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IEACiNGAUL AGED PATHNRS, AND. MOTH fR8 ATTEND NUMERfO'08 NIGHT 4CHOOL IN STATE DISPATCHES FROM COLUMBIA Doings and Happenings That Marfr the Progress of South Carolina Peo. pie, Gathered Around the State Capitol. Columbia. "I feel like I wuz goin' to new groun', 'thout no tools!" was the way -one South Carolina fa'rmer expressed his sensation on accepting an invita tioJ to becoine a pupil in one of the adult night schools in this State, which -are giving new hope and life to thou. sands of mature men and women many of them parents and grand parents-who never had the opportu nity In youth to go to school. In a remarkably short time this same man won a prize in his class. This was one of the incidents which -came to light on the occasion of the round-table talk instituted by W. K. Tate, former supervisor of elementary rural schools in this state, at a meet ing of the elementary teachers in Co lumbia recently. Ii) one county there was something lIke 44 of these schools, with 2,000 pupils enrolled-2,000 grown-up men and women going to school three nights in each week. The testimony of the teachers of these adult night schools is that many more men than women attend. This at first was surprising; but when the cause was investigated, it was learned that in nearly all of these families there are children, most of them 'pupils of the day school. It was not practical for both mother and father to leave home at night-one had to stay with the children, and since it was keenly realized that education in variably meant better pay, the wife stayed at home and let the husband go to school. In some cases, they took it turn-about, the husband going half the term and then staying at home with the little ones, so that the wife might -attend during the remainder of the term. Manning Enjoys First Vacation. Gov. Manning has returned to Co lumblU utter spending several days at St. Augustine. This was his first va cation since entering the governor's office. Immediately upon his return he be gan work on signing the 5,000 state * bonds. He has already' placed his ,signature on 1,600 of the bonds and expects to com lete the task before the end of the week. Because of the press of official busi ness, Gov. Manning was forced to de cline an invitation to attend a school rally at Hampton. ie also declined an invitation to speak at a meeting of the Churchman's club at Charleston. Announcement was made that the governor has sIgned the act of the last general assembly which provides for the majority rule in~ the Spartan *burg city 'council. There are three members of council and under the 'old law a unallimous vote was neces sary for a decision on all matters. * More insurance Companies Quit.. *'our fire insurance companies, three foreign anid one American, ordered withdrawal from the state on account of t~e provisions of the Laney-Odom anti-compact law, which went into ef fect a few days ago. The names of all companies th'at have definitely with drawn will hardly be available before April 1, when. companies must again be licensed. The companies withdrawing were: The Nationale, Phenix and Union, all of Paris, and the Rhode Island of Providence. J. Arthur Banks of St. Matthews, state senator from Calhoun county, who has been closely, aligned with John L. McLaurin in the development of the state warechouse system andl has been in touch with him during the insurance turmoil consequent upon01 the passage of the anti-compact bill, issued a statement "calling upon th~e .people to. rally to the sovereignty of the state." Senator Banks also takes the posi tion that if necessary the state itself should protect the interests of tihe rpoperty holdera of South Carolina in this crisis. cofnending the emer gency suggestion of Senator McTaurin along this line. A firm and determin ed stand by the people in tihe face of "the flood of misinformation" being Ne okand elsewhere in the North, is the keynote 'of his apkeal. 'Tax Public Service Plant., Members of the South Carolina tax . comjnission have begun a long session in Columbia. according to A. W. Jones, chairman. Railways, posfe' plante, electric railways, telephone and tele graph companies will be aiUsgsed' for -the corporation license tax &i~d the ad 19tren. tax. Gov.:Manning has'not y'tapptointed the board of review for uetcommisasion. One. mnber is nt 13from oegh dge I 6hoo Aid 1(mnd Not Suffiolent. The state department of education s8 -just completed the examination, approval and payment of the rural g9aded school aid appropriated by the legislature. The item in the appropri ation bill carried $120,000 for consoli dated and graded schools in Country districts. Schools with an enrollment of 60 pupils, an average attendance of 30, a term of six months, two teach ers, a four mill tax, a two room build ing and the minimum equipment p'e scribed by the state board of educa tion, received $200; schools with * an enrollment of 75 puplls, an average of attendance of 40, a term of seven .months, three teachers, a four mill tax, a term of seven months, three tax, a three-room building and the min .imum equipment prescribed by the state board of education received $300. The standard prescribed in the law requires one teacher, for each 25 chil dren. This is exceedingly low, but it was adopted in .1912 In the hope that A larger number of the country dis tricts might be hiduced to improve conditions. This hope of the law .makers has been fully realized. The Appropriation has steadily risen year .by year from $15,PO to $120,900. The number of state aided schools has in creased from 58 to 559. For the scholastic year 1914-16 the rural graded schools numbered 400; for the scholastic year 1915-16 they show a net increase of 159. This un precedented growth of nearly, 40 per cent is an index to the rural school development of'the state. Sup't. J. E. -Swearingen,. in commenting on the figures said that he confidently expect ed eight or ten belated applications which have been reported, but have not yet been filed. "To meet the excessive demands, the state superintendent was compelled to use $12,000 from the contingent fund," Mr. Swearingen said. "This course was followed because districts voting a four mill tax and trying to run six or seven months ought not to be de prived of state aid after trustees have made their. contracts on this basis. .1 hope that the time may soon come when the patrons of every school will vote a local tax for their district and run a term of not less than seven months. "If this deficiency had not been made up out of the contifigent fund 53 schools would have been compelled to close prematurely. The legislatire must either Increase the appropriation or raise the requirements for state aid. Practically one-third of the school districts of the state have re ceived improved facilities through the law, "This gratifying growth ought not to be checked. An intelligent rural population can not be trained in schools rinning less than seven months. , At least 800 districts are preparing to qualify for rural graded school aid during 1916-17. To meet the demand. an appropriation of not less than $175,000 will be necessary." The figures by counties follow, the number of schools affected being given and the total amount allowed the county: Abbevi lie, 2 schools, $600; Aiken 6, $1,600; Anderson 33, $8,000; Bamberg 4, $800; Barnwell 8, $1,800; Berkiey 6, $1,300; Calhoun -4, $1,000; Cherokee 9, $2,100; Chester 5, $1,300; Chester field 14, $3,300; Clarendon 11, $2,600; Colleton 13, $3,100; Darlington 19, $5,040; Dillon 17, $4,000; Dorchester 7, $1,600; Edgefld 8, $1.900; Fair field 1, $200; Florence 23, $6,100; Georgetown 3, $800; Greenville 53, $12,600; Greenwood 7, $1,500; Hamp ton 8, $1,800; Horry 23. $5,300; Jasper 2, $500; Kershawv 14, $2,900; Lancaster 24, $5,400; Laurens 26, $6,100; Lee 8, $2,000; Lexington 8, $1,900; Marion, 10, $2,000; Marlboro 77, $1,700; New berry 8, $1,900; Oconeo 21. $5,100; Orangeburg 21, $5,500; Pickens 18, $4,200; Richland 9, $2,300; Saluda 18, $3,800; Spartanburg 34, $7,900; Sum ter 7, $1,700; Union 6, $1,600; Wil liamsburg 16, $3,700; York 18, $4,200. Governor Manning Names Delegates, Gov. Manning has appointed the followin'g delegates to attend the fifth session of the Southern Sociological -Gongress, New Orleans, April 12-16: D. E. Camak, Spartanburg; R. E. King, Charleston; Paul HI. McMillan, Charleston; M. L. Carlisle, Greenville; George B. Cromer. Newberry; Mrs. Rufus Fant. Anderson; K. F. Finlay, Columbia; 3. H. Harms, Newberry; A. T. Jamison. Greenwood; J. A. Mc Cullough, Greenville; Josiah Mosre, Columbia; George W. Quick, Green ville; Gustaf Sylvan, Columbia; D. H. D~ouglas. Clinton; EO. M. Poteat, Green ville; Jqlhn TE. White, Anderson; Wil l1am Keyscerling. S't. Helena Island; Miss E0. E0. McClintock, Columbia; HI. N. Snyder, Spartanburg; Mrs. John Gary Evans. Spartanburg; Frank Evans, Spartanburg; D. D. Wallace, Spartaniburg. Secretary issues New Charters, The Middleton Compress and Ware house Company of Charleston has beeni commissioned by the secretary of state with a capital of $100.000. The petitioners are: F. H. Horlbeckt and J. J. Pringle. ' The Finnl Jeweclry store of Walter boro has been commissioned with a capital 9f $500. The petitioners are S. Finn and( C. Hi. Koger. The Washington Real Estate Cor poration of Charleston has been com missioned. with a capital of, $500. The otitioners are T. Moultie Mordecal and ( harles L,. Pearlstine. The. Bank of Saluda has been char tered with a capital of $25,000. The offic ers. are: B. W. Crouch. president: .M%. .A. Coleman, vice president; W. A. .'Citoaich; secretary, and J. P. Lindler, PLAN FOR FIRE JNSURANCE Rook Hill Citizens Decide, to Form -a Local Company-Will Apply for Charter At Once. Rock Hill.-A number of business men and farmers of York county are undertaking to solve the fire insurance problem as far as it concerns the peo pie of Rock Hill and section. A con ference of these citizens was held a few days ago at which it was determin ed to organize a fire insurance com pany to do a local business, the coni pany to be capitalized at $100,000. It is understood that s'atisfactory ar rangements have already been made to reinsure a large part of the risks which the company will write, so that the matter of the security of the busi .ness which will be done by this com Pany is settled from the beginning. Among the well-known citizens of this city and section who are inter ested in the organization of the com pany are T. L. Johnston, president of the Peoples National Bank; Sidjney Freidheim of the large mercantile firm of A. Freidheim & Brother; C. W. F. Spencer, attorney; J. H. Steele, D(. B. Williams, J. A. Williford, J. S. Glascock, C. D. Reid, R. L. Sturgis, D. P. Leslie, A. G. Westbrook, farmers and business men of the county; J. B. Johnson, merchant and president of the Peoples Trust Company; R. M. London, merchant and printer; Prof. E. W. Hall, educa-tor; C. L. Cobb, cashier Peoples National bank; Rich ard T. Fewell, manager Insurance de partment Peoples Trust Company. The company will apply to the sec retary of state at once for a charter, and when this is granted the details of organization will have attentior Organize Poultry Association Rock Hill-At the annual meeting of the Poultry Producers' association of this county, an organiratlon com posed of poultrymen and chicken fan ciers, P. B. Parks, superintendent of the Aragon cotton mills, was elected president. Prof. C. C. Clevelind of Winthrop college, was elected vice president and Prof. W. R. Whitfield of the same institution was elected sec retary.. The treasurer is J. S. Comer and the executive committee is com posed of W. G. Duncan, Prof. E. W. Hall and W. L. Poag. The association is planning to hold its second annual poultry show next fall and expects to make it the largest and best poultry exhibit ever seen here. Invite Wilson to Columbia. Columbia-Should President Wilson accept an invitation to come to Char lotte May 20 for the Mecklenburg cel ebration, it is probable that he wil continue his travels to Columbia t< speak before the South Carolina Pres1 Associatioii. Telegraphic communica tions have been directed by the Colum bia chamber of commerce to United States Senator E. D. Smith and Con gressman A. F. Lever to prevail upon the president to include Columbia it the itinerary of his southern trip. Colored College Dormitory Burns, Orangeburg.--Fir-e destroyed the girls' dormitory of the State Colored College here, entailing a loss of more than $20,000 and causing the injury of several of the inmates, who were forc ed to lea-p from second story windows. The loss is partially covered by insur anice. The fire was discovered about 1 o'clock, while the whole college com munity was asleep. Though the alarm was promtply given many of the 400 girls in the dormitory were cut off from the ,stairs and fire escapes and were forced to jump. Several of them wvere more or less injured, two of them suffering broken legs. All the injurec' are expected to recover. Big Fire at Spartanburg. Spartanburg.-Joseph W. Nesbitt, of Reidville lost by fie a marun, nine mules, one horse, five wagons, several hundred bushels of corn, with fodder and hay and much farm machinery, The total loss is approximately $10,000 while the insurance carried was only $1,500. The fire was discovered after one o'clock in ,the morning. The orn. gin of the fire'is unknown. Constables WIthdrawn. Charleston.-Sta.te constables hand, ling the liquor situation in Charles. ton since the middle of May, 1916 have been temp~orarily withdawn from act. ivity, especially about express offices, union station and waterfronit terminals and may be lpermlanently withdrawnm from Charleston. SOUTH CAROLiNA NEWS ITEMS, Greenwood will soon have a new grammar school building. The con. tract has been let feor $22,000. Columbia sent a number' of firemen and fire-fighting apparatus to Augusta to help fight the big fire. A number of volunteers also went on the special train. The plant of the Car-olinza Cotton Mills company which has been in tihe hands of a receiver for years was sold at auction at Groeenville for $204, 500 to A. C. Furman, r' stock broker. M. M. Mann of St. Matthews, clerk of the senate, was in Columbia recent ly relat-ive to the issuance of the M'en. ate journal in permanent form within the next few weekds. "Copy" is now in the hands of printers, and the work is to be completed with dispatch. The Inter-borough Power companay of Spartanburg, with a capital stock of $100,000, has been commissioned by the secretary of htate. The comnan'y is formed for the development of 11111's shoals 'in Tyger river 16 mies south of Spar'tanburg, where there is said to be a pissible developmnent of 3,000 horuenowae. -'Of BARN FOR STOCKo BASEMENT STABLE Type of Construction That Ap peals to the Farmer Who Is Up to Date. WELL VENTILATED-AND DRY Concrete Foundation One of the Most important Items-Designed With a View to Save Labor in Keep Ing it Clean and Sani tary. By WILLIAM A. RADFORD. Mr. William A. itadford will answer uestions and give advice FREIC 01 _OST on all subjects pertaining to the subject of building work on the farn, for the readers of this paper. On account of his wide experience as Editor, Author and Manufacturer, he is, without doubt, the highest authority on all these subjects. Address all inquiries to William A. Rad ford, No. 18'N Prairie avenue. Chicago, Ill., and only inclose two-cent stamp for reply. The name basement stable formerly meant a bank barn built back into a side hill. Such a type of construction is becoming obsolete at the present time. There are many barns built in to side hills, but the hill is excavated away from the side of the barn and the entrance to the mow is over a bridge. There was a particular reason for building barns of this type a few years ago. All farmers thought it was necessary to do their threshing in doors. While threshing indoors has several advantages, it is poor economy to provide a large threshing* floor to be used about a week during the year and then leave this space vacant the rest of the year. This wasting or 1 - -I TA1E --A 5~T1 IA HoPs1 ST LLS _ MANGER spaee has been eliminated to a-large extent in most parts of the country, but here and there you will still find such an arrangement in use. If the threshing floor is to be pro vided in this way the entrance should be on a bridge, so that the earth is not against th~e side of the barn. It is impossible to have a dIry, sanitary barn under these conditions. One of the reasons for building in this way was to keel) the harn warm. While this may be accomplished to a mnore or less extent, the sacrifice of sanitary conditions and dryness do not mlake it worth while. The solidi concrete basemnent, ex p)osed on all sides to the air anid hav ing plenty of windows so that the in terior of the barn will be bright andi chleerful, is a great improvemnent over the old-fashioned bank barn. In adldi tion to its sanitary features it is much warmer than the older typo and it can be kept dry and ventilated with a good air supply. Concrete for foundations for all kinds of buildings is onse of the most important uses of this material. WVhen extendled above grade as in this case, the lower part of the walls can be easily kept clean, and as the lower part of the walls is more likely to be dirty than any other, the importance of concrete from a sanitary standpoint is seen. The value of concrete for all kinds of foundations is shown in the fact that almost all buildings of any kind now are set on concrete where a few years ago various other materials were used with varying degrees of success. \Vith the floor in this barn built of the same material, the joint between the floor and the wall Is made very tight, so that there is no opportunity for vermin of any kind to get in. The walls and the floors can be washed: .lown with a hose at the same time ashinh reducesa theamount. o., l.ab. that is needed to-kwp # barn in ' I cleap and sanitary condition. The upper part of th4i barn is of frame construction, and the roof cov ering it is of the gambrel type, sup ported by trusses. This type of roof is becoming almost universal because of the fact that the entire upper part of the barn is not obstructed by any columns or pillars. A modern ventilating system is in stalled with intakes at the upper part of the concrete wall and outtakes through the ventilators shown on the root. The silo is built at one corner of the barn and is of the monolithic con crete type. It is large enough so that plenty of silage can be kept to feed all the dairy. cows and other stock in the building. It is very important that dairy cows especially have silage so that they will keep on giving a good supply of milk during the months,_ when the price of milk is high. If a farmer expects to add to his herd he should make provision for all the cows that he will be likely to feed in the future, and build his silo to accommo date them. It is better to waste some silage than to run out when it is need ed the most. Care must be oxercised to keep the silage from spoiling, by removing enough each day. The cows are faced out in this plan, so that all the cleaning Is concen trated in one alley. Many dairymen consider this arrangement the best, but many others prefer to concentrate the feeding in one alley. In the latter case the cows are, of course, faced (in. A little more than half this barn is devoted to a dairy, but one end is separated from this part and contains horse stalls. The horse stalls are cut off from the rest of the barn by a heavy partition and double doors across the litter alley, also single doors across the two feed alleys. The doors can be swung out of the way. so that the feed carriers and litter carriers can be run through to this part of the stable. With room provided for 8 horses and 16 cows this plan presents a good . .C.......AC FtrD AllE~ry NANiGE2 f (AlRLR_ QTECAR TRA. - tANGEl2. general arrangement for the average farmer whlo is considering a comnbina tion barn for his farm. China Herself Again. New decorations to conmmemnoratte the inauguration of the new empire will be issuedl to officials on the Ta liuang-Ti's formal accession to the throne. The state department has decided that there should be two kinds of deocorations: one of gold and the other of silver. Both series~ o1 decorations wvill be in the form of a fuill moon, and the figure of a dragon will be stamped on the rim, while the dlivine face of the Ta Iluang-Ti in his mieni and liu will form the en. tral figure of the decoration. The ribbon attached to the gold deccora. tion' will be of yellow satin and em. broidered with figures of yellow dragons. The name attached to the silver decoration will b~e of plain yet low satin. The diesigns have been de cided upon by the state departmeni and brought to the holy notice of the Ta Huang-Ti for his divine approval -Peking Gazette. Spain's Coai Purchase Big. The iprinclpal Spanish Dorts al! which coal is received are Barcelona Bilbao, Huelva, Seville, Valencia, All. cante, Santander, Malaga, Alnmerla Cartagena. Cadiz, Coruna andi Vigo The province of Catalonia andi espe cily the city of Catalonia are larg est consumers of impo-ted coal. Is 1914, 807,914 tons of foreign coal were receivedl in the port of Barcelona anm! 201,812 tons of domestic coal. San tandler receives under normal circumi stances more than 180,000 tone oi English coal annually. The consump tion of Einglish coal in Blilboa In 1914 amounted to 6('8,307 tons and of do mestic coal 329,125 tons, most o Swhich came from the taines of At turias and Leon.-Consular Report. How., METIHE., Canried Safely of Lfte by LdE Vegetable Cop NashvIlle,Tenn.-"When I through the Change of Ufe Itf mor..as Wea childti . three yests and gave me2 cifie' for it ' was called' from the' some if. ourseIcol go tohim tew mysister-in.d rwthat she th ""j. Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable pound would cure It. It helped the Change of Life and the tumad when I got home I did not need thototor. I took the Pinkham remedies unktil the 1. jr was gone, the doctor sa1it,'d I4 b. ,e not felt it since. I tell every one how I was cured. If this letter help others you are welcome to use it. -Mrs. E. H1. BmAN, 525 Joseph Avenue, " Nashville, Tenn. Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Com pound, a pure remedy containing the extractive properties of good old fash-" Ioned roots and herbs, meets -the needs . of woman's system at this critical Periio of her life. Try it. If there i any symptom In your case which puzzles you, write to the Lydia E. Pinkham Medicine Co., Lynn, Mass. TRY THE OLD RELIABLE , 1INTE.RSM Itig CHILLTONIC For MALARIA *3"W-1-?* A FINE GENERALs STRENGTHENING TONIC AWCN-rH-lustrs wanted for quick sei hoti"eitold specie Itiea' samples furnished, J. I.. liorenimn.nixos,li Church, Fortvallty.oa. W. N. U., CHARLOTTE, NO. 14--1916. TOO SEVERE A PUNISHMENT Tramp Objected to So Long a Sojourn In a Town That Shall Re main Nameless. A certain town-not the one you live in, dear reader, but it's nearest and dearest rival-was noted for being dead slow. There was no amusement in the place, not even so much as a moving-picture show, and everybody went to bed at nine o'clock every night because there was no other place to go. One lay a tramp was caught beg ging In the streets of this town and was promptly arrested and arraigned before Ihe justice of the peace. After hearing tihe evidence the inag istrate put on his sternest look and said: "It appears from the testimony presented here that you are a vagrant without visible means of support. In order that you may not become a charge upon tile taxpayers of a re spectable community I sentence you to leave this towvn in three hours." "Aw Judge," pleaded the tramp, with a look of abject terror on his face, "have a heart, won't yer? I didn't do nuthin' but ask a guy for a nlickel. Please don't make me stay in dis burg all dat time. Make it three minlutesi, Judge, can't yer?". Ornithologist's Blrdhouaja. Harris M. Benedict, the protector eo't wild birds, has recently patented a birdhouse made of fire clay fashioned . lInto pitscer shape with the surfge made to simulate bark. It has a lid that overhangs the entrance and pre vents it from being flooded in a storma, aind through tils the bird lover mnay watch tile progress of his tiny charges. Ever Eat Grape-Nuts? ' There's a vast army of physical and mental workers who do. One reason-its deli.. ' cious nut-like flavour. Ahother -- it is easily and quickly digested -- generally in about one hour. ' But the big reason s Grape-Nuts, besides hav ing delicious taste, supe Plies all the rich n~'trii mnent of whole wheat avid malted barley, including the "vital" maineral saltp necessary f or -buildIn~ brain, nerve and muscle .Always ready to 'eat direct from the adkae Grape-Nuts wit$ cr 4" or good milk is a wet ' balanced ration-the 'i ' most in sound nouih menit. "There's aRe