The Barnwell people-sentinel. (Barnwell, S.C.) 1925-current, July 11, 1935, Image 2

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( Mm -V- “T The Barnwell Petplfr^atimet BaniwelU S. Thursday, July 11, 1935 BRISBANE THIS WEEK We Know How to Spend Only the Electric Chair Anglo-French Rift Snrpriae for Blue Eagle Uncle 8am la lea ruins to spend. A few lines tell yon that the Bhnkhead bill, so a k 1 n f the government guar antee a loan of one thousand million dollars to help ten- ant farmers buy their farms. Is passed. No fuss or excitement about It Senator King wanted to cut the one thousand mil lions to two hun dred millions, but was “shouted down.’* Do you recall the Avtkw BrtoWe excitement when Theodore Roosevelt wanted to build the Panama canal for two or three hundred millions? Now “one billion" is almost “small change." .4 lH&hJ Some young criminals, apparently, can be adequately managed only by the electric chair. In their case It seems useless to talk of reform, or “another chance.” They are distinctly of the rattlesnake class. Consider a twenty-five-year-old ma chinist, captured In Peoria, who con fessed to murder when the clothing of a dead girl was tossed into his lap. “Yes, I did it," he sobbed. This young murderer kept a diary, which in- one month recorded 18 attacks on young women. The electric chair should cure his sobbing. In the lute of Anglo-French friend ship and understanding thefe comes a rift, wide enough to let a ceach and four drive through. England, dealing directly with Germany and Hitler, now rejects the French suggestion of • “consultative pact," which would com pel Britain to consult France before ^reaching any Important diplomatic con clusions. That ought to interest this country, which agreed to consult everybody on earth before building more ships, or tilting Its big guns to the most ef fective angle. It Is stated, bluntly, by British of ficials: “Britain is placing greater stress on friendly co-operation with Germany, closer consultations with the British dominions, and a steady drift toward co-operation with the United States." -News from the Department of Com merce would surprise tjie recent de ceased Blue Eagle, and others: “Busi ness shows sharp upturn throughout country since death of Blue Eagle." This is the skeleton announcement; the details show retail sales increas ing, la spite of abominable spring weather, In some of the big cities. Union labor demands that all United States railroads be nationalized, owned by the people, run by the government. Reason? Private owners do not know how to run them. The roads would be bought, not confiscated, presumably, which would mean twenty to thirty more billions of national debt Douglas Fairbanks, Jr., .and Laura La Plante—surely you know her— after work on the set near Monte Car lo’s gambling room dressed up and pre sented themselves for an evening’s en tertainment. The doorkeeper said bluntly: “You work in Monaco, so you may not enter the gambling rooms. That’s the rule.” To their amazement they did not enter the gambling rooms, although young Mr. Fairbanks Is said to have threat ened to buy the whole Institution. _ •* Monte Carlo wisdom Is in that rule. The Casino spreads money among Mon aco’s inhabitants, but will not take the inhabitants’ money, and so avoids trouble. . . . Another wise ruler is Mr. Bradley, who owns the tourists’ “wide open” gambling house at Palm Beach, but will not allow natives to lose in his place. When you gamble, you know, you lose. If you do not know It, try. Mussolini has a habit, annoying to Britons especially, of digging up past history. He is expected^to tell the British: “I want a protectorate over Ethiopia, with a free hand, and I in vlte you to rempmber what happened to Germany’s colonies after the war. You promised to give Italy her share if she Joined the allies, which she did. The war ended, and you British gob bled up all the German colonies worth having.” Sheriff Miller of Martinez, Calif., knows that the weakest thing In superstitious man Is his mind. Attack that and you have him. Anacleto Tor rest s*ld be had not killed Area Cab rera. In a , locked drawer In a cel) occupied by Torrest the sheriff con cealed a loud speaker, muffled to make It sound ghostly, and continually Torrest, not knowing whence It came, heard a voice saying In Spanish: “You killed me. 1 am Area’s ghost You had better confess. You know you killed me." 4 Torrest thought it un^bse to Ignore the advice of a ghost and confessed rdlngly. ’A t&f FmtAurm SyadleaM.-la«, ^ WHO S*nrtMt Events the World Over A- Nye Committee Points Need of Protecting Defense Funds From Shipbuilders—Congress Divorces Tax-the- Rich Bill From Nuisance Tax. By EDWARD W. PICKARD „ C Watters Newspaper Union. - 'ENATOR NYE of North Dakota and * hla committee on—munitions—do not have a very high opinion ot Amer- lean ahiphnllders and they feel that strong legislation is needed to keep them from confusing "pub lic defense needs with their private pocket- books" Therefore the committee, in a pre liminary report, asks that laws be enacted to do these things: L Prevent “collu sion" in bidding for navy construction Senator Nye job|t 2. Prevent American patents from getting Into the hands qfuforeign pow ers. 8. Limit profits to 5 per cent of the total cost to the government, in cases where the government assumes the risks of the enterprise, or to 10 per cent where the government does not > 4. Require that shipbuilders’ “lob-’ byists” register with the government and disclose their Income and expen ditures. The committee finds, In the matter of collusion, that there was "tele pathy” among shipyard officials so that In bidding for many contracts eacb concern was able to get the contracts it wanted at profits that ran as high as 36 per cent. It says the navy has been at the mercy of tbe shipyards in preparing plans for war vessels and also in determining what were fair prices. Construction of naval vessels Is de clared to be more costly id private yards than in government yards.* “While the evidence is not all In, tb report says, “the Indications are that the private yards cost the gov ernment from one to two million dol lars more per cruiser than the navy yards." The committee charges big shipbuild ers with breaking up the Geneva naval limitation conference In 1927 and Im mediately launching a price-increase campaign that “made profits of 35 and 25.4 and 36.9 per cent on the cruisers.’’ poor circumstances, ha^, been one of the moat discouraging aspects of the entire depression. L IKE most Utopias, the new one in Alaska's Matanuska valley has been reported a nest of discontent; the disillusionment apparently was manifest even quicker than usna) In this case. Minnesota, Michigan and Wisconsin farm families who made up a large share of the recent expedition to begin life anew in the North Pa cific territory drafted a list of griev ances for the FERA trouble shooter. Eugene Carr. Many of them said the project was misrepresented, that the land Is poor and that housing Is not what they were led to believe — would be. Neith er are medical service, school facilities, seeds disbursed for planting, the cli mate and prices for groceries meas uring up to advance word-pictures. There is considerable jealousy existent over the distribution of farm land. And to top It all off, the Utopian! want government pay for their work. L EGISLATIVE administration lead ers, for a while in a frenzy of anxi ety to hitch the Preshlent’s tax-lhe- rich program to the resolution extend ing the so-called “nuisance” excise taxes, thereby speeding it through the Washington legislative factory in four days, suddenly disclaimed any intention of such procedure, and let tl\e $500,000,- 000 tax extension ride along unappend ed. Congress will consider the new tax ation program during early July. This program is expected to produce some $340,000,000 In new revenue, prin cipally from inheritance and gift taxes, Increased taxes on the highest Income brackets, and corporation taxes grad uated from 10 per cent to 17% per cent. The program has been held up as a sweetmeat to placate the sugar palate of Louisiana’s Klngflsh. Actually, a wealth of $<340,000,000 shared among 120,000.000 Americans would amount to about $2.83 a head—all of which would be applied to a public debt of $29,- 000,000.000 ahd a budget of $8,500,- 000,000, anyway. The net taxable worth of the 133 estates which paid taxes based on a valuation of $1,000,000 each In 1933 was $284,000,000. If the government had taxed these estates 100 per cent, seiz ing them entirely, they would have been worth only $2.37 a head to the American population. If the govern ment confiscated all income -of more than $1,000,000 in 193o, it would have taken an army of trucks loaded with small chnngp to distribute it, for each American would get only 45 cents. And the general opinion of administration leaders In the senate was that the taxes obtained from the rich might possibly eliminate the necessity of the “nui sance" taxes after another-year. G EN. HUGH S. JOHNSON, once ambitious to direct the $3,000,000,- 000 public.works program, was named to direct a comparatively small part iiVB of the President’s now $4,000,000,000 works-re lief schedule. As direc Jj| tor of works-relief in TNWifi New York city, he will co-ordinate the pro gram in that area. With the famed fight ing Jaw determinedly set, he revealed the • four conditions under which ha accepted the Gen. Johnson new job: He will get no pay, only $7,800 for a year’s expenses. (He got $6,000 a year for this purpose dur ing most of his time as keeper of the Blue Eagle.) His job will end October 1, unless he ahd the administration agree that It shall continue. He will devote a minimum of four days a week to his official duties. And he will consult with Mayor Fiorello H. La Guardla as far ..s possible, but will be responsible to Harry L. Hopkins alone. to engage in unrestricted affbma- marlne warfare, France entered an Im mediate and strong protest to the relch’s bilateral pact with Great Brit ain, permitting Germany to increase naval tonnage. Gapt Anthony Eden waa hurried over to Paris to explalh the British action and justify It Pre mier Leva! told him that the French national doctrine wu and would con tinue t6 be that organization of col lective security must precede any legal ization of German rearmament Capt Edfn then went to Rome and Mussolini told him flatly that he sided with France and' could not approve tk® manner in which the Anglo-Ger man Sccord waa reached without con- sulting lt^jy and France. No more success did Capt. Eden have In trying to get n Puce to aub- to a compromise allowing Italy certain concessions in Abyssinia In return for the guarantee that there would be no war with the- African monarchy. Mussolini refused to talk about It Great Britain waa faced with two remaining choices: To Influ ence the Abyssinian government to accede to Italian demands in toto or simply give up and let the apparently inevitable war go on. COR some reason that Isn’t entirely ^ clear an attempt was made to blow up the American embassy In Mer- teo City. A bomb made of dynamite and percussion caps was hurled from an automobile into the embassy garden where it exploded, tearing a hole In the garden wail and breaking a window in the private office of Ambassador Josephus Daniels. No one--wHs injured and the damage was slight. Mr. Daniels said the incident was “of no importance at all” and declined to make a complaint, but the acting secretary of foreign relations, Senor Ceniceros, called to express re gret snd extra -police and detectives were placed about the embassy. Josephus Daniels e 3^- National Topic# Interpreted by William Bruckart National Pres* Wilding —c Washington, D, C. N EW YORK’S Harlem and its kin dred negro populations through out the land resounded In jubilation, with chicken an’ ham in every fryin’ pan and juniper Juice flowing freely, as Joe Louis, the first great brown hope of pugilism since Jack' Johnson, established hjmself as a real threat to the world’s heavyweight boxing championship. - Showing ring generalship far beyond his brief professional experience, box ing ability conspicuous by its absence from the heavyweight ranks since the days of Corbett, and a wallop like the kick of a cotton-belt mulfe, the dusky Detroiter cut Primo Camera, Italian human skyscraper, to ribbons for five rounds, knocked him down three times in the sixth, and was de clared the winner’by technical knock out in a bout at the Yankee stadium. /Congressman martin dies of ^ Texas has before congress a bill tbe enactment and enforcement of which would evoke cheers from mil lions of tax-weary citizens, for it pro vides for the deportation of about 6,000,000 aliens who are receiving ^ole or holding jobs that should he held by citizens who are on the relief rolls. A campaign to get congressional ac tion on this measure'has been started by 155 organizations estimated by Mr Dies to represent 5,000,000 people, and he says at least 150 congressmen have promised to support the bill. Outlln ing the provisions of the measure. Mr Dies said: ~ • ' \ “First, it bars all immigration of , , , „ , i. pioneer Immigrant, who do not bar#] ' » ''’T 1 "ft-™"™* relatives in this country. Washington. — President Roosevelt took tho country by surprise when he suddenly dispatched Plan to r a message to con- SoaJk tho Rich grew » flklD g * Qr * new tax law that would have the same effect, although in’ a limited scope, of the “share-the- wealth” program advanced by Senator Huey Long and Father Coughlin, the radio priest It may be-said that the President not only surprised but stmjned congress by the proposal. It was a move concerning which there has been no forecast and it has taken some research to show how It links with other New Deal reform plans. But a Hnk does exist Of that there can be no doubt Succinctly, Mr. Roosevelt has de manded that congress enact a tax law that will yield, according to estimate, something like $1,000,000,000 annually. It Is Resigned to place the heaviest drain on the rich, whether they be rich corporations or rich individuals. In terms, the President observed that it was a program to tax “static' wealth” and Increase purchasing power of those not blessed with this world’s goods. . The key to the program is the tax on inheritances and gifts. These two taxes must operate jointly If they are to succeed at all. Jf an Individual of wealth wants to avoid already heavy Inheritance taxes, he has only to give away his property before his death. In the new Roosevelt proposal, those who receive these gifts would have to pay a tax upon them as they would on any other Income. There Is a question as to its constitutionality but many able lawyers believe the gift tax will be sustained by the Supreme court. The second phase of the new tax bill boosts rates of taxes on Incomes. At present, the. individual with an In come of $1,000,000 is taxed at exactly the same rate as the individual having an Income of $5,000,000. Of course, the $5,000,000 Income pays more total tax hut the point Is the rate Is the same as on the smaller income. Mr. Roosevelt proposes that the rate should be gradually Increased above $1,000,000 Just as It Is graduated from the lowest Income taxpayer to those receiving $1,000,000 annually. There seems to be little opposition to this particular item in the bill although it Is natural to expect that attempts will be made to alter that suggestion since there Insists that tax rates can be high enough to discourage investments bringing a return to the individual of a" size large enough for the government to take the bulk of that income. * ,0 .i. . i The third major item in the Presl- s program provides for a gradn- “Second, it makes m^pdatory de- pdrtation of 3,500,Q00 aliens estimated of illegal entry. “Third, it gives about 4,000,000 aliens which to become citizens, or go home. • “Fourth, all aliens must secure La bor department permits to work and permits would be issued only when em ployers show they can’t find United States citizens to.do the Job. “Fifth, it provides for gradual re sted tax on income's of corporations. Corporations now are taxed at the rate of 13% per-cent ■ot. their net in come whatever It may be. Mr. Roose- vent thinks this basis is Improper. He proposes to have smaller corpora tions pay only 10% per cent and that. union of families notlikely to become- flg the , tal of ^ corporatl(>ns , n . public charges whep the economic sit uation is improved.” «< L ab* Is V^OUTH between sixteen and twenty- * five will be served $50,000,000 for a nation-wide job hunt and further train ing of young men and women to hold jobs after they get them, through Pres ident Roosevelt’s new “national youth administration," Itself administered under the works-relief program by Miss Josephine Roche, assistant secretary of the treasury, and Aubrey Williams, assistant to Harry L. Hopkins, works- progress administrator. The new organization will endeavor to: 1. Find employment in private in dustry for unemployed youth. 2. Train and retrain for industrial, technical and professional employment opportunities. X 3. Provide for a continuing Attend ance at high school and college. K 4. Provide work-relief projects de sfkned to meet the needs of youth. The average payment for youths on relief work vM be $15 a month; those going to high school would be given $6 a month, and those attending college. $15 a month. The problem of what to do with the ■youth who finishes school, supposedly equipped to make hla real start in life; and finds what few jobs there grA*are given to older and married men and wsroen, as well as the youth who Is unable to finish school because oi ! ABOR policy In a democracy not a program conceived by a government It is a program of ac tion which the people who earn their living as wage earners and those who employ them in profit-making enter prises must work out together." So asserts Secretary of Labor Frances Perkins in her annua) report to congress, and she sets forth these six specific duties of the government in this respect: L To do everything in its power to establish minimum basic.standards for labor, below which competition should not be^permltted to force stand ards of health, wages and hours. 2. To further peaceful settlements of con troverales and relieve labor of the necessity of reporting to strikes iu order o secure equitable conditions and the right to be heard. 3. Through legislation and fostering co-operation between employers and workers to make every Job the best that the human mind can devise as to physical conditions, human relations and wages. 4. To encourage such organization and development of wage earners as will give status and. stability to labor as a recognized Important group of citizens having a contribution to make to economic and political thought, .and. to the cultural life of the community. 6. To arrange that labor play Its [>art in the athdy and development of any future economic policies. 6. To encourage mutuality between labor and employers in the improve ment of production and thr develop ment in both groups* of t philosophy of self-government in the public Inter est. i . O r SPECIAL Interest^ the crim inal-lawyer who is more criminal than lawyer will be the news of Atty. Louis Piquett’a conviction In Chicago, tie waa foun<i guilty of having har- mred and concealed Homer. Van Meter, right-hand man of John Dl Ringer, dur ing the summer weeks of 1934 before .oth these public enemies were slain i»y “G-men." . C ITIZENS everywhere were urged _by At’ty. Gen. Cummings to assist the federal government in ‘.‘cracking down” on bucket shops which are swindling the public out of millions of dol lars. He declared that a nation-wide chain is operating. Most of their victims are doc tors. lawyers, profes sors and business men, he said. “W e know the names of the ringlead ers,” said Mr. Cum mings, “but it will take co-operation of 1 both the public and legitimate brokers to put them where they belong—jbehind'the bars.” Most of the.victims believe that they have lost their money legitimately, he said, and are afraid of complaining to federal officers because they arp in debt after they have been “cleaned.” S ECRETARY of the •'Navy Swanson asked bids from private yartjs on 13 vessels and was prepared to nego tlate for 11 more, launching the navy’? 1935-36 construction program within 2t' hours after receiving the required funds from congress. Included in thf program are: Two new cruisers oi 10,000 tons each, equipped with six Inch guns and at least four airplanet- apiece; one aircraft carrier, three heavy destroyers, twelve light destroy ers and six submarines. ^ H ERE Is something to make the men chuckle. At a conference in Atlantic City the National Women's party adopted resolutions advocating equal rights before the law for men and women, equal pay for equal work equal domicile, property, and guardian sVlp .rights, and “equal alimony in cases of divorce and equal considera tion for men in cases of breach o4 promise." j^EATH for four of the leaders in md seven to twelve years. SJkteei were acquitted for lack ot evidence. the Spanish revolution of last October was decreed by the mllitar> tribunal at Oviedo. Thirty-six othen- Bentenced -to lift ImprlMnmm, U r1 ^.'£ - t £"^ a i, '57lTui7toR crease, they he subjected to a gradual ly higher rate until a top'of 16% is applied on the Incomes of the largest corporations. Certain modifications or classifications were offered . In this connection so that some types of cor porations may not be compelled to pay the maximum rate. The President's program for new taxes was received without particular en- ' thnsiasm In cqn- More Groant gress except for a Than Applause loud “Amen” by Senator Long. In deed, the President’s message was right down Senator Long’s alley. The Louisiana senator has made hundreds of speeches advocating some parts of the proposal now offered by the Chief Executive. Congressional reaction to the Presi dent’s message Included more groans than applause. A political campaign Is due next year. Democratic leaders In many Instances face re-election. Li does not require the, services of a soothsayer to tell you that new taxer are hard for a political candidate to defend. Superficially, therefore, it would seem that Mr. Roosevelt was playiog bad politics when he proposed a tax bill at tills time. Such Is not the case. Editorial conclusions by dozens of newspapers which understand the po litical situation In this country at this time are unanimous in terming it a political maneuver. Their conclusions are based on the fact that a candidate seeking political office can go out and say to people of small incomes: “Look what we are doing to the rich.” Thus It Is made to appear that a new wave of soak-the-rlch propaganda Is about to engulf us. Business , Interests naturally are alarmed over the prospects. Thou sands of corporations have barely been able to make ends meet In these depression years. Now that there is a prospect for some additional business and meager profits, they are confronted with a Washington program of taxa- tton designed to go beyond, the present tax burden. It Is true that some of them will be benefited by lower rates but many economists are of the opinion that these corporations receiving the benefit financial condition of any in the coun try. Contrary to t&e argument often hoard, tho troth seems to he that tho | smaller business entitles have come, through the depression much better than those onits with great Investments and great capital funds. The answer lies in the fact that In the case of the •v smaller corporations, the stock usually Is closely held and they are units for the. most part, individually managed. In the case of the larger corporations thousands of stock holders have a^ voice In selection of the corporate manage ment and this management cannot be half as flexible as In Instances where the word or/direction of one man Is controlling. In addition, small corpora tions are not subjected to great over head expenses like the larger business bodies. The large corporation must maintain its organization and cannot even when work Is slack cut down Its fixed charges such as Interest on debt and plant operation to the same extent. So, there are many who believe the high rate of tax becomes a penalty, the main object of which is to break up layge corporations Into smaller business units. • • • The Republican national committee is sitting virtually asleep In Its easy chair, but Mr. Roose- Roosevelt velt’s recent chal- on a Hook l en « e of Supreme court decisions and his demand for constitutional revision is not being allowed to die. Every where around Washington, opponents of the v New Deal are making attempts to keep that issue alive. Their claim Is that Mr. Roosevelt put himself on a political hook when he offered criticism of the Supreme court, a co-ordinate branch of the governmeqt. They are determined to keep him on that hoofc if they can. 1 It is interesting to note how Mr. Roosevelt, observing a had reaction to his initial statements concerning the Nr!\ decision, has maintained silence on the point since. It Is equally In teresting to note how some of his main stays and advisers have kept the Issue bobbing up here aqd there throughout the country. Such men as Senator Robinson of ArkansaV senate ma jority leader, and Senator Byrnes of South Carolina, probably the Presi dent’s closest friend in the senate, have made speeches lately using much the same tone and language as did the President In that memorable press con ference. Every other administration spokesman has done the same .thing. These speeches together with the con tinual jabbing and poking by New Deal opponents are serving to keep the question before the country. New- Deal opponents ‘ frankly are joyful at the opportunity they say the President provided them. In the meanwhile, as said above, the Republican national committee has l?een doing next to nothing. The con dition is serving to build a fire under Henry P. Fletcher, chairman of the national committee, and is drawing criticism as well to Senator Hastings of Delaware, and Representative Bol ton of Ohio, Joint chairmen of the sen atorial congressional committee. Some Republicans are -saying that tho Roose velt opposition Is being allowed to wander without guide or anchor and that a golden chance to gain important results Is being wholly wasted, because of the Inactivitly of these two com mittees. ,j Considerable discussion is being heard these days concerning the neces sity for getting new blood into the national organization and Its head quarters. My own conviction Is that Mr. Fletcher Is due to go before long. He has failed to win the confidence of the several factions in the Repub lican party and has operated on a dis tinctly do-nothing basis. Neither Sen ator Hastings no? Representative Bol ton has set the world afire wiffi po litical Initiative or use of political op portunity available to them. The question naturally then Is asked: How can the Republicans and the New Deal opposition generally expect to de feat Mr. Roosevelt for re-election In -V i93ft-unless virility Is shown In the party leadership? • • • An old tale about the Blue Eagle has just come to light It was not dis closed until after the Prophftic Blue Eagle had been Words burled under the N T avalanche of a Su preme conrt decislhir holding NRA codes unconstitutional. The story In volves the patenting of the design. Artists conceived the Blue Eagle as the NRA Insignia. To protect It and prevent unauthorized use of the In signia the design was rushed through* the United States patent office. 'The design was then turned over to an artist at the patent office with instructions to make the necessary prints required by law. »He had proceeded only for a brief period on the work when he left his desk to notify the commissioner of patents of what he deemed to be a mistake In the design. His words were prophetic. He called attention to the fact that one. wing of the Blue Eagle contained more feathers than the other and added: “Any bird built like that can only fly i» a circle." To shorten tbe narrative, let It ht said that the artist was directed to proceed with his work. And let It bo added, the Blue Baglo did fly only la a circle. • Wwteni Nvwspapar Uatom.