeds done upon that memorable day. Every American should be proud of the battle of the Cowpens, thankful for the liberty that was given them there, and until patriotism dies in our hearts the spot will be sacred to the memory of those who immortalized it. The battles of Cowpens and King’s Mountain were pivoted points in the series of events which gave birth to the American Repu&lic. The people of Spartanburg, York, Chester. Edgefield and^Fuirlield, with those of Lincoln and Mecklenburg, N. C., were the first and firmest in resisting British authority in the south. / The hills and valleys around us are eloquent with the story of heroic deeds. Well may the descendents of those who followed Morgan, Butler, Williams, Pickens, Sumter and Ma rion seek to perpetuate the memory of Revolutionary days. Those were brave, hardy, mighty souls. Once we forget the simple wise men, who shaped the destiny of this Republic, we will blot out tho guiding stars which have kept the Ship of State on her true course through calm and tempest. We should gather up and preserve all local traditions before it is too late. Senator Bate, of Tennessee, told me an anecdote of Col. Tom Sumter that I have never seen in print. Sen ator Bates’ mother was named Pa tience Dowell and was a native of Sumter, and by the way this gallant old Tennesseean is a splendid speci men of southern manhood and is said to very much resemble Sumter him self. Sumter was a great big giant of a fellow with a voice like s fog-horn. It is said his "holler” could be heard for miles. On one occasion, when he was off on a foray, the Tories came and captured his wife, Molly, and stripped the plantation of everything. When "Old Tom” came home and found "Molly” gone his rage knew no bounds. Gathering together such forces as he could be put off after the Tories. He overtook them on the third day and hung about until night. Then he deployed his forces around the Tory camp and told them to await his orders to fire. He was afraid of Molly being shot in the me lee, so when he got everything ready he opened bis big mouth and let out a yell that fairly made the earth tremble: "Laydown, Molly 1” "Lay down, Molly!” and Molly recognizing these stentorian tones fell prone on her face, and after the last "lay down, Molly” came the commands, "Fire!” "Charge!” Molly was re-captured without hurt. The records about Sumter are very Incomplete and I would like to tee something done to do justice to the memory of this old hero. Senator Mitchell tells me that in the archieves of the state of Wisconsin there la a valuable collection of pepers made by Dr. Draper, their state historian, con- eerning butt,ter and I think the state of south ( arolma Ought to see what they are and publish them if proper. In tiiia section the hated memory of "Bloody Bill Cunningham” still lingers. In command of a hand of Tories not far from here he cap tured a fort and after promising protection put every mart, woman and child to the sword. He committed tho same atrocity at Hays station in Laurens county. Cunningham had a fitting compatriot in "Bloody Bates” who, with his Indian allies, received the surrender of Gowans Fort and then murdered everyone except one woman, a .Mrs. Thomas, who was scalped and left for dead, but who, for nearly 50 years afterwards, lived near where the city of Greenville now stands. Bloody Bates” afterward met a tragic end. After the war he was put in jail charged with horse stealing. At the time of the massacre at Gowan s fort there was a family named Motley. The mother father and every member of tiie family were kided except one boy who was not in the fort at the time. This boy was now a young man and learning that "Bloody Bates” was in jail he left the field where he was at work, went straight to the jail and putting a pis tol to the head of the jailor forced his admission and shot Bates dead. There is a similar incident related of Gen. William Butlervt Ninety Six. His t mother and father had been murdered by Cunningham and his lories, one of whom was named Love less. Horse stealing seems to have been one of tiie many accomplish ments of these Tory maurauders for like Bates. Loveless was on trial for horse stealing. There was no evi dence and the Judge directed the Jury to bring in a verdict of acquital which was done. Before however Loveless could get' out of the dock, Butler and a file of men, walked in and taking him in the presence of the Judge carried him out in front of the court house and hung him to a tree. The Judge wag named Burke and being recently arrived from Ire land was horrified, and adjourning Court went, as fasl as he could to his home in Charleston and when some asked him why he did not stop it, he said, "They would have hung the Court too.” There were great leaders in this section and while the heroic deeds of Morgan, Pickens Bratton, McClure and others are carefully treasured, we should not forget the unknown and unnamed dead. On the battle field of Cowpens, as on any other that dots the bosom of this fair land, are humble and forgotton graves, where rests ashes as worthy of dis tinction as those to whom we have reared mighty columns of granite and marble. It was not simply Washington, Greene, Morgan. Sumter and Marion, it was the fortitude and heroism of the men who followed them which made the revolution successful. \Y e are now in another great war. On the streets, on the trains and else where I see men in uniform. The other day I was in the depot leaving New York. I saw near the gate a young woman, plainly dressed, with a little baby six months old in her arms and holding a little boy of three by the hand. She was crying bit terly and an old mother and father tried to comfort her. After a while a company of soldiers marched in to take the train. She bit her lips, choked back the tears and tried to put on a smiling face. A young lieu tenant caught her in his arms and though I couldn’t hear the words, I knew he was telling her that he had to go, that duty compelled him not to desert his company. On another seat I saw a mother, with her arms about her boy who was going out as a private. Ah! my friends, these men have not waited to be made a colonel brigadier. They are not in spired by the hope of glory. There is no laurtd to crown the brow of the humble private who stood on that hill near Santiago in the dark- )ness of night and defied death. The privates go forth portions of a great machine to act their parts in silence, in suffering and in death. I bow to them in reverence, for no warrior even won renown, except as the lead er of heroic privates. Everj man that went into Manila with Dewey is just as much a hero, whether con gress passes a resolution of thanks votes him a $10,000 sword or not. Not only is this one of the most appropriate places at which to review the events of the birth of our Re public, but there has never been an anniversary of the Fourth of July so fraught with lessons to the American people. For many years the cry of the oppressed have been heard from the neighboring Island of Cuba. En grossed with business and the pur suit of the "almighty dollar” we contented ourselves with the old, old answer, "Am. I my brother’s keeper?” We had a duty to perform but we did it not. Then came the culminating atrocity. The Maine was destroyed and two hundred and sixty-six of our brave sailors burled into eternity. A thrill of horror went throughout the land: Our ears were no longer closed to the cry of tbs (CONTINUKD ON |*AOIC KIUHT.) ’