University of South Carolina Libraries
y"*: . , . T-<?l)c Jtlcsscngcr. ABBEVILLE, 8. C. The area of practical agricultural lands in this country is immensely extended by practical irrigation. In all the Territories west of 100th degree of longitude this method has added millions to the value of the producing soils and wonderfully exteuded their capacity. In Arizona, especially, irrigation is aiding the rapid development of' the Territory and demonstrating its productiveness. The ' practice is to flood small grain from iwu lu luur uuiu? uunu^j iuu &c<?un. Fruit and grass need less water. The Arizona canal is over forty miles long, and irrigates nearly 100,000 acres ol land. Other canals arc now in progress on the Lower Gila which will irrigate over 200,000 acres. In New Mexico, along the Hio (.Jrandc, a large canaT^was recently completed Avliich is expected tc bring more than 200,000 acres into cultivation. While these great water supplies are of first-rate consequence to the development of the rainless districts, they arc nevertheless the origius of gigantic land monopolies. Texas has been popularly supposed to bear the palm for sententiousness since the episode of the householder who, upon observing a burglar climbing into h>s window at night, drew a revolver and simply remarked: "Git!" "Whereupon the other replied: "You bet," and dropped to the ground. Now, however, Minnesota may make pretensions. Dur ing a thunder storm at Lake Minnetonko a few days ngo, the lightning struck n tree near the Lake Park Hotel, shivering it to splinters. One of the guests of the house, who was standing near by, was thrown on his back. A hotel clerk rushed to his assistance and dragged him, apparently more dead than alive, into the hotel office. "When the crowd that gathered around was momentarily expecting to see the lightning-stricken guest yield up the ghost he opened his eyes, raised himself on his elbow, and remarked: "Gentlemen, a little of that fills me up. The French ministry have determined to drive the washerwomen from the Seine, and they are likely to have a much livelier time with them than they had in expelling the French Princes. A Berlin letter says: "The government has now determined to get rid of the Seine washerwomen and of the washingships moored along the banks of the river. There are over fifty of these huge barges, which are mtvlo ucC of throughout the year by no lfess than 38,000 washerwomen. The government lias been impelled to order their removal by the fear that as all the drinking water af: Paris is drawn from the Seine disease and bacilli might be engendered by the .washing of so much dirty linen therein. .The women, however, are up in arms. They refer the government to some old charter of rights and privileges granted them two centuries ago by King Henri jl v ux giuiiuus uicmuij, auu tiiicutuii that if the measure is persisted in they will all march in procession to the ministers armed with the batoir, which they ^ mr- * * * . ' use for beating the linen. They also declare that they will resist by force any attempt on the part of the authorities to board their ships. According to the latest intcllgenee received from Paris General Boulanger is conferring with the minister of marine as to the possibility of a combined movement on the purt of the land and sea forces, while the minister of public wo-ks has been consulted as to | tne possibility of temporarily diverting the Peine into another channel and thus stranding the e-em.v's fleet." -/ ) The New York Graphic says that "nothing is more interesting to those who It! Ol.l T_1 a ~ i ?1!f live uu ouiicu mmuu ui at uuc ui uiu uci tie bay side villages than to watch the injcoming and outgoing steamers and vesjsels on the daily trips up and down the (bay. The first thing that one realizes is that Great Britain rules the ocean, for jher blood-red flag is found on nearly ; every ship, from the colossal Atlantic [liner to the moribund and leaky fishing smack from Canada. Most of the Brit,'ish flags, however, are on iron ships. The wooden vessels that are to be seen by the thousands in the bay fly the flag * of Norway, Germany, Portugal, Spain and Italy. A good many of them seem too rotten to cross Lake Michigan, much le38 Ithe ocean. Some Norwegian "ships" come in that arc not 100 feet long. But When you see an American vessel she is worth looking at, and is conspicuous among those of other nations by reason of her towering but graceful masts; long, sharp hull, trim and taut top hamper and igeneral tidy appearance. Most of the sea-going American ships are engaged in the California trade. Some English ocean tramps are seen that might easily be mistaken for first class Atlantic liners. The majority of the iron freight steamers appear to bo engaged in the transportation iof livt! cattle, and are easily distinguished by the rough wooden houses that run the !wholc length of the dick. They lie ou! "> in the bay and the cattle walk aboard from a lighter alongside, when it would seem much less troublesome and expensive for the steamer to go right up to the [ ' > . idock and Vakc the cattle from the cars, V .hereby saving one transhipment." lie:.. > "V,; *r ' ' . >* ' ' >t<i$K "f '- '> v . v . ^'A .. ; .. '/.?>_ - * LEAD PENCILS. THE INTERESTING PROCESS OI THEIR MANUPAv. fURE. Graphite and its Peculiarities?Mix ins: the Clay and Forcing the Coil ?Filling the Woollen Case ?S'Mmrating and Shaping. L The consumption of lead pencils in this | country is estimated at 250,000 a day. ! This is at the ra^e of one per day tc every 1(50 of population, or about 78,000,000 a year. Graphite, which is the softest substance dug from the earth, is taken in the lump direct from the montli of the mine to the icducing mill. Here it is pulverized by stamps under water, the particles floating off with the watci through a series of tanks. It comes tc the factory in barrels, in the form of dust. The powder is lustcrless and ol a dingy color. It is finer and softer than any flour, and can be taken up in the hand just as water can, but is hardly retained more easily than water is. If one attempts to take a pinch of it. between the forefinger and thumb it is as evasive as quicksilver, and the only sensation left is that the flesh is smoother than before. The first proccss in manufacturing is to separate the graphite dust further, according lo fineness. It is mixed with sufficient water to run very freely, and is then turned into a hopper, from which the water runs slowly through a series of tubs. The coarsest and heaviest particles settle to the bottom of the first tub, the next coarsest and heaviest in the next, and so on, the movement of the water being made very gentle. On reaching the last tub, the powder, being twice as heavy as water and sinking in it if undisturbed, has 60 far settled that the water discharged at the top is nearly clear. After the flow is stopped and the powder allowed to settle, the clear water is withdrawn by removing successively, beginning with the upper one, a number gf plugs inserted in h^les in the side of each tub, care being ^.?d not to agitato the contents so as to disturb the deposited dust. This being done properly, the deposit is removed through the gates at the bottom of each tub. * The separation is thus performed, by this ingenious process of "floating," more perfectly than it could be by any direct handling, dry I frpnlmnnf 1ml n rr tp^nllw imnrnnfinnlilrt For the finest pencils the deposit from the last tub only is used, but for ordinary and cheap grades that from the two before the last will answer. The graphite is now ready for the clay. This is a peculiar pipe clay from Germany, After being subjected to the floating process the finest is mixed with the graphite, in proportions varying ac* cording to the degree of hardness required. The more clay used the hardei the pencil. For medium grades th? proportion is about seven parts clay tc ten graphite by weight. The graphite and clay are mixed together with water, to the consistency of thick cream, and the mixture is fed to the grinding mills, which consist of two flat stones, about two feet in diameter, placed horizontally, only the upper one running. Between these the mass is ground like paint, foi the finest pencils as manv as twenty-foui times, thus securing the most pcrfcct strength, uniformity and freeness from grit in the leads. After grinding tlio mass is inclosed in stout canvas bags, and the clear water forced out by hydraulia pressure until it becomes a thick dough. It then goes to the forming press. This is simply a small vertical iron cylinder, having a solid plunger or piston driven >y a screw. A plate is inserted in the bottom having an opening of the Khapo and size of the lead desired, the graphite is slowly forced through the hole, exactly as water is forced from a syringe, coiling itself round and round like a coil of wire on a board set beneath the press. The coil is taken up at intervals, "rove" off straight by the hands into lengths sufficient for three leads, which are straightened out, laid in order on a board and pressed flat by putting a cover over tnem. They are finallj hardened by placing them in a cruciblc and baking in a kiln. The handling must be done expeditiously, as the leads | begin drying immediately and bee >m( I brittle as they dry; but on first issuing i from the press they are so plastic thai i knots may be tied loosely in them. The leads are now ready for theii t wooden caso. For the cheapest penci | pine is used, for the common grades at j ordinary quality of cedar. At the sav ! mills (he cedar is cut into blocks, abou ! seven inches long, and these are saww ! into strips about three and a half incho j wide and three-sixteenths of an incl thick. Srhe pencil consists of two liart j glued together, with the lead between ! Each strip is wide enough to make tli halves of six pencils. The pencils nr made six at a time, and imperfect strip . arc put together so as to make a ful strip out of the .parts. When thes boards v which arc now ready'for shaping reach the faotoify they are first past in , continuous line, Under a cutter whic' . j *cuta she liftlc grooves, round 'or square ^ I for the leads, and smooths the faces b I i tuo same stroke. The lead in the foreig . j pencil lies -wholly in one*half of 'th ( -wood, the other slip being put on as cover, as nearly Everybody has fount! oc casion to knbw by the covers cMninj 'oil and leaving an unpleasantly fla ' -i (t ' itfA'. , -., > . . \ 7 ' ., j surface; but the Ameri nil method ; has the glue equally in eacl strip. Ac! cordingly the two strips ardglued alike. j Fillinsr the leads is donojby girls, sit, ting at brass covered tables' The firsl takes a grooved slip with |cr left hand ' j and a bunch of leads in her Tight, j j Spreading these out in her fingers like j the sticks of a fan, she dexferously lays I 1 them in thc^ grooves and -passes th< ! filled slip to the girl at the lei, who puts 1 j over it another slip which has just re' j ccived a coating of hot glue fiom a brush , ' j wielded by u third. Any tyo slips fil i i together and the united pairs are laid ic j J j a row and pressed together in an iroD j 1 j frame by a screw, and the row of slips i: j 1 : left to dry. The rough ends o? the slip* ? 1 : and the projecting parts are next ground ' . smooth against a wheel covered with ! sand paper, and are then ready for th< ! I most interesting and characteristic pro, cess of all?that of separating and sha! Piu?The work of separating and shaping them is done by the same operation of 8 single machine. The slips are fed one by one under a revolving cutter, which 1 separates and rounds them on one side by cutting away the superfluous woo:l. ! As they come from under the cutter they j are turned over and passed under a second one, which does the same work on the other side, bo that they fall into the basket in a continuous stream, six wide, of finished pencils.?Brooklyn Eagle. Dollar Dinners for Half Pricc. ! "It is wonderful to know how many prominent business men, who would not put their hands in your pocket to pick your purse for any consideration, will stand in with restaurant, waiters to beat the establishment," said, a prominent hotel man. "How is the game worked?" "It is a simple thing, but it depends entirely upon the large crowds that throng fashionable restaurants at dinner time. When sixty or seventy men are eating in one room the cashier can't see what each one has unless he leaves his desk, and it is very easy for a customer at the farther end of the apartment to eat a ninety-cent dinner and pay for a thirty or forty cent meal. > HOW ? I . "In this -way: Tho customer gives th:: I : ( waiter a daily tip of a dime. Tlie waiter is careful to see that hi9 benefactor gets ! a thirty-cent check, say every time he j , eats a ninety-cent meal. The check is ! , paid at the counter and no one is the | wiser." ! "Arc waiters never caught at these tricks?" j : "Of course, once in a great while. A I , chap that wore his white apron at the J end of that eating bar for six months," j ( said the speaker, pointing to the bar, ^ "got caught at last. Ho was in the j 1 V *i _ J? _ i 1 l j i \ % . i nauit oi giving an oia, wnite-inusutcnca i f gentleman soup, roast, three or four | 1 j vegetables, dessert, coffee, and often a few crackers and Roquefort cliccsc, every daj*. Well, that customer ought to have ^ paid $1 a meal, but he never brought in a check for over fifty cents. At last the ' cashier took note of the meal provided ' for half a dollar. I called the waiter up , ' after inspecting one dinner purchased by 1 that man and the fifty-cent check turned j 1 in. and bounced the waiter. It had a ! ' good moral effect among the other j 1 waiters!, forty in all." 1 ; "Is there HA "means to prevent this < | ; beating the house?" : 1 The hotel man shook his head sadly . 1 he said : "Not entirely." i J But whenever a waiter in his place i gets regular tips that waiter is suspected i and watched.?Philadelphia Neics. j i soup Tronj norse meat. i i Every day, at early morning, noon and evening, in Paris, you will see poor peo- j pie gathering at certain shabby cook- j shops in the quarters of Belleville, Mont- ! martere, the Bntignolles and other of the J scot ions outside the boulevards, where j poverty houses thickest, each armed . with a tin pail, a pitcher or something ' else calculated to carry liquid. These rcccptaclcs are duly filled with thin but strong and savory broth, ladled from r huge, steaming cauldrons, and which ( costs only a cent or two a quart. I have r druuk this bouillon, and found it nour| ishing and good. It is made of the bones 5 and scraps of horse meat, after the choicer r l pieces are sold to the cheap restaurants, ! ^ | and the very csscnco and marrow of the j meat are in it, for the boiling is kept up I f until the bones are fairly honeycombed and the meat reduced to shred6 like bits , of twine. This broth provides the principal animal nourishment for the average 't laborer in the gay city. He adds to it n j few vegetables, thickens it with bread s and if, having, as the cook-book might say, been "seasoned to taste," makes a palatable and hearty meal. No othei meat but that of the horse is employed for this purpose. Beef is far too expen- < sive for such use, for it sells at nearly i double what it brings in America, and . s the scraps and bones aro all readily pur- j chased at proportionate rates.?New Yorl \ e News. ^ Earlv marriages is the rule among | a , ^ FrCtoch Canadians. Originating in the 1 , ' early history of the country, when women j ' were few and the government and church { ^ alike encouraged girls in their teens to ! f become wives, the practice has become ' permanent, and for lads who have not reached their majority to be fathers and girls of sixteen to become mothers it too f common to cause remark. FARM AND HOUSEHOLD. i Mttking: Dutter. An English expert o:> butter-making ( says: I.et any pen-on examine the grain ; of ahigh-clsss f-amplc f.>r himself by de- ! libcrately breaking a roll in half, and thcnrej cit : lie operation upjn an inferior Mirnple. Country salt butter?why will people continue to favrr the eon mmer with the flavor of suit instead of the lluvor of butter??is, in nine cases I out of ten, either bad in grain or streaky. Strenkincss, which is most obnoxious to ! the judge, is more common where salt is largely used, because the salt lias much i to do with the fault. Makers, too, who ! salt oti the table instead of with brine make more streaky butter than others. j Stre.iky butter is not only disagreeable to tlm eye, but it is evidence of inferior workmanship; it tells that the butter is not of high llavor; that it will not keep, j and tliat it contains an abnormal <juan- , tity of salt, of water, or both. Indeed, , it is the presence of water, for which salt has a common affinity, that caused i the undesirable appearance. Afteracer- [ tain point, mere bulk of salt, is of no value lis a preservative of butter; hence the objection of those who prefer to salt on the table instead of in the churn is unfounded. Salting with brine when j the butter is granular gives the maker I perfect command over the strength of the ! salt, and is not only the most sensible j but the most practicable method. | Poultry Notes. If you starve your liens you will not fatten your egg basket. Guinea fowls are excellent sentinels , against hawks, cats or other "var- ; mints." : Do not hatch Bantams before Scptem- ; ber, if you would have them beautiful i and diminutive. The Game fowl makes an excellent 1 mother for young chicks, and are the i best sentinels against hawks. Among the new breeds the white Ply- : month Rocks and white Wyand^jfctes Beem largely in the ascendancy. The Plymouth Rock and Wyandottes arc both most admirably adapted to the ; farm. Good layers, excellent table fowls,and with all the necessary and im- , portant qualities for the farm. Turkeys are great foragers, and will ; gather their entire food from the fields , during the summer; at the same time de- ! Btroying myriads of bug?, grasshoppers, j worms, etc., that prey upon the ctops. ' | If yon wish your }*oung chicks to grow , rapidly and thrive at this season of the year,give them frequently scraps of fresh ! meat from the refuse you will find at 1 every butcher shop ; they are exceeding- ; ly fond of it. - Above all things else, if you would be ! a successful poultry raiser, keep things j clean about the hen-houses aud runs; it s will pay handsomely t} give them pro- t r?nr*innntf>l v :i? mnrh ntt.pnt-inn ns vnn rlr> ! Dther live stock. j Should fowls be troubled with "scaly j leg," nuike a mixture of three ounces of j sweet oil, one ounce of sulphur, and ! twenty drops of carbolic acid,und anoint the legs two or three times a week until i cured; first, however, wash with soap i and water. I It is very seldom that much can be ac- j complifhed by helping chickens out of the shell, but if it must be done, opec ! the shell at the large end, removing it and the membrane covering the chick 0 I about one-thira oi tne way down, it requires a steady hand, however, to do i much good in such instances.? Western j Plowman. j Recipes. Smoked "Bf.ef with Sauce.?Cut the beef as thin as possible and pour boil- j ing water over it; let it stand for a few , minutes and then drain off the water, j Put the beef in a frying-pan, on the back 1 of the range, aud let it dry a little; then add a piccc of butter and dredge a little | flour over it, and stir until the flour is , well mixed and smooth; add a little i cream and serve hot. Greek Pea Pancakes.?A cup of boiled grcjn peas, rubbed smooth with a teaspoouful of butter and season with , >3 v ! bait/ turn jjcppci , ?uuuiu xiuve uccu j>uu aside after dinner ve9terday for this purpose. Mix with it now a cupful of milk, two beatou eggs and three tablespoonfuls of prepared flour. Beat to a soft batter and bake as you would griddle , cakes. Lemon Biscuit.?One cup butter, two j and one-half cupfuls of sugar, four eggs, one and one-half pints of flour, one teaspoonful of baking powder, juice of one lemon. 3lix the butter, sugar and beaten eggs smooth; add the flour, sifted with the powder, and the extract. Flour the I board, roll out the dough one-fourth inch thick and cut out with a large round ( cutter, lay out on a greased tin, wash over with in ilk and lay a thin slice of cit- i ron on each. Bake in a <iuiek oven ten minutes. Waffles for Breakfast on Luxcn. j I'USB UI1U puit U4 WUl HI UU11UU iltu through ft sieve and add to it a small tenspoonful of 6alt, one tablespoonful of I flour sifted with twa. teaspoonfuls of i baking powder. Beat the whites of j three eggs to a stiff froth. Beat the yolks of three eggs as light as possible tod mix with three gills of milk; stir the mixture into the rioe and flour and ?dd an ounce of melted butter. Add the 1 frothed whites; mix all thoroughly to- ! gether and pour into a -waffle-iron, baking a delicate brown. Tlic waffle-iron ' should 1)?' ln-ated. well greased and filled two-thirds full with the mixture. At a Fair in Savoy. i Oli-s- to the gendarmerie there stands a caravan, the portal of which is decorated with a picture calculated to strike terror into the doughtiest heart. It lep- i regents a French ^ailor being leisurely eaten up by a band of savages. Al- j though the* luckless mariner is almost ! i ? , , ? _ cusinemDcrod. tlie expression of his face ; betokens an intense interest in the ulti- j mate fate of his own left leg, which is,to all appearances, literally a bone of con- j tention between two of the bon vivants. A r;d-tulTed cap and a striped jersev, lying near, would lead one to suppose j that a beloved comrade is by this time ! undergoing the process of digestion, j And above all this is a richly-emblazoned 1 scroll, which states with pardonable tautology that for two sous a head the j public can sec the man-eating cannibal j from Patagonia. The door is opened as ! the clock strikes twelve and the booth is j opened. In an iron cage is the savage, j clad in little more thnn a string of shells ' and an elaborate headdress, lie is but I small and, despite his dusky skin, is by j nu iiiciiim ?u tuuuiv ivs unc imgin nave ? expected. The proprietor of the show is a voluble little Gascon, who rapidly relates the history of the cannibal and the thrilling incidents of his capture. The story finished, the keeper cuts with a short sword some raw meat from a joint and, \mbolting the cage door,flings it to the savage. The latter seizes itand J tears at it ravenously. The keeper turns j away for a moment to relight his cigar- j ette, when a wild shriek is heard and a j general stampede commenccs. The Gas- i con, it seems, has omitted to bolt the door, and the cannibal, having seized a club which had hitherto been lying in the corner of his cage, has dashed out among the audience. Well might the ?/i-? J *? n vujvu uiuu tiniuicu uuu erj iui aid. Tlie proprietor, hov:cvcr, is equal to the emergency. Throwing himself with drawn sword before the savage, ht drives him back, inch by inch, to the j dim recesses of hi* lair. The door is j once more bolted,and the keeper is over- j whebr.cd with gratitude and caporal | cigars. His heroism is the talk of the fair, and the booth is crammed all day long. The other showmen, however, laugh incredulously. Every fair commences, they say, with a similarly tragic occurrence, and thev hint that Cheuzcl, j the "mr.n-cating cannible," is a verj i harmless native of the South Pacific j Islands, with an unrequited attachment , for the pig-faced lady,and a pretty taste in the matter of en!re ?London Globe. J ? I Poisonous ice Cream. During the present season there have occurred two instances of violent poisoning from ice cream. The symptoms were | those of irritant poisoning, combined with certain nervous effects, such as dizziness, double vision, headache, great muscular weakness and sense of wearinnCO TllAV n *>o ntmni.ftln !?? ? -? t "Vfij. M. M-A\. J tuu J IUU O.lklLVthose appearing in checsc poisoning. In j both forms the milk appears to have un- i dergone some peculiar change, probably ! due to the work of a special microbe. I Dr. Vaughan, of Ann Arbor, Michigan, ! has investigated some cheese that bad ; produced poisoning, and from that as well as from the deadly ice cream of the ! Michigan cases this year, he has suecceded in extracting a crystalline poison, i not before described, which produced i similar effects upon animals upon which , he had made experiments. The symp- I toms were like those produced by arsenic, i but the chemical examination showed j that substance was not present. The ! gallant but economical young man has j now a valid objection to entering an icc ! cream saloon, and this "pointer" may be of value to him. Ordinary putrefaction j does not develon this noison in cheese. hence there must be some special cause at work in the instances where poisoning occurs from making use of it.?St. Louis ; Globe-Democrat. Comic Papers in America. The first comic paper in America waf brought out about 1840 by Foster, of the New York Tribune. It was called Yaniet Doodle and was constructed on the pattern of Punch. It was funuv, but it lived only a year or two and was succeeded by John Donkey,into which John Brougham poured the best wit of his life. ThL? struggled along two or three years, wai i admired, laughed over and quoted bj the few and neglected by the many till ii turned up its toes to the daises, leaving Brougham deeper in debt than ever. Tht I 'Lantern came next; it was edited b} j Brougham, Fred. Cozzens, Clapp and ; Thomas Powell, and was very lively. Ii [ flickered its last flicker and doused it; ! humorous glim when George Law ceasec ; to furnish oil to the foolish maidon: above mentioned. Then there wasdark, j ness till Vanity Fair and PunchinelU j came; art obvious advance on any funn} | papers that had preceded them,but they ' too, were gathered to their fathers, ana t the fathers were considerably out o: pocket by the transaction. The nex: venture of any consequence in this lini was Fuck?followed by Jingo, the Judge Chic and others of the sort appealing fo: patronage mainly on the strength of thei' pictures.? Paper World. J*"-1, : v ' . WORDS OF WISDOM. Jealousy is t'.ie apprehension of superiority. The love of all things springs from the love of one. Who overcome? by force hath ovcrenrnn Imt linlf liio ? / ... The finest fruit earth li >1(1* up to its Maker is a finished man. Good thoughts are no better tliAn good dreams, unless they are executed. Iso rules can make amiability: our minds anil apprehensions make that. All history is only the preeepts of moral philosophy ieduced into examples. The innocence of the intention abates nothing of the mw-hicf of the example. Malice and hatred arc very fretting, mid apt to make our minds sore and uneasv. Merc beauty ever was, and ever is. and ever will be, but a secondary thing, except to fools. Though men's persons ought not to bo hated, yet without all peradventure their practices justly may. A man's nature runs either to herbs or weeds; therefore let him seasonably water the one and destroy the other! It was the policy of the good old gentleman to make his children feel that ^ home was the happiest place in the world; and I value this delicious home feeling as one of the choicest n immnt n?r. o ? I??' bestow. 'Tis pitiful, says Emerson, the things by which wc arc rich or poor?a matter of coins, coats and carpcts, a little more or less stone, or wood, or paint, the fashion of a cloak or hat; like the luck of naked Indians, of whom one iB proud in the possession of a glass bead or a red feather, and the rest miserable in the want of it. Washington's Private Secretary. There is in the western part of the city an old warehouse, built in the last century, in which the archives of Government were stored when brought here by water until houses conld be prepared for their reception. This warehouse belonged to Col. Lear, a native of Portsmouth, N. H., who was fitted for college at Dummer Academy atByfield,Mass.,graduated at Harvard University in 178 J, and two ? years later becamc Private Secretary to Gen. Washington. In 1802 he became Consul-General at San Domingo, and in ISO4 he filled the same position at Algiers. The next year (1805) he went as Commissioner to negotiate a peace with Tripoli. On returning to the United States he became an accountant in the War DepaitmcnL One morning in October, 1810, after Col. Lear had finished breakfast, he took the morning pajier and walked to the summcrhouse in hifl yard. Soon alter the sounds of a pistol n ere heard, which alarmed the family, and proceeding to the summerhousc they found Col. Lear seated on-a bench with his brains blown out and the fatal pistol io liio rrri W'^nn Wnohinrrf at* lO UIO UV/UVI4 {^1 1* " "vU II l*CUiil^l/UU gave Col. Lear hi9 war correspondence to classify; he directed him to burn tho letters of Mrs. Washington as lie came across them. She was not an accomplished scholar, and her rioted closeness in money matters doubtless led her to make occasional remarks in badly spelled sentences, which Washington wished to have destroyed.?Brn: Perlei/ Poore. In conversation with a representative of one of the lajgest New Jersey nurseries a reporter of the New York Mail and Exprtss learns that the old Lombardy poplar trees are again coming into fashion. The dwarf maples of Japan are also now in favor. They come one and ft half to two feet hifrli. and cost &2 to $5 ? ? 0 , - - ? each. The Norway spruce is still popular as an evergreen; also the Nordman'g fir, which is new and taking the placo of the old English silver fir. The retinospera evergreen, from Japan is finer than the arbor vitx. In hedges, the California privet is taking the place of the old American privet. Its foliage resembles the leaf of the camellia. Boxwood hedges are yet out of style. Ia shade trees maplc3 are in demand, English, Norway and sugar. The elm isout of style, on account of a peculiar insect, of a parasite or carnivorous description. The Carolina and greenleaf poplars are in favor. New Jersey is greatly enlarging its productiveness in small fruits. rm _ l 1? J I iiere is u mrgeij' uiurcum-u ?uiu iu uiuuilberry vines. The sweet early harvest, th? earliest of all, which grows in clusters, is in demand. The small fruit industry has also increased in New York arid Connecticut. The peach still leads in the nurseries, all ovor the country. Large numbers, both of peaches and apricots, are ordered for California. Delaware and Maryland arc buying New Jersey peach-trees. The old trees in those two States are dying of defective sidebark, and Jersey is expected to supply half a million this fall?two years * from the seed and one year from the bud. They arc planted from the middle of October to the last of November, and bear from two to three years from the time they aro set out. The KeifTor and Lamonte pairs, both especially adapted to canning, sell largely. The flesh is olid, but not particularly luscious. Waterproofs <^, light weight woolenmaterial in dark and medium tints are* preferable to thosev of rubber. The material sheds water and has none of th* unplcnsaut odor of India rubber. $4 y k&i