Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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The Barnwell People-Sentinel, Barnwell, S. C, April 2C, 1934 SA • News Review of Current v Events the World Over % / !>flr—~ President Tells What He Wants Congress to Do—Mussolini Tries Another Restoration Method—Senate’s "'7” ~ Tax-Booeting Bill. *77 ~ By EDWARD W. PICKARD PrwIcUnt RooMvelt DRESIDENT ROOSEVE1.T, In • • series of conferences with congres sional leaders, made known his de sires in the waj of Immediate legisla tion. First, he told them he would soon submit a new request for $1,600,000,000 for relief purposes, ss was Indicated In his January budget mes sage. This bill will Include, several pro- visions — namely, a housing program and 1500,000,000 for the public works program to aid employment The relief will be made a part of the usual deficiency measure. Next, Mr. Roosevelt wants a stock market regulation bill with better teeth than those In the much modified Fletcher-Kayburn measure. He de sires, too, passage of reciprocal tariff, general revenue, municipal bank ruptcy, and federal Insurance on bank deposits measures. In order that congress may get through and adjourn by the middle of May, the President is willing to side track some of the administration measures, including the permanent air mall legislation and the Wagner bill to eliminate company-dominated unions. He was reported also to have expressed opposition to measures to create a central monetary authority. The house, it is said, will be ready to adjourn by May 15, but there is doubt whether tbe “senate" will get through Its work before June 1. J OHN J. BLAINE, for years one of the prominent political figures la Wisconsin, former governor of that stats and also United States senator, died of pneumonia at bis homeTn Bos- cobel. He was one of the La Follette group of independent Republicans and ~was defeated for renomination to the ’senate In 1932 by John B. Chappie, who was beaten in the election by F. Ryan Duffy, At tho-tlma of hla death Mr. Blaine was a director of the Re construction Finance corporation. LX P REMIER MUSSOLINI of Italy has his own Ideas of the way to restore prosperity, and they are utterly at variance with those of President Roosevelt' By his direction the conn- cil of ministers Issued a series of de cree laws designed to make the cost •f living commensurate with the pur chasing power of the lira. The Italian lira now stands at 3 to 1 la purchasing power with reference to pre-war values, II Duce declared. The cost of living on the other hand Is 4 to 1 with reference to pre-war prices. The two will be equalised, Mussolini and his ministers declared, and here Is what tjjey did? Slashed the pay of members of tbs government 20 per cent. Cut the pay of state and public em ployees on a scale ranging from 0 to 12 per cent. Slashed various supplements and indemnities granted state employees and others from 10 to 50 per cent Ordered every landlord In Italy to reduce rents by 12 per cent In cases of Individuals and societies, and 15 per cent In case of businesses and Tffiopa. ’ Reduced prices Ijo co-operative stores and military co-operatives by 10 per cent. President Roosevelt is right, not Mussolini, said the London Sunday Ex press in an editorial. “Mussolini cuts all food prices and rents on all dwellings,’’ the paper pointed out “He cuts, too, state sal aries In excess of £2 ($10) a week. Roosevelt works the opposite way by raising wages and prices all around. Mussolini wants to reduce the cost of living. Roosevelt seeks to increase purchasing power.” Secretary lekea, acting aa Public Works administrator, asked Attorney General Cummings to file condemna tion proceedings against 184 parcels of land there In the name of the Federal Emergency Housing corporation. In addition to these parcels the govern ment Is buying outright 70,000 square feet of land to complete what Is need ed for a $2,000,000 housing plan tor negroes. It wai Indicated that similar action in comectloo with housing plans will be taken In Chicago and other cities. : :. " \ \ . V * 1 \ \ <■ A I. r A L F A BILL- MUKRAT ** governor of Oklahoma, doesn’t propose to permit resales of property for delinquent taxes in his state. These sales were scheduled In eleven A4kiinti<ka cl t /kiH&rfi vvrutiviCDt dka vrttttri B having already called them off. The governor called out his ever-ready Na- ing that “protection for the hotnes of the people in stressful times like these is a vital policy tran scending any t e rn- porary loss In taxes.'’ He ordered the arrest of any county official who at tempted' to conduct a delinquent-tax sale. _ The counties to which guardsmen were sent are scattered. In most coun ties the military department consisted of an officer and three men. Adjutant Genera] Barrett said a greater number was not sent_for economic reasons, but added that “more troops will be ready to go if necessary." Gov. Murray T WO court victories were won by the* AAA in one day. In Chicago Federal Judge W. H. Holley upheld the right of the AAA to regulate the milk industry by means of set prices at which all milk must be purchased from farmers. This was In accord with oth er recent decisions. In New Orleans the United States Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals dis solved an Interlocutory Injunction Is sued against an agency of the Agricul- wttd- in its opinion described the AAA mar keting agreement for Florida citrus growers as being “legal." Without directly passing on the question of constitutionality of the agricultural ad justment act, which had been raised in the lower court, the Circuit Judges said: “The act provides that such (marketing) agreements shall be law ful, notwithstanding the anti-trust laws. The validity of that provision is not assailed, and so the marketing agreement, being legal, la enforceable, even though other provisions of the act may be invalid.” pERTAIN tax Increases written Into the tax bill by the senate and passed by that body are regarded by house lenders as quite undesirable. Chairman Doughton of the ways and means committee declared they were entirely outside the original intent of the new revenue legislation, -and a fight against them was planned in con ference. When the measure readied the sen ate It contained provisions estimated te produce $258,000,000 a year in new revenue, chiefly by stopping the loop holes through which legal tax avoid ance had been possible. The bill fell quickly Into the hands •f the senate “liberal" element, and provisions were Inserted to add $220,- 000,000 to the yield provided by the house. Also, the senate inserted the provision for publicity of all income tax returns, which has been proposed many times but usually knocked out before final enactment. T HE first measure in United States. history to limit a crop was sent to the White House for approval after the house agreed to the senate altera tions in the Bankhead compulsory cot ton control bill. Final action by the senate was taken after the bill had been attacked earnestly by Senator Bailey of Texas and other aouthern- era. Moat radical so far of the New Deal measures, the bill restricts the Booth’s output of cotton this year to 10,000,000 bales by placing a tax of 50 par cent upon all cotton ginned in ex ceaa of that figure. The secretary of tfricultare la to apportion to each farmer, through hla agents, the amount of cotton be may grow. pONDEMNATION and seizure of pri- ^ rate property la the interest of the administration’s, great bousing pro gram has been begun In Atlanta, Ga. ■J J UST before he left Washington for Miami to meet’the President and accompany him back to the Capital, General Johnson decreed a radical re organization of the NRA along lines sim ilar to those of the army. The most im portant part of this shakeup was the ap pointment of Lieut Col. G. A. Lynch, an infantry officer of the regular army, as John son's right hand man. Colonel Lynch, whom the administrator de scribes as “the most advanced thinker in the United Btatet army," Is given full Jurisdiction over all matters not otherwise assigned. He has complete authority to approve codes, seders, amendments and other modifications, and may sign codes that do not require the signature of the President. The NRA administration no longer will be a one-man affair, and^ Col. G. A. Lynch i one man ai 1 Is now laii CTENIO TDfCBNT, president ot ^ Haiti, arrived la Washington te tell Preeldeat Rooeeveit about the troubles of the little republic end Whs the guest of the government for throe days. He was entertained at luacheoa In the White House sad pleated with’ the President fhr the removal ef American control over Haitian finance when the American marines ere with drawn In October. Mm Roosevelt al ready Knew Mr. Vincent for she eaUed Oh him IT visited Haiti by plane recently on her way back from Puerto Rica D R. WILLIAM A. WIRT, the really eminent educator of Gary, ln<L, told hla story of a “red plot" to over throw the government of the United Stated, sq far Ss the Democratic majority of tbs house investi gating committee mitted, and the era) opinion thi out the country wee that it was “not so hot** The Democrats declared-It -was utter Dr. Wy A. Wirt bunk. The Repub licans, who bed hoped to find good political material in the affair, asaertyi that gag nite had been enforced. Thq revelation of the alleged scheme of the radicals, said Wirt, came to him at a fii’nner given by Miss Alice Bar- rows at a country house near Wash- Ingtoa The other guests were Robert Bruere, David C. Coyle, Miss Hilda- garde Kneeiand and Miss Mary^Tay- T WANE THIS Revolution in Why Point Austria day Watching the Hen Vienna and what Is left are threatened with a revolution. Signs placed secretly on mall read brkers and comrades, re; and be careful The venge la coming." Signed ter." With that comes Dews that Vleona-Paria-London express train wan wrecked In Austria by the removal ef • steel rail, causing the death of n fireman and one other and injuring many. The result of such tactics, .keeping travelers end money out of Austria, may^ar to kray n more rapidly. National Tnpica Interpreted byWaioitBi the rmru In New Orleans the convention ef "American Cosmeticians," manufae- lor, all, like the hostess, connected with the government, and Lawrence Todd, jihief of the Tass, official Soviet gov ernment news agency In the United States. From their conversation, Wirt said, he gathered that men high in the councils of the administration were plotting the overthrow of the Ameri can social order and that they con sidered President Roosevelt as-an- other Kerensky to be followed by an other Stalin. The six men named by Wirt were Secretary of Agriculture Henry A. Wallace; Prof. Rexford Guy culture and recognized head of the brain trust;. Prof. Milburn L. Wilson, head of the rffit^jatence homestead di vision of the Department of Interior; Dr. Robert Kohn, head of the houaing division .of the public works adminis tration; Dr. Frederick Howe, consum ers’ counsel for the agricultural ad justment administration, and Henry T. Rainey, speaker pf the house of repre sentatives. ' The most serious charges made by the gentleman from Indiana were di rected at Professor Tugwell; but his basis for these, as for practically all of his.story, was hearsay, second-hand information and vague statements by some of his fellow guests at the dln- ner. In that lay Its weakness, though there are many serious-minded A user! cans who Insist that there should be a real investigation of any govern ment officials seeking to- undermine the present form of government. The committee, having heard Wirt, adjourned for some days with the in tention of calling as witnesses those who attended the country house din ner. Some of them already had denied flatly or belittled the statements made by Wirt Chairman Bulwlnkle of the committee intimated that there -war no intention of summoning the “higher ups" named by Wirt, or anyone else; so It seemed likely the whole Inquiry would fizzle out Indeed, the ground Is now laid for the retirement of General Johnson, which has been predicted for some time. n EDUCTION of passenger rates in ^ the South and West proved to ba a goose vjthat laid many golden eggs for the railroads In those regions, but now the NRA. which has no control over the railways, Is trying to per suade the Interstate Commerce com mission to klH the goose because the bus operators are complaining. A hearing has been called In Washing ton for' April 28 and the bus opera tors. the' railway officials and the pub lic will be beard. The first named propose that the railroads raise teach rates to 2 cents and puttman rater t» 8 cents and that tbs motor but code be changed to bait special excursion L OTS of bickering resulted from the Wirt case, and in this some of the Democrats concerned did not make a good showing. Chairman Bulwlnkle of the committee, for instance, as serted that Wirt was imprisoned at Gary during war times for pro-Ger- mau activities. Later on MV. Bul- wlnkle retracted this charge and made an apology in a speech before the house. Secretary of the Interior Ickes accused Doctor Wirt of having sought to obtain public works money for a “Fairyland" project in the In diana dunes by which Doctor Wirt was to sell 2,000 front feet of dune land along Lake Michigan at $50 a foot, a total sale price of $100,000. The project was disapproved by the Public Works administration as “vl slonary and impractical," Ickes said. Doctor ^irt issued a denial of Sec retary Ickes’ tale, explaining that he had no connection with the proposed project and that the company with Which he wai connected had held the land in question for 12 years to pre serve it for park purposes. *-•—' -V—r-" »T~ S AMUEL INSULL, fallen utilities magnate, la on hla way home to be tried for his alleged misdoings In connection with the bankruptcy of hla financial empire Tamed over to the American authorities by the Turkish government, he was taken from Istan bul by coastal steamer and train to Smyrna and there put aboard tho American export liner Ex Ilona. He la due . to land In New Tork "about May 20. Burton T. Berry, third secretary of the American embassy at Istanbul, was designated to accompany InsuB on tho trip to the United Sta'tea. ladles pat on their facet, announce more Ik the way of transformation than has been seen thus for—hair qf many colors, easily changed; very fine "precious stone" effects on. the finger nails. Many things can be forgiven, but hops and pray that iadles' and eoa- metldans can be persuaded to give ap painting the toenails. It Is a terrible thing when a young woman crosaea her legs to see, peeping out of new-fangled sandals, a big toe with a nail made to look like a cabo- ebou ruby. Knowledge of mob psychology la shown in the statement of a night dub manager. "When a fight breaks out la the dub the orchestra has orders to stop jazz and everything exciting and play a slow, dreamy waltz. Thai them.’ \y According to infornmtion obtained by Mr. •"Whirligig," S quiet waits keeps those not 4nterested In the fight from Joining It Aa Intelligent Frenchman, Gustave be Bon, ban written a book called La Foul* (“The Crowd”), that confirms the night dub manager’s theory. Crowds do not reason ; logical argu ments have no effect on them. But music does affect them, and so does loud yelling. - • , A distinguished American, living In Spain, told how wonderfully fresh the eggs were The farmer’s wife would watch the ben sitting on the nest, taking the egg as soon as It was laid, and give it to the American for break fast Similarly, the earnest conscientious American tax collectors watch the country’s business men sitting on the industrial nest and take away the dollar aa soon aa It la made. The veterans’ administration In Washington laid down the interesting rule that blind veterans of the World war should receive almost twice as much as a soldier who lost a leg in battle. 7 The legless veteran gets $119 a month aa a maximum. If he baa lost the use of both feel or both hands, or one foot and one hand and one eye, he can get a maximum of fl75 a month. A veteran totally blind ta entitled to $160 a month, plus $60 for a nurse or attendant, “even though the blind ness resulted from willful miscon duct’’ Except Insanity, no misfortune Is greater than loss of eyesight If you feel gloomy and perhaps begin to feel that “the world la going to the dogs," remember that the Gracchi be lieved It in Rome long ago. Adam and Eve believed It when they were put out of the garden. The world has always been “going to the dogs," yet always getting better. May first, according to the Presi dent’s proclamation, will be “Child Health day." The best way to pro mote child health is to encourage abundant distribution of the right Washington.—As the political pet be gins ta reach the baOlng stage through out the ceuntry, it la Rmd Hot apparent that, ta- Cnnmnn'iJMm. stead ot % dearth ef bmmpmgn m whldl candidates can harangue, there will actually be many ef them. A few •hart weeks ago, political leaders here boasted er moaned about the ef issues for the campaign, se as the boaster er the moaner Democrat er a Republican. The it* fek President Rooeeveit had been such a huge success that Re- oould not find a vital or nwahle spot ts attaek. Republicans, whether they said se out loud or not, felt mnch the same way. In the in terim, however, all ef this has been changed and there surely will be a red hot campaign during the eomifif Tatlbn, but that which Is summer and tan months. Looking over the situation, one sees as probable points of controversy such things as the air mall contract can cellation; the charges that the “New Deal" has overridden the Constitution of-the United States; the 4ev«lnation of tho dollar and tho profit-taking in which-the treasury thereafter engaged through setters of all geld; the en croachment of the federal government upon business Itself through NRA and the scores of administrations and com missions that have been, set up; the proposal to revise the method of elect ing the President, and the use of tax- payers’ money Lb development ef such plans as the Tennessee Valley author ity, to mention a few ef them. But It seems to me that the most Important issue ef all is only now coming u> thr^q palgn will beXthe hottest we have Bad in genecatlonA Otherwise, the fuew ttona, the Issues, will net be tboreughly debated. If they are act thoroughly ted bated, thousands upon thensands ef ‘voters are going to east their belleta aa Democrats or Republicans Just bo- cause they have always been Demo crats or Republicans. The coming campaign la aot of that structure. The bast Indication I havo seen of a probability that all phases ef tho economic policies evolved trem tho New Deal will be thereughly Ascumed Is the greater freedom ef debate la bills were sent te the Capital a year ago sad earlier la the present session of congress, and passed without de bate, er with very little. There la still tee little debate en much ef the legte- serves to enlighten the public ea the subject matter proposed. This ought to be After all, congress and the ad ministration are only representatives ef the people who pay the bill aid whose dtlsenshlp make up eur ait i * (73 > CW (■ is whether the voters desire to have the various New Deal items made a permanent part of eur national gov ernmental structure. It is to be recalled that virtually all ef the items of tho New Deal have been put- through congress as emer gency legislation. Some of them have been tested in courts on a constitu tional basis and have been upheld aa emergency laws. But it Is .necessary to think of the pronouncements by President Roosevelt almost directly as serting his Intention to make them per manent Otherwise, they would expire in June, 1985, a little more than a year from now. The expiration date fur nlshes the baaia for the issue that ap pears to be so important The 436 members of the bouse of representatives and the 36 senators who are op for election this fall will have been re-elected er defeated eight months in advance of the time when the decision must be made on contin uation of the New Deal Items that were enacted as emergency laws. Con gress, made up of the re-elected or new members, will convene In the first week of January, 1936. That will be the congress to decide what the course Figures have just been released here shewing that the federal government has approximately C/. S. Payroll 650,000 officials and at Poak ®mpioy«» on lt« payrolls. That is the highest point reached since the post war days ef 192Q. It represeeta a. good many hundreds ef mUlionl la deiiare for salaries of wages. And the Increase has been brought about de spite the economy laws that webe forced through congress last -year, jMWiQ aO.QOO at Inn-MS* hnring —■ cuirad alBce January I, 1934. The figures I have given do set In clude the members of the bouse anfi senate, nor their employees, nor te they Include the scores of workers that make up the staff ef the house and senate and the employees of the Cap itol The country’s federal judges and their staffs are counted in the totals, but the army, navy and martneofficere and enlisted men are not Included. Al most 400,000 men who are enlisted la the Civilian Conservation corps else are omitted. • : If one figures the average family aa four persons, the federal payroll pro- # rides a livelihood for at least 2,000,090 persona, a1fh6uih~T am assured by the Civil Service commission that five per sons Is a better average than fear, k> which event government pay checks sustain about 3,250,000. I do not make these statements la criticism. Ours is a vast ceuntry and a population of perhaps 127,000,000. But it seems important to me thatT there should be such s vast number of persons living on government pa$ checks. • • • I mentioned in an earlier paragraph In this letter that one of the Issues I F HENRI A. WALLACE baa way, Arthur W. Cutten, member of the Chicago wheat pit, will be barred from future trading on grain exchanges. The secretary of agricul ture summoned Cutten to appear be fore the Grain Future^ administration In Chicago on May 14 to answa* charges of falling to report his trades, as required by the grain futures act, with making falsa reports, sad wtfh concealing hli Irktei through'frMf ea- tries, dummy accounts and other eel- an/ > ^ . »«<*• practices. The alleged rates and chartering of buses. Moat | warv committed la I960 and IDSL larly good, fresh milk, butter, eggs, fresh vegetables, fruits, at reasonable prices. To pay farmers to cut down pro duction of such things, and force np prices, may be good for‘prosperity, but jt will not be good for the health of children. In tbe Stroud (Okla.) prison young Mr. Raymond Boles, If that la bis right name, know* that young, shrinking, timid American girls are sometime* dangerous He walked^ Into the Ru dell home, pistol In hand, told Mildred sixteen, end her sister, Lillian, seven teen, that he wss none other than th< famous bandit, "Pretty Boy" Flpytl demanded tbe key to their absent fa tiler’s automobile. Lillian took away bis pistol Mildred held Mm* by the hair. Since Uncle Bern went off the gold sad began buying gold at any te ted to pay, te has brought the water about $700,000,000 sew gold, an Increase Is our greater than the total gold of any other nation of earth, except France, England and Spain. Hi!a mate* Europe feel dubious about “eeUinfi dollars short." To go off the gold, and then own nearly all ef It, la v eonfuMpig\W« might get back shall be. It cannot dodge the ques tion. If the President requests that the emergency laws be made permanent, and he says be will, the new congress either will do hla bidding and re-enact the laws he desires or it ffill kill them Off by its refusal to act So the candidates this summer and fall must be prepared to answer wheth er they will support a continuation of the New Deal or will work against It That puts tbe question up to the vot ers. osely skin to a refer endum. For tbe farmers, for example, It will require a decision whether they want to go on into the future with a centralized functionary In Washington like AAA, telling them how much corn or wheat or cotton they can grow, hpw much milk, or eggs, or fruit, or cows, or sheep, or hogs they can produce. For the manufacturer, the Issue will requjre a decision whether he wishes to go on with production under the codes, likewise directed from Wash ington. For all taxpayers, It will re quire a decision on the question of the type of expend!turte that have been and are now going on out of the fed eral treasury. It strikes me as about the most importaht set of questions presented te American voters In many years. Upop their decision rests tbe future policy of this nation. • • • I have frequently expressed tbe opinion la these columns that things have happened so Paco h rapidly under the Too Swift '** 9W Deal" that « mo0t * ns here can not keep up with them. Frankly, as* an unbiased observer without political affiliation of any kind, I have been un able sometimes to reach a conclusion for myself regarding many of the New Deal projects. They have been thrust upon,os at such speed that it has been utterly Impossible to study all of them. And that la the unfortunate part of thq forthcoming campaign- if we, who are la the front rows of the theater, ere puxxled, what then must be the Mato of mind of those who are far re moved from the stage sad can judge only by tiie few favorable or a ' effects that reach them as tndl citizens? » There will be quite a bit af Water go over the dam before the ropw are ef the railroads art willing to qp this • to w« PaaturM may cast In November. It fore, that a better a tbe plot of the play eaa sated to the country at fiOr because the decision ttete ng ef dtssea}-' I hop*, te nude ts that the tarn- —— about—which—argu- Norrit ment Is Ukely to te EUction Han ?“' d ,♦”;» '“ t - this fall la the pro posal to revise the method of electing the President It Is proposed, In ef fect to amend the Constitution of the United States so that the method of electing a President of the United States weald be accomplished by a division of electoral vote la each state proportionately with the division of political party strength aa shown by Individual ballots. For example, and as a bettor way of explaining what la proposed: a state may be allowed twenty votea In the electoral college. At present, all of those electoral votes, are cast for the Presidential candidate who receives the majority of the in dividual ballots. It Is a unit ruto Now, the Constitutional amendment that la projected would force a division of those electoral votes so that, as suming the party votes were so divid ed, eight of the electoral votes would be cast for one candidate and twelve for the other. The authors of the proposed tnfDt are Senator l and Representative Lea of Callfc It Is the charge of the Republicans that the move ts designed to give tbe Democrats perpetual control of the Presidency. They are not making that charge eut loud yet They want con gress te pass the resolution proposing tbe amendment to the/states, so the Republican speakers ten argue about It all over the country this summer. The point the Republicans are mak ing la that the so-called solid Sooth will continue to/vote nearly all of !ta electoral ballots for the Democratic tendlteto. The* case of Mississippi la cited. It tea nine electoral votea. The Republican party Is virtually nonexist ent there/ The result would be that eight, and maybe all, ef the would be cast for the Dem- just aa they are each four fears the present system. Add te the votes of the South, the gains would come from such normally •totes as New York, and the Republicans - assert the remit would te permanent control ef the ^ government machinery by the Dem ocrata. Representative Lea says, however, that te thinks a virulent twwparty fight would develop In every state la the Union. Representative Martin, a Massachusetts Republican, argues that the Republicans “won’t have a chance." And there te pour Issue. ru'**-