Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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mw HEUTS atNERAL STRIKE BEGINS IN THE SAN FRANCISCO AREA—HIT* LER’S DEFIANT SPEECH •By EDWARD W. PICKARD Ci WMUrn N«wip*p*r Union. S AN FRANOTStJO’S labor onTonf, hitherto powerful and generally respectable and rather conservative, wera being taken for a ride by the Communists who have gained the upper hand among the leaders; And 1,300,000 people residing In that city and the surrounding communities were be ing deprived of the necessaries of life, la sa far as radicals could accomplish this result. With sympa- Harrv Hrldn.. thy f ° r th ® ,trlk,n * y B Idges | on ggh oren , en an( j ma . rlne workers as the pretext, a general strike was called, the avowed purpose being to tie np all transportation and food supplies. The ultimate aim of the reds of course Is an Industrial revolution and they selected the Pact- flc coast as the most likely fleld for their endeavors at this time. The general strike has not hitherto been a successful weapon In the hands of organized labor, and the state and city authorities, as well as the citi zens, were determined that It should not succeed In San Francisco. Four thousand members of the National Guard were on duty and Gov, Frank Merrlam said they would be used to convoy produce trucks Into the city. The number of men on strike was esti mated at 132,000, To the average person the whole thing looked unreasonable and unnee essary. The longshoremen, like their fellow workers all along the west coast, have been on strike for changed working conditions, and were Joined by the marine workers and teamsters. Then Joseph P. Ryah^ natlonal presl- deut of the longshoremen, signed an agreement that the men would return to work pending arbitration and a labor disputes board was appointed by President Roosevelt. But Harry Bridges, an Australian radical who Is head of the local maritime workers, gained control of the situation and absolutely blocked the move for arbi tration, persuading the men to repudi ate the Ryan agreement. Is the onions of the San Francisco metropolitan area It Is said the conservatives out number the radicals, but the latter are trained In the tactics of Intimida tion and are seeking to wreck the trades unions for the benefit of the cause of Communism. Numerous agi tators were brought In from other places. Chief of Police Quinn established a new department, known as the antl- rndlral and crime prevention bureau, aimed especially at activities of a small hut active minority of direct ac- tlonlsts. The bureau Is composed of officers who have knowledge of the In side of Communist and other radical activities, and It Is to direct its at tention to Communistic activity, sab otage and kindred works during the ‘ | 'UKRK was disquieting strike news A from many parts of the country. The urftons of Portland. Ore., were pushing their plans for a general strike, and their officials said nothing could now he done to prevent It. The truck drivers of Minneapolis and their helpers voted for a renewal of their strike which In May tied up trans portatlon and resulted In fatal riots. Representatives of 40 out of 42 locals of the United Textile Workers In Alabama decided on a state-wide strike which will, affect 18,000 opera tlves. The date was not announced. Demands made to the employers In clude: Thirty hour week with $12 min imum pay. abolition of the ‘•stretch out" system, reinstatement of all Jobs abolished under the stretchout sys tem; re-employment of all workers discharged for union activity and rec ognition of the textile workers’ union for collective bargaining under provi sions of the NR A. Employees of Walter J. Kohler In Kohler village, Wisconsin, are out on strike and began picketing the plant, though It has been closed down since July 4. These wotkers for whom Koh ler built and maintained an “Ideal” industrial town and who have been treated with remarkable generosity by the company, demand recognition of their union, a nilnimum wage of 65 cents an hour and a 30-hour w'eek. The company has Its own employees.’ union, a minimum wage of 40 cents an hour, and a 40-hour week. PRESIDENTIAL SECRETARY MAJt- 1 VIN MTNTYRE announced that the President had created a special committee to formulate a new fed eral policy concern ing the generation and distribution of electricity, and In Washington this was looked upon as a probable move for the nationalisation of the power Industry. In a letter to Secre tary Ickes asklng him to head the com mittee, Mr. Roosevelt •aid: M lta duty will ba to develop a plan for thi closer co-operation of the several factors In onr electrical power supply—both pub lic aad private—whereby national pol icy In power nutter* may be nntfled and electricity be made more broadly available at cheaper rates to industry, to domestic, and, particularly, to agri cultural consumers. "As time’ goes on, there undoubtedly will be legislation on the subject of holding companies and for the regula tion of electric current in interstate commerce. This committee should con sider what lines should be followed in shaping up this legislation. Since a number of the states have commis sions having Jurisdiction over Intra state power matters. It is necessary that whatever plan is developed should, have regard to the powers of these various state commissions as wefr as Of th* states In general." Besides Mr. Ickes, who is to act as chairman, the committee will consist of Dr. Eiwood Mead, bureau of recla mation; Frank R. McNinch, federal power commission; Morris L. Cooke, of the PWa Mississippi valley com mittee; MaJ. Gea Edward M. Mark- barn, chief of army engineers; Robert R. Healy, of the federal stock ex change commission; DavId^R. LHIIeo- thal, Tennessee valley authority, and T. W. Norcross, assistant chief of the forest service. T HE American Bar association's spe cial committee on administrative law has reached conclusions that will not be pleasing to the New Dealers Briefly summarized, these conclusions are: * The accelerated growth of Independ ent commissions and federal executive agencies under the New Deal threat ens the Judicial brunch of the Ameri can government with virtual extinc tion. The stream of rules, orders, decrees and regulations which has poured out of Washington since March 4. 1033. makes the presumption of knowledge of the law Impossible. The rights of the Individual are be ing lost In a labyrinth In which the clear-cut constitutional lines have been obliterated by vesting administrative agencies with combined Judicial, legis lative and. executive powers. — Chancellor Hitler Sec'y ickes A LL Germany aad most of the rest ^ of the world heard Adolf Hitler Justify his bloody purging of the Nazi 77 persons, and his defiance of his ene mies within and with out the relch. The chancel lor in his speech before a com plaisant relchstag em ployed his well known gift of oratory to the limit, and unless the Berlin correspondents are mistaken, he won to his support the great majority of Ger mans who- were wa vering In their allegiance to him. Hitler hot only defended the slaugh ter of the alleged conspirators, but also gave warning that a like fate awalta all other “traitors.’' Every one Is to know for all fu ture times," he said, "that. If he raises his hand for attack against the state, certeie death will be his lot.” Far from apologizing for the kill ings, he shouted: “I gave orders to shoot those who were mainly respon sible for treachery. I gave further orders to burn out Into the raw flesh the pest boll of our Interual well poisoning and the poisoning of foreign countries. I was the supreme court of Ifie land foF24 hours.” Answering the French denial of com plicity In the plot, the chancellor said: “If three traitors In Germany agree to meet with a foreign statesman and carry out this meeting after remov ing domestic help and giving orders to keep the meeting secret, let such men be shot dead, even If It should be true that In a conference thus kept secret from me there was talk only about the weather, or old coins, or sim ilar things." His Indictment of Roehm and the circle of perverts that surrounded him was terrific In Its details and con vincing to most of his listening coun trymen. Just before the delivery of his ad dress, Hitler and his government were notified by Great Britain and Italy that they approved the eastern Euro pean security pacta that France la fostering. These would Include Rus sia, Poland, the Baltic states and Czechoslovakia, and unless Germany also signed up the result would be the forging of an iron band around the reich. The aim of the British gov ernment Is to force Russia to enter the league of Nations and Germany to come back to th4 League. - Hitler alluded to this plan in de fiant language. He said: “If our trade balance, through eco nomic barriers In Jorelga-martoeteef- - through political boycott, becomes a passive one, we shall, through our own ahl'lty and thanks to the genius of our Inventors and chemists, find ways of making ourselves Independent of those raw materials which we our^ selves are in a position to manufacture or find substitutes for." W HEAT production In th* Halted States this year will be th* low est since 1896, according to the gov ernment report For the second year slac* 1890 the yield will toll below domestic consumption. The government's figures, which completely upset calculations of the grain trade, Indicated the aggregate of the country's five leading grain crops will fail 450,000,000 bushels short of last year's production and 1,588,000,000 bushels below the yearly average for the period from 1927-31. The government estimated the total wheat crop at 484,000,000 bushel*, which is 10,000,000 bushels below th# forecast it made a month ago. Evfin more aenaatlonal than the re port on wheat was the government prediction of a corn crop of 2,113,000,- 000 bushels. Private authorities had predicted a crop of 2,334,000,000 bush els, and it was believed that the gov ernment’s figure would show little change. The corn crop has been counted on to make bp the known de ficiencies In other feed crops. T HE world civil service commission of the Methodist Episcopal church. In session at Evanston, III., voted to participate In the campaign against dirty moving pictures that originated largely in the Legion of Decency or ganized within tfie Catholic church. This campaign la having its effect on the movie Industry and the makers of film pictures have been deeply dis turbed. Joseph L Breen of Will Hays’ office has been made virtual dic tator of pictures in so far as their de cency Is concerned. Ten of the larg est concerns making movies have agreed to "grant to exhibitors the right to omit the exhibition of any motion picture released prior to July 15, 1984, against which there liTangebuIh* pro-' test on moral grounds’* I |T MAY be that William P. JlcCrack- declded the senate had not the Juris diction to Inflict such punishment The case will be carried up to the Su preme court C'OR the first time In history a newa- ^ paper office has been picketed by editorial workers. This was done by leaders of the American and New York newspaper guilds to the Long Island Press, published in Jamaica, L. I. The Press says It "o|>erates all Its mechan ical departments on a union basis and exceeds the requirements of the NRA In every department.” But Heywood Broun and his colleagues aver It op poses the organization of editorial workora and has viola tod tbo eollee- WcGraeten -was tried- hythCTiefiffTS" for contempt because he refused to give the airmail committee copies of correspondence with his clients. He claimed that as a lawyer he could not produce the documente- without mission from those whom he repre sented. TpHOUSANDS of applicants for PWA funds are sure to be disap pointed, according to Secretary Ickes, who says nearly all that ndminlstra- lion's money has been allocated or earmarked. President Roosevelt re cently turned over to PWA about $400,000,000 of the maximum of $500,- 000.000 which congress authorized him to allocate for public works. tlve bargaining provision of the NRA. Therefore they are asking that tho government prosecute the Press. H IS position greatly strengthened by events in Germany, Chancellor Engelbert Doll fuss of Austria reorgan ized bis cabinet and declared unre lenting warfare on the Nazis In his coun try. He got rid of three ministers who were not working well with him and himself took the portfolios of public safety, defense, foreign affairs and ag riculture. MaJ. Emil Fey was supplanted as vice chancellor by Prince Von Starhem- berg and was given the Job of repressing all anti-government political activities. Probably to register his disapproval of 'Hitler’s methods, especially as they affect Catholics, Dollfuss recalled Ste phen Tausehnltz, minister to Germany, and made him undersecretary of for- elgn -affairs; — The opponents of Dollfuss have been resorting freely to the throwing of bombs, especially in Vienna, and the chancellor In his official com- mufilque ee44 his patience-wa»-%nded" and that all political opposition to him must cease. The Immediate reply to this was the throwing of a lot mors bombs. Eagles, Ogpreja, Crows Morgan's Corsair Safla What la Wrong? Three Better Things In Alberta's hag* Jasper park, Fred Brewster, a Rocky mountain guide, watches eagles and ospreys, also celled "fish hawks," sitting on the high limbs of a tree, eagles at the top, ospreys below, and still lower down plain crows, *11 watching the lake. An osprey drops, brings np a fish. Two eagles pursue, the frightened osprey drops the fish. The eagles try to catch it, nsvally toll. The crows, flying close to the surface. In a body, never fall, always get'the tolling fish and enjoy It dilation upside down. With os, those nearest the ground get the least those next above get a little more, and those at the very top get practically every thing. J. Plerpont Morgan of Broad and Wall streets ordered his big yacht Corsair, to his front door on Blast Island, and wM cross for a short vaca tion In England. Once such a trip might have aroused envy, but no more. The traveling salesman, the "lady buyer" for a de partment store, almost anybody, may cross on a bigger, faster, finer boat than the Corsair at a very reasonable price. en, Jr., will not have to serve the ten days In Jail to which the senate sentenced him. The District of Colum- _ _ -bl*Cottrt-of-Atimaiii. by ■ a fn 'J! vT^ hfadiiB mad and woman take pride In The wise socialism la that which gives to the big crowd bigger and better ships, parks and hotels than any individual no matter -how rich, could afford for himself. Also, among Americans of the right Improving their own little house or boat, wasting no time In foolish envy of others. There Is no real happiness of possession, except In what we earn. What la the matter with this coun try, swindled by assorted gangs of politicians, robbed by innumerable gangs of grafters, racketeers, high waymen, degraded by Indecent moving ether reasons, yet l bettere pictures and other entertainments, the public peace and faint signs of re turning prosperity imperiled by strike troubles and violence? Has the United States become a sort of "western China,” unable to take care of Itself? In what direc tion Is It headed? Washington.—Instead of July prov ing to be • month of doldrums, which la so often the case Campmgn in the National Cap- timet Drawn lt has turped out to be one of the busiest, politically. In recent years. A result of It la that, fully six weeks earlier than usually, the campaign is sues for the fall elections are drawn squarely on President Roosevelt and the New Deal. With the Initial blasts already In the record. It Is quite ap parent that the campaign will be pred icated on the claim or the Republican* that the New Deal has not been what It waa cracked tip to ho, and-a defenie by the Democratic spokesmen that we are all better off because of It But there Is a third element to be considered In the coming campaign. It is the personality, Influence and ora tory of Senator Borah of Idaho. His sudden decision to do battle as a "lone wolf" has Injected an Issue in Itself, and my Information Is that the Idaho senator’s participation In the campaign la not to be minimized. He has a great Allowing; he is an orator than which the country has produced few who are greater, and he has a finality about his decisions and methods of express ing Qiem that Is pretty hard to bbat down. President Roosevelt put his case be fore the people before he went on his vacation In hla usually simple and di rect style. No one deprecates his abil ity to do that, and I think, generally speaking, Washington observers are agreed that hla proudest effort was made when he spoke to hla millions of radio listeners late In June. I bate heard much praise for the President as a result of bis direct question to those millions: “Are you better off than you were a year ago?” Every one could understand It, and every one could analyze hla own condition for himself. Of course, many of the Roose velt opposition are criticizing the speech for “saying nothing" and for President Roosevelt, warmly wel comed by marching, singing and prais ing citizens in Porto Rico and the Vir gin islands, hoped to make the New Deal reach every corner of the United States, saying: “I believe In better homes, better living conditions, and a better chance to earn a living.” Everybody believes In those things, and since the beginning of history, and long before, has been trying to get them. The questions is how to provide those things permanently. The widespread attack on disgrace fully Immoral moving pictures has competleff tho** IMl trade in Inde cency to take their minds off*the box office for e moment and consider a serious danger. The crusade against indecency, led by the Catholic church and directed by the Archbishop of Baltimore, who began the crusade, has been Joined by Jewish synagogues and rabbis, and now many Protestant bodies have decided to take part. observers are agreed that Mr. Roose velt opened the fall campaign of his party In a very clever manner from a political standpoint Respecting the effort of Chairman Henry P. Fletcher of the Republican national committee, in his opening blast there seems to be little disagree ment that he has taken a decidedly bold stand. If the Republicans are to get anywhere. It la obvious that It must be through Mr. Fletcher’s lead ership. When he went against the ad vice of some of his timid advisers, therefore, and made the President and his New Deal policies the Issue, he displayed courage of a kind that Is regarded around Washington as being a little unusual for a minority party chief. I am told that a good many Re publicans wanted to peck away at Chancellor Dollfuss Rudolph Hess, representing Hitler, and speaking as “a soldier of the front," suddenly changed. In his broad cast, from German to French, and ap pealed to the old enemy across the line not to make necessary the build ing of new trenches, urging that trench life la not pleasant Herr Hess might have added to hts speech: “While our German troops never reached Paris In all the four years of the last war, remember that German airplanes would reach there In the first two or three hours of the next war and a few hours later not om of the great monuments of Paris would be left standing; not Notre Dame, the Madeleine or the beautiful' Sainte Ohapelle.” Bombarding airmen wlH not spare monuments dearest to the enemy. Everything would run smoothly If all 4h» -United States representatives r G EN. HUGH S. JOHNSON, NRA administrator, In a speech at Waterloo, Iowa, commented scathing ly on the recent executions In Ger many, saying: “I ha,ve seen something of that sort In Mexico during the Villa ravages and among seml-civllized people or savages half-drunk on sotol ahd mari juana, but that such a thing should happen In a country of some supposed culture passes comprehension." The German embassy In Washing ton Immediately filed a protest With Secretary Hull, and that gentleman explained that Johnson was speaking as an Individual and not for the ad- > mlnlstratlpn. A DMIRAL OKADA, the new premier of Japan, and his ministers of war, navy, finance and foreign affairs met In Toklo and decided Qiat Japan must Insist that naval ratios be scrapped and that she be given equal ity with Great Britain and the United States when the Ixmdon naval limits- , tlon treaty 1* revised. They also de cided Japan must perfect her arma ments to protect the-gountry from a foreign menace. J JNDERSON and hla In- conference on dis armament are going to try once more to bring abont at least a reduction of the world’s armaments. Their steer- and senators felt as G. Bryant of West Virginia feels. A candidate for con gress, his platform reads: "I am behind President Roosevelt all the way. Til Jump off the top of the Washington monument if he wants me to." A solid bouse and sehate like that would make Fascism unnecessary. A rthur hei ternational Ing committee decided to meeting of the conference next September, when the Nations assembly will be to Congratulate Mussolini "Dressed In boots, old trousers and a blue sweat er," he helped Italian workers to har vest crops oo the Pontine marshes, changed by him from fever-breeding swamps into fertile, dry ground. Mussolini and modern machinery did It, where former rulers had tried and failed. "Sleeping car airplanes" are now a reality. They have been foretold to this cohtmn and elsewhere for yearn. Foolish plans are proposed and fool ish things are dene, but .real progreae continues. to Kto* rvatw araei—fa adversary woirbolding him personally and directly responsible for whatever shortcomings can be unearthed as a result of a year and a half of 'un- - precedented, breath-taking activity by the New Dealers. Mr. Fletcher's program will not be easy to execute. For example. Senator Barkley of Kentucky, who was the keynote speaker at the convention which accorded Mr. Roosevelt the Democratic nomination, already has been on the air waves with an an gered answer. The Kentucky senator did not pull his punches, either. • • • How the Roosevelt forces will com bat Senator Borah’s argument la not yet apparent They Borah*t have two dlffic u 11 “ Blast problems in connec tion with the Borah attacks. In the first case, the Idaho senator really disarmed the Democrats to a certain extent when, in his ini tial blast, he turned one barrel on the Democrats and the other on the Re publicans. He did not mince words and the Democrats cannot say with ^respect to Senator Borah that he spoke In generalities. So ln fighting tack at him, the Democrats are confronted, first, with his disclaimer that he Is fighting a Republican battle and, sec ondly, that he avoided direct charges, nothing ronld he mora dlreet than the chaise that the New Dealers have built up a bureauracy In Washington that destroys Initiative and eats up taxes. The Republicans can get away with out paying any particular attention to the Borah bombardment 'Whatever criticism he levels at the Roosevelt forces naturally redounds to Repub lican benefit and when Senator Borah says toe Republicans are not fighting off monopoly, their natural answer is that they are not In control of the government machinery which has done away with anti-trust laws in favor of the codes and blua eagle. I understand that there la s< possi bility of Senator Nye of North Da kota Joining with Senator Borah. Sen ator Nya, although a Republican, sup ported the Rootsvelt candidacy. It was the North Dakotan who conducted" the fight against General Johnson and the recovery administration to con- last winter bectnse of what Nye felt was dikcrlmlnation MPalqgt the "little fellow" and to favor ef biff hiwIniML Ha nolat abont too situation that the Pree> ident eventually named the NRA hoard of- review of whldk Clarence Darrow of Chicago waa chairman, if Senator Nye takes np the cudgel along with Senator Borah, therefore, hla at* tacks and criticism obviously will be directed at New Deal policies to* way they worked out in NRA. With the Republican fire charging Mr. Roosevelt with fall responsibility, it becomes plain that Senator Nye will be an other thorn In toe administration’* side despite any statements he may make that he merely wants to correct some of the shortcomings. Notwithstanding what the two "lone wolf^ Serartors itave to say or what Mr. Fletcher and front-line Republican orators charge, the Roosevelt force* are understood to be digging In behind the President’s question to his radle audience. see A good many ebservers in Washing* ton are Inclined to toe opinion that President' Rooaevelt Too Mach Is beginning t* Duplication “ sh * ke d ® wD ‘’ bl T various boards and* commissions and agencies to which be- entrusted particular phases of the re covery program. The chances are, say these observers, that Mr. Rooaevelt has seen too much ^ duplication and overlapping of effort and Is now en gaged, through trusted advisers. In cor relating the efforts to the end that some of the numerous "alphabetical agencies" can be retired. ’ The view above mentioned appar ently was given birth by the selection of Donald Rlcliberg to serve as head of toe so-called executive council for the next several months. Mr. Rich- berg was given leave from hla Job a* general counsel for NRA In order to take over the new work In which he succeeds Frank C. Walker. It waa an nounced that Mr. Walker will have » merited vacation concurrently with the President's rest, and that Mr. Rkhberg-would- act as the eyes anff ears for the Chief Executive. But there is more to the sltuatlo* than those statements. The President Is aware that there la an undercurrent .of differences among some of hls ad* vlsers. and such a condition, of course, Is not Improved by overlapping of au thority. It Is quite evident, therefore, that Mr. Rlchberg has been assigned to the Job of untangling the skein where several strings have become knotted. And. further. It seems to me to be only natural that there would be such difficulties where the struc ture of government has expanded so rapidly. If one examines all of the facte to- they stand, therefore, and has In mtad how rapidly things have changed since Mr. Roosevelt took office In March. 1033, It would appear that the tithe various Items of the New Dee! end at toss, come for the settling down proc- various subordinates of the admlnla- eM * tratlon to gain favor. Mr. Fletcher ap parently chose to fly straight Into the In some quarters in Washington, the feeling has prevailed that Mr. Roose- flght, marking Mr. Roosevelt as tho velL IfftPi on tha Hawaiian crutso ta order to let administration affair* rather settle down of their own ac cord. Although foreign trade experts are scattered throughout the government and are doing every- Exports thing In their power Slump to P romo to foreign trade, exports of American farm products continue to slump, and only recently hit the low est point In twenty years. The Depart ment of Agriculture made public flg^ urea the other day disclosing that ex ports of farm products In May aggre gated exactly 50 per cent of the aver age from 1909 to 1914. Since those years are regarded as normal and do not Include the peak years after the end of the World war, May exports this year obviously were not much more than one-third of the record years. _ There la always a decline In export* of farm products in the spring, but It seems to have been a lot worse this year than usual, the total being con siderably below May of 1933. Cotton apparently waa the commodity for which there waa least demand, and when .cotton exports fall off the whole average drops because our cotton ex ports cut a big figure In the total shipments abroad. Department of Agri- culture figures show that' there wag* T 4 only 299,000 bales of cotton exported In May, whereas In May, 1933, the shipments of this commodity amounted to 628,000 bales. Japan, Great Britain and Germany, the three principal buy er* of American cotton, each took less In May this -year than In the same month of 1933. Theto conditions have happened de spite creation of the Import-Export bank, of which George N. Peak is chairman, and the designation of Francis B. Sayre, assistant secretary of state, to give special attention to promotion of foreign trade. These two assignments are, of course. In addi tion to toe various agencies of the Departments of Commerce and Agri* culture whose Job It is to encourage foreign trade. Better than anything else, perhaps, the condition Illustrates the truth ef the old adage that yon can lead a hena to water hot you cannot make him drink. If then It no demand for onr farm product! abroad, you cannot sell them, ntt of the theories of professors aotwHM standing.