Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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V Th« Barnwell People-Sentlnel. Barnwell. S. C, Tharsday, April 22, 1937 UNCOMMON AMERICANS By Elmo Scott Watson • Western Mvwapapcr Union Founder of the Chautauqua 'T'HERE was a time when the * Chautauqua was “next only to the public school system in bringing to the masses of people some share of their inheritance in the world’s great creations in art and litera ture.” It was literally the “uni versity of the people” and it was the creation of a man who did not him self have a college education. He was John Heyl Vincent, born in Alabama in 1832 of a line of Penn sylvanians who moved back to that state soon after John was born. Educated at Wesleyan institute in Newark. N. J., he began to preach at the age of eighteen and later was ordained into the Methodist min istry. Transferred to the Rock Riv er, 111., conference in 1897' he be came the pastor of a church at Ga lena, 111., where one of his parish ioners was a quiet little ex-captain of the army named Ulysses S. Grant. After a trip to the old world Vin cent was elected genera! agent of the Methodist Episcopal Sunday School Union in 1866 ard two years later corresponding secretary of the Sunday School Union and Tract So ciety in New York. In these offices he did more than any other man to shape the International Uniform Sunday School Lesson system. In 1874 Vincent and Lewis Miller founded a summer assembly on Chautauqua Lake, N. Y., for the training of Sunday school teachers and in 1878 the Chautauqua Lit erary and Scientific Circle was in stituted, providing a system of pop ular education through home read ing and study. The next year the first of the summer schools was or ganized and these developed rapid ly. In speaking of his work at Chau tauqua Bishop Vincent said, “I do not expect to make a second Har vard or Yale out of Chautauqua, but I do want to give the people of this generation such a taste of what it u to be intelligent that they will see to it that their children' have the best education the country can give.” How well he succeeded in doing that is shown by the extension cf the idea—to the summer schools of colleges and universities, the sum mer assemblies, conferences and training schools of the various re ligious and secular organizations and the summer courses of lectures and entertainments which made the word “Chautauqua” a common noun. It is also shown by the dec laration of Theodore Roosevelt that “Chautauqua is the most American thing in America.” Camera Man TX^ITH telephoto lens to aid them in getting long distance “shots” and high-speed film to re cord the scene even when the light is poor, it’s not so difficult for the camera man of toda^ to “cover” a modern war. But it was very dif- erent when the first camera man who ever “covered” a war went into the field to do his job. His name was Mathew Brady, the son of Irish immigrants to New York state, who was engaged in the trade of making jewel and in strument cases when he became in terested in the art of daguerreo- typy soon after it was introduced into this country in 1839. The man who brought it here was Samuel Finley Breese Morse, a painter, (later famous as the inventor of the telegraph). Brady learned his first lessons from Morse and learned them so well that by 1853 he was this na tion’s outstanding photographer. When the War Betweer the States opened he was both famous and wealthy and he could have lived a life of ease on his income. In stead he chose a career of priva tion and danger on the battlefields, Brady fitted up a canvas-covered wagon to carry his equipment and to serve as his dark room in the '‘-'field. In it he had to make his own emulsion to coat the large glass plates that were his negatives, for the convenient film roll had not yet been thought of. His wagon became a familiar sight to all the armies. It plowed through muddy roads, it was fer ried over rivers in constant dan ger of being dumped overboard and all his precious equipment- lost. But fortunately for posterity Brady came safely through all these dangers and the United States gov ernment now owns a collection of his negatives, which are priceless records of one of the greatest trag edies in our history. It is also the symbol of a tragic career. After the war was over Brady found him self in financial difficulties. His negatives were sold to pay a stor age bill and in 1874 the govern ment acquired them by paying the charges of $2,840. Brady did not benefit by the deal but later—much later—the government did give him $25,000 for the collection which was then valued at $150,000. In his later years Brady lost his pre-eminence as a photographer and he died in comparative poverty and obscurity in 1896. Guatemala Citv 4 , m 'H f • j mm & L mm * mm » -- .awssT - ! STAR ! | DUST | * Movie • Radio * ★ ★ ★★★By VIRGINIA VALE★★★ A PICTURE that will endear itself to every dog lover in the world and every humani tarian, based on that heart warming institution known as “The Seeing Eye,” is planned by Warner Brothers. As you Rainy Season Bridge in Guatemala City. Prepared by National Geographic Society, Washington, D. C—WNU Service. W HEN you enter Guatemala City, you are in the most populous place in all Cen tral America. With a pop ulation of 120,000, including about 6,000 foreigners, Guatemala City is a thriving metropolis of well-paved streets, department* stores, luxury- shops, cafes, country clubs, busy factories, garages, and modem ho tels. Its motion picture theaters, showing mostly American “talkies” with Spanish subtitles, advertise with big electric signs overhanging the streets in Broadway style. At the capital’s covered central market, the largest in the country, the array of foodsttdfs, textiles, utensils, furniture, and other com modities is endless. Its long aisles, and the streets adjoining the mar ket building and cathedral, are al ways jammed with a noisy, restless throng of merchants and buyers. And the odors, strange, spicy and heavy! The fresh scents of vege tables and exotic flowers mingle with the greasy smell of cooking food, the aroma of roasted coffee, and the balmy fragrance of copal incense., Those with weak stomachs may not like the appearance or odor o£^ freshly slaughtered meat. Nor will they find appetizing the leached com mash for tortillas; or arma dillos roasted in their shells; or crude brown sugar pressed into dirty blocks and balls. But vis itors are delighted with bright trop ical fruits piled in artistic disar ray, graceful baskets and glazed pottery, and gay textiles woven on primitive hand looms. Guatemalans are proud, and just ly so, of the fine coffee grown in their highlands. Placards in Eng lish and Spanish remind the visitor at every turn that “Guatemala Grows the Best Coffee in the World.” On the days when tourist trains arrive in Guatemala City, the de partment of agriculture holds open house. Small packages of freshly roasted coffee, wrapped in glazed paper, are presented to each visitor. They are appropriate souvenirs of a nation which is the sixth most im portant coffee grower in the world, being exceeded only by Brazil, Co lombia, the Netherlands Indies, Venezuela and El Talvador. The second most important ex port is the banana, grown in the coastal plains bordering the Gulf of Honduras and the Pacific. Airport a Busy Spot. One of the busiest spots today in this busiest of Central American capitals is La Aurora airport. Here the trunk line of the Pan Amer ican Airways from Brownsville, Texas, to Panama connects with a half-dozen local air services to dis tant parts of the republic. Many who do not come to Guate mala City by plane, come by boat, and dock at San Jose, a sleepy little tropical port. Between steamers this “back door” to Guatemala drowses in the shade of jail bread fruit trees and coconut palms, and carries on a desultory commerce with the Indians of the coastal la goons. Its dingy water front, ragged por ters and fishermen, stifling heat, and main street pre-empted by rail road tracks give no promise of the color and activity of Guate mala’s gay, modern capital, high up in the cool central plateau. The first part of the 73-mile jour ney to Guatemala City follows a gently rising plain, whose black vol canic soil is planted thickly in ba nanas, sugar cane, cotton, cacao, and fruit trees. Guatemala City is nearly a mile above sea level, in the cool and healthful tierra tem- plada, or temperate zone, and the train must gain most of this alti tude in the last fifty miles. Not far beyond Palin the line creeps through a narrow valley be tween two towering peaks and comes out on the edge of mountain- rimmed Lake Amatitlon. For sev eral miles the railroad winds along the shore, passing groups of In dian women washing clothes in hot springs at the water’s edge. It is a convenient laundry, for clothes may be boiled in the springs and rinsed in the cold fresh water of the lake without taking a step! The train approaches Guatemala City through verdant suburbs which give way to warehouses and rail road yards, indicating the commer cial activity of this busy Latin American capital. “Winter” Means Rainy Season. From the terminal, taxis whisk visitors over smoothly paved streets to their hotel, frequently a grandi ose structure with a glass-covered patio, mahogany floors and furni ture, and very high ceilings. If one remarks to the clerk that the air seems a trifle chilly, “Yes, the winter is just beginning,” he may reply. “Winter? In tl\e tropics? And in May? He explains that “winter” in Gua temala is the rainy season, May to October, a period of clouds, damp ness, and dismal rains, although, he hastens to add, “part of every day is fair and sunny.” In “summer,” November to April, there is little or no rain, the sun shines through out the day, and the people are healthier and happier. One may be awakened in the morning by the clamor of church bells, the rumble of heavy oxcarts, and the musical chimes of carriages bearing worshipers to early mass. Guatemala City is compactly built. Stand on the roof of one of its modern buildings and you see a clean and pleasant community, most of whose white, blue, pink, and buff-colored houses and shops are one or two stories high. Only a few concrete business buildings and stone church towers rise above the prevailing flat, red-tiled roofs. Founded in the year the United States declared its independence, Guatemala City is a comparative youngster among the communities of Latin America. Several times it has been damaged by earth quakes, and in 1917 almost the en tire city was destroyed. It has lost its Old World air, although it still has many Moorish-type homes with iron-grilled windows and patios aglow with flowers. Fascinating as is Guatemala City, however, it is but a prelude to that native Guatemala which is older in race, culture, and traditions. High in the Sierra Madre west and north of the capital, pure-blooded Indians still dress as did their ancestors, v/orship their old gods as well as the new, and live their lives al most unaffected by modern civil ization. Until a few years ago, when the government launched an extensive road-building program, travel in the highlands of Guatemala was slow and arduous. Now one may motor from the capital westward to the Mexican border and east to El Sal vador. Motoring Through the Country. Speeding along the floor of the valley, one passes a steady stream of Indians and vehicles bound for the markets of Guatemala City. Stolid, earnest-faced men trot by at a half run, their heads held rigid by a tumpline across the forehead that supports the heavy loads on their backs. For miles, they have been jogging along at this peculiar, forward-falling gait. In cacastes, or wooden frames, they carry goods of all kinds—earthen jars, furniture, bags of grain, or fresh vegetables. Their women hurry along beside or behind them, arms swinging free ly, their burdens on their heads. Sometimes it is a basket of live chickens, a fat roll of clothing, wov en fabrics, or a bundle of firewood. Almost always a baby bobs up and down in a shawl slung across the mother’s back. Each tribe, and almost every vil lage, in the highlands has a distinc tive costume. Designs have not changed in hundreds of years. To those who know the different cos tumes, the Indians of the highlands might be carrying signs around their necks reading, “I am from Solola,” or “I am from Chichicas tenango,” et cetera. It is regrettable, however, that many of these costumes are disap pearing. Native garb has been re placed by blue denim and cheap imported cotton goods thftfughout most of El Salvador, and these ma terials are now penetrating Guate mala. Under the harsh treatment of the Indian’s daily toil, such fab rics are quickly reduced to tatters Unlike the half-naked aborigines of the jungle lowlands, or the itin erant tradesmen and servants of the cities, the Indians of the high lands of Guatemala have main tained a proud semi-independence as farmers, weavers and pottery makers. Conquered but never assimilated, they are aristocrats among the na tive peoples of Central America, and they are sufficiently well or ganized to make mass petitions to the central government when local conditions demand it. They have had much less contact with other races than Indians elsewhere have had, and are not badly scourged with alcohol. Consequently, they have retained their self-respect and are neither subservient nor cring ing. probably know, “The Seeing Eye** is a school at Morristown, N. J., supported by public sub scription which trains police dogs to lead blind men. Started soon after the war by a Mrs. Eustis who had seen what won derful work was done in Switzer land by giving blind men dog com panions, “The Seeing Eye” has trained hundreds of dogs, who have completely changed the lives of their formerly - helpless masters. The dags lead their men through traffic tangles with perfect safety— but better even than that, provide understanding companionship. Far away in Boston making per sonal appearances, the Ritz Broth ers heard that the Twentieth Century- Fox studio planned to separate them, putting brother Jim into “Last Year’s Kisses” with Alice Faye, Tony Martin, Don Ameche and others. They com plained by tele gram, they howled over long • distance telephone, they ob jected with such embittered frenzy that the studio had to give in. All three Ritz Broth ers will appear in the picture. The appearance of Alice Faye with the boys should add to the fun of the picture. Gertrnde Niesen’s first song num ber in “Top fit the Town” is “Where Are Yon,” her lucky number. Jimmy McHugh and Harold Adamson wrote it for her three years ago, to nse when auditioning for a big com mercial radio program. She got the job. Last fall while in Hollywood for a vacation after a strenuous stretch on the radio, she sang It at; a party and was Immediately of fered a screen contract by produc ers present. Alice Faye AROUND HOUSE Protecting Buttonholes—A row of machine-sewing around button holes in knit underwear prevents stretching and makes them last longer. • • • New Hot-Water Bottles—Have a little glycerine added to the water with which hot-water bottles are filled for the first time. This will make the rubber supple, and the bottle will last longer. • • • For • Stemmed or .Boiled. Pud dings—Puddings will hot stick to the basin if two strips of grease proof paper are put crosswise in the basin before the mixture is poured in. Removing Stains on Hands— Vegetable stains can be removed from the hands by rubbing them with a slice of raw potato. • • • Shrink the Cord — When loose cokers for chairs, etc., are being made, boil the piping cord before using. This little precaution pre vents unsightly puckers after the cover-is^washed.. , 000 For Good Gravy—Did you know that gravy, to be served with roast meat, will taste much nicer and contain more nutriment if it is made with the water in which the vegetables have been boiled? • • • Salmon in Rice Nests—Two cups of rich cream sauce, one egg yolk, two teaspoons lemon juice, one pound can salmon, one small can mushrooms, one cup rice, two hard cooked eggs. Beat egg yolks slightly and add to the hot cream sauce with the lemon juice. Add the salmon and the sliced mushrooms and heat ItRvns of Interest to the Housewife thoroughly. Boil the rice, drain and form in mounds on plates; then make depression in mounds to form nests. Fill with salmon mixture. Cut hard cooked eggs in quarters lengthwise and garnish each serving with one. * * ? Frying Eggs—Eggs are less lia ble to break or stick to the pan if a little flour is added to the fry ing fat. WNU Servlet. ^2 Soya, Not to Bo Regarded Lightly When we give a promise we consider it a small outlay, but often large demands are made upon it. We like traditions if they are' picturesque. The Wasp makes no honey, hot it is quite as busy as the bee. The bee,, yen see, understood hew to get the praise and poetry of man. Civilization is self-control. Self- expression, as interpreted, is merely “letting yourself go” and making a mess for yourself and everybody else. When temptation refuses to pur sue you, it knows you don’t care much for it, anyway. We wonder if silver-tongued orators at times'haqp difficulty in finding something to be silvery about. f ont Sissies “Had you the car out last night, son?” “Yes, dad. I took some of the boys for a run.” “Well, tell the boys I found one of their little lace handkerchiefs.” While producers of “Gone With the Wind” are still arguing over who should play the leading roles. Paramount is stealing a march on them. They have bought a story called “Gettysburg” which has the same setting and similar characters and are putting it into production at once. As a fitting salute to Spring, War ner Brothers have released “The King and the Chorus Girl” and Unit ed Artists have put out “History Is Made at Night.” They are both giddy and romantic and have set everyone to arguing over who is the greater matinee idol, Fernand Gravet or Charles Boyer. They are both grand romantic heroes. “The King and the Chorus Girl” is some thing of a nine-days wonder because it is a Warner Brothers musical without a big production number to interrupt the gaiety. And “History Is Made at Night” is completely baffling because it mixes spectacu lar scenes and grim tragedy with f arcical situations. Talent scouts from the motion- picture studios are suspected of do- ing their hunting nowadays in nurser- | ies, for suddenly all ? M ^ Hollywood is in a dither over child prodigies. If you heard Betty Jaynes, the fifteen-year-old opera star on Bing Crosby’s program a few weeks ago, just before she Started work for Metro- Goldwyn - Ma y e r, you may have mar veled at her talent. She is prac tically middle-aged, though, com pared to their newest discovery, for the new contract player is Suzanne Larson, aged ten, who will be fea tured in a musical, “B Above High C” which gives you an idea of her voice range. ODDS AND ENDS ... Freddie BarthoU omew stayed up past his bedtime to see the preview of “Captains Courageous” the screen version of Kipling’s immortal novel and the lad’s greatest picture since coming to Hollywood . . . Franchot Tone recently celebrated his f birthday with a party at a popular Holfywood night club ... In her current picture, “IFhen Love Is Young,” Virginia Bruce wears a dress that required 310 yards of material . . . “An thony Adverse” got a cool reception when it teas given its premiere in Baris recent ly. The Barisians were not at all pleased with the way Napoleon was presented in the picture . . . While Gloria Swanson’s return to films has hit a temporary snag, those in the know say all the present diffi culties will soon be ironed out ... Deanna Durbin is about the busiest young lady in Hollywood. Just as soon as she completes "One Hundred Men and a Girr the will go into production on another picture. P Western Newspaper Union. Bing Crosby Film Star (pointing)—That's the third night running she’s been out with her husband. Some puSlicity stunt, I suppose. How Could It Be? “Yes, sir, these are the ruina of a building that was in existence 2,500 years ago,” declared the guide. “What rubbish 1” one member of the tourist party answered. “Why, it’s only 1937 now.” BREAK YOUR BACK polishing moots Ay, lot k O-CadUr wax gkras fMV > 20 mmomn. < X- lar mop Different Upe You can’t keep a good down; nor an impudent one. FoamgMJua SNOW WHITE KTR0UUM JELLY • The VefttobU Fat in Jewel h given remarkable properties by Swift's tpeciol bUstdissi of it with other bland cootiag fata^ Jewel SpecialrBlmd actually make* fighter, mare Under bakad foods real atom fast* than the coeUieet typee of plain all-vegetable dtortenfa*. THE FAMOUS SOUTHERN SPECIAL -BLEND PLEASE ACCEPT TH,S Z0autii& *1.00 GAME CARVING SET for only 25c with your purchase of one can of B. T. Babbitt 9 s Nationally Known Brands of Lye ^"^This is the Carving Set you need for steaks and game. Deer horn de sign handle fits the hand perfectly. Knife blade and fork tines made of fine stainless steel. Now offered for only 25c to induce you to try the brands of lye shown at right Use them for sterilizing milking machines and dairy equipment Contents of one can dissolved in 17 gallons of water makes an effective, inexpensive sterilizing solution. Buy today a can of any of the lye brands shown at right Then send the can band, with your nam* and TEAR OUT THIS ADVERTISEMENT AS A address and 25c to B. T. Babbitt Inc, Dept. W.K., 386 4th Ave., New York City. Your Carving Set will reach you promptly, postage jxud. Send today while the supply OFFER OOOD WITH ANY LARKA • MOWN BKLOW