Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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fc { News Review of Current «• Events the World Over jpru Plans Settlement of Cuban Debts to Americana^ Roosevelt Sajs Federal Government Should End Child Labor and Starvation Wages. By EDWARD W. PICKARD G Western Newspaper Unioa. President Laredo Brn PEDERICO LAREDO BRU, the r new president of Cuba, proposes to settle all Cuban obligations In thf United States and is expected soon to in vite the bankers and bondholders con cerned to enter negotiations to that end. Credit for in ducing Bru to do this is given to Col. Fulgencio Batista, who appears to be largely in control of affairs in the island. The obligations include about $75,- 000,000 owed to many Americans who invested in public work gold bonds which were issued during the administration of President Gerar do Machado. , The new constitution which the Cuban congress recently voted orig inally prohibited any such negotia tions as those contemplated before 1940, but when it appeared in the of ficial gazette that article had been radically altered. It now orders the government to find a satisfactory way to settle all debts to the United States before 1940 and authorizes the president to open negotiations immediately. This ‘‘error” in the gazette’s com- posing room is supposed to have been ordered by Colonel Batista, and though congress has the power to correct it, a majority of con gressmen, after reading the arti cle in the gazette, gave it their approval. So President Bru, it seems, is free to go ahead with the negotiations. E limination of child labor, long working hours and starva tion wages is a necessity, and must be carried out by the federal gov ernment since it cannot be done by state action. So declared President Roosevelt in his press conference. He warned the correspondents not to say he was planning to revive the NRA and insisted all he could say at present was that something should be done to fix maximum hours and minimum wages. Since the day of the NRA, said Mr. Roosevelt, there has been a steady decline in child labor, gruel ing hours and starvation wages by 90 per cent of American business. As for the other 10 per cent, he said, they were still failing to live up to the best standards since the death of the NRA. Attorneys for the American Fed eration of Labor were reported to be about ready to submit to the President a bill designed to restore labor protective features lost in the death of NRA. It provides that congress catalogue unfair *'con- duct” which would be forbidden to employers and assure workers adequate protection. Violations would be punishable by a fine. The federation is expected also to back federal licensing of interstate cor porations as provided by the O’Ma honey bill. HP OM BERRY, before retiring * from the governorship of South Dakota, appointed Herbert Hitch cock of Mitchell, S. D., to fill out the term of the late Senator Peter Norbeck. The new senator is Demo cratic state chairman and his ap pointment brings the Democratic membership in the senate to 76, the highest party total in history. The Republicans now number 16. Mr. Hitchcock was born in Ma- quoketa, la., in 1867 and was edu cated at Anamosa, Davenport and Chicago. He went to Mitchell in 1894 and was admitted to the bar two years later. He was presi dent of the school board in his home town for ten years and state’s at torney four years. He served as state senator in 1909, 1911, and 1929. A S NEBRASKA’S unicameral ** legislature, unique in the Unit ed States, was about to begin its first session, Gov. R. L. Cochran de clared politics was out. He dis couraged party caucuses among the members and said he would have no spokesman in the legislature. The governor pointed out that the constitution provides that the one- house chamber shall be non-parti san and that the voters had done their part by electing, on a nonpoli tical ticket, 1 22 Democrats and 21 Republicans. He said he would con- >nue personally and as governor, all measures for new forms of tax ation. C' INANCIAL status of American *■ farmers may be much improved, am reports of governmental agen cies say, but some of them still ap pear to need a lot of help. Sena tor F. Ryan Duffy of Wisconsin aaked federal officials to allot $10,- •00,000 to aid the Wisconsin farm ers who are suffering from the ef fects ef the drouth. “This would be $200 per farm,” be said, "and considering the high pries of hay and other Hams of feed, tt would be difficult to make a f"** 11 —■ sum cover the needs which would develop during the winter season.” Duffy estimated 40,000 to 50,000 Wisconsin farmers would need as sistance in purchasing live stock this winter. He said at least 35,000 farmers in the drouth area and from 10,000 to 15,000 outside the drouth districts were in need of aid. In addition, he said, between 30,000 and 40,000 farmers would need gov ernment aid in purchasing seed for the 1937 crop. rj OVERNMENT officials, from ^ the President down, were anx ious to prevent the export of Amer ican airplanes to Spain, license for which was given perforce by the State department to Robert Cuse, a Jersey City airplane broker. Cuse proposes to send $2,777,000 worth of planes to the Spanish loyalists, and his action was criticized in Washington as "legal but unpatri otic.” Senator Key Pittman of Ne vada, chairman of the foreign rela tions committee, assailed the Cuse deal as improper and dangerous and said it might embarrass not only the United States bu f also other nations in their efforts to enforce the hands off policy toward the Spanish war. Congress may be able to rush through prohibitive legislation before the planes are shipped. Meantime pressure was being brought to bear on Cuse to cancel the deal. W HEN the German steamer Palos was captured by Span ish loyalists at Bilbao because it carried war munitions supposedly destined for the Franco forces, the Berlin government demanded its release under threat of reprisal. The Basque authorities, when the German cruiser, Koenigsberg, ar rived at Bilbao, let the Palos go, but held on to the cargo and to one Spanish citizen who was a passen ger. This did not satisfy the com mander of the cruiser who insisted the cargo and the Spaniard must be released. The authorities defi antly refused this, and several more German warships were ordered to the Bilbao sector. There was a report in Berlin that Hitler had been advised by Mus solini to withdraw as gracefully as possible from the Spanish embrog- lio, and that II Duce himself had decided to cease supporting Franco and the insurgents. It was believed Hitler would avoid war measures in this erisis, and both Great Britain and France were hopeful that he would preserve peace because they have offered to help his economic and colonial needs in return for nonintervention in the Spanish conflict. However, informed German sources said the Anglo-French note sent Christmas, urging a cessation of German vol unteer enlistments for Spain had come too late, and that Germany will permit and even encourage a continuance of such enlistments. T. V. Soong p HIANG KAI - SHEK, generalis- ^ simo of China and its dictator, is back in Nanking. Marshal Chang, who held him prisoner in Sianfu for two weeks, also is in the Nationalist capital, avowedly repentant and ready to submit to any - punishment. The danger of civil war has passed for the time. The terms on which Chang re leased Chiang have not been made pub lic. The dictator is sued a statement, directed to his kidnaper, commend ing his change of heart and promis ing to use his influence to obtain leniency for him; and Chang also gave out a statement admitting his grievous fault. These developments would seem to have quieted down the Oriental situation, but there is another mat ter that threatens continued trouble. This is the prospect that Chiang may decide to confine his attention largely to military affairs and to make Dr. T. V. Soong, his brother- in-law, premier. Soong, who used to be minister of finance, stands high among those who favor a strong foreign policy, including re sistance to further encroachments by Japan. Therefore it is easy to see that his elevation to the pre miership would greatly annoy To- kio and might easily bring about an open break between the two na tions. Since Marshal Chang is one of those demanding war with Japan, it is rumored that the appointment of Soong was the specified reward for his release of Chiang and sub-, mission to discipline. Lf RANGE took a census in 1936, 1 and the figures, just given out, show the population of the republic on August 3 was 41,905,988. This was an increase of 71,045 over the last previous census, taken in 1931. Of the total, 2,453,507 are foreigners, their number having decreased by 437,411. Washinqtoni: Digest S, National Topics Interpreted By WILLIAM BRUCKART N A f IC N A 1 H Washington.—The Capital city has returned to normalcy. It is not the _ , normalcy of Janu- Back to ary, 1935, or the Normalcy years immediately preceding, but the normalcy of the year in which that quadrennial spectacle, an inaugu ration of a President, takes place. But Washington’s normalcy is a con dition that comes in cycles and it matters not how the wheel of life turns, those who are resident here get used to it and of necessity they take the condition uv regular stride. That sounds like Washington resi dents are blase. And they are to a greater extent than residents of most cities. But ^ paradoxical as it may seem, native, Washingtonians and a certain percentage of those in the political field become so ex cited that they lose all sense of pro portion on occasions such as an in auguration ceremony. The answer seems to be personal vanity—a de sire to be "out in front” and to “show off” by having important places in parades and having their names and pictures in the newspa pers. But there is another side of this Washington normalcy. It is the side of the political powers who have little concern about the District of Columbia as such or what goes on therein unless those affairs strength en the position these political pow ers hold among their constituencies "back home.” Hence, under the dome of the great Capitol building, there is all the activity of a bee hive. The old timers among the legislators have learned to proceed with cau tion and to develop their plans slow ly, but the newer members of the house and senate are all agog, each one with his own pet idea for saving the nation; each one with a varying conviction about his own im portance as a member of the na tional legislature, and each one de termined not to overlook a single opportunity to show the folks back home that their representative or their senator has become a national figure. Then through the corridors, the halls, committee rooms and offices there are the hurraing feet of news paper correspondents, representa tives of this interest or that, mes sengers and lowly members of the Capitol’s vast staff of carpenters, cleaners and chore workers. They are, of course, important only as they make the Capitol habitable but they are an inescapable part of the picture—of Washington normalcy. • • • "Downtown” other picture. All U Activity Washington has an- In the executive de partments, in the bureaus, commis sions and agen cies of which scores have come into being under the Roosevelt New Deal, there is in tense activity. Policy makers of these various units make plans, study, confer, propose or reject ideas for consideration of the new congress and the administration heads. These fellows are less con cerned about the folks back home than are the legislators. Their chief concern usually is perpetuation of their jobs, development of their units or agencies into places of such importance that the country cannot do without them. There is a per sonal interest hardly less to be con demned than that of the self-seeking politician. On top of all of these—the gov ernmental activities of the govern ment — there is still another nor malcy in Washington. It is the so cial side. Of course, all Wasljing- ton society springs and has its Being in White House reflection. From the great mansion at 1600 Pennsyl vania avenue, there radiates every kind and condition of a social en gagement. Outstanding among these obviously after the inaugura tion of a President is the Chief Ex ecutive’s dinner to his cabinet. A reception to the Supreme Court of the United States and the other members of the judiciary follows. In rapid order come receptions to the legislators, to the army, navy and marine corps, to the foreign diplomats resident here and all of these are interspersed with smaller official dinners in the great state dining room at the White House. In various sections of the city and in the hotels dinners, receptions, cocktail parties continue in cease less chains. And if the brutal state ment must be made, the truth is that nearly every one of them has a purpose above and beyond personal enjoyment, but the selfish interest is quite frequently so deeply con cealed that those who are ( being "cultivated” may not realize what the objective is. • • • These random observations have been presented chiefly to show the _ f gloss and the Clom and glamor that is Clamor self-imposed upon th4 hundreds of persons who combine to make up what we know as government. They play, as they have a right to play. mtrm They must have diversion. Fre quently this diversion serves use ful purposes for the country as a whole because through personal contact those charged with responsi bility many times gain information, understanding, of the problems^ with which they must deal in offi cial positions. And so it is that, as Washington returns to normalcy, we have a congress — the seventy-fifth — be ginning its labors with perhaps a confusion as great as any in recent years with the exception of that which opened the first term of the Roosevelt administration. In my own mind, I doubt that the confu sion of 1933 was as great as it is now because in that period of emer gency, the important wheelhorses of government were concerned with only one thing, namely, quick en actment of policies that would help in bringing order out of the eco nomic chaos in which we found our selves. The current congress gets down to work, however, in a different at mosphere. Agencies of the govern ment time after time have held lately that the emergency is over; that policies considered now must be considered on a permanent basis and that if there is to be a new or der, the make-up, the consistency, of that new order must be exam ined with the idea of fitting the various pieces into a compact and workable whole. • • • It is in this atmosphere, there fore, and under the circumstances . of an overwhelm- Time to jng landslide of Take Stock votes by which President Roose velt was returned to office that the administration must take stock of what has happened in the last four years and must analyze the pros pects as far as the future discloses them. Probably the most serious long range problem confronting the coun try involves the relationship of gov ernment and business. For weeks, I have sought information and views of individuals concerning the real crux of this problem because it has so many different phases. From all of this research I am inclined to the opinion that the fundamental ques tion to be answered is that peril that faces the portion of our people that have passed the age of forty- five. It may seem like a broad state ment to pin down the relationship of government to business to that one question of what to do with work ers above forty-five but I verily be lieve that is the crux. It will have to be treated briefly in these columns but nevertheless it seems to me that all of the grow ing howl about “social security” centers on this one point. It cen ters there because politicians and starry-eyed wishers have made so much noise about the government looking after the aged that a natural reaction has taken place in indus try and, in consequence, there is a growing disinclination among em ployers to take on workers past forty-five. Under the whip of competition and in an effort to offset the costs of the present social security pro gram, manufacturers everywhere have been looking for methods by which they can substitute machines for human workers. Where that was impossible, they have turned to younger workers so that the in crease in protection per worker, ac cording to the best calculations, is not all due to the use of machinery. Greater efficiency has come from the employment of people able to go at high speed throughout the working period. This development has been in progress in the manufacturing in dustries for at least 20 years but it has received its greatest impetus in the last three or four years since it became evident that the federal government was going to force upon commerce and industry protection for the older employees Federal Reserve board figures re veal that 16 years ago, nearly 70 per cent of all gainfuBy employed workers were in the basic indus tries while 30 per cent were em ployed in the professions and serv ice groups mentioned above. Five years ago, 60 per cent were in the basic industries and 40 per cent in the professions and service indus tries While at the beginning of 1936, about 57 per cent were in basic industries and the professions and service groups embraced about 43 per cent. From this it will be seen that an enormous transformation has been taking place in the type of work that people do. It represents, of course, changes in our national life, prac tices and traditions but who is there to say when and where this trend will halt. Equally, what government authority can be able to say that social security laws enacted now will be applicable and workable by the time the Roosevelt administr* tion ends? IfeirmMr Uataa. IMPROVED UNIFORM INTERNATIONAL S UNDAY I chool Lesson By REV. HAROLD L. LUNDQUIST, Dm* of tbo Moody Bible Inotitate of Chicago* • Western Newspaper Union. Lesson for January 17 JESUS THE WATER OF LIFE LESSON TEXT—John 4:7-38. GOLDEN TEXT—Whosoever drinketh of the water that I shall give him shall never thirst. John 4:14. PRIMARY TOPIC—Jesus Answering a Woman’s Question. JUNIOR TOPIC-How a Stranger Be came a Friend. INTERMEDIATE AND SENIOR TOPIC— Jesus Meets My Greatest Needs. YOUNG PEOPLE AND ADULT TOPIC— Jesus Meets Our Deepest Need. Life, light, water, bread are ele mental, fundamental things. Life must come from God. But it can exist only where there is light, and only God gives light. » It is therefore a blessed and sig nificant fact that Jesus was de clared to bq the life of men. He also says of himself that he is the "light of the world” (John 9:5); "t&e bread of life” (John 6:35). In our lesson today we see Him as the one who gives “living water” (v. 10). The incident at Jacob’s well in Sychar took place when Jesus, leaving Jerusalem because of in creasing hindrance to his work, goes up to Galilee. Unlike his Jew ish brethren, who detoured around the land of the hated “half-breed” Samaritans, he “must needs go through Samaria,” for there was a sin-sick soul that needed him. Space will not permit a full con sideration of all the beauty and the depth of spiritual truth found in this story. t I. A Sinner Tactfully Approached (w. 7-15). Every Christian is by his very calling a soul-winner. We dare not delegate this responsibility to the pastor or missionary. As soul-win ners we are vitally interested in our Lord’s approach to this woman who was far from God, apparently hopelessly involved in sinful associ ations, a citizen of a hostile nation and an adherent of another reli gious faith. By asking a favor of her he tact fully placed himself (as does any petitioner) for the moment, on her own plane. He was not a distant, learned religious leader deigning to cast a bit of religious philosophy to her. He was a tired, thirsty man asking for a drink of water. But he was more! He was the gracious Son of God, ready to give the water of life. II. A Moral Problem Faced (w. 16-18). One may speak knowingly of the promises of God’s Word, and may understand the "way of salvation,” but one will never find peace and joy until there is a frank and open facing of sin in the life. Let us make no mistake at this point, for the moral law of God is the same now as it was on that far-off day when Jesus brought the woman of Samaria face to face with her own sin. III. A Theological Problem Solved (vv. 19-24). Possibly in an effort to evade her moral problem Ly theological dis cussion (a common practice in our day, too!), and partly because of her ignorance of true worship, she asks a question about a controver sial matter relating to outward cer emony. Is it not a singular thing how men who know nothing of spir itual life delight in the propagation and defense of organizations, and in the conduct of outward religious ex ercises? True worship is revealed (v. 23) as being (1) “In spirit.” We do not cast aside all external helps to worship, but real worship goes through and beyond both place and symbol to real soul-communion with God (2) “In truth.” Sham, super stition, hypocrisy, have no place in true worship. We can worship in truth only when we really know the truth. MacLaren rightly said, “The God to whom men attain by any other path than his historical revelation of himself is a dim, color less abstraction, a peradventure, an object of fear or hope, as may be, but not of knowledge.” Truly spoke Jesus — hwe know what we wor ship” (v. 22). IV. The Messiah Declared (w. 25, 26;. Jesus honors this poor fallen woman by making to her his first declaration of himself as the Mes siah. He is the high and exalted one, but he is at the same time the friend of sinners. To the learned ruler of the Jews, Nicodemus, he spoke of the new birth. To the poor woman of Samaria he declares his Messiahship,. And she forthright left her water pot and went to bring others to him. Height of Our Destiny It is from out of the depths of our humility that the height of our des tiny looks grandest. Let me truly feel that in myself I am nothing, and at once, through every~in]»t of my soul, God comes in, and is ev erything in me.—W. Mountford. Love and Fears The warm loves and fears, that swept over us as clouds, must lose their finite character and blend with God, to attain their own perfection. —Emerson. Foreign Words _ and Phrases ® A propos do rien. (F.) Apropos of nothing;, without relevancy. Crux criticorum. (L.) The puz zle of critics. En rapport. (F.) In touch; well versed in a subject. Fuit Ilium. (L.) Troy ones stood; i. e., Troy is no more. Inter nos. (L.) Between our selves. Lustspiel. (Ger.) Comedy. Nosce teipsum. (L.) Know thy self. Quod erat faciendum. (L.) Which was to be done. Paris vaut bien une messe. (F.) Paris is well worth a mass; at tributed to Henry IV. Toujours perdix. (F.) Always partridge; i. e., everlastingly the same thing. Miss' REE LEEF says: CAPUDINE relieves HEADACHE quicker because its liquid... “ alxeady (Luchred Radiating Truth Truth makes the face of that person shine who speaks and owns it.—South. Poorly Nourished Women— They Just Can’t Hold Up Are you getting proper nourish ment from your food, and restful sleep? A poorly nourished body just can’t hold up. And as for that run-down feeling, that nervous far tlgue,—don’t neglect it! Cardul for lack of appetite, poor digestion and nervous fatigue, has been recommended by mothers to daughters—women to women—for over fifty years. Try Itl Thousands of women testify Cardul helped them. Of course. If It does not benefit YOU, consult a physician. A Noble Mind A noble mind disdains not to repent.—Pope. DON’T NEGLECT A COLD LARGE SQZ $1.20 SMALL SIZE 60c yiAGlC recofaliad Rcaiedy for •ad Naaritl* lulfervn. A p« Purifkr. Mtket tkia Hood Rick aad Hcsltky. B.lldi Strati* sod Vl,oc. Alwtyt Effective . . . Why taffer? 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