Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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I The Barnwell People-Sentinel. Barnwell. S. CL Thursday, May 14, 1936 BRISBANE THIS WEEK ^ ^ ; One King Dead. Next? One Lynched; One Jumped Hitler Pick* Succewor Three Kind* of Gold King Fuad, King of Egypt, dead means nothing to 130.000.000 American* or to in,000,000.000 other human beings on earth. It means much' to England, real ruler of Egypt, now obliged to tlnd another king to “be have himself, do es England says," and bold down Egypt’* anti-British hatred. A mob seized Lint Shaw, flfty- year-old negro, and lynched him on "the usual charge," not 4rtfc«r BrUb«»* waiting for a trial. Joe Bowers, sentenced, to 25 years for mall robbery, locked In the island fortress of Alcatraz, tried to escape by climbing ten feet of plain wire, two feet of barbed wire, and jumping down a 00-foot cliff Into the water. He climbed while sharpshooter guards pumped bullets Into him, .and Jumped down the clitT. Asked when “booked" at Alcatraz. •’Who Is to be notified if you die?” Bowers replied: “Nobody; nobedy cares whether I die or not." Hitler apparently has chosen hi* successor “in case," In the person of Air Minister Goering, now made “as sistant dictator," with control of two great German problems of raw mate rials and foreign exchange. In New York, 175 naval cadets from the German cruiser Emden, name well remembered from the war, explore the city, guarded by detectives In case of hostile demonstrations. Commercial boycotts of Germany, organized In New York, have done more harm to the Nazi government than could be done by any mob attack oa German cadets. California possesses “three kinds of gold”: yellow gold, of which there Is plenty left in the ground; "black gold." which is the oil in lakes thousands of feet down, and the “white gold," wnfer from the mountains, first used to develop power, then to Irrigate crops. Another gold, more Important than those three, combined. Is the gold of education. Driving through this country. If you see a particularly fine building, tall columns, wide grounds. Helds for healthy play, that is a public school. Once It would have been the prison or feudal castle. You see another building, almost as impressive as the high school. That Is a public library. The accumulated knowledge of the world is free. Mrs. Grace Warren Dubois, slxty-two years old. was allowed to keep her seat while the Judge sentenced her to life imprisonment for killing her son. Or dinarily convicts must stano for sen tence. It Is said she thought her family "too aristocratic” to live In such times as these, and wished to kill them all. Another son testified against her. Newsboys cry “What do you read?" The Niagara of hooks pouring from the presses, a vast majority forgotten ns they are born, make many ask “What shall ' read?" Of the hooks tiiaf every one must know, many are unneces t*arily long, will not be read, and need condensation. In this day of newspa pers, moving pictures, and radio. If some publisher would issue n “bookshelf" squeezed down from 12 feet to 2 feet, that would be useful. Paris perceives that following recent elections extreme radicals will be pow erful in the new chamber, and those that have money left begin panicky selling. Bank of France shares drop violently, meaning lack of confidence in government stability, with fear of war in all minds. The last war knocked the franc from l!l cents to 4 cents. What would another war do? When stock gambling starts. It moves rapidly. Since March last year, stock prices have gone up (50 per tent, busi ness has increased IS per cent, employ ment only 5 per cent. Not much cheer fulness in that. Since last March the New York Stock exchange ‘values” have increased by twenty thou-and million dollars. Excellent "bait” for the ignorant. Nejv Jersey citizens dropped relief Invade legislative balls, out. sleep on the door, promise main until New Jersey supplies and food Ewing township. New Jersey 8.000 population, taking 4.">0 f; off the dole, told them otliclaily out and beg. Begging being eaeli family was provided with glng license. That may be “economic relief."' from camp to re- money . with i mi lies to go illegal a beg called Tokyo worries about Klissia “plot ting a war against Japan.” hubbo plot ting is necessary. ICussia kn^ws the lo cation of every Japanese clty|Jown and factory, it would be necessary only to declare war and start dropping bombs, particularly bombs that spread fire. Starting a war for foreign countries is as easy as “shooting up a gambliut! game” among our racketeers; no se crccy or plotting necessary. 0 Kins Feature!' SjnSicMc. inc. WXU Servlet. » News Review of Current Events the World Over — ’ . , ' • 'l 4 ‘ House Hurriedly Passes New Revenue Bill—Roper Stirs Business Men to Sharp Retort—Young Farouk Becomes King of Egypt. By EDWARD W. PICKARD C Western Newspaper Union. Sen. Harrison W ITH extraordinary speed which the opposition considered inde cent, the administration’* new $803,- 000,000 revenue bill was pushed through the bouse. The vote, 267 to 03, j was almost strictly along party lines. The roll cajl showed 82 Republicans and only 11 Democrats voted against the measure, while four Republicans deserted the minority to cast their lot with the administration. The bill was handed to the senate whose finance committee, headed by Pat Har rison, hfld t>edn 'studying It in secret sessions in order to be prepared for the public hearings that opened two days after the house bad acted. There had been predictions that this commit tee would modify the measure radical ly, but the opposition to It in Demo cratic ranks seemed to have faded away and its passage by the senate without material change wag deemed probable. i As passed by the bouse the bill pro vides: 1. A graduated tax on corporation Income which, It Is estimated, will force distribution of $3360,0CC,000 more in dividends, nirf yield the gov ernment an additional $620,000,000 an nually. 2. A “windfall" tax on unpaid or re funded processing taxes imposed under the invalidated AAA, which is expect ed to yield $100,000,000. 3. Continuation of the capital stocks and excess profits taxes for six months to yield $35,000,000. 4. A refund of $35,000,000 to proces sors who suffered financial losses under the old AAA. T HE $3,000,000,000 Frazler-Lemke farm mortgage bill, with Its threat of currency Inflation, was blasted out of its pigeonhole Friday and assured of a vote In the house during the present session. Five representatives signed the petl- i lon to remove the bill from the" house rules committee, completing the 21S signatures necessary to bring op the bill. Speaker Byrns. Chairman O’Connor of the rules committee, and the other democratic chieftains, by sheer po- itical power, are said to have held the farm-mortgage, currency-expansion measure In the committee for more than a year under' express orders of resident Roosevelt. The Frazier-Lemke bill proposes to amortize farm mortgages by the Issu ance of $3,000,000,000 in new currency. provides for a sharp downward re vision of interest rates on mortgages. D ANIEL C. ROBER, secretary of commerce, appeared before the Chamber of Commerce of the United States at its annual meeting In Wash ington and warned its members, most of whom ure persistent critics of New Deal policies, that unless private enterprise takes up the slack in employment, business must pay the relief bill out of earnings. “It is the responsi bility or all business and Industrial enter- culture, returning 559,000 persons to work, were "about normal," the report said. /'CONTINUING the policy of central- ^ izing control over the activities of American citizens, the senate passed a new vocational education bill intro duced by Senator Walter F. George of Georgia and supported by Majority Leader Robinson of Arkansas. It was strongly opposed by Senator King of Utah, Democrat, who insisted education waa e responsibility of the states, not of the federal government. The measure authorizes an annual appropriation of $12,000,000 to be dis tributed among the states on a match ing bas s. In proportion to population. In addition "if authorizes $1,200,000„a year to be allotted for the payment of salaries and travel expenses of voca tional teachers, and $1,000,000 a year to bt allotted f*r the preparation of teachers and supervisors. prises,” said Roper, Sec. Roper “and not of one particular segment of the government to increase Its elTorls for greater employment, if a substan tial measure of Increased re-employ ment does not take place the taxation for relief purposes will come largely from business earnings. TlnAe must be re-employment or a longer period of increased taxation.” * Roper admitted that the adtuinis (ration bad fostered bureaucracy, tm-t insisted that it was occasioned by an emergency, and responsibility for its increase again lay at the door of pri vate business. Various members of the chamber re plied spiritedly. Roy C. Osgood, vice president of the First National tyank of’Chicago, predicted that if the ad ministration embarked on a sound (is cal program that would inspire conli dence, business would make rapid strides toward recovery. He criticized the pending tax on corporate earning* as impracticable and a brake on busi ness expansion and stability. Fred H. Clausen, president of the Van Brunt Manufacturing company of Horicon, Wls., told the chamber thai the rising tide of public spending had been “rolling onto our people for five years,” and there was no end in sight. He declared that the reemployment mandates laid down by I* resident Roosevelt. iJecretary Roper and others were practically Impossible in the light of the Increased burdens heaped on industry. The American Federation of Labor report*d that ■•Rule or no progress had been made in re employment dur ing the firrt quaiter of this year. The ‘federation estimated 12.184.UOu persons were unemployed In Marcn Seasonal caina in business and agrl tpUAD I, king of Egypt, died of a 4 gangrenous throat infection at his country place near Cairo at the age of sixty-eight. The crown prince, Fa rouk, a sixteen-year- old pupil in the royal military academy at Woolwich, England, was Immediately pro claimed king and start ed for Egypt, sailing from Marseilles on a British liner escorted H by a British warship in order to avoid go ing by way of Italy. Before his death King Farouk. p U ad named a regency council of three to govern the country until Farouk comes of age. The young king, who is six feet tall and well edu cated, hopes to return to England to complete his studies at Woolwich. It was feared in Cairo that Fuad’s death would have an adverse effect on the negotiations for a new Anglo-Egyptian treaty which will give Egypt a greater measure of freedom from British con trol. Fuad, a descendant of Mohammed All, founder of the Egyptian royal house, was’the youngest son of Khe dive Ismail Rasha “the magnificent’’ Egyptian sovereign from 1803 to 1879 N O OTHER member of congress has been having so lively a time as has Marion A. Zioncheck of Wash- L'jton state, the Playboy of the West ern World. He has been arrested. Jailed and fined, and has fought with the police; and the other day he sud denly decided to marry Miss Rubye Louise Nix, a stenographer in the ac counting division of the PWA at An- namdis. With a Washington license he dashed around looking for a minis ter who had left the city several years ago. Then be rushed to Maryland, ob tainod another license, woke up a dom- ine and he and Rubye were made man and wife. Next day Marion led Mrs. Zioncheck into the gallery of the house, an<l the members all arose and Cheered them. Perhaps his aqjions will be a trille more conventional here after. S ENATOR ALBEN W. BARKLEY of Kentucky, who was temporary chair man of the Democratic national con vention In 1932 fcnd as such delivered the keynote speech, will serve In the fame capacity at the Phil adelphia convention In June, outlining the is sues of this year's campaign as his party views' them. Senator Joseph T. Robinson of Arkansas will be the permanent chairman again. Yet another re- jpK, peater will be Former _ „ , Judge John E. Mack 8en ’ B * rk,# y of New York. Four ye'ars ago be placed Franklin D. Roosevelt In nomi nation, and he will do It again in June. These selections were made by the committee on arrangement*. Other of ficer* 'of the convention chosen, are: Lee Barnes of Alabama, chief door keeper; Mrs. J. Borden Harrlman, na tional committeewoman of the District of Columbia, hostess of the convention, with Mrs. Agnes Collins Dunn of New Hampshire as assistant; Col. Edward G Halsey, secretary of Yhe senate, sergeant at arms; Representative Clar ence Cannon of Missouri, parliamen tarian, assisted by Representative John J. O’Connor of New York; W. Forbes Morgan, secretary of the convention. National Chairman Farley said that the two-thirds rule, which has pre vailed in Democratic conventions for a century, will not be abolished. The rules committee will be headed by Senat'r Bennett Clark of Missouri and It will report for abrogation of the two-thirds rule as well as elimination of the nnlt rnle. The latter binds the state delegations to abide by the de cision of a majority of the delegation. According to Mr. Farley, these changes will not prevent the practically unan imous nomination of President Roose velt P RESIDENT ROOSEVELT made what might be considered the first of his campaign speeches before the National Democratic club in New-York city. Tammany was there in full force, bnt such disgruntled Democrats as Al Smith and J&hn J. Raskob were con spicuous by their absence. Mr. Roose velt declared his purpose to bring more food, higher prices and better homes for the people. “If you Increase buying power," he said, "prices will go np; more goods will be sold. Wages ought to and must go up with prices. This does cot mean nnsound inflation or skyrocketing prices; this should be avoided just as we seek to avoid bankruptcy sale values.” Turning to his critics with sarcasm, the President said "some individuals are never satisfied." Referring to charges of extravagance and mounting deficits, he said people complain to him about “the current costs of re building America, about the burden on future America.” He insisted that the measure should not be the three-billlon- dollar deficit of this year but the asser tion that the national income has risen thirty-five billions In 1932 to sixty-five billions in 1936. R FK’HSFUEllRKR HITLER has made Hermann Wilhelm Goering controller of national economics, and tie has decreed an -era of Spartan sim plicity for the German people. Goering summoned the commissars for raw ma terials to a conference and warned them they must further restrict lin ports and help draft measures to in crease exports. Only goods vitally necessary to the army and materials needed to produce goods for foreign export must lie allowed to enter Ger many, Goering decreed. Officials of the propaganda ministry further darkened the picture of the near future by telling the press it must prepare the public for a “stiffening of relations between France and Ger many as soon as the French elections are finished.’’ They also deplored the fact that relations with England have suffered. Prince Von Starhemberg I TALY’S victorious troops in north ern Ethiopia continued their ad vance on Addis Ababa, though it was somewhat retarded by the efforts of the natives to blow up the roadways and otherwise harass the Invaders. The Italian motorized column in this movement is the most formidable yet formed in this war and Is notable for the large number of wliite troops in cluded. General Graziana's southern army, meanwhile, was driving toward Harar. second city of the empire. In three cob umns. Tne Ethiopians were putting up stiff resistance at various points but everywhere were driven back, ac cording to Italian dispatches. When rite Italian forces reached Debra Biriinn.only 75 miles from Addis Ababa. Emperor Haile Selassie or dered the capital city left undefended, hoping the Invaders would occupy I: without bhiodshed. The government prepared to move out. and the native inhabitants all scuttled for the hills Foreigners took refuge in the legations, the Americans going to the British compound where there was a bomb proof shelter. */''MVIL war in Austria became a pos- ^ siliility as the quarrel between the Fascists led by 1’rince Ernst von Sta^- hemberg and the clerical and mon archist elements be came acute. Govern-, ment officials, how ever, were trying des perately to patch up the trouble. Prince Von Star hemberg, who is vice chancellor, in a de fiant speech at Horn warned his political opponents that his heimwehr, or home guard, would be dis solved "only over my dead body." Chancellor Kurt Schuschnlgg. speak ing at Baden, retorted that “Austria Is not Italy and Austrians are not Fascists." Von Starhemberg asserted that If In ternal foes press too hard tliere will be a "repetition of 1934”—when the heira- wehr triumphed in a short but bloody civil war against Socialists. False friends surround Schuschnlgg, von Starhemberg said, and the heimwehr plans to protect him from them. For Austria, said Starhemberg, there are three possibilities—a continuation of the authority of the state, Naziism, or communism. He asserted the heim wehr is determined to preserve the Fascist system and would continue as a separate organization. National Td&tcs Interpreted by William Bruckart National Press Building Washington, D. C. C ONTESTS aided by Mrs. Oliver Har- riman, New York society leader, and Alfred E. Smith, Jr., were barred from the mails as “lotteries” in orders signed by Postmaster General Earley. The orders were directed against the National Conference for Legalizing Lot teries, Inc., of which Mrs. Harrlman is president, and the Golden Stakes Ad vertising company, of which young Smith Is vice president and counsel. In the latter case a temporary in junction restraining the New York post master from enforcing the order was obtained from Federal Judge Knox In New York. A RMY and navy officials were re ported to be concerned over a new treaty with tanumafvldeb Is being secret ly considered by tife gtivernmeat. It was said an umorrected text of the pact allowed It provides for "Joint conver- sutions* rather than for defense of the Canal Zone in event of aggression. The grant by Panama for the “use, oc cupation, and control of lands and wa ters outside the Jurisdiction of the United States,” If necessary,* is re eotmeed by this country In the treaty Washington.—One swallow does not make a summer nor does one state ment, even though from a high official, make a condition absolute. But one statement from a Relief high official under Problem the present New Deal relief setup comes rather close to disclosing the transcendent importance of the na-, lion’s relief problem in American economy at this time. I refer to the recent testimony by Harry A. Hopkins, Works Progress Ad ministrator and professional reliever, before the house committee on appro priations. He told that group a few days ago that 3,853,000 heads of fami lies or unattached persons were receiv ing a livelihood for themselves and their families from the federal govern ment on March first of this year. If this be true, and it can hardly be disproved, there are nearly fifteen mil lion persons dependent directly upon federal assistance. And the condition appears even worse when It is shown that about ten million others are re ceiving assistance from state, county and city relief or charitable organiza tions. In short, the Hopkins testimony reveals that about twenty per cent of all of our people are fivlng on relief money. - These figures a!y astounding. They are made the more amazing when one considers that the condition exists even after the New Deal has expended ap proximately twenty-qse billions in its three years of government manage ment, the bulk of the outgo being di rectly chargeable to what Mr. Roose velt has consistently maintained was an emergency. I have reported to you Intermittent ly heretofore the various stages through which Reliever Hopkins has gone in his search for means to solve the relief problem. I have been among ' those observers here who have felt that even though Mr. Hopkins lacks practical experience in commercial life and even though he casts aside every consideration except those inherent in the minds of a man who has devoted his life professionally to relief work, that he should be given time to solve the problem. It seems to me, however, that he has had ample time to find the answer if he is ever going to pro vide a solution. Neither lie nor Presi dent Roosevelt has given any indica tion yet that they know the answer or even have a clew to it. The net result of their efforts to date has been tbp expenditure of money in unprecedented amounts and the piling up of a debt, the like of which this country never has known. Mr. Hopkins lias gone about his Job smugly and with that apparent com placency that characterizes the official who is convinced that he alone is equipped to do a particular Job. By his attitude, he lias created in congress a feeling that he thinks lie is a su perior being and if anything makes a congressman hot under the collar, it is to see a member of the executive branch exhibit a pose that the con gressmen are dumbbells. Some of them are, of course, but that is not true of all and it is fast doing Mr. Hopkins no good at all to show arrogance to wards the men who go out and cam paign directly for the votes of the people. • • • I said that the n lief problem was of transcendent importance in govern- . in-ntal affairs at this visionary time. That is true he- Pol'.cy cause l believe the conviction is grow ing that the whole New Deal policy on relief is impractical and visionary; that it is founded upon a wrong psy chology : that It Is creating in this nation flip greatest mass of panhand lers and “the world owes me u living" type or class of individuals tirat- lias ever existed anywhere and that, in addition the men who are doing the job for the federal government lack the ability to unde.-^tand its whole sig nifieance. As proof of the observations I have Just stated, let me point out how the demands for vast expenditures of money and wholesale methods of re lief for the destitute have subsided in congress. Time was when a half dozen 'so-called welfare workers, col lege professors or organization lead, ers could get a hearing hy the simple crook of a Hager before a congression al committee. Such men ns Senator La Foliette of -Wisconsin, and • Senator Costignn of Colorado, and the late Sen ator Cutting of New Mexico, to men tion only a few, would weep salty tears in senate speeches; they would call for ten billions for this and live billions for that and other billions io:* other tilings and *shout that people were starving Ip the midst of plenty. And they were starving in the midst of plenty, but the shouting and the tumult raised by these political saviors did 'hot provide - a solution for the problem. I have a hunch that the si lence of such men as these througli the last year can mean only that they now see they were off on the wrong foot They cannot help hut realize that their theories were all wet, be cause Mr. Hopkins certainly has dis proved the value of their plans. Another indication of how congress feels is the movement to divide Hie billion and a half relief furd. which President Roosevelt asked, between Mr. Hopkins and Public Works Admin istrator Ickes. The President demanded that congress give the whole fund to Mr. Hopkins. It probably will work out that way eventually but the Feel ing against Mr. Hopkins cannot be de nied. It Is violent and only a small part of It has come to the surface. The congressmen could not afford to see the flow of money cut off in an election year so they maneuvered to spank Mr. Hopkins by seeking to give a portion of the money to Mr. Ickes. Now, it is currently rumored that Mr. Ickes, who never has liked Mr. Hopkins, has done some lobbying In the fine underground manner of which he is capable. He sincerely believes that the use of funds in the construc tion of permanent things like-buildings, roads and bridges gives the govern ment and taxpayers at least something for their money. But, be that as it may, the ground swell against Mr. Hop kins is very powerful and if Mr. Hop kins possessed any understanding of the science of the times he would see What’s It Thus far he has given no indication that he understands what tt means. • • • .' — Where will it all end? "The answer to this relief problem Is not now near enough to hazard a the Answer? guess. I^t us go back for a brief review. When President Roose velt took hold of the relief ..problem early in his administration, he ad vanced two theories. They were to solve our problems and solve them quickly. He urged, the NRA and the PWA, which with the AAA, formed the first battalion of the alphabetical army. The NRA was designed to regi ment business and indirectly force re employment by the shortening of hours and the spread of work. The PWA was to provide a lot of construction Jobs immediately, giving work to those not absorbed in private commerce and in dustry and thus take tip the slack nn- _ til buying power of individuals had been restored. By November, 1933, it became quits evident to unbiased observers that NRA and PWA were falling short of the mark. So, out of the Presidential hat came the CWA. Congress promptly provided funds so the Civil Works ad ministration—and here is where pro fessional iv»liever, Mr. Hopkins, came on the scene—could hire unemployed who had not been absorbed by PWA or' had not been restored to Jobs In com merce and Industry by NRA. It was not long until CWA was ns much in disrepute us the original schemes for providing employment. I believe it was in even greater disrepute because ordinary citizens could see the utter waste and the reckless expendi tures of money occurring under CWA for Its relief raking and stone gather ing and other nonsensical Job-creating results. CWA went the way of any un sound proposition. Forward tlu*n came FERA. It was a proposition of emergency relief. Wash ington writers were deluged with speeches and statements that none should tie allowed to starve. The spig ots of the treasury were opened wide and $4,880,000,000 gushed forth. In every section of the country, federal money was distributed and distributors in Washington were none too careful of how they passed it out. In parallel lines with FERA. the politicians formed to the right. They saw the money and from precinct to pinnacle of politics, they were on the job and they have been on the job ever since. * * * Last year, the President became con vinced that there was too much waste; that FERA was loo Much building nil a cilery Waste tele of millions who were saying, both publicly and privately, that it was no use to work when (tie government would feed them and he ordered a quick change in course. With this change in course came a locking of horns between Messrs. Hop kins and Ickes. Mr. Ickes was licked h.V the simple expedient of a new fed eral agency. Bounding forth came Mr. Hopkins’ own brain child, WPA. While it stands for Works Progress adminis tration. a different name, the initials, to those who; have studied the situa tion, spell FERA and (_AYa combined. The President announced to the country that “this business of relief must end. ’ Those who could not be employed must he taken care of hy the states and local governiuenTs and those who were employable would be taken off relief lint they must do work for the funds which the federal govern ment passed out to them. The result has been a considerable mess and there is not a day goes by that congressional mall does not reveal cruel results, ab solute destitution and hardship and privation unparalleled in the United States. Wher^ will tf all end? “Tills business of relief" Is still re lief by whatever name the alphabetical agency in Washington may be known. It can be only relief and there can be no doubt that it must be continued. Although President Roosevelt had demonstrated his willingness to m«i-» shifts in his program. It is becoming more ami more evident that a runda- mental a I tension «f his whole schema must be undeiiakea. 0 Wvaitin NawapaiHo Ul il