Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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•— ' 1 . - «• Th« Barnwell Peopled—tiael, BarawlU S. thnraday, March It 1996 ' > n? ' OOaSftuuft^H QCqe&t NATIONAL TOPICS INTEHPRETED BifWiffliOwBluciaXt NAflONAL PRESS BLDG. WASHINGTON. D.C. Washington.—Congress, again, has given a fine Illustration of how a horse ar * iu goe8 up t0 the iamp - Neutrality then falls to take It a Shell It «faltered on the neutrality question. True, congress has re-enacted for an other year the neutrality law that was put through under pressure a year ago but It did not have the necessary courage to go Into that question and work out anything of a permanent character. The result, I am con vinced, Is that as soon as there Is any excuse whatsoever, neutrality for the United States will be nothing but a shell. I do not know, nor do I believe any body can tell at this juncture whether the United States ought to embark on a rigid policy of Isolation from affairs of the world but that Is a question that is subordinate at this moment The point Is that congress, a year ago, made a great show of neutrality and put on a second stage performance only lately with the same theme song. Since It has backed away from tho real Issue it begins to appear that the original action was but hollow mock ery; that the politicians moved a year ago with the thought In mind that they would not have to go on record so soon and that they could make the country feel It had elected statesmen. But, In stead, their course has led them to the point where a decision had to be made—and they have dodged It * One of the reasons why this neu trality question has become so im portant Is the combination of circum stances that has developed In Eu rope. Those maneuvers have put our congress on the spot and it, like so many previous times, again has wav ered. It is difficult to forecast what Is go ing to happen In Europe b&t there are certain signs and portents that may not be Ignored. History, as we all know, has a habit of repeating Itself and It promises to repeat Itself In a burry this time. Let us look at the European pic ture. On the one hand we have an alignment of France and England and probably Russia. On the other, we see Hltlerlzed Germany, Austria and Italy. There has been nothing more tangible thus far than a baring of fangs. That Is, ne overt acts have been committed but It always has been the case that the snarling and showing of teeth has provided the setting, the atmos phere, for more serious accusations. It may never happen that Germany or Austria or Italy will take steps which France or Russia could regard as an Invasion of national rights and then, again, any one of them at any time may accidentally or deliberately do some minor thing that would provoke hostilities. • • • The chief significance of the re ported alignment of Italy with Ger- many and Austria Is new that the Central Alignmeni Powers, as they stood In 1014, have been augmented by the strength of Fascist Italy. It means that the Ger many of 1914 has access to the North sea and the Mediterranean Instead of jnst the North sea as occurred 20 years ago. Ooupled with that fact Is the con dition of a better defense for the Cen tral Powers. If the agreement be tween Germany and Italy sticks. Ger many has only the western and Rus sian fronts to maintain. It allows for a more compact military program be cause, Instead of guarding against Italy on the south, Germany has an ally in that direction from which sources of supply can be established. The fresh understandings worked out between France and England really are nothing more than a restoration of the arrangement that existed In the World war. The British, on the sur face at least, have no compact with Russia but the French‘ have a very definite agreement with the Soviet. It seems likely, therefore, that if hos tilities should break out again, the British and the Soviet will have no difficulty In establishing a pact of mutual help. As a sidelight. It seems to me that the new developments rather turn the spotlight on the policies of Pierre Laval, former French, foreign minis ter. M. Laval, it will be remembered, was ousted because of alleged pro- Itallap policies. He sought for months to maintain friendship between France and Italy because he feared to do oth erwise would result in alignment of Mussolini with Hitler. The bulk of the French' parliament disagreed with him, however, and M. Laval was re placed by Foreign Minister Flandln. Now, Europe has seen the prompt desertion of Mussolini from the French side and his alignment with Hitler. Be, the old picture has been put together again 4a Europe with the only change being the placement of Italy on the opposite side of the fence from where that nation stood In 1914. But let not the fact that the alignment differs only because of Italy's position be minimised. It is the most Impor tant of the combination that has de veloped in Europe. The new situation. Insofar as Great Britain Is concerned, means that In case of a clash In France Back* the Mediterranean Britain between the forces of Mussolini and the British there will be French sup port. It means, therefore, that Mus solini .hardly dare disturb the concen tration of British warships around the Sues. To do so would call down upon his bead not only the shells of the British fleet but those of the French as well. For the French, the revived under standing with Great Britain gives sup port against the slow flow of Hitler lava Into the Rhineland which was demilitarized by the Treaty of Ver sailles at the end of the World war. The French are very^ touchy about the Rhineland and any attempt by Ger many to fortify that territory makes French nerves very Jittery. It Is only natural, then, that the French look upon the agreement with London 'as an assurance of security In event Hit ler should strike in the Rhineland, through It all, foreign advices in dicate that British fists are gradually being doubled up against Hitler. This is true notwithstanding the fact that the new King Edward VIII is trying to be friendly with Germany. For eign dispatches and private advices explain that there Is a notable re currence among the British of discus sion recalling Germany atrocities In the World war. Slowly but surely throughout England the old hatred is arising. On the northern frontier of Germany there is a new line of steel The Com munistic state of Russia looks with disfavor upon the Nazi. My informa tion Is that It would take very little to provoke tronble there. Altogether, the situation is one where, if a stone rolls down a moun tain side. It could very easily become the detonation cap that would explode an ammunition dump. With these facts in mind, one can understand readily the gravity of the relations between the United States and the rest of the world. One can understand as well why congress was rather anxious to avoid legislation of a broader scope In International af fairs than already was operative. Yet, this does not alter the fact that If congress had no intention of estab lishing a real neutrality policy, it should not have embarked on a course designed to that end. It was either engaging In a game of fooling the public a year ago or It has Just now demonstrated a most cowardly atti tude • • • Now, to get back home, we observe a maneuver by President Rotpevelt to link North and Roosevelre South American na- Maneuver tions Into a new agreement. While none of our officials will say that this move has any connection with Euro pean development, I believe that ob servers generally are of the opinion that It has an Important bearing on the situation beyond the Atlantic. It ought to be helpful In keeping the United States out of that mess or. If the future forces us Into It and. In the meantime, there is a sound ar rangement worked out between na tions of the western hemisphere, their combined strength ought to put an end to European strife more quickly than If those European nations were left to fight It out alone. In other words. If Mr. Roosevelt can work out a binding agreement between all the nations of the western hemisphere, they can exert a tremendous Influence. This Influence will carry further than on the homeland of any of the countries now Involved In the Euro pean case of Jitters. It possibly may extend to the point of becoming the balance of power In the settlement of colonial disputes between the central powers and the newly re-established allies. European Interests In South America are Important and It oi South American neighbors have the Important weight of the United States on their side, they will be In a posi tion, for the first time, to force proper adjustment of colonial rights In the western hemisphere insofar as tbpse crlonial rights are concerned In set tlement of European differences. 0 Western Newap&per Union. Saxony Densely Populated One of the most densely populated regions in Germany Is Saxony. The capital and seat of the government is Dresden, an-old town situated on the banks of the Elbe. Another famous city of Saxony Is Leipzig, known for Its semiannual Industrial fairs and as a renowned music center. It was In Leipzig that Bach wrote many of his masterpieces. Wood for Guitar* The sides and back of guitars are usually made of maple, ash, service or cherry, not Infrequently adorned with Inlays of rosewood or other woods. The sound board or face Is of deal. Hard woods, such as ebony, beech or pear, are used for the neck and fin gerboard. The bridge may be ef ebony. BEAUTIFUL] NICARAGU *11 :<& ■% v Preparing Souffles Is Not as Difficult a Task as It Seems #- Trick Is fo Make a Base Like One Used for Cream-Puffs. Railroad Building in Nicaragua. Prepared by the National Georraphlc Society, Washington, D. C.—WNU Service. N ICARAGUA has an area of some 50,000 square miles, about equal to that of New York state, and a population of approximately 650,000, close to that of the city of Buffalo. It is the largest of the Central American republics; many consider It the most beautiful. Much of the interior is mountainous; the coasts are generally flat. It faces the Pacific, with Its back door to the Atlantic. Most of Jts people live in the cities in the western part of the re public, for the rainfall here Is mod erate as compared with that of the eastern coast; the climate, although tropical, is agreeable, and the land is fertile.. The cities of Chlnandega, Leon, Man agua, Masaya and Granada are located near the west coast and along the one line of railroad, extending from the port of Corinto, on the Pacific, to Gran ada, the main port on Lake Nicaragua. Managua, the capital. Is the largest, and, although badly set back by the earthquake and fire that. almost de stroyed the city in the spring of 1931, will In time again become the most 1m- 1 portant business center of the country. Leon and Chlnandega,. cities of ar tisans and small proprietors, are lo cated among very fertile farming lands and are the centers of the sugar trade. Masaya is an Indian town and owes its importance to the coffee-growing district on the Sierras, located between the lakes and the Pacific. Granada owes her early growth to the fact that she was the chief port for the trade between Central America and Spain, by way of take Nicaragua and the San Juan river. Her leading citizens are not only landed proprie tors, bnt merchants who sell goods In person over the counters of their stores. Matagalpa, the largest town off the railroad, Is the center of an Im portant coffee-growing district Be cause of Its altitude. It has a more agreeable climate than the cities lo cated In the plains; but the absence of a railroad, or even a good highway connection with the outside world, has thwarted Its growth. East and Wsst Are Divided. Eastern and western Nicaragua are divided by mountains and jungle cov ered country, which have effectively prevented Intercommunication except to a very minor degree. The physical separation has operated to prevent close political union and a common na tional outlook; to hamper trade and commerce; and to obstruct a desirable interchange of people and ideas. In addition, the lack of a practicable route to Its east coast has forced vir tually all of Nicaragua’s foreign com merce to seek a longer and more roundabout route via the west coast and the Panama canal. For these rea sons It has been the desire of the government of Nicaragua for many years to open a means of communica tion between the west and east, either by the canalization of the San Juan river or by the construction of a high way or a railroad. A highway has been under construction from Mana gua through Tipitapa to Rama, on the Blueflelds river, where boat connec tions can be made with Blueflelds, the largest port town on the Caribbean. ‘ The population of the country Is overwhelmingly of mixed Spanish and Indian blood, with Spanish the un£ versal language, although one finds. In Granada and the other large towns many families of pure Spanish blood. £hsp&.10 per cent of the population Is pure Indian, found mostly in the area around Masaya and Matagalpa and in the thinly settled cattle-raising sections of the province of Chontales, east of Lake Nicaragua. Still farther to the east, along the rivers that drain into the Caribbean north of Greytown, the Sumo Indians have their homes. They are a wild and timid race and have resisted alt Spanish influence. The Mosquito Coast. Part of Nicaragua's Carribean coast has the world’s worst real estate title “The Mosquito Coast.” It gets Its name not from the“ prevalence of mos quitoes, but from the Missklto Indians. Here there is decided evidence of negro blood, partly a heritage from the cargo of a slave ship that was wrecked on the coast years ago. These blacks, or mixed Indians and blacks, called “Sambos” or “Zambos," were aug mented by esoaped slaves from the plantations that sparsely dotted the coast in later years, and by renegade slaves from Jamaica and other Islands of the West Indies. The Mosquito coast was also a refuge for buccaneers and pirates and was visited by many trading ships seeking turtle shells. As a result, the blood of the inhabitants became badly mixed, and characteristics of many races can be detected in the present-^ day population. San Juan del Norte (Greytown), at the mouth of the San Juan river, has an English-speaking negro population. Long ago the port had an excellent |4>eaten egg-whites are folded in harbor and was a thrivln- community, but drifting sands have closed the en trance from the sea, and now only an occasional schooner calls. In the boom days, when the Mari time Canal company undertook the construction of a canal, Greytown had visions of being a metropolis; now It is only a dreary community of rusted tin and frame shacks, with a popula tion or250 people. In spite of the financial difficulties that have been general throughout the '#0dd and have been particularly try ing In Nicaragua, the president of the republic has Improved the public schools and built new roads and rail roads. Along the country's, roads you will occasionally meet a high-powered car Porting Its way over ruts and bumps, carrying some government official or landed proprietor on business best known to himself. The car has a num ber of occupants, usually half a dozen In excess of its normal capacity, for the government official travels with hls guards, his friends, and perhaps a large part of hls family, while the usual car-owner always has hls entire family In the car and baggage and other Impedimenta strapped on the running board and anywhere else that It can be suspended or attached. Cars Nearly All American. Practically all cars are of American make, and It Is a tribute to their stur diness that they can stand the usage to which they are subjected. New cars are frequently equipped with extra spring leaves, as spare parts are hard to get, and for service on Nicaraguan roads springs have to be strong. The cars on the roads are few and far between, but they add the touch which shows that you are traveling in a civilized country. The creaky ox cart Is the usual means of locomotion. Small but sturdy animals, with yokes or pulling bars lashed just behind the horns, draw these carts creaking and groaning over the trails, but they get through mud that will stop a strong pony. It Is not necessary to ask for road directions; there Is never more than one road or trail In the direction you want to go. A question as to distance is futile, for no peon has any concep tion of time or distance. A league may actually be any length from one to six miles. The usual answer to the ques tion, “How far Is it to any place?” is “No hay mas," the Nicaraguan equiv alent of the answer, “Not fur," which one so frequently gets from the small darky on our southern roads. Coffee la the Main Crop. The prosperity of the country de pends upon the coffee crop and Its price. Crops have been good In recent years, but the price has been very low. For Its future Nicaragua looks to the building of the canal linking the Pa cific and the Caribbean. A prosperous Nicaragua will no doubt mean a quiet Nicaragua, for prosperity will mean roads, railroads, and other public Im provements. A hungry man In Nicara gua Is a prospective recruit for one of the bandit gangs. Banditry probably will cease when any man seeking work can get it and when every man can boast of the few dollars rattling around / In hls pocket Gold In small quantities has been produced in Nicaragua for hundreds of years. The richest mines are in the province of Chontales. This area Is also bandit-infested, and the mines are a favorite field for bandit activities. The situation has prevented the in stallation of modern machinery or the development of the properties on a large scale. The Babilonla mine at La Libertad has the distinction of having had a young mining engineer named Herbert Hoover connected at one time with Its management. Here only the richest strikes are now worked, the ore being brought to the mill by pack mule. The Javall mine at Santo Domingo Is worked on a larger scale and at con siderable profit to Its owners. • Putting a canal across Nicaragua Is a matter of utilizing some geographic features and overcoming others. Of outstanding Importance physically are the country’s mountains and Its two great fresh-water lakes In Its central basin, “the Great Lakes of Centra) America." "Will you please at some conven ient time, tell* us would-be cooks something about souffles? Mine are either too dry or they fall." So writes n reader. Fortunately I can answer this question satisfactorily, says a well-known food expert. Souffles used to puzzle me. I tried to duplicate that perfect scouffle to be found in an old French hotel in lower New York. I was never able to get one crusty on the outside and soft in the center, until I asked the chef to make one for me. Now a souffle is no problem. It can be made even for the quick meal, because you may use a hot oven. The trick is to make a base like the one that is used for cream- puffs. The base is the same for all with the exception that for cheese, meat or vegetable souffles you make it thinner. The flour and water are cooked together until thick. Then the egg yolks are beaten In one by one; tlie cheese, the chocolate, the finely chopped vegetable or other fla voring are added. Last of all the In cheese and paprika. Beat In egg yolks one at a time. Fold to beatea egg-whites. Fill greased baking dish three-quarters full and bake twenty minutes In a hot oven (425 degrees Fahrenheit). Chocolate Souffle. 1 cup milk tt cup flour M teaspoon salt % cud sugar 4 eggs 2 aquaies of chocolate Mix flour and salt with one-half cup cold milk and stir this mixture Into one-half cup hot m!)k. Add one- half of the sugar. Stir over the Are until mixture thickens and boils. Remove from fire, beat in egg yolks one at a'time. Add remaining sugar and melted chocolate. Fold in beat* en egg whites. Fill baking dish, greased with soft butter and sprin kled with sugar, three-quarters .fnlL and bake twenty minutes in a hof oven (425 degrees Fahrenheit), e Bell Syndlcats.—WNU Serric*. Crocheting an Afghan, Tomorrow’s Heirloom FATTRHN SSS4 When I make a sweet souffle, I fold half of the sugar into the egg- whites while the rest Is stirred into the hot foundation. The baking dish, which may be of silver, oven-proof glass or pottery, should be greased with soft, not melted butter. For sweet souffle, this should be sprin kled liberally with granulated sugar, to make a “chemise” as the chef says. A 400-degree oven for twen ty minutes is the proper tempera ture for a souffle. Menu for Quick Meal. Cream of Pea Soup Cheese Souffle Baked Potatoes Baked Tomatoes Pumpkin Tarts Coffs* Order of Preparation. Light oven Scrub potatoes and bak# Prepare souffle and bake Prepare tomatoes and bake Open can of soup, dilute and heat Make coffee Cheese Souffle. 14 cup flour 1 cup milk 1 teaspoon salt H pound grated cheese ’ tt teaspoon paprika 4 eggs Mix flour and salt with one-half cup of cold milk and stir this mix ture Into one-half cup of hot milk. Stir over Are until mixture thickens and bolls. Remove from fire, beat >411 Aound ^ House Try rolling doughnuts after frying in cinnamon and sugar. Youemay like the flavor. see When the lining of your hat be comes soiled tafc* 4t out, wash wl»b soap and water and Iron. Steam hat, If felt, to renew the color, and sew in clean lining. • e e A very fine sandpaper rubbed over soapstone set tubs or sink before ap plying linseed oil and turpentine will make tubs as smooth as when new. ‘ • The glass which covers the indi cator on your gas oven may be cleaned by wetting a stiff brush with water, sprinkling liberally with a scouring powder and rubbing over glass. C Aasoclstsd Newspapers.—WNU Sarvlcs. What more conducive to “forty winks" than this fluffy, lacy afghani Its crocheted warmth will ward off the most treacherous draughts, Ita color brighten and gladden any room It adorns. A very simple pattern to follow, too. The stripes look like tiny daisies strung together, and are In a crochet stitch which busy hands and needle soon learn to do by heart. Lovely In three shades of one color, it is also effective with each stripe a different color. In pattern 5254 you will find direc tions for making the afghaa; an Il lustration of It and of the stitches used; material requirements, and color suggestions. Send J5 cents In stamps or coins (coins preferred) to The Sewing Cir cle Household Arts Dept, 250 W. Fourteenth St, New York, N. Y. Dr. Pieros s Pleasant Pellets are tbs oris* mal little liver pills put up « years ago. They regulate liver and bowels.—Adv! Full Chares One never captures all the charm of the country unless be sleeps there. Still Coughing? hf>vr many medidnaa you have triad for your cough, chasl cold or bronchial irritation, you can |®t relief now with Oreomulston. Ssrimts trouble may bs brewing and you oannot afford to take a chance with anything 1ms than Oteomul- ston,. which goes right to thsTsM* of the trouble to aid nature to sooths and heal the me— branes as the germ-laden nhlisiu is loosened and expelled. l ^ Even It other remedlis hfcvs failed, don’t be dtoSSSd. %£ druggist is authorised to guarantee Creomulalon and to refund your money If you are not satisfied with results from the very first bottle. Get Creomubton right now. ESS. Tlii 6 story will interest # many IVlen and Women , TKIOT long sgo I was like some friends I have...low In spirits... 11 run-down.. .out of sorts.. .tired easily and looked terrible. 1 knew I had no serious organic trouble so I reasoned sensibly...as my experience has since proven.. .that work, worry, colds and whatnot had just worn me down. The confidence mother has always hod in S&S. Tonic.. .which Is still her stand-by when she feels nm-down...convinced me I ought to try this Treatment.. .1 started a course. The color began to come back to my skin. ..I felt better...! did not tire easily and soon I felt that those red-blood-cells were bade to so-called fighting strength.. .it Is great to feel strong again and like my old self. Insist on S.SS. Tonic In the blood-red CeUophsne-wrspped pack- age.. .the big 20-os. size Is suflident for two weeks* treatment. ..it's more economical, too. ©SA*.CA SS5 'TONIC Mikes you fed hht yourscIf d, QUR reader* should always remember that our ^ community merchants cannot afford to adver tise a bargain unless it is a real bargain. They do advertise bargains and such advertising means money saving to the people of the community.