The Abbeville messenger. (Abbeville, S.C.) 1884-1887, June 22, 1886, Image 2
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FOR THE FARM AND 110ME.
Food for Calves.
Many fanners have suffered losses
kunong their calves by putting them too
early upon a non-milk diet of an unsuitable
nature. The stomach of a calf but
jbl fow weeks old is very tender and delicate,
and will not stand irritation such
as is produced by many feeding stuffs
that are readily digested at a more advanced
age. It is necessary to remove
from such foods all particles of husk and
fibre, and whatever may bo tlio materials
used iu the mixture, whether bean meal,
pea meal, wheat, linseed, or a variety of
other?, it is important not merely to
grind finely, but to carefully separate
* through a silk or fine cloth sieve all particles
of liusk. If these arc not removed
they are, however finely ground, likely to
cause serious irritation. The judicious
use of gruel made from properly prepared
foods, at first in partial and finally in
total substitution for milk, from an early
age, effects a considerable economy on a
largo dairy farm.
How to Grow & Good Potato Crop.
Edmund Horsey, Hingliam, Mass.,who
Iius had large experience, said at a meeting
of the Massachusetts State Board of
Agriciflturc that ho got the most, tlio
largest and the best quality of potatoes
from small tubers, cut two eyes to a
piece. Ho believes: 1. The shape of a
potato cannot be changed by tlie continued
selection of any particular form of
the seed planted. 2. The crop may be
increased by the selecting of healthy,
well-kept tubers, and diminished by selecting
for seed diseased and poorly kept
v potatoes. 3. Hard potatoes that have
prouted but little are better for sted
than those that are soft, or have any
long sprouts. 4. Long continued planting
of any variety gradually changes its
characteristics. 5. Large crops are only
obtained on rich soils, well prepared by
being thoroughly pulverized. 0. In ordinary
field culture the size of the tubers
planted should be sufficient to give the
young plants a vigorous start. 7.
Neither the size or form of the seed tuber
is of half as much consequence as is its
healthy condition or its vital powers.
8. No rule can be laid down in regard to
the quantity of seed per acre, the amount
of manure to be applied, or the particular
method of cultivation. 9. One or
half a dozen experiments are not suffices*
to establish any particular facts, and
each one mu?t experiment for himself on
bis own farm.
TAret?8tory Barn*.
For ordinary farm uses where hay and
grain arc the staple crops a one-story
barn with a basement is the most desirable
shape. And in the bay the open
space should extend from the roof to the
bottom of the basement. The entire
weight of grain or hay will press downward,
making the mass at the bottom
very solid. But for other uses more
flooring is often desirable. Seed growers
and those who handle tobacco require a
succession of floors with plenty of ventilation.
The difficulty is in driving in
?n the upper floors, but this is accomplished
by building on a side hill am!
grading up. In a three-story barn lon^
enough for two floors, one wagon passagy
may be run on the first floor and the pro-,
duct be pitched upon the second. The
other may be built *ip to the second
floor, and this will enable products to
be drawn by team nearly to the roof.
These high buildings require only the
ame roofing as lower ones, and afford
better ventilation. But one great drawback
to this form of building is danger
from fire. In country placcs it is difficult
to throw streams of water to the
lops of high buildings, and when a fire
under such circumstances gets under
headway it is nearly impossible to save
anything. Even the basement barn is
objected to by owners of valuable stock,
for the cellar under a barn when the
latter is in flames is a death trap, which
no one who values his life dare ?ntp.r?
Cultivator.
Telling Kffgs.
All eggs should bo tested by some
means. Eggs that are unfertile will be
easily distinguished from the fertile ones
In three or four days after setting; in
fact an expert may detect them on the
econd day.
In France it is the practice to examine
er test the eggs after the hen has been
on them two days, and if they prove unfertile
they are used on the table. In
this country almost every one feeds the
young chicks boiled eggs the first two or
three days of their existence, and for thi?
purpose eggs that have been set on six
x. ....
or eignt (lays aro equally as valuable as
fresh ones.
Now for a cheap tester, take a heavy
piece of brown paper, wrap it around a
tick, paste it fast all along, draw the
tick out and you have one that will distinguish
between fertile and unfertile
eggs When set upon five or six days.
To uso the tester, we have but to hold
It to the eye and hold an egg to the othei
end of it, looking through the egg toi
ward the sun or a lamp. Every stage of
incubation may bo noted in this way,
and the egg saved by this process and
nsed as food for chicks will abundantly
pay for all the trouble. A still mort
valutfblo consideration is the fact thai
' when a half dozen hens are set at once,
the fertile eggs may be put into a ie?
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number of nests and other fresh eggs may
be placed under the hens rendered idle
by the removal of the unfertile eggs and
the consolidation of the fertile ones.?
Journal of Agriculture.
Ensilage 111 Stacks.
Strong support to the stack system of
ensilage has been given by the committee
1 appointed by the Royal Agricultural society
to inspect the silos and stacks of
the country as judges in the competition
for prizes recently awarded. Prof. Long,
i one of the members, in giving evidence
the other day before the ensilage commission,
stated that he and his colleagues
i were very favorably impressed with the
stdeks they saw. He further remarked
that, where the stack system was successfully
carried out, the loss on the outsides
was very small, and not moro than
the average loss in silos. The committee
estimated the loss on the prize stack belonging
to Mr. Johnson, of Oakwood
Croft, near Darlington, at only 2 per
cent. The concluding sittings of the
ensilage commission did not bring to
light much else of importance, unless it
was the evidence of several witnesses as
to the value of maizs as an ensilage crop,
and the best method cf cultivating it in
this country. Sif John Lawes appears
to be as skeptical hs ever in respect of
the advantages of ensilage, though he is
almost alone among those who have tried
the system. Dr. Voelcker, from his experience,
has come to quite a contrary
opinion, having been convinced that
there are very great advantages to be derived
from ensilage, one of which is the
growing of two fodder crops, such as
tares and maize, for the silo or the stack,
in the same season. When Sir John
Lawes compares mangolds with ensilage
crops, he does not appear to consider the
great expense of the former, especially
on thfe clays, and the serious injury done
to heavy land by carting heavy root
crops off the land in a wet autumn. The
final report of the commissioners may be
expected shortly, and there is no doubt
that it will be strongly in favor of ensilage.
Deep PloualiiniC.
In farming, as well as in dairying or
grazing, everything depends on the condition
of the soil. Here is tt foundation,
and unless this is in proper condition the
superstructure is bound to fall.
A great deal has been said and written
as to the proper depth to plough, and
there is such a difference of opinion held
among farmers in regard to it that the
question is still as far from being settled
as ever. We think, however, that the
leading cause for such difference of opinion
may be found in the difference in the
land itself. That good crops ?$e and can
be grown on shallow-ploughed land that
: is good, no one will deny, provided the
1 seasoa be neither too wet nor too dry; i.
, e., with Moderate rains the whole season.
In such a season anyone can grow good
' crops. But such seasons are rare, and,
in fact, every season is likely to be attended
with either a long drought or a
long wet spell. Now what the farmer
wants is to guard against both, and the
only way to do it is to break up his lam! j
as deeply as possible, say not less tlia !
from seven to ten inches. But how i j
this to mend the matter? "We answer,
very easily. In case of a heavy rain, a
large portion of the water, instead ol
running off, will be absorbed by the
deeply disintegrated land, where it is
held as if by a sponge for the use of the
plants, and if a drought should intervene,
there is a supply of water just
where the plants want it, and when exYioiiof
All lfa nlftrtA in ?? 1 J _-3
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capillary attraction from below. It will j
thus be seen that by deep ploughing tin- 1
farmer provides against drought by having
a supply of water in reserve or a
place ready to receive and hold it whenever
it comes. The better to insure this,
liowevor, as well aA to facilitate the es :
cape of too much water, it is better to j
use a sub-soil plough and an additional j
team, running the same immediately
after the breaking plough, and the ripping
up the sub-soil the desired depth.
This need not be done for every crop
raised on tho land, but only once in
every three or four years. -
At nas Dcen wen said that it is better
to have two acres of good land, one on
top of the other, than as many acres
alongside of each other, as it costs only
half as much to tend them. The way to
do this is by deep ploughing, and thus
double the depth of the soil, as well as
the crops grown thereon.?Tribune and
Farmer.
Household Hint*.
%
A piece of zinc put on live coals in tbe
stove will clean out the stovepipe.
To remove paint splashes on window
glass, moisten the spots with a strong solution
of soda, then rub hard.
Oil stains may bo removed from paper
by applying pipe clay powdered and
mixed with water to the thickness of
cream; leave on for four hours.
If one ounce of powdered gum traga,
canth.be mixed in the white of six eggs,
well beaten and applied to a window, it
prevent the rays of the sun from pen[
etrating.
1 Curtains of swiss or lace are placed
; next to the window in front of the shade*
t with pretty effect. They only reach t
, the sUI, and are looped back with whii
i ribboa or a piece of goods embroideMd.
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All high-backed rocker3 must havo
head-rests or be old-fashioned. These
rests are little oblong alluirs in the shape
of a small log, and made out of rich material
beautifully embroidered or simple
cretonue. Some of the prettiest are
chrochetted out of variegated worsted.
They have a filling of feathers or cottou
and fastened to the chair by ribbons.
Iteclples.
Cinnamon Rolls.?Take a picco of pie
crust, roll it out, cut it in narrow strips,
sprinkle with cinnamon, roll it up tight,
placc in a buttered pan and bake until
brown.
Omelet with Spinach.?Pick, wash anu
chop a handful of spinach, put in an
omelet pan an ounce of good Ibutterr j
when it is hot add the spinach with a |
little salt and pepper. Then beat up !
three eggs with a tablespoonful of sweet ]
cream and a soupcon of salt. Add to j
the spinach and finish as a plain omelet, j
Nice Oriddle CaTccs.?Two cupfulscold
boiled rice, one pint Hour, one teaspoonful
sugar, one-half tcaspoonful salt, one
and one-half tcaspoonfuls bilking powder,
one egg, little more than one-half
pint milk. Sift together flour, sugar,
salt and powder; add rice free from
lumps,diluted with beaten egg and milk;
mix into smooth batter. Have griddle
well heated, make cakes large, bake
nicely brown, serve with maple syrup.
French Loaf Cake.?Beat one pound of
sugar with half pound of butter until
very light and stir in one cup of cream,
then beat in one quarter of a pound of
flour. Boat seven eggs until they are
very light and add by degrees to the
mixture; then add three-quarters of a
pound of flour, half of it at a time alternately
with the juice and grated rind of
one lemon. After beating fill wnll to
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gctlier, add one tcaspoonful of salcratus
and beat a, few minutes longer. Have j
the pans buttered and lined with white I
paper, pour the mixture into them and j
bake in a moderate oven.
Something About Chinese.
Chinese is a queer language. All its !
words arc only one syllable long. But j
the sounds in the Chinese language arc j
not very many, some four hundred and
sixty-five at most, and their written language
contains about eighty thousand
pictures, each picture representing a
thing or idea. And these pictures must
be committed to memory. This is hard
work, and not even the wisest Chinese
professor can learn them all. But now
comes a difficulty. For, of course, where
there are so many words and so few
sounds, many different words have to bo
called by the same sound. How then
are they to tell, when several different
things have exactly the same name,
which of them is meant?
"We have such words. For instance,
there is Bill, the name of a boy; and bill
the beak of a bird; there is bill, an old
weapon, and bill, a piece of money;
there is bill, an article over which legislatures
debate, and bill, a claim for payment
of money; besides bills of exchange,
bills of lading, and so forth. But Chinese
is full of such words of a single syllable,
yen, for instance, which, like bill,
means many very different things. So
they chose a number of little pictures,
and agreed that these should be used aa
"keys." Each "key" meant that the
sign or signs near which it stood belonged
to so me large general set of things,
like things of the vegetable, mineral, 01
animal kingdom, forests, m ines, or seas,
air, or ^ater, or of persons, like gods 01
men. It w&s like the game called Throwing
Light, in which you guess the article
by narrowing down the field until certain
wliat it is.
But there Chinese writing stopped
short, thousands of years ago. Thereat is
to-day. There are now two hundred
and fourteen of these "keys," and, by
intense application, Chinamen learn to
use their method with surprising quickness
and success.?St. Nicholas.
Russia's Peat Deposits.
There is an excellent chance for the
inventor of a simple peat cutting machine,
for Russia, which can be worked
by a team of horses, and would take the
place between the ordinary hand-cutting
machine and those worked by steam,
the latter of which cost about $4,500.
Large deposits of peat exist in the country,
which it is intended to use instead |
of coal as soon as they can be worked
cheaper than coal. In fact, on the
Northern Railroad of Russia the locomotives
hitherto burning wood or coal arc
being adapted ior peat-burning, as a considerable
saving is expected to be realized.
The hand-machines, by the way,
have the drawback that the poat can not
be worked below eight feet, while the
steam-cutting machines penetrate twenty
feet, and reach a superior kind of peau?
Chicago Times.
K Ball's Golden Teeth.
A Nevada City, (Nev.,) butcher recently
killed a steer whose teeth wers
completely incrustod with gold and silver
bullion. The animal came_ from a
ranch on Carson River.
It is supposed that the precious metai
J on its teeth was collected whilo drinking
I the water of the river, which is impregi
nated with the tailings of the mills re
I ducing Comstock ores. It is said that
most of the cattle along this river have
gold and silver cn their teeth.?Chicago
' Herald.
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A FEDERAL SPY.
Obtaining Shelter in an Atlanta
Bomb-Proof.
riio Two Scars which Revealed His
Identity Yoars Afterward.
During the session or an important religious
body in our city I made the acquaintance
of the Rev. Mr. Dubuque, n
delegate from one of the northwestern
states, says a writer in the Atlanta Conilitution.
What attracted me to the man
ivas his amiability and meekness. Mr.
Dubuque came up to my ideal of a
preacher, and I found his companionship
very pleasant. One afternoon my western
friend asked me if I thought that any
af the bomb-proofs dug by the citizens
during the siege of Atlanta were still in
existence. He desired to see one, as lie
had been requested by his friends at
home to sketch it. "I know of one that
we can reach in a ten-minutes' walk," I
?aid. Mr. Dubuque was delighted, and
wc were soon on our way to the placc.
I had a slight acquaintance with the
old lady upon whoso premises the bombproof
was situated, and when we reached
the place and stated the object of our
visit permission was readily given to examine
the queer-looking hole in the
ground which had served as a refuge
from Sherman's shells. The bomb-proof
fortunately was in a line state of preservation,
and the old lady pointed it out to
us with a good deal of pride. At first
wc saw only a huge mound of earth covered
with grass, but at one end we found
an opening to a crooked underground
chamber, about G feet deep, 10 feet long,
and 5 in width. No falling shell had
sufficient force to penetrate that mound,
composed of red clay, timber, and scrapiron.
When we scrambled out of the gloomy
place the old lady remarked that when
she occupied it the walls were lined with
Did carpets, and the floor was covered
with rugs. With a few chairs and some
blankets her family had found a night in
the dug-out, as she called it, very endurable.
"Those were stirring times," said Mr.
Dubuque.
"They were indeed, replied our hostess.
"I can never forgive Gen. Sherman
for shelling a city full of women and
children."
"One of the necessities of war," said
the preacher in an undertone. "By the
way, did any of your soldiers ever seek
shelter in this snug little hole?"
"Only one," replied the lady, "and lie
turned out to be a Yankee spy:"
"Is it possible!" lier two listeners exclaimed.
"Yes, I was never so surprised in my
life. One day the shelling was unusually
hot. Two spent shells struck the
house. A soldier who was passing ran
into our yard and made for the bombproof.
lie requested our permission to
remain for a few minutes, and of course
we had no objection. lie was a fine
looking young man and made himself
very agreeable. When he left he expressed
a wish for something to read,
and I let him have 'The Aid-de- Camp,'
a confoderato novel. He promised to return
it, but I did not expect to see it
again."
"And did he return it?" I asked.
"Yes, and I wish he hadn't. Why,
what do you think? Two weeks later,
after Sherman had occupied the city, I
was out in my front yard one morning
looking after my plants, when who
should ride up to the fence but a young
officer in a spick-spank new uniform. I
wouldn't look at him until he saluted me,
and said: "Madam, I have called to return
your book. I enjoyed it very much.'
I took the book. It was "The Aid-dcCamp.'
Then I looked tho officer full in
the face. 'So you were a spy?' I said.
inais wnat incy can it,' replica tlie
young rascal, with a laugh. He bowed,
waved his hand, aud galloped off. 1
never saw him again, but I would know
him anywhere by the two scars on his
right temple."
"A very interesting incident," said Mr.
Dubuque. "It is to be hoped that youi
spy abandoned the tricks of his business
and settled down into a good citizen after
the war."
"I don't believe a word of it," responded
the old lady. "If I had know
what he was at first I would have had
him turned over to Gen. Hood and shot."
By this time we had seen all thero was
to bo seen and were ready to take our
departure. As he turned to go, aftei
thanking the mistress of the house foi
her courtesy, Mr. Dubuque, before replacing
his hat, brushed away his curlj
locks from his right temple, revealing
two little scars, and gazed at the good
lady, who was smiling upon him.
"My goodness!" exclaimed the excited
woman. "Why, you are the spy; the
very man himself 1"
One Little Thinir that Told.
Bageley?You may talk all you like of
the great enterprises, the fact remains,
however, that all of them had small beginnings.
No, sir, I tell you it is the
little things that tell.
? Bailey?You're right. If that little
snip of a Bertie Howland hadn't told
that I kissed his sister, old Howland
Would still have in me a great admirer.
But its all over now.? TidBit*.
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Supplying Scoils to Congressmen.
Tho business of supplying seeds to
Congretstnen is growing, and lias already ^
attained pretty largo proportions. Ac- I j
cording to the Washington Star, thirty- : ^
two men and 140 women are busy in tho i
annex of the Agricultural Department j
building supplying thr Congressional <le- j
mand for seed. Six thousand paper pack- 1
ages of vegetable seed, 500 of flower j'
seed, 300 of tobacco, 20 quarts of sorghum,
20 of-corn, 50 of grass, 28 quarts i
of sugar beet and 32 quarts of cotton j
seed. That is the allowance of each Senator
and Representative in Congress. If j
put up in one order, each member's al- j 01
lowancc would All eight large mail sacks, i
As there are 409 Senators and Itcprcscn- ;
tatives, the seed division of the Agricul- ;
tural Department is a very busy institu- h
tion at ccrtain seasons of the year. The
seeds distributed through members of 7'
Congress comprise about two-thirds of si
the whole amount disposed of by the Ag- ^
n. i i Tiv _ u
ui/uituiiii x^upaitniuut. 1 iiu remaining | 11
third goes to persons in various parts of h
the country who net us agents of the dc- j d
partment, but receive no compensation, j f>
Members furnish to the department the ' a
names of those to whom they desire to j
have the seeds sent, though sometimes j A
they have the whole or a part of their al- j I*
lowanccs sent to them, aud attend to the c
distribution themselves. 2
The force of the seed division is requir- 2
cd to receive, assort, pack, label and pre- y
paro the packages for the mail sacks in g
which they arc hauled away from the dc- 0
purtmcnt. The little paper bags or pock- \
cts arc cut and made in one end of the r
large room where the seeds arc packed.
The printing upon them is executed in ^
the printing office in the department. At
one long table is a company of young j.
women, pasting the bags or pockets,
which arc arranged in boxes and sent at _
? C
at once to the printer. Upon their return
they go to other tables, where they arc ?
filled with the seed intended for them.
The labor is divided and subdivided so j
as to facilitate the work as much as pos- | j
sible. One lady who has a pan of seed
before her and a tiny measure liills the
bag or pocket; her neighbor pastes down
the flap on the bag. At another table the ^
department frank is put on, and so on
until tne package is finally placed' in the
mail sack. All of this work is carried on ^
with little noise and no confusion.?jtfeu)
York Sun.
s
What the B!in<1 Can Do. 1
A shining example of what the blind 1
who have courage and determination can 1
do could be witnessed in the late lament- 1
cd Henry Fawcctt. He refused to allow
his infirmity to interfere materially with
his career and habits, though of course it
modified and altered their channels. It
is well known that he was an admirable I
horseman and fisherman, and if ho was
undeterred by the drawbacks of his condition
when they were suddenly thrust
upon him in early manhood, surely children
who have never known the blessing
of sight can be brought up to regard
blindness as nothing that need prevent
their taking their place comparatively on
a par with the rest of the citizens.
Henry Fawcett is not alone. Other blind
men have, to all intents and purposes,
lived their lives as thoroughly as thousands
with their eyes have done. We
have heard of sightless travelers .and ,
writers innumerable. There were Milton,
Prescott, the historian; Huber, the naturalist,
and Braille himself, t"> quote only
a few that occur to me. Dr. Armitage,
again, has traveled far and wide, frequently
visiting most of the European
centres, where he could acquire information
and, so to speak, see for himself how
the blind are eduoated and cared for. Two
years ago he made a prolonged journey
through the States of America with tlio
same object, though he did not fail to
enjoy the pleasures of travel for its own
sake. Only in very rare instances in the
future need there bo any occasion for allowing
a sightless person to become a
! burden to his family or the charity of
the benevolent?"the night cometh when
i no man can work." Then, of course, the
blind, if they have not acquired resources
of their own, must be provided for. a
A f flm onmo f !mn if nonnrkf Ka I
AJLU WUV IJUUtU AV WttUllWU UU ^iUUSUlU
i that they do not require immense assist- j
anee throughout. It is on account of
this assistance not having been hitherto ^
always rendered upon a wise and logical (
system that so many mistaken ideas have (
prevailed as to what arc the real capabil1
ities of the blind.?Fortnightly Review ^
The Largest Cotton Planter. 1
Since the death of Col. Edward Rich- ^
ardson of Missisippi, Mr. C. M. Neil of j
. Pine Bluff, Ark., is, perhaps, the largest f
r cotton planter in the South. He was born
; in Alabama and is only thirty-eight years ^
[ of age. In 1860 he went to Arkansas
penniless and went to work on a farm, j
[ He is now president of the First National
I Bank of Pine Bluff and has 12,000 acres
of cotton in cultivation. He owns three
largo stores nna a railroad twenty-six L
miles in length, all of which runs through *
one of his plantations. He is now build- 8
ing another road forty-two miles in length 8
' through his plantations. Mr. Neil's
> wealth is estimated at $8,000,000. Re- *
cently he advanced to one person $06,000.
> The moment he heard of the Hot Springs *
. fire he forwarded 800 barrels of flour, 200
I barrels of cornmeal, 20,000 pounds of 1
beef, besides clothing, Ac., for the bene- r
fit of the sufferers.?Baltimore Sun. 1
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_ 1 II
SCIENTIFIC SCHAPa.
Vaseline has been found by Dr. Duns
to exert no harmful effects upon;
>gs, although its use for butter in food1
eparations was lately condemned by a
rench hygienic commission.
Very singular eyes have been found in
new crustacean, taken by the Norwcan
North Atlantic dredging expedition,
heso organs have concave outer surfaces,
icy are attached close together, and
icy have no specific coloring matter.
An clcctric-liglit dynamo in London is
riven by a steam engine which is said to
iakc twelve thousand revolutions per
linutc, and is claimed to be the first mo>r
ever made to work at the actual veicity
of the steam as it cscapes from the
oiler.
Most toads end frogs producc tlicir
oung from the egg, but in several induces
the progeny brought forth
live. "When the period of incubation
as passed the young toad breaks out of
is shell in the same manner that a chickcn
oes. The special distinction between
rogs and toads is the excessive developicnt
of the hinder legs in frogs.
Endurance of Climatic Variations.?
l scientific Frenchman, Marquis de
tadaillac, estimates that Europeans can
ndure temperatures as widely apart as
35 degrees at least. Thus, on Janimrv
5, 1683, two vessels in the lvala sea
/ere exposed to a cold of eighty-live deuces
below zero, while in the country
f the Touaregs, in Central Africa, Ducyrier
has known the tlierinometer to
isc as high as 153 degrees.
An English physiologist, Mr. F. "NT. E.
Jreen, remarks that the function of
ncmory has not been decisively localized,
>ut there are reasons for hoping that its
>articular place in the brain may some
lay be quite exactly known. To culti'atc
the memory Mr. Green recommends:
'Concentrate your attention, classify and
:ondcnse, make associations, substitute
etters for figures, and localize your
dcas."
The moisture of the atmosphere will
)crmeate the pores of wood much more
apidly the way the tree grew than it
vould in the opposite direction. Mi:roscopical
examination proves that the v
lores invite the ascent of moisture while
hey repel its decent. T-iko the familiar
:asc of a wooden bucket. Some of the
itaves appear to be entirely saturated
vliile others aje apparently dry. The
eason is that the dry staves are in the
losition the tree grew, while the saturated
ones are reversed.
A Ilolfc of the Middle Ages.
"Andorra" is an independent state in
ho Pyrenees, adjoining the Spanish
irovince of Lercdo. It is not dependenf
ipon cither France or Spain and has been
elf-governing since the time of Charlenagne.
The great monarch recognized
he Andorrans" because they helped him
igains^ the Moors. This little state has
in area of about GOO square miles and a*,
istimated population of 7000. Those
vho indulge in dreams as to what the
uture may bring forth believe that it ia
he fate of modern Europe to break u\
nto small communities which will be
elf-governing locally while acknowltding
a central authority, which
vould dominate the "Western "World.
ine most p?rtect lorrn of democracy
:nown to ancicnt or modern times waS
he New England town meeting. The
leighbors in the local cities met and
nanaged their own affairs. This seems
o be impossible in densely populated
sities. But the dream of all consistent
Democrats is that the authority of the
:entral power should not interfere with
he self-government of the different
ocalitics. These pigmy governments,
ike Andorra and Monaco, which have
iomo down from the Middle Ages, are
ypes of the decentralized governments
if fhn fiifnrn Whawi
r* AUVU&V, A' / Wl/lr X/(///((// C0& 0*
rablo of the Calkcr and tho Shark.
A Ship Calkcr who was at Work on i
staging had the Misfortune to fall into
he Sea, and he had scarcely Struck the
UVatcr when a Shark put in an Appcarinco
and said:
"It was very Kind of you Indeed, but
^ou arc such a Small Chap, you know."
"I'll go Aboard and Ask the Cook,
vho weighs Two Hundred Pounds, to
>orac down in my Place," Answered thu
talker.
"Thanks, and He Needn't be at all Paricular
to Remove his Tobacco-box or
3oots."
When the Calker was safely Aboard he
Hocked at the Shark, and a Turtle on a
Jock Pulled down his Vest and Soliloquized
:
Moral: "When I Step over a Dime to
jook behind it for a Quarter T ahull T5*
>cct to Dine on Wind."?Detroit 1Tree
?ree?.
'
A Tonng Musical Critic. f
Littlo Mamio was returning with her
nother and father from a "piano racial"
by a celebrated virtuso who had created
considerable musical enthusiasm
imong his audience.
"Didn't ho play the piano exquisitelyI"
he mother.
"Ho did indeed," answered Mamie's
9 \
ather.
"Play it I" exclaimed Mamie, "why,
namma, ho looked to me a good de^
fioro as if he was working it and rea
lard, too."?Merchant Traveler.
i ' v