The Barnwell people-sentinel. (Barnwell, S.C.) 1925-current, September 10, 1936, Image 2
I
Tl» Ban well Pwplt BiUatL BanwalL S. C. Tkarsday, Scptcaiber 10, ItM
BRISBANE
THIS WEEK
War Financing
France Paya Piper
Lottery Millions
Ability to Endure
One hundred and fifty-three lead
ing British economists, mapping ou<
a new plan to
preserve peace,
say “the impor
tance of Ameri-
pan co-operatior
in the work oi
peace- making
cannot be over
estimated.”
It is to be
hoped that the
part that Ameri
ca will play in
future European
affairs, such as)
w u r financing,
may be very eas
ily overestimated.
If ihose gentlemen cannot abstain
from cutting each other’s throats
without the assistance and money of
the United States, why, then let
them cut each other’s throats.
News Review of Current
Events the World Over
▲rthar BrUban*
France is learning that the peo
ple always pay the piper, whoever
the piper may be—a great conquer
or leading them to war, or a clever
politician loading them with taxes.
In France, sugar has gone up in
price; bread and veal have both
gone up; two sous a kilogram for
bread, two sous a pound for veal,
and the government is held directly
responsible by the housewife as re
gards the bread, for the French gov
ernment fixes the price of bread
as ours fixes the price of postage
stamps.
Trailing behind England and the
United States the French, with less
than 20 per cent of American unem
ployment, are discussing great pub
lic works to absorb the idle.
Billions are spoken of, but the
“millard,’’ French word for “bil
lion," means only one billion four-
cent pieces, the franc having been
reduced by government fiat to thBt
price. If a billion meant here 25,-
000 francs, equivalent to the Ameri
can billion when the dollar was
good, the French might well faint
away, although they are fundamen
tally a rich people.
When Bismarck laid on France an
indemnity equivalent to $1,000,000,-
000, after 1870. he thought he had
asked for about all France could
raise after a hard war. The French
government offered bonds to pay
Bumarck, and the French people
subscribed to the loan 14 times
over. Bumarck had guessed bad
ly. France is far richer now than
It was then.
French labor demands the 40-
hour week and the goxernment
agrees, it also demands wage in
creases from 12 to 17 per cent, and
that makes the country a little
thoughtful.
With a shorter week, diminished
production and higher wages,
bread, sugar, veal and many other
things must go up in price. Possi
bly the French worker, who really
works, while he is at it. will man
age to produce as much in 40 hours
as he has done hitherto in 48 or
more, even then increased wages
will be added to the price of living
and even the worker, who must pay,
will growl
Bullitt Is Made Ambassador to France—Hitler Stirs Stalin
to Talk of War—Secretary Dern
Dies in Washington.
A
By EDWARD W. PICKARD
• Weatern N«wap*p«r Dnlon.
npRANSFER of William C. Bullitt
* from the embassy in Moscow to
that in Paris is not surprising. He it
was who was chief
ly responsible for
the recognition of
the Soviet govern
ment by the United
States, and when he
waa rewarded with
the ambassadorship
it was expected he
would be able to
swing a lot of Rus
sian business to
American concerns.
Also it was hoped
he could persuade his Russian
friends to keep their promises not
to disturb this country with com
munist propaganda. In these re
spects at least Mr. Bullitt has been
a disappointment. But he retains
the confidence of President Roose
velt and will not be out of place as
ambassador to the leftist French
government.
Some observers think Mr. Bullitt
is sent to Paris for the purpose of
secretly sounding out the major Eu
ropean powers on the possibility
of reconvening the world economic
conference in 1937.
W. C. Bullitt.
Jesse Isador Straus resigned as
ambassador to France on the ad
vice of his physicians. The Presi
dent wrote him that “if this ad
ministration shall be continued for
another four years, I shall count on
your returning as a part of it.”
conferred with Acting Governor
Welford and Senators Nye and Fra
zier of North Dakota and Acting
Governor Holt and Senators Wheel
er and Murray of Montana. Next
day Mr. Roosevelt’s train carried
him down to Pierre, S. D., and
thence into other drouth stricken
states.
Mr. Roosevelt’s original schedule
was changed to permit him to make
a quick run to Salt Lake City for
the burial services of Secretary of
War Dern.
JOHN L. LEWIS’ Committee for
Industrial Organization in one of
its initial efforts to organize the
steel workers seems to have suc
ceeded only in leading one big plant
to go out of business, throwing 750
men out of employment. Such is
the result of a strike in the plant
of the Standard Steel Spring com
pany at Coraopolis, Pa., the strike
being directed by the CIO. The em
ployees who didn’t strike later re
fused to work because, they said,
their families had been threatened
by phone with bombing if the men
returned to the plant. So the com
pany closed down and began remov
ing the machinery. It was alleged
the strikers were assured in ad
vance that they would be given re
lief money if the plant were closed,
and that the state authorities did
nothing to protect the plant or the
non-strikers from violence.
How long will America continue
pouring thousands of millions of dol
lars into gambling, lottery sweep-
stakes and other foreign enter
prises?
It is interesting to read that in
the banks of Dublin there are 25
millions of dollars undistributed
from the so-called ‘Hospitals
Sweepstakes." Hospitals did not
get it—yet.
It might also enlighten this gov
ernment to know .hat under the law
no mention can be made of the
sweepstakes gambling in England.
The English are loo wise to let their
money be drained off in any kind of
gambling enterprise, if it is not
ENGLISH.
You cannot even send a telegram
about sweepstakes over the English
telegraph wires, to be published in
countries outside of England. All
telegraphing about the sweepstakes
gambling game must go around
England, her government-owned
wire system will not handle it.
Under its Constitution, the United
States cannot forbid newspapers to
print lottery news that breeds more
gambling and heavier losses. But
the government might forbid trans
mission of such information through
the postoflice. That would cut down
the "graft."
D EICHSFUEHRER HITLER has
injected a little more ginger
into the international armament
race by suddenly announcing that
the term for compulsory military
service for Gei^nans was doubled—
two years instead of one. As mat
ters are just now in Europe, this
appeared to be aimed directly
against soviet Russia, and if the
London newspapers are to be be
lieved. Dictator Stalin recognizes
this and reacts as might be expect
ed The London Evening News
and Daily Mail both assert that
Stalin, in a secret radio address to
the red army, said:
“Comrades of the red forces: We
are on the very eve of momentous
events. At any moment now you
may be called upon to lay down
your lives for the defense of the
proletarian birthiand.
"This is the moment you have
been anticipating, and now your
birthiand is expecting you to do
the duty you have so eagerly await
ed
“Our enemies are getUn. into po
sition. So be ready The enemies
are on the frontiers of our great
land. Keep watch.
“Everything money could buy.
everything the genius of man could
invent and everything the loving
labor of the workers could make
have been given into your hands for
the defense and glory of the Soviet
land"
The London papers say other So
viet leaders followed Stalin with
similar talks The foreign office
m Moscow flatly denied that the
dictator had delivered any such ad
dress as was reported
German economists, worried over
the mounting costs of re-arming
their country, were told the dou
bling of the term of military serv
ice would not be quite so expensive
as it appeared, for more men in
barracks means fewer on dole.
However, the national debt contin
ued to grow and ways of meeting
payments are becoming fewer and
more scanty.
FEDERAL JUDGE JOHN P.
1 BARNES of Chicago upheld the
constitutionality of the Commodity
Exchange act and denied an injunc
tion to restrain its enforcement
asked by members of the Chicago
Mercantile exchange. Judge Barnes
agreed with the contention of Spe
cial Assistant Attorney General
Wendell Berge that the act is
"merely an extension of the pro
visions of the grain futures act,”
which has been held constitutional
by the United Statei Supreme
Court.
FIGURES given out by the De-
1 partment of Commerce revealed
that July merchandise exports from
the United States declined to $178,-
324.000. the lowest
level of the year,
while imports in
creased to $103,400,-
000, leaving an un
favorable balance of
trade of tl5.0OS.OOO
for the month. It
was the second suc
cessive month an
unfavorable balance
was reported How-
ever, compared with
Src ih« 1935 month, ex
ports were up 3 per cent and im
ports up 0 per cent.
The unfavorable balance was re
garded by Secretary of Commerce
Roper as convincing proof of eco
nomic recovery in the United States
because nearly half the increase in
imports over last year in dollar
volume was accounted for by lux
ury items such as furs and whisky
and commodities not extensively
produced in this country, such as
wood-pulp, paper, aickel and tin.
The increase in exports over July.
1035, consisted chiefly of finished
and semi-manufactured articles, in
cluding machinery, electrical appa
ratus, aircraft, iron and steel man
ufactures and inedible vegetable
products.
Washington
Digest g
11
National Topics Interpreted
By WILLIAM BRUCKART
N. A 11 ON A
\X ASH’
[|1
S ECRETARY OF WAR GEORGE
H. DERN died in Walter Reed
hospital, Washington, of heart dis
ease and other complications re
sulting from influenza. He had been
ill since last spring but part of the
time had insisted on attending to
his official duties, keeping this up
even from his sick bed. Mr. Dern,
who was sixty-four years old, was
formerly a brilliant mining engineer
and was the second non-Mormon to
be elected governor of Utah, serv
ing two terms.
School teachers, business heads,
N chambers of commerce, even cler
gymen, might find a good text in
Mr. Son, the young Japanese with
the determined face who won the
long marathon race at the recent
Olympic games in Berlin.
Not only could that marvelous
Japanese runner go, and keep go
ing, but there seemed no end to his
endurance.
Everybody can rui., more o»- less,
but that by itself never wins a
marathon.
The race for success in life is a
marathon race, and real success de
pends more than anything else on
your ability to KEEP GOING.
• Kl»« r*alurM Syndic*!*. 1m.
wni; art—.
A NNOUNCEMENT was made by
** WPA officials in Washington
that more than 110,000 farmers are
now at work on Works Progress ad
ministration projects in the drouth
areas of the West and Central West^.
About half of the farmers on thb
WPA rolls are in North and South
Dakota. North Dakota reported
32,762 at work on federal projectis
and South Dakota 22,927. Relief ,and
agricultural authorities have esti
mated that 110,000 to 120,000 farm
ers will need help through the win
ter in the Dakotas.
P RESIDENT ROOSEVELT’S spe
cial train made a quick run to
Bismarck, N. D. f and the special
committee on the drouth, headed
by Morris L. Cooke, reported to
him on its inspection of the afflicted
area. The President then took an
automobile tour through the coun
tryside to see for himself some of
the effects of the long dry spell. He
A FTER more than five weeks of
^ desperate fighting, neither the
Spanish loyalists nor the rebels
were able to claim a decided ad
vantage, and it became evident that
the conflict would be long drawn
out if the other European nations'
could keep aloof. This latter even
tuality was made more probable
by Adolf Hitler’s announcement
that the German government had
ordered an embargo on arms to
Spain. He thus lined his country
up with Great Britain and France,
and Italy had acceptea the French
proposal for neutrality, though with
some reservations.
These ‘‘neutral’’ nations, how
ever, do not intend to be imposed
upon and both the British and the
German governments made strong
protests to the Madrid government
against alleged violation of the free
dom of the seas. Five British war
ships set sail from Gibraltar and
Hitler sent seven from the Baltic
to enforce the demands that inter
ference with shipping cease. The
crews of these vessels were ready
for immediate qction.
The United States does not con
sider the attempted blockade of reb
el-held ports any more valid than
do the European nations. Secre
tary Hull told the Madrid foreign
office: "My government directs me
to inform you that, with the friend
liest feelings toward the Spanish
government, it cannot admit the le
gality of any action on the part of
the Spanish government in declar
ing such ports closed unless that
government declares and maintains
an effective blockade of such
ports.”
Washington. — As the political
campaign waxes warmer, it be-
j *.»• • comes painfully
Mud Slinging evident that the
r A hr ad fight in 1936 for
the suffrage of the
people is going to be very dirty.
.It is going to be bitter and there is
no way now apparent that such a
characteristic can be avoided.
I do not believe that either Gov
ernor Landon, the Republican can
didate, or President Roosevelt,
seeking re-election as a Democrat,
can prevent the hurling of invec
tives that are going to be very
close to mud-slinging. Naturally the
President of the United States sel
dom makes a mud-slinging speech
and Governor Landon personally is
a mild-mannered man who believes
in discussing issues rather than in
dividuals, but the intentions or the
desires of these two candidates can
not control the bitterness that is, to
my mind, certain to be found in this
campaign in a large measure.
As typical of the sort of thing to
which I have referred is the recent
speech of Secretary Ickes who, in
a national radio broadcast, became
quite ill-tempered in his attack on
Governor Landon. Mr. Ickes is not
known for his composure anyway
and when he gets heated up on any
subject he is likely to be guilty of
remarks that are not becoming to
an official of our government or any
other.
I have not the slightest doubt that
before the campaign has proceeded
much further there will be similar
speeches attacking Mr. Roosevelt
personally and that, while Governor
Landon may not approve, there will
be unworthy charges hurled at the
President.
Mr. Ickes skated pretty close to
the line in his’attack on Governor
Landon by various adroit phrases
which were designed to create the
impression that the Republican can
didate was either ignorant or dis
honest. I do not know Governor
Landon personally but I can offer
this thought: No man is going to
be nominated by any political party
in a national convention, nominated
by acclamation, unless his record
ts pretty clear. For Mr. Ickes to
say. therefore, in effect, that Gov-
eAor Landon had sold out to "Wall
Street" was not the sort of cam
paign discussion likely to produce
confidence among all the people in
their government. It is compara
ble, in my opinion, to a charge that
the President of the United States,
who advertises himself continually
as a friend of the common man,
was guilty of increasing h s ojva per
sonal fortune through presidential
acta—and every one knows this is
not true But to get back to the
theme song of the Ickes’ speech, it
seems to me that the tragedy of his
radio pronouncement lies in the fact
throughou* his discussion he was
preaching class hatred. Every one
knows, of course, attacks on "Wall
Street” are very common in any
political campaign. The dema
gogues use it every hour of every
day everywhere they can find any
one to listen to them. It is ridicu
lous. but it has happened for a good
many years So when Mr. Ickes
made the charge that Governor
Landon was either unwittingly or
knowingly leading a "rich man’s
fight" against President Roosevelt
he was descending to a rather low
level of campaigning.
• • •
1 have seen indications of a re
action against the Ickes’ speech in
another way. John
May Cause Hamilton, the Re-
Showdown publican national
chairman, on his
recent organization tour of the west
ern states, propounded the inquiry
that seeks to identify the "econom
ic royalists" about which President
Roosevelt spoke several weeks ago.
If the Roosevelt campaigners con
tinue this class hatred propaganda,
I rather suspect from what Mr.
Hamilton said in his speeches there
will be a perfect barrage of de
mands to know the names of these
economic royalists. It may not
seem important; indeed, it seems
like it probably is inconsequential,
but if the Republicans let down a
barrage on the President of the
United States, he is likely to be
put in a bad corner •
Without attempting to forecast
what the Republican opposition is
likely to say, I can recall as an
observer close to the wheels of gov
ernment during the Roosevelt re
gime that Mr. Roosevelt frequently
was a guest on the Astor yacht and
that one of his chief advisors for
many months was the multimil
lionaire, Bernard M. Baruch. It
seems also that a very rich man,
Henry L. Doherty, was in charge of
the nation-wide dance (program
held on the President’s birthday and
Mr. Doherty, be t said, is head of
one of the great utility chains.
These are just samples It may
be good politics for the President
to encourage these attacks without
approving them, but those of us who
knew the late Louis McHenry Howe,
are convinced that he never wo«M
have agreed to that sort of attack,,
had he been alive and serving as
the President’s closest political ad
visor as he did for a quarter of a
century.
• • •
There is a situation in the fed
eral government that threatens to
be quite nasty. I
Probe refer to the row
G-Men that has devel
oped between the
Department of Justice bureau of
investigation (the G-men) and the
Treasury’s secret service corps. It
is all very much under cover, quite
secret, but the row has come to
the surface sufficiently to refsult in
a demotion of two long-time mem
bers of the secret service.
J. Edgar Hoover has been well
press-agented as chief of the G-men.
Joseph E. Murphy has had almost
no advertising as assistant chief of
the Treasury secret service in
which he has served for more than
a quarter of a century. Mr. Mur
phy and one of his subordinates
have b^en reduced in rank, their
record stained for life.
The two departments have kept
the facts well covered up. It seems
that something was going on among
the G-men that the Treasury secret
service thought they ought to know
about. They conducted their own
inquiry, their own investigation into
the other staff of investigators. That
is as much as has been made public
except Secretary Morgenthau’s an
nouncement of the demotion order.
I have known each of these men
equally twenty years. Each is en
titled to the utmost respect. But
each operates along an entirely dif
ferent line—Hoover with some will
ingness for publicity; Murphy with
an absolute policy of never letting
his name get into the papers. It
is unfortunate that Joe Murphy was
the goat.
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PAY
The board of governors of the
Federal Reserve system took an ac-
tion recently that
Action probably is quite
M yet thee /"mystifying to the
average person.
They ordered all of the banks of
the country which are members of
the Federal Reserve system to keep
a deposit reserve with the Federal
Reserve banks IS per cent greater
than ever has been required before.
With the technical phases of re
serve requirements and the me
chanical operation of this particular
order, I think we need not be very
much concerned. But with the prin
ciple upon which this action is tak
en I think every one with a bank
account, however small, ought to be
vitally interested They ought to
be interested for the very simple
reason that this action illustrates
better than any words I can write
how far the centralization of control
of the banking structure hss gone.
This action was taken under the
National Banking act of 1035, a
statute that has been frequently
criticised as a "political banking
set.”
In the instance 1 have just re
ported, the change in the reserve
requirements probably will have no
serious reaction on us as individu
als. It probably will not hurt the
banks because few banks in the
country have had calls for loans
in any quantity since business is at
such a low level. But the point is
that under this law, the Federal
Reserve board of governors can
alter banking conditions over night.
It can issue new rules and regula
tions that are wholly impossible of
understanding by the average indi
vidual, but which are almost riot
ous in their effect upon the manage
ment of individual banks through
out the country.
To state this proposition in anoth
er way, may I describe it in the
terms of a private business enter
prise. If a storekeeper in a small
town were subjected to regulation
from Washington and the regulatory
power in the federal government
had such discretionary authority as
the Federal Reserve board of gov
ernors, could that storekeeper ever
feel that he was managing his own
business? I think not. Then, in the
case of the Federal Reserve board
of governors, it must be added that
the president of the board is Marri-
ner S. Eccles who is known far and
wide for his radical ideas about
banking. It can be further said that
Mr. Eccles has the ear of President
Roosevelt. This has been criticised
many times of course where oppo
nents of the Roosevelt banking poli
cies have contended that the banks
can be utilized in any way the qfo
ministration desires to use them. 'As
an illustration of this, the federal
government has been borrowing bil
lions. Most banks are chock full
of government securities. While I
do not say it has happened, yet be
cause I do not believe it has hap
pened yet, nevertheless there is
a possibility that government bor
rowings can be forced on the banks
under such conditions. That is the
course of action that has mined the
currency in half a dozen European
nations
• w«««r« hiwwmem Uwa.
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