The people. (Barnwell C.H., S.C.) 1877-1884, November 06, 1879, Image 1
On^inch, one Insertion ... $1 00
“ e*ch' subtequent insertion. bO cents
^^Kosrterljr, semi-auuusl ur /eerljr coulrucis
on libeml terms.
^^Contract sd rert isiug is pnynhle SO day* af,
tcr firstt insertion 'unless otherwise stipulated.
_ Nu eoinmuiiication will be publiebed un
less accompanied by the name and addreer of
the writer, not necessarily for publiention,
but os a gnitrautjr of good faith.
Address, , THE rEOPLK,
Barnwell C. II., «. C.
1. In-wrltiig to tMi ofliee on botiners •].
ways give your nnaie ai.d i>3t,Ofbceivd 11
2. llt;srnrw< letters eml cevinmn^rattem t*.
be published should be written on separate'
sheeuvfcfld'fhe al^rtt of eneh eleaify 'indi
cated bjrtreeesssry note when rrrjntrcd.
3. Articles for publication should 1 e writ-’
ten in a clear, legible band, and on only one
side of tbo.page.
4. All oiianges in
reach ns on FfW»y.
AT Till
liowery W agon Factory
FOR SALE.
? —
Mftchiae
- XKXT MI M.IIKU
FoM u|» the robes which the miiujiht has khrsed,
t,*Y tliciti assy, tliey wltl not la- missed;
( rmiipW theIlirbelo'wx. fleecy and ttjflit;
s tbrba t he
frosh .
Fold tlietn 11
For the suns]
itner, float white j
lv^sweet msiden, to-day,
' summer hus.in.lted away.
The ranwspnd HHcs, ao fairend.se frail,
Have gnuc from thegarrV'n dim did in the rate,
And pansies and mMilian and swct 1 t~in)x"onette,
jjUtU-U«i,t,oars oOCoyetnler arc d(Ki|nng and wet;
’Wu:‘Bn'ii»t | ' , wwn'e,sttir-tai<w ♦ts)i
Ere tlie sun of lAaiatuis r sliiucs a
m l U fj U S t #f 9 €m 4t .
► 100 Assorted Sites Two-Horse Wagons Iron Axles and Thimble Skeins.
200 Asaorted Si*e« One-Horse Wagons, Plain and Patent Wheels.
100 Sets Assorted Wagon Harness. At prices 10 per cent, lower than can
l e bought in the city. J. H. LOWERY;
atig4-3m Corner Campbell and Ellis Streets.
Blackville Still Ahead.
Just received, New and Choice. iTie largest and most complete line of Men’s,
Woman’s and Childrens’
BOOTS AND SHOES
EVER PLACED BEFORE THE PEOPLE IN BARNWELL CO.
\ My entire Stock Is new. and with my Ion* experience In th^ftwitnem. I am thoron-
Jy posted, and have selected mj stock-to suit the *4*in«et and the most fastidious.
Ladles and Oeijt,lemon will And It to their interest to call and examine the largest
nnd l owest selection evoroi>»ned in this section. All new Uooda, no old i-t*ck at uri-
~^Td of prtcea. ^1 handle I,oihln* plan |)Ut UQUI^ SJMl SHliEti. Mv nUUoriw Ia Uw
Castor
lard
Paints, farslshes,
Brushes, and a
Full' Assortment
—9F—^
DRUG S
and
medicines:
AT, THE
Williston
“T^ cm. ' AtKtwTtbTnrH^IelerinTnaHon. 1 am poeittve that my stock will bear inspee-
' i *n. and that I can suit thoee who want a tine or every day < oot or Hioe.-—Lateo inn Ice
i , sider Bcvdsan 1 Shoes. My »t-.D>is on the front, street, opposite the depot, between
: own and Farr**!! a. All I want Is act 11, sitl^faetion aunranteed. Always on hanti
ualc and Hemlock Sole Leattier, and a full stock of Shoe Findings.
MABTIM KSELEB,
sep4-3m
SI jN OF GILT BOOT.
Every Housekeeper Interested
In Knowing Where to Buy
Crockery, China, Glassware
f —AND —
r • ■ ' , ■ - ^ . . . , • . *'
House Furnishing Goods Generally-
The Cheapest, Largest and Best Assorted Stock Is To Be Found at
D. * H VTCIE & 'CO’S
25S Broad Street, Augusta, Ga. izr
:o:-
for all QjoJ* in
Tbi* is the Hnuss that Put an End to High Prices in August^
f!ieir Line. ' It will pusiiiveiy beau immeme saving to pnichoso from
IS. D. Smythe <& Co.
II You are hot going to Augusta, write for Prices. anil-3m
E.
E. JEFFERSON,
Johnston.
1
R. M. MIXSON,
Wiliistoii, S. C.
Fire Insurance Agency,
AT WILLISTOH, S. C.
:o:
V...
Williston, S. C.
g7 'f’iin.
bitety and cold.
hue been added, and
nothtooTFiaaIjcerTtaken by other
than
natural proceesee, may be called “Nit-
dural wine;” on clicmtcul analysis yield
ing water, alcohol, tannin, cream of
tartar or bi-tartrate of potash, tartaric
acid, grape sugar and cenunihic ether.
This natural wine may bo considered
the type of all true wines, although Irs
..theu'Milau-.-
In view of these facts, hypothetical
though they may be, w<> need have no
great tuirorise »r (hb failure and death
of our Catawirba >, arm of ortn-r rartw
tlea, by analoi. ou» proceaat s. .
As act faith in Mr. Do CaradrucV
leltcr, ubout. the year 1802 a pjenend
tailure of the vlnee of the country
wrioiteepawlmimiB aee vary ♦ftawlndlM. uaymaanflad! mblah, bsai oontlniie l up
Is a compound of the virtues of sarsapa
rilla, stillinEia, mandrake, yellow dock,
with the iodideof potash and iron, all pow
erful blood-making, blood-cleansing, and
life-sustaining elements. It is the purest,
safest, and in every way the most effectual
alterative medicine known or available to
the public. The sciences of medicine and
chemistry luure never nrndooml on valua
ble a remedy, nor one so potent to
cure
potent
im.
Scrofula, and'“all scrofulous
Erysipelas, Rose, or St. Aa-
Fire, Pimples and Face-
all diseases resulting from Impure blood.
It cures “ -
diseases,
ikaaa*a
grubs. Pustules, Blotches, Bolls, Tu
mors, Tetter, Humors, Salt Rheum,
mors. Tetter, Humors, sail Kneum,
Scald-head, Ringworm. V leers. Sores,
Rheumatism, Mercurial Disease, Neu-
ralgta. Female Weaknesses and Ir-
regularltles, Jaundice, Affections of
the IJver, Dyspepsia, Emaciation*
and General DeDility.
By its searching and cleansing qualities
h purges out the foul corruption* which
contaminate the blood, and cause de
rangement and decay. It stimulate* and
enliven* the vital function*. It promotes
energy and strength. It restore* an<J pre
serves health. It infuse* new life and
vigor throughout the whole system. No
nuffei
We will take only flrat-rlaM risks, and only after a careful personal sur
y and valuation of the premises or property to be Insured, thus avoiding the
P <»Mibllity of litigation in the event of loes. Captain E. E. Jefferson, residing
n* Johnstcn’a, S. O., will attend to all Hie Agency business in Edgefield. New
berry, Laurens and Lexington counties. Robert M. Mixsoo, of Wlllistop, wil
give personal attention to Aiken, Orangeburg, Barnwell and adjoining counties
>Ve • xpeot to make this our permanent business, and will write policies at as
low rates as can be procured In any first-class Companies.
• - ~ JEFFERSON & MIXSOXa
jaaM-ly _ ‘' W1LLWTO
ORHER YOUR e
SAW MILLS, GRIST MILLS,
CANE MILLS, GIN ENGINES. COTTON SCREWS, SHAFTING PULLEYS,
Hunger's Journal Boxes, Mill Gearing, Gudgeons, Turbine Water Wheel, Gin
Gearing, Cheap! Jttdaon’s Governers, Dlston’s Circular Saw, and Gunners and
Files, Belting and Babbitt Metal and Brass Fitting, Globe and Check Valves
nud Whistles, Gauges, etc., and Iron Brass Castings and repairs from
Geo- R. Lombard & Co.,
FOREST CITY FOUNDRY AND MACHINE WORKS, '
v SXAR THE WATBS TOWBB, 170 FIKWICK ITKKET,
AIIOITMTA. GF.ORG I A.
serve* health.
[or through^
lererfrom any disease whichariaea from-
impurity of the blood need despair, who
will give Avra’s SamApakili.a a fair
trial. Remember, the earlier the trial,
the speedier the cure.
Ita recipe has been furnished to physi
cians everywhere: and they, reeognlzing
its superior qualities, administer it In their
its super
practice.
THOJHPSON & MENDEL,
— CONTRACTORS and builders,
MANTJF'JkOT^jRKRH bic '' . _ ■
^ash, Blinds, Mouldings, Brackets, Newels, Mantles,
Bahistors, Verandas, etc.
Doors,
DBALIBS IS
Putty,
etc.
Window
IDrosaed radiesse^ Lumber, ‘ Paint, Oil,
BuJlders Hardware, etc.,
riAXfXG MILL ANu LUMBER YARD, HALE STREET,
CENTRAL RAILROAD YARD.
OFFICE AND WARE ROOMS, 43 JACKSON STREET,
a.i rratJMTA.. oicoroyA. •
Glass,
NEAR
4ecia-1y
EDW/f BA TEA,
AtLBX K. BATES.
GEORGE C. SELM AN,
f
JAMES P. GIBBS
Til OS. R. McGAUAN,
EDWIN BATES & CO.
-JOBBERS OF-
DRY CiOODS an» CLOTHING
- Nos 122 md 124 Meeting St, Charleston, 8. C. ^
For nearly forty years Avkr’s Sab-
sAPAarLLA has been widely used, and it
now possesses the confidence of millions
Of people who have experienced benefits
from its marvellous curative virtues.
Praparet! by Dr. J. C. Ayer A. Co.,
Practical and Analytical Chemists,
Lowell, Mass.
isaa arr six sbsmists ■vxaxwasaa.
oc2 Iv
267 King 8t., Charleston, S. C.
FINE
AND A LAKGK COLLECTION OF
F*Tt A.M K!H> st moderate prices: . 17-ly
A LIMITED NUMBER OF
active, energetic canvassers
to engage in a plea«ant And
profitable business. Good men will find thi
a rare chance ,
TO HAKE MOREY.
Such will please answer this advertis
ment by letter, enclosing stamp fur reply,
stating what business they have been en
gaged in. None hut those who mean business
need apply. Address,
Fislet, IIaxvky k Co.,.
-.mchl8-ly .. . Atlanta, Ga.
NOTICE
IS HEREBY GIVEN TO ALL OF
my former euatotm rs that I have re
sumed the Wagoning business, and all
orders for hauling of auy description
left at my residence, or that of Mr.
J. T.Ingram, wM be thankfully receiv
ed, and promptly attended to.
*. aug7-ly. J 8. SHUCK.
BischofTs Restaurant.
No. 63 Meeting St., near Broad,
CHARLKHTON, H.
Yet dream nut to wear them a,r.iiu, a« t<wl»T,
When the weed, irf the year crush the hlo.wmns of
Mht ; —
For ah'! the ^ay bodice may rump-in’the breast »
A heart full of sorrow and weary mil l st i
And soiubre-hued sarkrloth the*spirit oiay shroud.
While the form ts-ars the colors ii rtaiiuled unbowed.
So fi.hlillK thy vesture to l.iy on* of sight
Witli swoet-siuehiBg poaiea, 'with, heart bounding
Yet fold in a prayer for the strength you may need—
A prayer whlch Hc grants to the sti>Yro-b>* en reed,
Forstrcngt! in it* weak mm*—t slay evermme,
Until winters ai.d summers on earth shall be o'er.
| Ethel Lynn Beer*.
• • ■ i ■
AR F.MNAY OR THE fiTI-TIJHE
‘ OT CiKKAPE?) 1R AMEESfCA.
I hr HiMtoi-y of Three Ccnliirie*
«T t.'naHeccsMrul! Tlflbrt — %%’haa
- are the Conwtlf mta 4a Glrupes
RecetsaaFy f the t*rodaefieii of
Wine The Cost and Trofit of
9’iae^iirovvlBS. *
jlty Dr. 0. It. Ixrtiguc, Blackvilie, Aftaj
C5nipe culture—and. vrlce-nmking,
from the carliret periods iu our,iit8i'ii y,
have received great attention. Tne
Spuuittrds culled the cuuntry Florida ;
the French named it New France,
Impressed with its great lesetobluucu
to their native wine-groaitigcountries.
In IGC77iu thechaiter trotn ChaiUs
II to the Lords Uroprletors, wlu'*, silk,
raisins, cununts, oil, olives -and al
monds, produced here and exported to
England, were free from customs dues.
Free passage was granted at the tfllLfl
tt i e to Fiw.cirintm s.kUU.d in niaking
wine, with their famllitj aliiT ^odB.
By 1082 live kinds of untivo-vines bad
beeu described, good wines haiFbecu
made, and many vlue-yauiu planted
with imported vines.
In “d imixou’s Carolina” (London,
1708,) bte conveyed the idea that wine
making was not prohiahte. In 1703,
“Madeira wine uud punch were the
common dt inks of the inhabitajite
yet few gentlemen were without their
French, Bp&ulsb and Portugu<-ae wines.
In the exports of 1747 and 1748 there
were no nadvo wines, wKUe large
quantities of foreign wines sent to
England. .
From Ponce de Leon’s discovery of
this coast in 1512, to the middle of the
Eighteenth Century, numerous well
directed efforts failed to make this a
wine-producing country. In the suc
ceeding hundred years the-results
were not encouraging. In a litter
recently received from Mr. A. De Cara-
deuc, now of Charleston, he Says:
“For making wine tho grapw culture
wcxct V/Xvi*aUiv nv,v.vi i.» iCXfi’TtO Cjt T>l’, AlC"
Donald and myself near Aiken: others
followed. Ou account of the difficulty
In procuring cuttings, and of the scant
means at our diapt sul, it was several
years before we made wine, and even
iben under immense disadvantages.
The vines we cultivated were of Ameri
can species; although at the time,
several were known under foreign
nsmes, but with a better knowledge
of them. I soon traced tbdr origin to
be American.
“We also imported some forty or
fifty European varieties, French,
Spanish, Italian, German, all of which
invariably died cut after two or three
years; one or two sheltered from our
tdo heavy dews, under a piazza, cbn-
tluued to bear fruit for four or five
years. Some valuable hybrids have
no doubt been obtained at the present
day, but I know little of them.
‘•Until 1861 the culture of the grape
was eminently successful aud promis
ing In our State, the fruit uiatqred to
perfection wit hour .‘rot or defects, the
juice of all, with the exception of the
Bcupporuong,containing all ingiedieuts
necessary for a first quality wine. *
* I never added sugar or spirits to
my best wine; it kept well aud Improv
ed With age. The largest and best
crop was in 1861; the-yield was abun
dant, the fruit superb, the wine deli*
c >us. * * After that year the
grapes commenced to rot, and continu
ed to do so. * * This rot seems to
have beengeneral throughout the coun
try—North, South, E\st and West. I
considered the cause as climatic and
not in the soil, as fruit sheltered from
dews never rotted. At first it was
thought California was exempt from it.
Could a remedy be found for it, no
crop would pay better, and none would
be more pleasant to make.”
Geu. Naglee, of San Jose, California,
an experienced vine cullurist, stated
In 1872 that in two years out of five
the grape crop in bis State was a fail
ure. A writer in the Plantation, an
agricultural journal recently publkli
ed in Georgia, after forty yeare’ ex
perience, says “Grape culture in 'all
tbe Southern States is a dead failure, v
H almost every one of the many who
written onJbe subject during the
flfteecF ysars virtually acknow-
ledges this, in stating that the vlnee are
that the grapes rot, that
they have too much acid in them and
too little sugar. Many of these writers
have had contradictory results, as
their experience, in tbe different pro
cesses of planting, cultivating, pruning,
manuring and training, and as to the
variety best suited to each locality.
To .discuss these mattefs, to at
tempt to reconcile differences, and to
deduce correct conclusions as t
most proper course, would be an
ous undertaking. Yet with these facts
before us, we would be recreant to our
trust were we, without grave consider
aiion, to endorse by action, or encour
age by words, grape culture as one of
tbe approved industries of tbe country.
Changes in the industrial pursuit of
any country must be gradual, and to
iotrodnee a new agricultural industry
ed to {he soil, the
Oft his we must believe the Loid par
-.took at the “Last supper,” snd of
such, we presume, would all Christians
partake fu the celobrutiou of that holy
sacrament. • ^ ,y y
Wines of this kind were at one time
the common production of all prape-
pri'wiftg oeunirtes. At present it is a
VifBeuk matter;to procure a specimen
Of it. . .
In 1861, Mr. A. IlatBfZthy, author
ized by tbe State of California, travel
led over Europe to report on grape
culture and wine-making At Hoch-
helm, In Oermtmy, be found a wine
very carefully made, especial rulea
and regulations being enforced by tbe
governmHit to assure its quality,
ibis wine was woith from one to six
dollars a gallon. The wtc.es pnxtoc*
ed at the vineyards of the Duke of
Nassau and thefntnous Johannesburg,
from Cqunt Metiernfijh’a estates, com
manded fabulous prices, and from the
processes of manufacture, as described,
are in part natural wiuesythe choicer
qualities being made from selected
fruit In years of exceptional growth:
lu nearly every other instance there
are.grcundfl for believing Uv*t the
wines have been tampered with.
Wines to which something has been
/idded before, during of after fermen
tation to correct
qualities of tbe wine, constitute an
other class. ShouhlAhe wine be un
pleasantly sour, from too much tartar-
jo acid, It may be asieliorated by the
'tt'ttrtlttetr’of "poTHSh" and 'Ihne; which
to the ptesrht iTth*Ytj«- evinced by the
nuinerou* articles itt tbe SopChhih ag-
ricuitwral journal-*, wherein one ex
perienced vmt'.grower suggested « new
set of viut s every eight years, another
shallow, planting,. some advocating
dose prntdog> others that the vines
should fun at will on trees, some pro*
|>• sing Ure-*dept4o». of. Past^uiVAya-
tem of lipening vines, and others that
of Do la Heureuse, t
In foreign coutilties the life and pro
ductiveness of the giapo ‘is VHilat)le ;
theOldlum and the PhyUozuia com
mitting great ravages, while ail the
vines in the Island of Madeira have
died In recent, years. Vines were
planted there in 1420; and have fre
quently been replanted.
, A vine said ho be the largest in the
world grew at Santa Barbara, Califor
nia, aud showing by its term of life
had been almost accomplished, It was
dug up, abd exhibited at the Centen
nial at Plilldelphla lu 1876. From rs-
iiable accounts it was but 53 or 60
years old, while a cutting frotii It now
grows at Strnta Barbara, being 1G In
ches India meter three lewt frum the
grouU'l when 16 year* old.- This ex
traordinary growth is abnormal, kfid
should aot be considered in fuuhing
an Idea as to the age or sizu a grape
.• reach. The size ot the vine,
however, serves in general to ass 1st in
estlmatliig its age. The doors of ttfe
Temple of Ravenna were made of
plan IT twelve feet long and Uftoeu In*
rites WKlwIrntn t*he' tru^iW 1 T*f n grape
would form insoluble compounds with vine, as also were the columns of Ju-
the aetti and be deposited in tho calk, 4 no’s Temple at Melapout.and a statue
-the ao.d—<*k a new combtrwttrm wrtfr^
other <Dnstltuents of trie grape and
asMst In the formation of sugar. If,
however, the poteah and lints should
not bg In the ptoppr quarvlity and in
(dace at tbe pini>er time to enter into
wouibi(ii»toh-With the tartaricacld^ the
wine will bo unidctiaantly soar, and
from the scarcity of snear there will
<*,.rAasfUL’M.I og dcflclnnay. of itL<n.
hoi. I' -tray be r gatded a* axiom at Ic *
that vital ()r* cessi a, persistently inter
fered with, either thiough deficient or
superabundant nutrition, wl(l rn-ul!, lu
dhetse, perhaps in death. It le ( orsi--
ble that tho comparatively ebort lives
of some vines, and the diseases tn l
impeiftcilons of the plant, ure. i<t
guiot tkgr-ee xJ ttibutsbly to som* thing
of the kind. If the soil cannot suliptjr
the preper amount of the aecessaty
inorgimlc m ittcrs to perfect tho ot-
gatdc ix'Ostltutlon of the plant, the
production must be deficient in quality
or quantity, or pfihaps in both.
True, natural wlnei have been pro.
dneed in greatest perfection on vol
canic^ formations, and In localities
where j ot.uih and lime are available
constituent a of the soil; tbe use of
manure containing them bus bccu
practiced In all countries. Their ap
plication, however, to soils in which
they are deficient, must not exclude
from consideration other chemical and
vital Urfituntes. Wines are stronger,
more durable and less acid in hot re
gions Uisiprcold ones; white the dis
tance of aft w pnefB rnake-a great (fif-
ference in the product, explicable by
change la the constituents of tbe soil,
radiation of heat, hygmmetrical eon-
dlilon, texture of the soli, drainage, or
Some undiscovered'cause. —
- Ob tl>« determtnntion of these mat-
ters the rrrarmcr.tof the vlgff depends.
In earth" which yield in excess potseu
end Itmo tht^vine may succeed best if
allowed -te-mw if »t ta- Die item, buiUf
as atgal or mam of tartar; or a suf
Hclcney of water Is added to reduce
tke sourness of the fluid to an agree
able standard, then a quantity of sugar
is added to make the mixture show a
percentage of saccharine matter suf
ficient to general? alcohol hi quantity
equal to that contained in the wine
which this fabricated article Is to
stimulate. These processes have been
First Class Board and Lodging at $1.£
per day. Meal* at all hanrs. ncpt H-Hra
T. B. GOLDING.
Attorney At Law*
sep25-ly A1TLET0N, 8. C.
in use. In mors or less degree, for ugee
Pliny mekes mention of tire mixture of
hyney with grape juice to strengthen
it. and Ari«i®us taught this method.
Different .substances were used,
•*. alt, sea water, ashes, chalk, gypsum,
raisins, aud, later yet, potssSu, brandy
ai.d water,” The use of these articles
wtresecreti pf the trade, carefully
kept aud handed down us heirlooms
in the family.
Fr-m lire year 17C8 to the year 1849,
French, English and German scientific
men Were Int»•'*'*>♦ ••d In the Ghrleatlnn
or wlna», and at this day nearly all
the wities of the world are Chapujizrd
or Gafitzed make, by prooeFS* s advis
ed by Clraptal uud Galt, being simpiy
»u additlou of water aud grapd sugar,
made from potatoes, to grape must.
Theete fabricated wiueai pi sscss great
similitude to natural 'wines uf the
better class, and are often in taste and
quality supposed to be better than
natural wines trom the same grapes.
Still another variety of so-called
wiucs is made by the^ fermeniatlon of
succulent vegetable matter with sugar
and water, chemicategmsiueis being
added to give agreeable qualide*,
ofteutlcues with no grape juice lu the
mixture, its oeaairtbic ether being ] can wines,
derived from tho distillation of castor
oil with potash. We may call this
spurious wiuo; of it largo quantities
are mate and consumed in Germany
aud France, one-half of the quantity
of the wine consumed fb Paris being
spurious.
These various processes or amelior
ation, fabiicatloi! and adulteration,
may be more or less employed; dis
tilled liquors may be added, as In
Madeira, sherry and porf, the wine
njay be Impregnated with carbonic
acid gas, as iu champagne, either by
natural or artificial procceSfS, or with
laughing gas; the tntwh may be
boiled to a syrup and then fermented,
or tne wiue may bo mudo from some
ffeeh julcs, sweetened with sugar aud
diluted with water. \
We essay to speak only pf natural
wine, of which some fatr specimens
have been mad# in this region. Tbe
great difficulty, however, is to produce
from the same vine lu the same local
ity for a lengthened term of ^ears, a
wine which will approximate any giv
en standard of excellence. ,
It is an acknowledged fact th&tlusue
nature sports aud hybrids are not as
permanent in their existence as rheir
parent stocks. There Is a wiJ# open
ing for research in these matters, as
well as Into the true period of the
life of iilauts propagated by cuttings,
buds, layers and grafts. Such iuvesil-
gallons would have practical beariu
in illustrating many agricultural
horticultural subjects; for instance a
seed of the Vitis Labruspu, a variety
of grape indigenous to America, un-
contaminated, should perpetually re-
prodnee itself. ~ But the original plait
which the seed came must, in the
course of nature and years, die. We
of Jupiter
In Europe, the bearing ago Is from
10 to 80 years, while more lengthened
periods ate claimed for some L •cuiities.
One vine in Bui gundy was said to be
400yrui8 of age. Some Italian vine-
yartin 800 years old are said still to
bear and flourish, while the ancient*
gave to the vine a longevity of 600
years. >
ku this connection tbe idea I would
devcldp is this, that notwithstanding
the gieat age to which an original
seedling of a pure variety and i;s off
shoots may live, Its crosses, hybrids
and sports, propagated ns offshoots
may disappoint us iu quality and du
rability, after having for a time given
great promise of success, and that the
so-catted failures lu grape culture In
this region, tbs results of ’spasmodic
efforts, have been the couuterpalt of
like failures iu Europe from time im-
am hfetofy“ Its grape cultur*. " 41
We should not regard these failures
It must be adapte 1^1
climate, and tbe genius of the people.
First, we assume, it as an establish
ed fact {bat wine in the Southern
Stater is not yet one of tbe staple pro
ductions. Now we would inquire If It
is possible to .make it so, and then
would it be profitable ?
Of tbe various fluids called wines
that which is tbe simple fermented
Juice of the grape, to which .aothlog
as decisive, but t Ivey.should enter Into
a outlderaiioti of lhi~ possibility of
succ* ss lu making vino-gruwii g an es
tablished industry. But what would
be a success ? And wbul tribunal
tjiould sit iu judgment 1 ?
It might be a hai Linger of success
if i ur vines would compare favorably
with European pperimeus. In 1873, at
l he'Industrial Exhibition held at Vicu
na, eighty-two tqiedmeira were offered
by twelve exidbiiore. The opinions of
the British, French and Swtes Com
missioners are published, nud should.
It is supposed, fix the grades of Amcri-
But the awarns as issued
couVey no idea of the value of the
wines, ni>r of any other American pro
ducts exhibited, for there wt re 442
awards granted to 654 exhibitors. Of
iheso none were of tbe Uist grade for
wines. Of “medals for progress,’* that
is fur Improvement over former > xlub
iis, four were awarded, three for the
class of “merit,” and dlpldinus confer
ring honorable mention were issued t<>
the exhibitors, the're being nine awards
to twelve exhibitors of wtues.
In the ubiriract of the report of tbe
commissiuuets, we find no high rail-
mate placed on the wines, to which
these awards were granted; In almost
every Instance there is an open sneer,
or concealed sarcuem In nlhidlng-to
them ; while the editor of the report*
iu cotmjriserailon for our deficiency
• has not Ifodtatod to omit all that was
plainly erroneous, or which appeared
prejudiced.” Thus, with the best op-
.portdtdty we have had bef«>r« the
world, we have made no poslUuD for
our wines.
Some of Jhe wines on exhibition were
piffssibly pure and natural, but proba
bly the greater number of them were
of the class we haver called “fabrica
ted.” The standard wluee, those from
the drinking of which the expel ts had
acquired their taste, may have been, of
similar grades, somu natural, some
lubricated. How worthless must have
been such a test. We know wo can
make a good imitation ot wine, a sub
stitute, but we wish to know if we can
with certainty and profitjnake such ns
the Bon of God blessed, and for which
no fabricated article can be substtuted.
To make the true, natural wine its
constituents must exist in the grape.
J* vartahiw M are wines in flavor,
.the supply U scant and tho greater
part of it I* absorbed by the wood of
tns ptent Yfre-dvse or chnrgs for the
season may be so fixed that it is not
available at the period of ripening ; to
untagonize-thla close pruning should
be practiced. T he depth to which the
route should penetrate the ground is
at the same time to be determined lu
patt by the constituents of tbe soil as
available nt variable depths. I say
available, for although the quantity
of lime, potash and other iuorgaaio
Gubstnucee m .y be sufficient to lust
eight to six hundred yents, still if
these substances mo in such chemical
coinAteallGO that the plant cannot ab-
sotbtlM'tn in Hoffictent quantity they
arr useless. As well might we expect
a viL# to 11 nr is h iu a glass 1 ambler
filled with foul water aud marble chips,
the potash la the glass aud tholitne
lu the inaible being unavailable.
The experience of the past estab
lishes tbe fact that where these Hub-.
rvff?f "{tfv efoes are •host-
lived. Practically tbe remedy has of
ten te-t-u applied iu the shape of some
alkxtt t» thf jHtee riv nsuuitllxe the
add, and sugar 10 Impart alcoholic
strength.
But It wool ! bo bettor In localities
where It Is intended to make wtrre that
Ihedi ficlent constituents ^>f the soil
should ‘ e added as manure, and us-
similittod by the plant in accordance
{ with iu" laws of nature.
Wo find indl-Tenou* to this region
the Bullace or Bull gtspc, a variety of
“ Viti It tundifollu,” different in many
pilrtknlars from all European vines.
have no right to suppose that
from tbe original, propagated by cut
tings, buds, layers or- grafts, would
outlive the parent stock, circumstances
being the same.
It is supposed that tbe Catawba,
once so popular, was a sport, a hybrid
of the Vitis Labrusca, lu which Case
the cuttiuge, buds, lagus or grafts
from tbe original Catawba should fol-
low its career and live no longer than
its immediate parent, and not so long
as its remote parent, the Vitis Labrus
ca, unless its parent from tho other
stock was longer lived than the Vitis
Librusca. can, with no certainty,
except that plants from a Catawba
seed, unaffected by poliso from an
other variety of grape, will be identical
with tbe original Catawba, it being, us
assumed, a sport or hybfk); but tbe
resulting plant may b« a new variety,
possibly weaker in vitality than tbe
Catawba, tie status having been les
sened by its original abnormal goner
ation, while a hybridized seedling
might vary still more and suffer great-
deterioration, hr possibly be
etrenirUi and durability, to be good of
their class tbe grapes should have in
them water, sugar, acid, salts of pot
ash and lime, and tannin In proper
proportions. If we examine a gre> n
grape we find in it an intensely sour
fluid, with some pulpy matter around
tbe seeds. This, by geotie changes in
tbe laboratory of nature, pleasantly
sweet and slightly acid juice. If this
change is effected to but a limited ex
tent, the fermented juice makes a
weak sour wine, but if the ripening of
the fruit Lae progressed favorably we
may have an agreeable wine.
Tbe ripening aud perfection of the
fruit Is tbe “sine qua non.” and this
but so like the “Alerie,” a grape of
Greece, that Heroin's, of Florhis,
claims J that otigla for it. Of this va-
Itcty, a sport, the Bcuppetnong, baa
fi om ita hardiness and great bearing
quahttes eepfduHy attracted atten
tion. It hua been considered u
poor wine giape Lecnuiie of its excise
qf arid and its (teilctent y of sugar. It
runs largely to wood, and dies under
the ordhiaty By*tem of pruning; but
recent experiment* indicate that it
may etanu ptuuiug white in leaf dur
ing the fall. Should this be so, it,
withitego d qualities preserved afid
Us impelfecflon* removed, may prove
the m »it Valuable of all giapcs to ue,
and produce to great pcrDctU-n amt
abundance a sparkling wine; a quali
ty of which, highly et-teuucd, can be
made at present (torn it. ,
Our inquiry as to tbe possibility of
making vlue-growiag one of the estab
lished iudu»ti tee of the country, has
so far tesuUcd only in pi eminently
bringing ferwatd the positive necesbi-
ty of the probonce of lime and potash
iu the soil in eufilclenUy large and val
uable quantities. The importance of
this must be recognized, otherwiec co
progress can bo made; out* we never
can expect that all localities will bo
equally suitable for wine, as seems to
have been tbe vain hope cf -the great
majority of those who- Lava planted
Can wines be profitably produced by
us? Tlds question cannot be proper
ly answered with no established mar
ket, with B.ri , “ t ’ h so vartwbtp.witb cheap
beers, mean liquors and spurious wines
In competition.
For the production of pure, natural
wines, we may thus roughly approxi
mate tbe,c>»U ;
j^aaawuY 'OPC halt at which
for jfcjterid purposes aad the other
half iu gi up* s,ttt$iu cost cer acre $ 2.COO
Necessary dwellings of all kinds on
the lurm, at, .oast - - - S.!® 0
Amounting to . . - •
This U-iug unproductive for at least
three years, add interest at la per
cent , . . . - -
For preparliig the giound, plants, ••
plan! teg,fertida!nj£,trHlnlu|f, prun
ing, tor throe years, f*J per acre. 4,000
* (
Showing ns expended In thrte years
wi!boiit1ueo-»e
, complicated a* It is, has to be
studied and guided to a successful
conclusion before an assured success
can be hoped for. Tbe add ef the
grapa is mostly tartaric; this arid is
very soluble In water, but when
brought into combination with potash
and lime it forms chemical compounds
but slightly soluble in cold water. In
the process of .ripenii-g the taitartc
arid gives up some ot its cnm[K>ncut
parts to tbe potash aud lime in tbe
er deterioration, or poasioiy oe parti to me potasn ana time in me
stieogtheacd by the plant supplying j grape, while the uncombined parts of
Iu five yeai« bearing, current ex
pense- thu- :
lutoro Pen *13,100, aiy at 7 per oott.
only . . • • • •
Ten Hollars per annum per acre, tsr
cultlvallUK. man area, repair*, post
* takes, work, n aetnng, Ac. Ac.
One tbousaud do Item per annual
for expeuMH of vintage .
Amounting to
$13,100
4.383
During the term of eight ye
•eded and
A.7.MJ
ears, tLw
sum h«s been expended and possibly
more, with ui> icium from the invest
ment ; the wine* being unsold because
not. yet mat :re/-
These estimates ujay *ot be correct,
but are near enough
the average {todarik
e* PounA
.X-
J
- —.... - v.
‘V
—i
- -
1.^1