Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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cntorteintd with t (Unctnf p«r- % Nr th« young prop)* Wednesday i inf complimentinf her fUMt, LoIU Belle Judie, of Norway. H. D. Leonard and two daugh- tera, Miss Maude Leonard and Miss Eealyr* Leonard, left Friday for a few 4gy’a visit m Warreovilla and Au> Caata James Nevils is enjoying a fishing trip near Charleston. Miss Helen Weissinger left the early part of the week for a motor trip through Virginia. Mrs. Mary Blume is spending some time in Hendersonville and other Morth Carolina points. Mias Pauline Workman and Miss disabeth Workman, of Wagener, are spending some time with Miss Eva Blame. Mrs. J. H. E. Milhous and Mr. and Mrs. Bechanan, of Drew, Miss., and Mrs. Julia Peterson, of Green wood were visitors here Wednesday. Mr. and Mrs. C. R. Fickling have as their guests Mr. and Mrs. A. Y. Jates and Robert and Billie Corley, of Lakeland, Fla. Miss Lula Mae Sanders, Miss Fran cis Sanders and George Sanders, of Lakeland, Fla., left Sunday evening, after spending some time in Black- ville and other South Carolina points with relatives. Mrs. H/ B. Hair, of Columbia, ia the guest of Mrs. H. D. Still, Sr. R. B. Fickling and daughter, Miss Marjorie Fickling, suffered the loss of several packages from the back of their car while parked for a few minutes in Augusta Wednesday, dur ing a shopping trip. A. H. Ninestein was a business visi tor in St. George Wednesday Seymour Ross carried a carload of meh'Ds to Columbia Thursday. Miss Dorothy Wragg attended a meeting of her Bridge club in Barn well Thursday. Mrs. H. Brown wa* a Charleston visitor one day last week Mrs. Leroy Molair, i/f Barnwell, Mrs. T. L. Wragg and Miaa Dorothy Wragg and Mrs. Belle Andrews were shoppers in Augusts Tuesday Mrs Farrell O'Gorman was aa Au gusts visitor Tuesday Mm. John O'Gormsn entertained the members of the Thursday Bridge dab this week with s party which Ndadod a number of invited gueeU and afforded seven table* of enjoy ment. Mrs. Victor Dorr of Augusts, daughter of the hostess, was The other «it-of-t</wn guoit* were: Mrs. T. A. Phillips. Miss Myra Phillips and Mrs. Gleaton, of Sprtngheld. After four progressions high score was found to be held by Mrs. II. L. Bu st The lucky cut in <wae«»iaUun ws* made by Mrs. W. C. I Bunt A sweet course of cream and •cake was served Mrs. Clara J. Hitt, Mrs L. C. Still, Miss Olivs Baxley and Mrs. W. C. Hoist enjoyed the past week as the guests of Wmthrop college from the Blarhville chapter of Wmthrop Daugh ters. Mr. and Mr*. S. G. Lowe and son, Samuel Lowe, Jr., snd Mrs. T. R. Chisolm left Tuesday morning for Hendersonville, where they will spend their vacation. Mrs. A. L. Chandler, of Waldo, is the guest of her daughter, Mrs. J. R. Boggle. Mis s Louise Chandler, of Columbia, enjoyed the week-end here. Mrs. William Briggs, of Florida, is the guest of Mrs D. K. Briggs. Mr. and Mrs. Lawrence Groves have as their guest, the formers mother, Mrs. Groves, of Columbia. Mrs. R. A. Gyles was a week-end visitor here from the University sum mer school in Columbia. f Miss Lucile Ellis, of Florida, is the guest of Mrs. B. F. Storne. The. condition of Miss Rosa Rich, who is wi the Roper hospital in Char leston, is reported as unchanged, f The evening service at the Baptist church last Sunday was a musical one. The Rev. B. Jiv Duncan, V. L. Nevils, Cassius Hoffman and Claude Rammer jjave the quartette number. Several malections were given in concert by choir. Claude Rammer, James Buist, Cassius Hoffman and George hieCormack gave a quartet nutnber. TTie Rot. Mr. Duncan and V. L. Nevils ling a duet. Mr. and Mrs. Laurie Collins, of Springfield, returned home Sunday af- Xer spending some time with her Mother, Mrs. J. A. Hutto. Hr and Mrs. J A. Hutto sod :hil- and Mrs. Kathryn Collins spent with Mr. and Mrs. Haaamie HaakaU hi Bra Hntto returned home K »MV! The Bell Tov/cr of Bruges, Across a Canal. (Prepared by the National Oeoaraphle Society. Washington. D. C.) B RUGES, quaint old city of Bel gium, where medievalism ling ers, has just opened its annual carillon concert season—con certs that, their admirers are fond of declaring, bring “music from the heav ens.'’ A carillon Is a group of bells attuned to the Intervals of the mus ical scale and usually covering four octaves, hung In a high bell tower. Day In and day out the music Is pro duced by clock work ringers; but In Bruges during the summer carillon season, world famous cnrlllonneurs play by hand and foot, as does a great organist. Bruges, like many nnfamlllar for eign place names, may have an ex otic sound to the American ear. But It has about aa common an origin and Is about as logically descriptive as ’Three Rivera'* or “Smith’s Cross- roada.” Because the town from the beginning had numerous canals sod •tracturea carrying streets across them It wag named (in Flemish) “Bridges.** It la a sort of reversed Venice. Where- aa the latter la an ares of aea with Islands scattered In It. Bruges is a land area cut Into Islands by numer ous rsnsla. In both elites many bouses rise sheer from the water snd boats • re need for traffle. Like Venice again. Rmgea was ones tbs commercial and banking center of the world. This was In the Four teenth century. The center of conv merctal activity had moved from Italy to Flanders, snd Bruges ass then Flanders* greatest market. World trade came up lb* River Zwjn a bleb then gave It a harbor; merchants from ths four quarters of the world maintained head)uartera In the city: and Its bourse regulated the exchange rate for all Europe. Ghent a as a strong rival, but until the Z.wyn finally til ted up In 14U0 Bruges held its own. At ths height of Its power Bruges had a population of JOU.OOO. and ass one of the wealthiest and boslrst cities In Europe. Now the Inhabitants number about 5.001). ^ Trade Ruined by tilt. During Us busiest era, Bruges boast ed headquarters of merchants from seventeen countries. Fabrics aera shipped from Italy and the East, furs from Russia and Bulgaria, metals from Poland and Hungary. Wool, cheese and coal from the British Isles, fruits from Gninada and Egypt, and Arabian spices and Rhenish wine were marketed there. By the end of the fifteenth century the rivers and cannls silted up, trade routes changed, and the merchants forsook Bruges for Antwerp, leaving n city of Old World charm for trav elers to enjoy. Canals which were once crowded with shipping now are clogged with silt, moss and lily pads, and In some parts white swans fearlessly swim about. Bordering quays are bare and silent. Many of the gabled dwellings and warehouses facing the quays, long the meeting places of boisterous sea rovers, are unoccupied. In the doorways of medieval houses old women sit for hours in their pic turesque costumes, making laee. They look as though they had stepped out of a canvas of Jan Van Eyck or Hans Memllc, famous Bruges artists. Some of the brick facades of the medieval homes are hung with large Iron rings, which. In the days when Bruges was famed for Its fetes, were used to hang ropes of flowers from wall to wall. In the streets, huge thick-legged Flemish draft horses draw to market clumsy two-wheeled carts filled with green vegetables from nearby farms. And now and then one sees a dog- drawn milk cart, painted green, rum bling over the clean cobbles. Grand Place, the city square. Is ths bosiest place In Bruges on Sat urdays when the market la ready for business shortly after dawn. City and rural costuawe run the gamut of color and style, with broad flowing skirts and fttaR lace caps doaMnat- the square. During the hectic strug gles of the Flemish people with the Spaniards, the French, and neighbor ing towns, the bells In the Belfry Tower called the burghers to arms. In a room near the top there are numerous rods, pulleys and ropes which are connected with one of the finest carillons in Europe. It has 47 bells. Viewed through a small window In the shaft, Bruges resembles a veritable checkerboard of red gables, pierced here and there by spires, towers and pinnacles. The narrow streets and canals wind in every direction and from this lofty perch the traveler sees Bruges as an Inland Island, for It Is completely surrounded by nat ural streams and man-made canals. Not to be cheated of a port by Na ture's destructive forces, the people of modern Bruges have built several canals to the North Sea. The largest and most direct leads eight miles to Zeebrugge (meaning “ths seaport of Bruges'*). This port and Ita canal and ths basin at Bruges figured promi nently In the World war. The Germans developed a strong U-boat neat at Bruges from which tbelr underwater commerce destroyers went out to sink many an allied ship and to which they returned for repairs and outfitting. When ths war was over a tremend ously strong shelter with a concrete roof six feet thick, built over the wa ter. was left standing near ths Bruges end of ths tea canal, a monument Q> German U boat activities. Tbs British, however, successfully hindered the U host actlvltisa from the Bruges nest by their famous sor tie against the Zeehrugge mol# when an old ship filled with concrete was sunk across tbs entrance to ths canal. Medieval Architecture. Altogether, Bruges Is one of the quaintest of the old Flemish cities snd Is said to preserve In Its archi tecture a mors medieval aspect than any of Its sister municipalities. Promi nent architectural features are ths church of Notre Dame and the Cathe dral of St. Sauveur, both excellent ex amples of early pointed Gothic, and the Market Hall with its dominant belfry. In St. Baslle’s chapel Is kept the Sacred Vial, brought by crusading knights from Jerusalem, reputed to have been the vessel holding the wa ter with which Joseph of Arimathea bathed the bloodstained body of Christ This reliquary Is carried once each year In the procession of the Most Precious Blood. The tapestry manufacturers of Bruges were world famous, and this city has long been noted for its wool en clojhs. The bells of Bruges that are ring ing out the summer concerts are typ ical of those of the other carillons of Belgium and Holland. To attain the range of four octaves, the bell producing (he lowest note must weigh several tons, while the smallest weighs scarcely 20 pounds. The bells are con nected to a keyboard or to a clock work mechanism, which causes their clappers to strike. Producing music from the bells requires great skill and dexterity on the part of the bell- master, for he must use his feet for the larger bells, and the muscles of both his wrist and elbow are brought into play In producing the tremo- lando effect usually given. A fine caril lon is not the result of a chance mould ing of metal, but its making Is aa much an achievement wrought by a wise combination of excellent material and deep thought as a Stradlvarius. Lovers of carillon music compare the tones to those of a pinaforte In del icacy and to an organ in majesty. So closely has the love of bell music grown into the national life of the people of the low countries of Eu rope that It has lured to their shores poets snd writers from other lands. Longfellow and Robert Louis Steven sen paid tributes to tbelr silvery tones, to Victor lingo's Imaginative of Ibo Qariilen of ed at Edgefield Wednesday, July 16. the third speaker Being Senator John F. Williams, of Alkon, who caHed at tention to the fact that he had been in the House and Senate from Aiken County continuously for 22 years, now being chairman of the Judiciary* Com mittee and President Pro-Tem of the Senate and that he has the endorse ment of his county’s Democratic Con vention in this race for Congress. Agrees With Congressman Hare on Two Points. Mr. Harfe had spoken before Mr. Williams, saying he hoped to merit his return to Congress on his record, which he had just recited; and fur ther, that the present situation is not due to any one law. Mr. Williams said that if Mr. Hare’s record showed him abreast with the modern, progressive con- gressman, he should be sent back to Congress; but on the contrary, if it did not, he should be replaced; and if he (Williams) shculd replace him and not keep pace with the progressive Democratic congressmen, he likewise should be replaced. Mr. Williams expressed regret that people in the district do not apparent ly expect much assistance from the office of congressman, whereas at means so much to business, to labor snd to agriculture. He then quoted from a speech delivered by Mr. Hare in Congress, (saying it was informa tion his constituents should hear and rely upon) to the effect that harrows, plows, harness, wagons, mowers, shoes, sewing machines, etc., had in creased from S3 to 86 per cent from 1923 to 1929 over the former period of five years, while the price of the crops the farmer has to soli had in creased only from 2 to S3 percent; that the average fanner with a fami ly of five would pay 9160 to 91.000 per year in tariff duties. Mr. Williams said this was aa astounding confes sion for the congressman to make, but that It waa true and that applied m this locality the figures would bo even worse, for six years ago our cotton sold far above what it sells at now and our truck farm products found no profitable market anywhere this year. District No Btrouger Thaa timgrsoomsa Mr. Williams pointed to Augusta’s great progress in securing approxi mately a million and a half dollars for development of river transportation, which will afford Augusta cheaper rates for shipping; and also to the 967,500 which Georgia got to repair the Ssnd Bar Ferry Bridge, while Charleston had secured harbor im provements and a naval encampment that carried hundreds of thousands of dollars to Charleston. He also pointed out that a fish hatchery had been se cured for Orangeburg and an experi ment station for the adjoining dis trict along with a military camp at Columbia, which brings hundreds of thousands of dollars there. Then he referred to the Florida delegation (ail Democrats) who had secured free poison, government-paid men and government equipment to shoot the fruit fly—all free—“while anyone can stand at one end of the Second Con gressional District and look clear to the other end,” he said, “and see nothing but rotten cucumbers and watermelon? that no market can be found .for on account of the discrim inatory freight rates that operate against the farmers of this district.” Texas and even California, he pointed out, can ship to our markets and com pete with us, and the railroads even demand their freight in advance or a bond for it Mr. Williams declared that there was net a new building in the district —no new post offices nor court build ing*, and added that if it were not for the obliging county efftrials thq Unit ed States Court at AflM would have fee be held owl ia the Mr. Williams expressed surprise that Mr. Aman had not spoken for Parris Island, which he snid had been neglected. While a few dollars are being spent at this, our naval base, for jiaint and repairs, the need for permanent improvements has been repeatedly called to the attention of Congress without, however, the desir ed result. Thfe splendid calibre of the men there stationed and the work that ia going on at Parris Island, Mr. Williams insisted, demand the atten tion that Congress should give in the way of an adequate appropriation. Railroads. Senator Williams called attention to the unfairness of the railroads to the public and insisted that there should have been a fight made on them in Congress. He pledged his 25 years of experience as a lawyer to get a square deal on rates, declaring that the property of the railroads waa not worth more than twelve billions of dollars when the railroads ware turn ed beck to the owners by the govern ment, hut that their value had been placed at eighteen bilUoae aad even after that they had been allowed all expenses and salaries and five and three-quarters percent on aarh invest ment. What fanner. Senator Wil liams asked, had been granted aay such guarantee? femtiag* out that la the past 16 yeara, the corporate wealth of the country had increased S3 14 percent. Mr, Williaasa called attention to the fact that during the same period farm wealth had decreased to about the exteat. He told of having introduced in the State Senate the reaolution to investi gate power rates in Souh Carolina and pointed to ita results ta legisla tion under which hundreds of thous ands of dollars had been saved to com munities with much more yet to be done slong the same lines. Pensions aad Certificates. Congress showed weakness. Mr. Williams declared, when It failed to support the veterans in giving them liberal pensions, for when they went away to the World War the country promised them everything. But they are being too »oon forgotten. “When the mothers of America gave to their country their dearest and best,” Sena tor Williams declared, “the nation assumed the obligation df caring for their sons,” and if elected to Con gress he promised “to fight to carry out their ordeis as faithfully as they fought our fight,” and expressed the hope that in his fight he would be as successful. It was wrong, Mr Williams said, to pay back eighty millions a year to income tax payers, as Congress has done, and to deal with light hand with the nation’s war veterans, re membering that they went to war and fought, in many instances, “for less than the pay of the chauffeurs of these Mig taxpayers who are getting re funds” 1 He would advocate the payment of certificates of adjusted compensation and should he fail in that, he said, a lower iate of interest on their loans woiild be urged, pointing to the 2ft percent Federal Reserve rate to “stock gamblers to wreck, business,” while charging the soldiers 6 percent. “They forgot up in Washington,'* amid Sena tor Williams, “that they said they would let the soldiers run the govern ment” Farm Senator Williams, who ha* a twenty- two year record with not one single vote against labor, said it seemed strange that five millions of men and women are out of employment in the United States today while at the same time six millions of foreign-born are with us who have not even taken the oath of allegiance. These aliens should be naturalized, he said, if they refuse they should bte sent to seek quarters in some other land. At this point the speaker paid a tribute to “those foreigners who come to our country because they had been oppressed in their native lands and who approved of our form of govern ment men and women woh have cast in their lots with us ’and become a part cf us by naturalizing themselves and taking upon themselves the con stitution of our country because they love and cherish it.” Eight-Hour Law. Declaring he stood for a straight e^ht-hour law for textile workers with no reduction of wages, Senator Williams pointed out the necessity of regulating supply and demand, but he said “the custom of the mills to work women and men day and night to make up goods to let labor go on a (Vacation and suffer is wrong.” He mid it operated against the farmer Who U met by the mill with the argu ment that there is no demand for cot ton when day and night work—over^ time—has not only exhausted tha health of the operatives but has creat ed an over-supply of goods and weakened the price of raw cotton. To day, he Mid, the milla are striving to reduce the price of cotton. Rural Route*. “In my county for many yeara w* have given our carrier* aa appropria tion for roads used by them. I in tend to get n special appropriation from Congress for rural routes if I am honored with your vote. It la tha purpose of the law to take op these routes " He ia tended if elected, to carry out the program of the enrrieta, with respect to asuMSttiea, etc. A Friend of firhuote. Sene lor Williams coiled attention to the fact that he had latroduced and passed the seven months guaranteed school term ia South Carol tan, the teacher*' salary act and tha law to grade teacher*, now embodied ta the 6-6-1 school law, and that he amistod in the passage of the compulsory school law and waa three year* ago elected aa honcraiy member of the State Teachers Asoociat ItJlt ftfl * Bitten of this service. Highway Work. Senator Williams spoke of having accepted the first Federal Aid money ta the Sooth on a rood from Barnwell County (ia* to the Edgefield County line and declared in favor of colloct- tag half of the 1928 Federal Aid teat by floods in South Carolina, t amount being 9483,000, declaring ti record showed that Mr. Hare had mxi when considering the matter the •ingle word “No,” when the chairman said to Mr. Hare: “You are not claim ing anything for 1928?” Mr. Hare, Mr. Williams declared, should have answered “Yea” instead of “No,” and he would have gotten it for the rea son that it was due us since the State Highway Engineer had shown that amount to have been the loss. “And”, added Mr Williams, “the Federal Engineer did not deny it.” Mr. Hare Replies. Mr. Hare replies that the eight- hour law should be passed by the General Assembly of South Carolina. He could not get Federal Aid for 1928 flood damage, he said, because it was not the policy of the committee to pay 1928 damages. Mr. Williams Replies. Senator Williams said in reply that some of the Stateg had passed an eight-hour law, but that when this was done the textile mills went o other States with their evil practices, adding that many of the cotton mill executives would join labor in getting an eight-hour law for thenation as a whole because State law discriminated and could not control the situation. * 0