The Barnwell people-sentinel. (Barnwell, S.C.) 1925-current, April 12, 1934, Image 2

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«> The Barnwell PeopIe^Sentiiiel, Barnwell, S. C, April 12, 1934 News Review of Current / , ■ . Events the World Over Revision of the Railway Labor Act Demanded by Eastman; First (Quarter of 1934 Shows Business Improve- lent; Turkey Orders Extradition of Insull. By EDWARD W. PICKARD I MMKDIATE comprehensive revision of the national railway lab^r act to expedite and enforce the settle ment of disputes between the railroads and their employees and to safeguard the right of collective bargaining, was rec ommended by Joseph B. Eastman, federal co-ordinator of trans portation, In a letter to Representative Sam Rayburn, chairman of the house Interstate commerce committee. His outstanding rec- J. B. Eastman ommendatlons wero these: The creation of a new national board of adjustment, divided tnto four tnde- pendent parts, whose awards would be enforceable In the courts. The substitution of a new national mediation board of three members for the present board of mediation of five members. The inclusion of all companies which operate equipment or facilities or fur nish service Included within the defini tion of the terms "railroad” and "transportation” In the Interstate com merce act. Provisions similar to those In the temporary emergency railroad trans- portatlon act of last year, Insuring - "the complete divorcement of r&ilroad employees and managements In the choice of representatives to deal one with the other” and providing ade quate means for the enforcement of these provisions. The a Hi •* *1X7 IIC1 iM'lfrt 1 vJJ would be divided Into four independent parts to adjust disputes arising from grievances or from the interpretation or application of agreements between the railroads and the employees. Each division would be composed of an equal number of representatives of manage ment and labor. In case of a deadlock, a neutral member would be appointed by the national mediation board. P RESlDtffcT ROOSEVELTS leader ship received Its first important set back when the senate, following sim ilar action by the house, overrode his veto of the independ ent offices approj tion bill carrying the veterans’ and federal pay provisions. The vote In the senate was 63 to 27, or three more than the required two- thirds. In the house the vote was over whelming, 310 to 72, a margin ef—SS more than the necessary V*'-. SK —Ov T HE first quarter of 1934 proved the most active In business since 1931, with some lines, notably automo bile production, making the best show ing since 1930. The easing of the la bor tension with the settlement of the automobile controversy was followed by the announcement of principal steel companies, and some other in dustrial concerns, of 10 per cent In creases In wages. Spreading of the movement to In' crease the compensation of labor was viewed hopefully by merchandise dls Irlbutlon lines and producers of con snmers goods. It has added a new element of uncertainty over costs. Some buying of steel developed In ex pectatlon of price Increases, although production continued little changed, Just under 50 per cent of capacity. Retail trade has experienced a pre- Easter shopping season widely de scribed as the best In four years. Wholesalers are running Into a sea sonal lull, but retailers are hopeful of a continuance of expanded volumes of spring merchandise as warm weather arrives. Seasonal lines have been moving in large volume. S AMUEL INSULL. fugitive utility magnate, has learned that Uncle Sam has long arms. He thought him self safe aboard the chartered freight er, on which he escaped from Greece, anchored at Istambul, but Uncle Sam’s long arm tagged him and he ww ar rested by the Turkish authorities. The council of ministers Immediately or dered his extradition to the United States. Two eminent Turkish lawyers on behalf of Insull filed an appeal with the supreme court of Turkey against the extradition order. They ask the court to examine the legality of the Indictments, claiming that the council of ministers acted agalnlt Turkish law la ordering the extradition. Unless the former utilities magnate la able to perform some new wonder, his year and a half flight almost half way arotind the world has been brought 4o as end. - _ Megnwhile, Washington officials arp g plans to expedite Insult's re- to the United States. Whether he jhall be trihd on state or federal charges, or on both, Is a point that has not yet been decided. The Issue de pends on the terms under/which Tur key surrenders hlm\ / munlsm'; It la not that, either. It Is not a driving regimentation founded upon the plans of a perpetuating di rectorate which subordinates the mak<< ing of laws and the pcocesses of the courts to the orders of the executives. Neither does It manifest Itself In the total elimination of any class or In the abolition of private property." {VOME JwknesaetL-qn^ of the most ^ magnificent Eas&rs in Its Tong history as the capital of Catholic Christendom. To the usual imposing Easter ceremonies in St. Peter's cathedral were added {bis year, by special will of POpe Plus, the solemn liturgical rites canonizing Dom Gio vanni Boaco. hnmble Turin priest. Easter also ertded the holy year pro claimed by the pontiff In commemora tion of the nineteenth century of the crucifixion. Eighty ..thousand people pressed Inside St Peter’s for the canonization ceremonies and the pon tifical mass afterwards, and nearly 300,000 more were estimated to have crowded Into St Peter’s square. Among the crowds were 100,000 on pilgrimages from many different coun tries. President Roosevelt BRISBANE THIS WEEK Such Fears, Such Worries The President Succeeded Man Prosaic, Woman Soars A. Bandit Face Lifted The government once kept oat of all business, sow it runs every business. Including farming. Senator Battey of Asm two-thirds. The* blU Is now a law, and Its passage is of high signifi cance, aa it throws the budget esti mate out of kilter and adds greatly to the tax burden of the people But of more Importance Is the evident fact that the President bsi lost his firm grip on congress. Fear of reprisals by war veteran voters In the coming elec tions proved a greater fear with many TtPTTim ■ ..H» ■nnntnnii thon dtsnlftaO. ure of the President Restoring two-thirds of a 15 per cent pay cut voted for a million govern ment employees, including military and naval personnel, *ln the economy act last summer, the bill also greatly liberalizes compensation and pensions to veterans of the World and &panlsh- { kOt it American wars. * North Carolina says of the Bankhead cotton bill limiting crops: *Tf the Supreme court passes that, 1 should know the end of all things had come In America, and 1 shall pre pare for the Socialistic regime and dictatorship.** However, facta count American farmers In 1933 received In cash $3,- 271,000,000, an increase of $1,158,000,- 000 over 1932. Much oratory and So cialism wsuld be needed to wipe out "■"fact like that— — This Increase of more than a bil lion Included cash of innocent taxpay ers, paid by the government to farm ers for plowing under crops Instead of letting them grow. But farmers are not particular about bow they \ National Topfcs Interpreted , • by William W EARY from the strain of dose application to the affairs of state, President Roosevelt departed for a short vacation aboard Vincent Astor's yacht He headed for the warm dimes of southern waters to fish and relax for a week. It was an unprec edented move for the Executive to leave Washington while congress Is In session; go when yacht before taking" the Presidential reins, the President greeted his cronies aboard ship and waved his hat to a rousing farewell from the folks on the dock at Jacksonville, Fla., where he boarded the yacht - \ With carefree happiness he posed for the photographers and joshed the P^W8p$tp&f men. He chatted eager! with his eldest son; James, who joined him here for the cruise. ~ 'For " The next week of mortr'tfie f Secretary Ifckea, President will be fishing and swim ming, away from .the heavy cares of office. A CTING under the power delegated ** to him by President Roosevelt under an executive order, National Recovery Administrator Johnson ap proved an amendment to the bituminous coal code Imposing a five- day week of 35 hours and revising Its wage . scale upward, figured on a $5 base with dlf^ ferentlals, on the En tire bituminous coal industry. The amend ment Is subject to a hearing on April 9. Authoritative sources in Washington agreed that the operators wpuld accept the amendment, at leasL until after the hearing and that the threat of a strike Is avoided at leakt until after that hearing by the action of the NRA head. John L. Lewis, president of the United Mine Workers, Issued a state ment praising the action of the ad ministration and promising the co-op eration of the union. Gen. Johnson 0 i IN THE foreword of bis forthcoming 1 new book, "On Our WOv,” President Roosevelt says If his administration "is a revolution. It Is a peaceful one, achieved without violence, without the^ overthrow of the purpose of estab lished taw and without the denial of just treatment to any iDdividuai or cl he proofs of the foreword, given ut by the publishers, the John Day company, read: "Some people have called our new poller ^fMclsm.* It la not fascism its Inspiration springs from mass of the people themselves rather than from a dais or a group or a marching army. Moreover, it la being achieved without a change In fundamental republican method. We have kept the faith with, and In, oar traditional political Instltutiona "Some people have caled it ‘com- NITED STATES DISTRICT JUDGE JOHN C. KNOX qf New York upheld the minimum rate fixed by the dyers’ and cleaners code In what was officially declared to be the federal government’s first appearance In qourt on a clean-cut Issue involving the national recovery act. Thp decision held that the govern ment was entitled to a judgment re straining the Spotless Dollar Cleaners, Inc., a concern operating some 32 stores In and about the city, from per forming services for patrons at less than the code fixed minimum prices. R was charged fn tho sult that the defendant company was dry cleaning men’s suits for 89 cents each and wom en's dresses for 45 cents apiece as IgftTMt the m and 75 eent ~mtnJnnnn, respectively, fixed under the code. rendering this decision,” wrote JudgeN^nox. "I know full well that It may be a^istinct step beyond the boundaries wiich in peace times have been said to circumscribe the. powers of congress, w defendant be Immedi ately restrained from ^continuing Its violation of thelmlnimum prices of the code, anc^ my conclusion should here after be held to we erroneous, great damage will be Its portion. Therefore I will suspend the operation of the In junction -for ten days. Within that period defendant can apply to the Court of Appeals Tor further delay.” A USTRIA’S new corporative constl- ** tutlon, aa published In {he Official government gazette, gives the presi dent powers similar to those possessed )»y the late Emperor Franz Josef when he ascended the throne after crushing s republican revolution In 1848. The president will rule through the cod- stltutlon. but may change it whenever he thinks an emergency demands. The constitution will be based on the. prin ciple that all power emanates from God —in contrast to tise present one, which •ays all power emanatet from the peopled The bill will cost the goverment an additional $210,000,000 annually. It eliminates retroactively as of Feb ruary 1, 1934, one-third of the federal employees’ pay cut and an additional third on July 1. The cost to the gov ernment under the provision will be $26,000,000 for the period from Febru ary i to July 1, and $126,000;000 an nually thereafter. " The increased amounts for govern ment workers and veterans will come from the general revenues of the gov ernment. Washington.—One ef the outstand ing eigne te be noted In the Washing-' toi “ political ail— Wake* Up tlen these da; Minority the renewed co and strength /being gathered by the mlaertty. There is no longer any doubt about /it. The minority in the government, consist ing, first, of dyed-in-the-Wool Repub- Ucans and, secondly, sf Aid line Demo crats. who canaot edits follow all items of the New Deal have begun to pull back. For the first time since. President Roosevelt came In, there is at least a real "Opposition parfy.””X»" tuts students/of politics and govern ment Insist it Is s most healthy sign and that It wtll make for better govern ment In/ihe end. There has been opposition to a great of the Roosevelt policies here- s considerable portion of lt/has been Just silent mumbling “fiBff Austria, a little country, whittled grumbling. Most of them seemed to down by the Versailles treaty, man-7^ afr ai d 0 f the widely-advertised aged by Dollfuss, of size to match, Roosevelt popularity throughout the now la planning ‘‘muzzling” of speech, country. Mr, Roosevelt Is popular, prssa, theater, radio. That kind of/gor- more so, perhaps, than any President we have had la many years, but the Works administration J. has gone out of existence, and this relief organization bedame the works •rnment action leads to revolutl surely as sitting on the safety valve leads to explosion. Men not allowed to talk, print or broadcast will do something worse, and ypu can’t pre vent that. This country showrf an occasional disposition to muzzle something, radio being the object qf a muzzling desire Just now. Radio shonld^be as free as the print ing press. If radio -had existed when .. . , . „ . , _ ^ our Constitution was written, its free- dWBk™ of. tb. Federal Eiaergeac,| dom ^ ^ Relief administration. under mu natie n mn use some 1000000 remaining from Its recent perhai /•of the press was guaranteed, more emphatically. to provide relief for states, which are in turn to pass the money along to cities and counties. For a month district agents havjt been working to perfect the ma< ery for the change. Meanwhile, administration officials made it clear that Industry yras not support so represented does not ap pear to run to all of bis proposals.. It certainly does not apply In favor of all of his subordinates. The “oppo sition” now appears to have found out these facts and they are concentrat ing their attack. ** - I noticed the first signs of it in de- bato In the house sf representatives and In the senate where a desire was, and la, plainly evident to call a halt, New Deal plans are not being swal lowed without mastication any more. trend, however, appears to be in the tesdency of the opposltron to qiWgnou lanks to President Roosevelt, and . . . . ,, . . Ise attitude of employers and ' contlnued enactment of . every kind of /employed, the automobile strike that ] f i ’ 1 would have taken millions a day In 1 wages from the workers Is adjusted. The President has set up a "board of conciliation”; one labor man, one rep- gency needs. ler the guise of emer- Everything up to this of unemployment, absorbing the for mer CWA workers. In a cautiously slow allotment of public works funds was originally responsible for the cre ation of the CWA, said that $1,041, 310,468 of federal projects from the $1,300,825,370 Allotted for such works by the PWAywere now In the construc tion contract stage. Of thin sum, the secretary added, $936,400,490 represented contract awarded. resentatlve of employers, one traL"* ' / The main point Is O El J\ „ EPRESENTATIVES of the flour milling industry decided to op erate without a code of fair competi tion, _ Their rejection of tfro NBA and AAA marks the first refusal of an en tire Industry to« accept the adminis tration’s recovery plans. The decision to go ahead without NRA affiliation came after nearly nine months of fruitless negotiations with the NRA and AAA officials. Government officials were represent ed as considering a legal test if the millers do not reopen negotiations. There was some talk that the millers might be put under a license. The millers, contend that the code offered would have brought ruin to the Industry and would have forced up prices of flour beyond the ability of consumers to pay. C HARLES G. WOOD, federal com missioner of conciliation, . an nounced hfs resignation In a sharply worded letter to Miss Frances Perkins, secretary of labor. Mr. Wood charged Miss Perkins with "having fallen down on her Job,” through a failure to take the lead In reconciling Industrial belligerents. He accused her of having caused Presi dent Roosevelt and General Johnson, national recovery administrator, to "devote precious time to do the work which the congress obligated yob to perform.” i-SKT' Wirt, superintendent of schools at Gary, Ind., that some of President Roosevelt’s advisers wanted -to ieati the government into communism are to be Investigated by a com mittee of the house of representatives Doc tor Wirt will be called before this committee to name the man or men whq toty him that President Roose velt Is merely the "Kerensky of this rev olution” and that the radicals within the Dr * w * w,,, administration are seeking to foster a revolution by prolonging misery and destitution In this country. Republican members of the house were determined that the inquiry will not b* confined to the Wirt allega tions alone, despite an apparent de sire on the part of Damocratic lead ers to narrow the Investigation’s scopei Democratic membari of tbe house were making an effort to confine the Inquiry to the allegatlbns made by the Gary educator alonta Under preasura from Republicans, however, it wan agreed by tbe Democratic leaders that the Been named by Doctor Wirt will have te be called. • towm ».imi that "the decision of the board shall be final and binding on employers and employees” That means compulsory arbitration In place of disastrous strikes And inevitable violence. lit la due to the President for taetfnl management, and Mr. Green, dent of tbe American Federation •f Labor, not boasting of victory, as less sensible men would do. says: "There is no basis for a claim that either side, employers or employees, bas gained a victory over the other." time has been pushed through with a loud cry of '“emergency!” Some- of it, if not most of It, was emergency legis lation.—But now everybody with a pet scheme is rushing In with It as the statement “ emergency ” le S l8,atl ?P‘ iMJlJs an 'new- overworking of that word that has brought about concentration of the op position forces, according to the con sensus that I have been able to gather. From what I have been able to see, it Is a re-enactment of the old story of giving the calf too much rope; It Is choking Itself to death. ' The importfqtce of this ’trend, per haps, Is best pointed out by the fact that there are dozens of units of the New Deal setup that are predicated wholly on the fact that they were pro posed as a part of the general pro gram for recovery. I think none can -doubt that the depression Raft pre sented an emergency Just as great as any arising under, i war. But when Man’s inclination Is to follow the rut Woman craves Independence. Adam would have been satisfied with _______ doing nothing forever. Eve would eat, war was "concluded the emergency tbe apple. Dr. Mary Walker would ^ as over, thea and there, and emer- wear men’s clothes. She once called £ enc y legislation was neither passed on this writer while wearing them, congress nor sustained In courts. Now, (J |ie might possibly conjecture a hit as and the sight was startling, when you see fat ladies waddling in where the emergency ended In the purple combination pajamas and g 6 * t* 1 ® economic structure "pants,” you long for thin Dr. Mary back * prosperous footing, but the Walker, with tight trousers, cutaway new developments certainly show a coat and stovepipe hat The latest cry of independence Is a protest against the hair dressing nui sance. Mrs. Lucy Cotton Thomas, mar ried four times, who knows her mind, announces a "one-woman revolt”; she has shaved her head and will wear considerable number of leaders hi congress and outside who arq unwill ing to have the emergency continue forever. It might be natural to assume that the movement to halt enactment of emergency legislation had developed naturally from the fan that this Is an election year for the 435 members wigs, any color she likes. Says she: "This hair-dressing business has be- j of the house and some 35 members of come a racket They get a woman In, the senate. Political analysts of long give her a shampoo and a wave, and service and able judgment assure me, for the rest of her life she Is their however, that this is not the whole slave." Ordinary crime, and supercrime, which is war, adopt swiftly modern Ideas and Inventions. War seized oa the airplane And poison gases. We might hot yet be flying In earnest had planes not been needed for killing. Dillinger, the bandit now at large, his btfnd broken up, two sentenced te death, a third to life Imprisonment, to said by police to have had bis face “Ufted.- cbanged In rarious ways, by plastic surgery, a mole and a deep scar, taken from his chin. Police show beauty parlor receipted bills found in Dllllinger’a abandoned lodgings. Mussolini held anr election recently, tbe businesslike idea being to let vot ers vote patriotically “In their own time,*’ not Interfering with Work. It was a plebiscite, tbe opinion of tbe people was desired, and Mussolini sim plified matters by writing oat the pro gram as be wanted It, putting no other program on tbe ballot, tip us saving ink and paper. His Judgment was sound. Oct of 10.000.000 votes, he got about 9,900,000. showing “a machine In good working order.” Some dethroned bosses in this coun try, Democrats and Republicans, should sit at tbe feet ef tbe Mus solini Gamalieh for a while. They would learn someth Ing. Dr. Walter Williams, University •( Missouri president bead ef one of the most ably managed schools of Jour nalism, back from a trip around the ♦world, says, "War, anywhere, to a tang way off. No raaponalble statesman of any conntsy want* it and the people •* meat countries are warslck.” 4k Mas MMaramoteat* las- WlfU a»nrtM case. They say that existence of a campaign probably has strengthened the backbone of some of the opposi tion but that the trend more properly represents the divergence of thought in the two schools of students of gov ernment If that be true, as it ap pears to be, then we may expect to see more and more assaults on the Roose- velt position. Every time he slips with an error of Judgment or on bad advice—and he Is human % and those sltron can be counted on to make the most ef It For example, and as Indicating how the lineup Is changing, attention need only be called to the Changing opposition that has Lineuo ' been ® n ®9 nn t®red in ^ v the house on new agricultural legislation. Most of these bills are designed te go further than the program laid dewn In the agricul tural adjustment act, and to use com pulsion where the present New Deal philosophy has been based on volun tary co-operation from AS rlcuI l ur ®i itself. There tre half a dozen or more pieces of legislation, tbe nature of which need not be recounted here, that would give tbe federal government added control ef farmers’ affairs. One of them, for Instance, would give the secretary of agriculture authority to tell a farmer what to do with the land taken out ef production by bis agreement te limit acreage of cotton, •r wheat, or corn, or tobacco. Most observers hero construe that legisla tion aa giving the government absolute lomlnattoa ever the farmer, and I sus pect that moat farmers are not going to atqnd ter that - At any rate, thto mi ether propoaala are moved forward because there hr ’emergency." But I have seen yignf of • reaction among the farmers. They are signs that never fail. Rep- resentatives from agricultural areas have been getting mall from home and there are many of tbe house members who now Insist It 4s time to call a halt .Frankly, I hear frequent sharp declarations that the professors in ths administration have gone far enough. That means votes against the bills. Yet the professors are hard worker* They never cease to turn out new plans, and the proposals continue to flow from the White House te the Capitol—Among the newer projects to - one that proposes to establish a set of goverament banks to aid what the promoters describe as the small busi ness. The plan contemplates creation, of the regional banks much after the manner of the Federal Reserve banka, with the treasury supplying the Ufc- tlatloa capital of. $14io 600,000. • • • Here, again, is an emergency meas ure. It to pointed out, however, that the project Is do ’Banking for signed for perma- Industry ” ency - " l ’' * fore, a move by which the federal government, through a step-child, would be put Into lie business of banking for Industry, and, of course, once that happens, the sys tem will hang on and on. It will hold so much commercial paper, represent ing loans, Ihat there really will be no time when it can qu business. I was talking with known senator about other day,_and be rot and retire froi rather well e plan, the his private H e mig- of the Industrial loan ayst strongly influenced hy- politl being and that this condition surely would lead to the making of loans Improperly secured, loans that no sound bank would dare make. “I win tell you. Just how far tba thing could go,” he added. “It could easily reach the point where, if business man wanted to borrow mocey, he would have to go into the bank oa the arm of an office holder.” And this senator is a Democrat, a member of the senate for years! ’ftfe incident Is related here, however, be cause It shows the line of cleavage that has developed. It demonstrates, Indeed, that no longer Is legislation being put through congress just be cause tbe administration wants it Another piece of legislation that la going to have rough sledding is the Roosevelt tariff adjustment proposal It says on the face of the bill that It la emergency legislation.- Down in the text, however, there Is a provision that any of the international tariff agreements reached under provtsiens of the bill may be renewed and that they will continue. In YOrce as long as one nation or the other, parties to the -accord, do not give-notice of cancel lation. Tbe opposition holds this to be - a proposal for permanent legisla tion under .the guise of emergency/ plans. Some ef the few Republicans left in the senate and house have been chid ing the Democratic leaders about the tariff proposals of the administration because they would delegate the President and the tariff ^ommlsslen more authority to revise rates upward or downward than now exists. The Republicans are recalling to their Democratic friends how the Democrats fought against this idea when It was proposed by President Coolidge and by President Hoover; although neither of those Presidents Included Interna tional agreements with the rate re vision Idea./ Quite a humorous situa tion has developed as a result / • • • • Officials of the Department of Agri culture admit little about reported / criticism •taiey re- / Farmer9 ceive. They con- 1 Object tend that criticism Is to he expected and that, under the AAA plans being oum>7 molded by Administrator Davis, the * organization and rules are 'to he kept flexible. I understand, however, that there Is quite a bit of objection reach- die. department about the neces sity for farmers allowing government agent* to examine their records. The reports I get are to the effect that since most of the facts have to be gathered by county representatives of the Washington government, many farmers do not like’the feea of neigh bors knowing all about their affair*. I have Inquired around to find out whether there is any wqy that such a condition can be corrected and have found no answer, except the state ment* ef the high officials who apgne that there Is little examination neces sary. The condition seems to be one that must be expected if the concerted effort contemplated by the AAA prin ciples of crop control are to be effec tive. The situation Is one that obviously and naturally develops as4bt govern ment wades further and further Into private business. Most persons recall the circumstances that came with th* inauguration of the Income/ tax as a system of raising federal revenues. Business men objected vigorously t* granting government agents the right te dig Into thefy books and recorda bnt their fight was to no avail • Sr W«t«ra N«w*p*P«r Union. . ♦ n