Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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One of Most Important Pre- , yentives of Dread Dis ease of Blackhead. (Prepared by the United State* Department of Agriculture.) Success In turkey raising is largely a question of proper management, says the United States Department of Agriculture. The fundamental factors essential to success are described by Dr. M. A. Juil and A. R. Lee of the bureau of animal industry in Farm ers’ Bulletin 1409-F, just published by the department. First Aim of Raiser. Avoidance cf parasites and preven tion of disease should be the first aim I of every turkey raiser, these special ists say. Of the Infectious diseases common to turkeys, blackhead is the most destructive, but it can be con trolled by proper sanitation. Black -head occasionally affects adult turk eys, but It occurs principally among young turkeys between the ages of 0 weeks and 4 months. Keeping the quarters strictly sanitary and burning' all dead birds will help prevent spread | of the disease. f* It Is of more importance, however, to adopt measures that will prevent i the introduction of blackhead Into the 1 flock. One of the most Important pre ventive measures Is the keeping of the poults on clean ground not occu pied by chickens because chickens often carry the host of the blackhead ! organism. Pigeons, sparrows and otb- i era birds or animals should also be kept from the turkey houses or yards 1 for the same reason. Suitable Turkey Breeds. In this new publication the poultry specialists describe the various breeds or varieties of turkeys suitable for the | different sections of the United States, Also they discuss the approved man agement practices' and the preparation of the birds for market. Copies of the bulletin may be ob tained free as long as the supply lasts by writing to the United States De partment of Agriculture, Washington. Many Flocks Are Kept in Very Small Houses Many Kansas flocks are kept to houses too small to make possible the best results from the hens. For light breeds the house should afford 3tt square feet of floor area for each bird. The heavy breeds should not have less than 4 square feet Only sufficient height to furnish head room for the attendant Is needed in the poultry house. Many poultry houses have been built unnecessarily high, at ex tra cost and resulting In a less com fortable shelter. For economical construction that will meet the essential requirements for profitable poultry and egg produc tion. the straw loft type of poultry house is ro< ommended to meet Kansas climatic conditions.—Walter f». Ward, Extension Architect, Kansas State Ag ricultural College. Disease Will Respond in Same Manner as With Copper Carbonate. ■ —— , i ii Indications are that the smut dis ease of oats will also respond to dust treatments in the same manner that treatment with copper chrboqate dust is now satisfactorily controlling smut in wheat Two Control Dusts. “There are two dusts which give promise of controlling oat smut whei applied to the seed before plant! says G. W. Funt, plant patholo^t at the North Carolina state college. “One of these is a compound containing mer cury in organic combination and the other is a fine clpv/which has been impregnated with/forinaldehyde. As well known, w^have used a formal dehyde solution to control oat smut heretofore/^This is not so simple a treatment as It might appear because undpr some conditions the gerrolna- tpah of the seed oats Is reduced and he grains may swell because of ab sorbing moisture from the disinfec- tant.** Mr. Fant says there was much ont smut this past spring. Fields In whigh about one-half of the beads were affected were found frequently and in some instances fully 80 per cent of the heada In a field were found to be Infected. Tbit la a seri ous loss. During the spring months the amnt spores pass from these In fected heads to the healthy grain and remain there during storage and through planting time. When the grain Is planted, the smut spores grow and Infect the seedling grain which eventu ally produces diseased grain. By treating the seed oats before planting, the smut spores are destroyed and healthy plants produced. Receiving Attention. These new dust treatments for oats are receiving careful attention In all parts of the United States. Mr. Fant says that several successful farmers have used them daring the past two neosons with encouraging results. He thinks that the same barrel used to treat seed wheat with copper carbon ate dust may be used In treating oat seed with the new dusts. §11; r* Covers for Bee Hives Big Need Effort of Insects to Ki Warm Is Cause Weak Colonh The effect of bees/to keep warm in a. cold hive din*irfg the winter is largely responsible for weak colonies in the sprin&'when there is work to be done, savfrB. A. Slocum of the New York State College of Agriculture. Bess Form a Cluster, hen the hive temperature falls below 57 degrees the bees form a cluster in the shape of a hollow ball and the bees on the Inside vibrate their wings to generate heat. This continual motion wears the bees out and they become old prematurely; If ' the hive Is too cold they may die of overwork before spring. Since bees do not hibernate, and since their body temperature is the same as the air surrounding them, their owners must help the bees to keep warm without working them selves Into old age, or even to death, needlessly. Wood or tar paper packing cases with four inches of Insulation for the bottom, six Inches for the sides and eight inches for the top will hold the heat In the hive. Clover chaff, planer shavings, sawdust, powdered cork, or dry forett leave* may be need for j t .ppe.r, t h*t more jrain to being Insulation. A .lot. one-half Inch wide Unted thtn in ye .„. From and five Inches long, should be left for ... . ... entrance and ventilation. ^ I P ut «P«>ence with amut m oat. Windbreak la Halpful. I farmers do not plant until seed But after the bees are packed lo have been treated. The County Agent cases s windbreak will save much loss has urged all farmers to treat seed. In temperature. The eouth side of a indications are that nearly all seed i W11 u *>«*• not 1,0 rauch fop th « 8an - have been treated, certainly the larg- light ai for freedom from cold north . . .... ... .... est percentage that has ever been. Farmers are taking more interest in thdir hogs. There should be at least two oars of demonstration fed hogs for sale in the spring if plans are carried out. More than 150 head . ' i ' 1 i f r i I Hm • iHH < 11 . S r Sr*/. f Acting as the representative of President Hoover, Brig. Gen. Hugh A. Drum, first division army chief, placing a laurel wreath on the grave of the late President Theodore Roosevelt, as the nation paid solemn tribute to the great American. BARNWELL, fll C MONEY TO LOAN Loam made sam application received* No Red Tape HARLEY A BLATT. Attomeys-at-Law BamwelL S. C. INSURANCE FIRE WINDSTORM PUBLIC UABILITY ACCIDENT - HEALTH 1 SURETY BONDS AUTOMOBILE < 'THEFT C&Ihoan and Co. P. A. PUCK Manager. Interesting Farm Facta. Spreading Fertilizer on Snow Good Practice Manure is too valuable to waste in any way. A manure spreader is one of the most profitable pieces of equip ment that a farmer can have, and with It manure can be spread rapidly and uniformly so that the greatest good is gotten from It. Haul and spread ma nure whenever possitde during the winter. Keep the spreader close to the barn so that when the stalks are clean the manure can be thrown dl- rprtiy into it. b^pFpnoinjx tnp TPrtilizor on the soil before snow or in between storms is good practice. The rainfall going through the manure will leach out much of Us value and carry it spread In the winter time has a chance to rot before It is turned under the soil in the spring. oooooooooooooooooooooooooo Agricultural'Hints " l ... . oooooooooooooooooooooooooo ' A well balanced and complete ra- i tion is a necessity In growing chick ens. a a a A small potato in a good hill is , just as good for seed as the large ones. Tennessee Says Fanners Can Go Broke Fanning The division of extension of the University of Tennessee has recently released ten points telling how farm ers can go broke farming. Farmers, will be Interested in these points In order that they may avoid the conse quences. Here they are: 1. Grow only one crop. 2. Keep no live stock. 3. Regard chickens and a garden ns nuisances. 4. Take everything from the soil and return nothing. 5. Don’t stop gullies or grow cover crops—let top soil wash away, then you will have “bottom land.” d. Don't plan your farm operations —it’s hard work thinking—trust to luck. \ 7. Regard your woodland ns you would a coal mlne<«cut every tree, sell the timber and wear the cleared land outjMilttvatlng it in corn. 8. Hold fast to the idea that the methods of farming employed by your grandfather are good enough. 9. Be independent—don’t join your neighbors in any form of co-operation. 10. Mortgage your farm for every dollar It will stand to buy things you w'ould have the cash to buy if you followed a good system of farming.- Save Valuable Manure With a Shallow Basin In manure fermentation all of the urine nitrogen la changed to ammonia « . 0 . j * * j ^. .. « _ uml at I he same time much crtonlfc h » v * be * n h,t * d t0 fe *» w,th ,h * Cou,, - and organic acids are formed which *>’ “Kent. unite with the ammonia and form From the 5-acre Cotton Contest salts. In this form, as long as the fteld§ we that intelligence counts manure Is kept well p.cked and moist j , cotton ander wwU f0B . none of this nitrogen Is lost, but re- , * . .. . . mains to solution In the manure. Of d,tlons - ° ne f* rmer in ^ e con es course, If the heap la subject to letch- Panted cotton over May 7th, {ertilised five acres. He states that all of hit will be planted close next year.—Pre pared by H. G. Boylston, County Agt. Efficient feeding, proper care, and culling of unprofitable cows as prac ticed in cow testing associations is raising the averages of butter fat pro duction. • • Lime should be applied to the gar. den soil, since few vegetables pro duce good crops on add soli. Appli cation may be made Just after the garden has bean plowed. i. m. co. < & c LONG TERM MONEY to LEND 6 per cent interest on Urge amounts] Private funds for small loans. lug there will be I from this | with 600 lbs. cotton seed meal mix- source. A very good plan followed by some Is to build the manure heap on a concrete base so shaped to prevent any loss of liquid. A sort of a shal low basin shaped affair has proved very satisfactory. When this fermented manure Is hauled to the field during the warm, breer.y days of spring there Is a very rapid loss of Its nitrogen ns ammonia. In a couple of days, with conditions just right. It is possible to lose over half of the nitrogen from the liquid manure, and If allowed to dry out for it week or ten days, practically all of It may be lost, leaving only the Insolu ble nitrogen that was in the dung and which will give practically no returns on the Immediate crop. ture, analysing 8-4-4, per acre. Roars 36-in. chopped close in drill and 105 lbs. nitrate applied per acre. He Ii making nearly 3000 lbs. lint on th< BROWN A BUSH BARNWBLL SOUTH CAROLINA. Fresh Air Movement of Benefit to Seed Com Seeff corn should be kept where right Into th« soil. Strawy irmnwrg [ ther< . good movemenno TBir the products thrown off by respiration may be readily moved away from the corn, or. there may be a loss of via. Building Soil Fertility Year by Year Is Best t There is a vast difference between building up a soil In fertility to grow all kinds of crops for many years, and applying a small nmount of fertiliser each year for a special crop. In the first case the land can be brought up to a higher and higher productive ca pacity year by year as the system is continued; wiiile in the other case the fertility applied is practically exhaust ed each year, and after one crop is grown the land is no better than be fore the fertilizer was applied. With proper management the cost Is about the same in each case, but one may show a large profit and the other may not. Agricultural Hints bility. After the corn has become thoroughly dried out, respiration be comes lowered and ventilation is not so important, nor will materials put on the corn prove so injurious, but even then it is best to apply nothing to the corn. Perhaps" you can arrange to hang the corn on wires so the mice cannot reach it. i Cabbage* plants started in February i will be less likely to produce seed stalks than those started In January. • • • Self-feeding gives larger gains than hand feeding under most conditions, j This applies to all the'feed as well as tankage. * • * One of the essentials of & good silo Is an Impervious wall, one which will ’ exclude air and retain the moisture in the silage. • • • There are Hessian fly adults laying eggs on the volunteer wheat If you have any volunteer wheat on jour farm it should be destroyed. Advertb# to Ifct Inspect Equipment to Order Needed Repairs It is a good idea for farmers to look over their machinery in ample time to place orders for repairs. The farm equipment industries prepare, during the winter, for furnishing repair parts and they can serve agriculture to good advantage, if the repair part orders are sent in early. One cannot wait until the day he begins to use a machine and expect the imple ment Industry always to be in posi tion to supply him with repair parts. Very often expensixe delays are brought about due to late orders for repairs. TRY A BUSINESS BUILDER FOR SATISFACTORY RESULTS. Onions require cool, dry storage. . * a i . • • x Many dairymen grow potatoes as a cash crop. *. see The main purpose of cultivation of growing crops is weed destruction. • • * Dairymen are always looking for something that, pays well for the do ing • • * The hotbed and coldfrarne sash should he repaired and the frames put In condition for use. • * # Though ground from solid rock, ce ment is actually finer than the flour you buy from the grocer. —~ * » • According to agricultural college figures, farm buildings should be re painted every three and one-half years. • • • Potatoes should be handled as gen tly at possible during digging and storing to avoid bruising and tearing the skint. _ TRY A BUSINESS BUILDER easy; Wl™, ESSO—the Giant Power Fuel —there is no bearing down on the accelerator when you point the car up the hill and give her the gun. Just a feather touch— and it is away. No anxious waiting for the first "ping ping" of a laboring motor— not with ESSO in your tank. Up and over.' They all make it. Little cars. Big cars. Roadsters and se dans. Carbon crusted cars as well. Up with never a knock to die top of the hill. Because ESSO ii genu- inely anti-knock. Packed full of power reserves. It costs a few cents more per gallon, but it is well worth the premium— every cent. THE iffl STANDARD-OIL COMPANY.O