Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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THE PEOPLE'S JOURNA VOL II.-NO. 10. PICKENS. S. C., THURSDAY, APRIL i or ONE DOLLAR A YRAR THI CAPTURE OF AGUINALDO. Funaton'. Daring Exploit-The In surgent Chief is Taken in His Mountain Retreat. ' The capture of Aguinaldo, insurgent chief of the Filipinos, was effected on the 23rd of March. 11e was taken in his hiding place among the mountain fastnesses in the province of Isabella. Gen. Frederick Funston, of Kansas, Is the captor of Aguinaldo, who was betrayed by an officer of his staff and was inveigled by treachery into the snare oet for him. The capture has been fully confirmed, and the war department has been In formed by Gen. McArthur that he holds the leader of the insurgents as a prisoner in his own residence at Ma nilla. The details of the capture have not benn received at the department. President McKinley very naturally is much gratified that the chief mover in the insurrection has been taken. It has been the opinion of the military authorities for a long time that Aguin aldo was doing more than all the other agencies combined to keep the rebellion in the Philippines alive, and every en ergy was directed to compass his cap ture. It is rather a remarkable tribute to the daring and resourcefulness of General Funston that long before he made the capture he was selected as the oflicer who might accept it. It was the intention of General Fun ston some time ago to return to the United States, but by direction of the war department he was detained in the Philippines in the hope that just such a contingency as did arise should give him tlu opportunity to test his prowess. Both the President and war department were fully informed of the trap laid to capture the insurgent chief, and the result of the expedition has been anxiously awaited for several days. The disposition of Aguinaldo, now that he has been apprehended, will be an interesting one for the administra tion to determine. The possibility of his capture at any time always had been kept in view and that of his future has been a matter of discussion by the officials in Washington. It is not be lieved, how3ver, that any definite line of action was ever determined upon in regard to the matter. The attitude of the government for a long time past has been one of comparative indiffer ence to Aguinaldo's capture, it having bAer determined to crush the rebellion without regard to his whereabouts. Ilis recent activity in directing the course of operations against the Amer ican forces probably brought about the recent change in this attitude. As the leader of an insurrection against the United States government Aguinaldo may lie tried and executed, or a lesser punishment meted to him by executive clemency, or complete annesty extended. While the question of punishment tests with the military authorities, it is believed the President will make the matter one for determi nation primarily by the authorities in this country. The province of Isabella, where the capture of Aguinaldo occurred, is on the island of Luzon, about 200 miles northeast of Manila and about seventy five miles north of Baler, on the east ern coast, which place was made mem orable by the capture of Lieutenant Gilmore and his party from the gun boat Yorktown in A pril, 1899. Isabella province is wild and mountainou3, especially along the coast, where the high range, known as the Grand Cor dellinas Oriente, oxtetids for a hundred miles or mote from north to south, the highest point of the range being but a few miles from the shore. Rugged trails in some places bat a foot or two in width lead across the mountains frequently crossed by rush ing streams, andi where these ovei flow their banks the trails are waist deep) in mud. It was to this uninviting district that General Funston and his small band went a short time ago. It was a part of the island~ that had never been visited by American troop~s. General Funston's plans as outlined in a dispatch from Manila to the As sociated Press a few days ago, were to make the trip over the Isabella mnoun tains to Aguinaldo's hiding place aic companled by Surgeon Harris, Captain Newton, of the Thirty-fourth infantry: Lieutenant Admire, of the T wenty second Infantry: Lieutenant Mitchell, of the Fortieth infantry; six veteran scouts andI a company of native scouts, all picked men. They were to be land ed by the gunboat Vicksburg on a re mote beach north of Baler and weore to proceed overland guidIed by a former oficer of Aguinaldo who had betrayed to Funston the Filipino leader's abode. To deceive the enemy it was arrang ed that Aguinaldo's representative, who had given the information to the Americans, should lead the native scouts and assume the character of in surgents still loyal to the rebel cause. They were to make It appear that they had captured General Funston andl other American officers of high rank, and were bringing them into the camp of the insurgent chief to be delivered as prisoners of war. Then was to come i'he daring part of the plan. The pre tended prisoners were to throw aside their assumed character anti meta morphose themselves from prisoners to captors, seize Aguinaldo, beat down any opposition that might show itself and hold their prisoner. To carry out the programme required a long march Into the Interior, and never-ceasing caution to guardi again treachery. The troops in New Vizcaya and New fleija and1 the gunboats Vicksburg and Albany wore ordered to co-operate with the capturing party. The news of Aguinaldo's capture in dicates clearly that the plans of (Ion oral Funston were carried out suc cessfully. The present plan of the war depart ment contemrnplates maintenance of an army of 50,000 men in the Philippines until order has been completely es. tablished under the proposed new civil government and the garrison can safe ly be reduced to a peace footing. There are now about 65,000 troops in the Philippines and Chiua, and the origin al plan was to maintain an army of 60,000 men in the Philippines until a stable government had been establish. ed. The plan was to replace the vol unteers, numbering about 25,000, with regulars to an extent suflicient to keep up all existing garrisons throughout the archipelago, but it has been found to be impracticable to do so under ex isting conditions within the short time Intervening before the 1st of July next, when the entire volunteer army must be diebanded. The failure of the plan: is due to the lack of available oflicers in this country to organize the new regiments authorized by Congress and not so much to the difliculty of re cruiting the regiments THE LEADER OF THE INSURGENTS. Aguinaldo, probably more than any warrior of the latter day, has won ad miration from the public by running from the enemy. Whether his conduct has been attributed to cowardice or the part of valor that is in evidence when superior forces are in front has not been definitely settled in the American heart, but Aguinaldo has been admired for his obstinacy, his refusal to show himself, and, it might be said, his good fortune in keeping out of range. The rebel chief is yet in the middle of the thirties, said to be strong pliysi cally, though small of stature, possess ing a clever head and cool in times of peril. The fact that he was betrayed by a member of his staff cause many to believe that he was unpopular, rul ing with an iron hand, an object of plots and schemes ; others, more char itable, may say it was only a fortune of war and that he was the victim of treachery in his own camp because his followera knew better than he that the end was at hand and resistance was folly. Sentiment-that popular rorco that swells in every American heart-doubt less is for Aguinaldo today. Few there would b who would consent to capital punishment. Some there are who re gard him as of little danger. It is said his strength has been broken; his in. fluence gone. For the present, these speculations as to the man and his fate will be of interest, to say the least. Of his fam ily, his life, his war doings, little is known. le first came into promi nonce as insurgent chief. THE MAN WHO MADE CAPTURE. General Funston comes from fight- I ing blood. Ilis father was a soldier be- I fore him. Being disappointed at get ting a cadetship in West Point, Fun ston was educated at the Kansas State University. He served on several I government expeditions in the West. I At the lime of the Cuban insurrection 4 he served with the natives. I The first time Funston attracted i general public attention was in the Philippines as a colonel of the Kansas < Volunteer regiment. In April 1899, he was campaigning in North Luzon. r The Filipinos were in strong eiitrench ments at Coluinpit, which is situated3 on the north bank of the Rio Grande.1 in the face of a stingmng fire, General I Funston and his nervy Kansas regi ment swamn the river, carrying with I them a large rope. This rope was tied to a tree on the enemy's bank and was I usedl as a kind of ferry to drag over boats loadled with soldiers. With these reinforcements General Funston madei a fierce assault on the trenches of the enemy and routedl them. TLhe Filipi nos, after retiring some distance, re formed and another battle ensued, in which they were again forced. In 1900 General Funston got pos session of a numb~er of letters indicat ing Aguinaldo's treachery andl intimat ing that lie was receiving encourage ment from people in the United States who were unfriendly to the admini stration. Atone time in his first expedli tion General Funston was close upon Aguinaldo, but the wily Filipino knew the country hetter than the Americans andl escaped in the mountains. THE HOPE~ OF THIS WORLD Bill Arp Talks About Family In fluences in Good Government. The family is the most important in stitution upon the earth. It is the hope of the worldl. Its influence is greater than that of kings, emperors or cabinets. Parents and children gathieredl around the hearthstonies in separate familhes make up communit ies, andl they make States and nations and choose their rulers. As the families are, so is the government-go' (d or bad --men-unmarriedi men arc merely individulals and1 feel no great responsi bility outside of their individual com-~ fort and welfare. But parents are concernedl for their children. We live for thoem and would dlie for them, con sequently we want good government that will protect them. lBut it is not every family who feels this dleep con cern. From my windioW I see the homes of my neighbors and can count on my fingers those whose presence is a safeguard to the community, and the rest are of but little consequence. If they wore to move away it would not add to. ur peril. So it is in all comn munmt . The few protect the many. So it ni in church and State. Twenty meimb fa of our Legislature control it. legation. Ten iiembers of ai averag church Imiemlbershipi) give the church i character. Sodom. was destroyed b( Cause tenl good men could not b found. If all nien were good w would have no need of courts or pr sons. But for every church that set on a hill (here is a jail in the valle I hear the preacher calling and the be tolling from the one, and imagine hear the devil calling from the othe1 and he cries out as the sergean(s did i the old muster language, " Oh, yes 0Oh, yes! All who belong to Captail Satan's company parade here." An the people are going and coming a the time, some to one call and more t the other. But as the devil can't b heard afar off, he goes about calling and even invades the sanctuary an calls aloud while the preacher is preach ing. " Man never erects a house of prayer But what the devil builds a pulpit three, And 'twill be found upon examination The devil has the largest congrega'ion Ilis pulpit is always at the rear en( where the young people love to sit and you can tell how popular lie is b; Lhe number who sit there. I was ruminating about this famil; institution and its great importance it Lhe world becauie I have been read ing about it in the Apocrypha, which i tn one of our family Bibles. I hear< i preacher say once that a Bible witl ,he Apocrypha in it should not stay it [is house. Well, it took 1,820 yeari ,o exclude it from the Protestant Bible md most of it is inl the Roman Catho ic Bible yet. What is called a sacred yanon was not established until the iixteenth century, and for centuricE efore that almost every great theolo vian had his own catalogue of inspire(I >ooks as he believed them. For 30( years only ten of Paul's epistles wer< idmitted. rhe Book of St. Jamue ind the Revelation of St. John wer< ixcluded. So were Esther and Daniel ind Jonah in the Old Testament Luther tried to have Hebrews, an( James, and Jude, and the Revelatimn )f St. John excluded, but failed. Bu ill differences of opinion seem to havi been harmonized at the council o rrent by all Christians and the Apo .rypha was left in, not as an inspire< ?art, but to be read for religious in struction. In 1826 it was excluded from th Protestant Bible, but, it remains ir many of the old time family Bible md i< in one of mine. I dare to perus t, sometimes, especially "The Wisdon >f Jesus the Son of Sirach," which if salled Ecclesiasticus, which has fifty .hapters and is as full of maxims an( norals and instruction for the family is are the Proverbs of Solomon. Ad lison says that if this book had beer eft in the canon, or if it had the nan )f some great Greek philosopher, it vould have commanded the admira ion of mankind. To my mind it if he condensation of wisdom for family ,overnment. It is as pointed and pun. ,ent as anything that Solomon evel wrote. This Jesus was a better mai han Solomon. le lived and wrot( 100 years after Malachi, the last of th< )rophets. In the close of his narra ive concerning Moses and the propp its, he says of Solomon: " By hif )ody he was brought into subjectior mud didst stain his honor and pollutI uis seed and brought wrath upon hi :hildren, and his kingdom was (livid id." I never did have a profound ad niration for a man who said, "Rejoice. )h, young man, in the wife of thj 'outh, and be thou always ravishet vith her love," and thben goes off an< narries 300 wives and takes 700 coin ubines. His preeplts were good, hu is example was bad, very bad. My loctrine has always been that, a mat as no more right to two wives than r woman has to two husbands. Let hing tand lby his marriage vows. This it he injunction of Jesus, the son ol Sirach. As a sample of his wisdlom lel ne quote: " A man that breaketh his wedllock maying, 'Who seeth me; ami I mnoi 30mpassedl about with darkness,' h< Eorgetteth that the eyes of the lI ori mire ten thousand times brighter thai Lhe sun.' " Blessed is he who hath a virtuou wife, for the number of his days shah be doubled." "A silent and loving woman is gift, from the Lord." " A fool will pmeep~ in at the door c the house, but lie that is well nurture will stand without." " Do not banquet upjon horrowe money." "Commend not. a man for his ou ward appearance, for many kingi hay sat down upon the ground, and on that was never thought of hath wvor the crown." " A friend cannot be known in p)rol perity, andl an enemy cannot be hidi adlversity." "Use not much the company of woman who is a singer lest thou b capturedl with her voice.'' "Rejoice not over thine enemy wvhio he is dead." " Lend not to him who is hight than thyself, but if thou lendest cour it lost." '' Sit not, down with the wife olf ax other man in thine arms, for it wi bring t~hee to dlestruction." SMy son, help thy father in his ol age and thou shalt have joy in thir own children." " Have no fellowship with those wl: are mightier and richer than thiysel for how can (lie earthen kettle and tl pot agree." "When a rich mani speaketh eve man hioldeth his tongue and extol it the clouds, but if a p)oor man spea they say, 'What fellow is this?" " Build not a house with anoth man's money, for it is like gatherit stones for the tomb of thy burial." 3 " A thief is better than i common a8 liar." " Accustom not thy mouthii to swear o ing nor to the naming of the Lloly 0 On1e." 1- " Against him that iw niggard of his ,s moat his neighbor shall murinur. " Kee) a sure watch over a shame 1i less daughter lest sh-3 make thee a I laughingstock and a byword in the city and a reproach among the people." I Whether this book be inspired or I not, it is full of devotion to God and a gratitude for Iis goodness. The Old I Testament Hebrews canon was made I u, and closed before this Jesus lived > or perhaps Ecclesiasticu2 would have 1 been ombraced in it. It is certainly entitled to as much consideration as I Solomon's Song, for there is not a vul gar or lascivious expression in it. This much about the Apocrypha will answer some inquiries I have received, two of them from preacheis. 1 have a long letter from m1y old friend, Bishop Turner, concerning that recent publication of William Hannibal Thomas; that bill of ind ictment against the negroes of his Viown race. Ile de nounces Thomas. hlis opinion is that someo learned while man wrote the book and paid Thomas for the use of his name. Ire says this is the opiaion of those in South Carolina who know this scapegallows. lie says " 1 ani well acquainted with him; knew him (luring the war in front of Richmond. where some Southern hero s1iot off one of his arms, and it is a pity le did not shoot his head off. lie is now receiv ing an exorbitant pension fron tie United States government. If there c wa money paid to a dog, it is paid to him. If the white people of the South knew half as much about his rascality and villainy as he has told me, they would seek his blood. If our preachers are so bad as lie repro sents them, what did 1he sop for and join the party of the devil. Ile was one of the preachers of the devil. IlIe was one of the preachers of my church and will be until hell opens her arms to receive him," etc., etc. I have been following Bishop Turn er's course ever since the war, and have never known aught against him as a man or a Christian. In the year 1860, when our people at Rome were unler the oppression of a Spanish captain, one De lulMesa, Bishop Turner acted as a mediator and tried to make our condition more tolerable. Ile made a speech at iRese's Spring, near Rome, that we all .coimiended, and did his utmost to prevent that Span= lard from exercising his foul domina tion and tyranny. Ever since then his pen and voice has been for peace between the races. I am pleased to speak of him as "my friend." BiL, Am. GHOSTS DROVE THEM AWAY. The Occupants of an Old Home Flee in Terror. The Richmond Times says that ghosts have caused a Nordhern family, who have lived nlear that city for live years, to give up theii beautifull home and go back to Buffalo, N. Y., from whence they came. The stories which the former re sidents of the old place tell of the sup crnatural nanifestations are calculated to shake the nerves of any onie at all inclined to believe that. the spirits of the (lead revisit tile scenes of earth. The sinceerity of the belief of the r'e cent, occup~ants of the pr~operity in the stories wvhich they told of the wondler ful maniifestatins witnessed in the 01l1 house is attested by the fact that on last Friday they fled to tihe railway station andi boarded a northibound~ train, not, oven taking from tihe house8 a change of clothing. Everythimg-clothing, furniture, bric-a-brac, books-is in the house to dlay, andI will remlainl theme for some1 time to come. It, is pretty certulinl that tbe owners will not return to claim their proplerty. The whole story is one of thle most, remarkable ever hleardl in Richmond. It 1has excitedI great, interest. Thell p~oiroin of the city lyimg nearest tile beautiful 01(d plce is naturally mo1(st inlterestedl ill the strange stor) of thle supernatural, which, If nlot true, was 1so strongly believed by tho4se who thouight, thley sawl tile learful nplpari ftions that they lIed ill terror, and~ crc Itiis have p~ut hundreds0(1 of miles be= tween thlem and~ tile hoime inl whlich they spent several years of happiness. The story of tile ghost is nlot very well connected. It was not, goeneraully known until two or thlree days ago, ewhen the algenlt whlo sold the occupants ithe property received an intiimation that ali was not righlt at tihe hiomstead. - 'lie next day 110'was visited by tile a widlowedi mothler, nearly seventy years years of age, and 11cr 8son and his wife, a ilo lived with heCr. They were ini a e state of great excitomoint, indleed it, Iwas some time before thle agenlt could( a understamnd the cause of tlhe trouble. T1he ladies andl thle genitlenman wore r absolutely corroborative inI thleir stories. t They saidl that, the formler owner of the place, a gentflemanl who has been -dead1 twenty years. or more, aiid who II was one ot the best known men in this sectionl, was driving thleml from tile I place whichi used1 to beC iis home1. lie e appearedl to themi every (lay anld every nlight. lIn forii lie was terrilhe. The o memory of hlis eyes as they appeared -, to the ladies and gentleman almost e0 drove theCm (list racted. Tlheoy describe)d( them as (dartinig blinin~ifg fire, 11ashling 'y with a light at once dazzling and1( ter o rifying. k, Tile d augier-in-lawv seems to havi had thle n~ost intimate acrluamltanlc< ,r with thle supernatural visitant. Bu ig tile father andl mother tell storiei equally thrilling. U~pon one occasior a young lady from Goochland County was visiting the home. A day or two after her arrival the young lady in a greatly agitated[ trame of mind told her hostess that the spirit of the form er owner of the house had appeated to her and told tier that, a treasure was buried iear the house, describing the location with utmost exactness. The lady could hardly describe to the agent the scene which followed. She said the spirit of the man who had owned the place lat once sptang upon the young woman and it seemed that he would kill her. 11er eyes pro tuded from tier head and she was til most strangled when the spirit released her. A day or two aftei, the spirit, which was not visible to the young lady, led tier to the brink of the well at the back of the house and she was on the )oint of walking blindly in When1 one of tie family to whom the spirit was plainly visible, seiz.ed tier and diaggedj tier back. On Thursday motning of last week, accordiig to the story which was toldl the agent by the young man, lie dis covered that the spirit was on the point of springing upon tihe little baby in the i eradle when the father scized it and ( dragged it away. Many other stories of the visits of < the spirit were told. The tenant of i the Io)perty Said lie always told thiemi that if thitey would leave the premises t forever he wonl:l cease to troul)le them. lie vowe(l that lie could Iot rest in his t grave so long as Northern people lived inl his home. The agent laugzhed at all these stories, of course, ait finally induced his visitos to go back to their home. i They had been gone but a few ninutes, j when they retuine-i in greater agita- t tion than before. They declared that e the spirit of the overseer of the formuer owner of the property had met them i, some distance from the house and t wai ned them that if they entered the I mauston again they would be torn ill pieces by his employer. The 1man1 and women were in a stato of great. terror. The gentleman de- s clared that he Would liever cnter tli house again. The agent tried to dis- I Euade him from his pil:ose to desert, I hi, pretty home, but in vain. The I upshot of the wshole matter was that the agent loaned the gentleman $1570, and when the shadowa of night fell about the Old mansion the aged moth er, her son aml wife, and their child ren were being taken rapidly away from the scene of what was to them a most terrible experience. The flight occurred on Thursday. That night the old house was deserted. Friday morning the agent employed a man to sleep in the premises. Bright and early the next iorniig the agent went out to see how how his Man had spent, the night. The latter declared he had never rested better. If lhe, was distt bed last night nothing was heard from it. While going around the premises the agent found that the occupants of the property had dug several deep holes i the cellar searching for treas tire, and a pit, perhaps forty feet in depth, had been sunk in the yard, also put down in search of buried gold or silver. The family were all spiritualists. They had some kind of machine, used to help them talk to visitaiits from the spirit world. Tihe whole story is in every way most remarkable and wholly inecxplicaible. A great many white uf the neighborhood a e miost wrought up. One niegro womuan is said to have succeedled in getting a hundred dloliars from the owniers of the property under promiises to drive away the ghosts. FACTS ABOUT PRE~SIDENTS. Interesting Statemnent Regarding the Lives of Our Rulers. TIhe (loath of ex-P resident Unrrison (directs attention st ronagly to the P'resi deontial ofico andt the lives of its in. cumnbenits. Washington dIiedl withini less thani three years after his retire-. mient, and durinig the term of his sue cessor, J1olin Adams, whilst .John Adiamas outlived his three successors-| Th'lo'inas .Jeffersoin, Jamnies Mladisoni and James14/ Moniioc--and~ was presenit, as history tells us, ait the inuugurationi of his soni, J1olin Quincmy Adamis, in 1825, and (lied du ring the inesid e ncy oh his son, .Johin Quiniey Adlams, at the ad vaiieed age of iiinety-one years, on Julmy 4I, 1826. No other ex-P'residenit reachedl such an ad vancedh age, or suir vivedl so long after leaving the Presi ideiitial otlic, for more t han a quarter of a century elapsed between .Johin Adhams' retiremienit from the P residen tial otlice, in 1801 , and his (heath, Juely 4I, 1826. Th'lomas Jefferson reachied the ripe age of eighty-three and survived more than seventeen vyears aifter his P'resi dlential term ended0(, (lying on the same (lay of John Adlamns, his inmmediate predlecessor, Ju ly 4, 1826. James Madlisoni died in 1836, or more thani mnetceen years afteor he loft, the P resi dency. Mr. AMomroe dlied at sevemnty three years of age, ini 1831, within about, six years alter his term enaded. Johnm Quinecy Adamis (lied at the age of eighty-onc, in 18-18. AMr. Adams dlied in the hall of the House of Rtepresen tatives at Washingtoni, of which he had beon for many years a mlembher after his termi as P'resi-lenit endedo~. Andrew .Jackson died at, thme 11er mitage, Tenn., at the age of sevenity eight, in June1, 1845, or just about eight years after his term as lPresmdemit enuded, whilst, Martin Van Buren lived to the ripe age of eighty and1( died at Kinderhook, ini New York, in 1862, or just twenty-one years after lhe was President,. Wiliami Iiinrv Harrison, his SiIce8sor, died in, office at the aim of sixty-oight, and John, Tyler, wi succeeded him, diei at the age of sey enly-two in It ich mond in I862, o nearly eighteen years after he pa1%sse( out of office. Jaines K. Polk died a the age of !Ifty-eight, and within oi hundred days aftert his tenn had endel Zachary Taylor died in ollice at the at of sixty-six at Washington in 18. after serving about one year and tlire months as President. Millard Fillmore died at the am-e c seventy-four, and lived about twenlt3 DOne years after his term ended. Frank in Pierce lived about twelve year After lhe went out of oflice, and die it. the age of sixtv-lve, in 1869. Jame iucharian diod ii 1868, or seven year Ifter going out of clhiec, at tle age o ieventy-seven. A braham Lincoln wat 1asaisslinattcd during his second term it the age of fifty-six years. Andrev Mlohnon, Mr. Linicolnl's successor, 0 iet n 1875, just six years after leaving he Presitency, at the age of sixty 'even. AMr. J ohInsoIn at the time of his leath wai U iited IStates Senator from iennessee. (wiir (I,' who iexi :aIme to the I'residency, Idied in 1885, I little over eight, years after tile end >f his Presidential te mn, and it the uge of sixty-three. Ilayes paisited ou. >f ofilee as President in 1881 and diedl i 1893, living nearly twelve yea"n ifter his tern ended. ( artlehd wa hot by Gui'.eau, and was Presidetit mily about six months, and if alive o-day would be only seventy yeart ld. lie ins been dead very nearly wenty years. Arthur lived about i car after ie went, out, of the l'resi, ency, dying at tihe age of fifty-six Old niow General Ilarrison is (eal, list eight, years after his Presidential urmz ended, and at the age of' sixty ight, years. The youngest m1ian ever' chosen l'res lent was (G'rant, at forty-eight, and he oldest one was William hlenry Ilarisoni, who was sixty-eight. Only ve 'resilents weie over sixty years t the time of the inauguration-.John tdatus, sixty-two; Andrew Jackson, ixty-two; W. II. lIarrisonsixty-iight 'achaty Taylor', sixty-five, and .11lmes iichaaumn, sixty-six. The average of ife en joyed by ex- slresidents has heen t little less t han teln year5s after pass ng out of power, whilst the aver'age tge at which i/resilents have entered .p1 their' oflice has beeni about fifty .irec jears and eight muonthis. Mc. Kinley was just about the age of fifty. .hree when inaugurated. President IIarrison during his ad ninistiation of four yeairs had tit a1niijue disti nction of signing acts fi Jie adiiSSioln of six Staets into tle Uinion-North andt Smti Dakota \tontania, I(laih, Washi ngtoni and Wyoning. No other President signet lcts ad(iltinIg so 111uniy States. l'resi, lent Cleveland, who pieceded and ucceeded him, signeil only one act or the admission Of a State, that for be entrance of Utah into the Iimon n 1890. It lmay he obseirved that tile ix States admittled into the Union inl 889-90 durinr IIarrison's administra ion and Which nlow have twelve Jnited States Senators, had altogether, icording to the Un11ited States censim >f 1900, less popullation by 150,000 Ieople than the State of Vir'ginia. Of the twenty-four 'residenits of tht Unit ed States onie-hlalf, 01' twelv'e, wer' born ill V i'giniia anid Ohio, 'Virg~ini; being the birthplace of seveni an1) Ohio of Iivie-Washt~ington, .1 eflferson Madison, Monrioe, Wilhami llenr' II arrison, .1ohn Tyle and Zachar Tlaylor being born in \'irgiia, wluibl Grant, iilayes, G arfield , I Iairrison ani Mc~i.inley were born in Ohio, an1 three, Audi ew ,Jackson, .James K Polk *rmd Andrew Johnson, were boir iln Nor'th Cariiolinia. And so it har pens1 that of the twenty-fouri Pres~iidt three States -- Virginia, Ohio an< ~Nor'th Car'ol ina-have tihe honor1 4) being file birthplaces of fifteen o hiemi.-HIuihm oml Ti'mes. Tlhe Souifth offers .excellent advant iges foir su1ccessiful dair'ying. It has hle climate and( 1the soils tmat pro(duci lie imost Ilux uriant gr'owthls of pas5ture is well as forage cirops, and1( to this~ ma' 'e added the additional fact that p~astuir Ige il one wiay and1( anothier way Ib Iecured0( thirouigh at least ninle mionthI >ff lie year'. A wiide varliet~y oif cr1op fotr ensilage may be gr'own , and1( th lenigthI of the growing seasoni wti l e able these cr'ops to reach miatulrity bit fore beinag t urned in to the su o. I10 stemtt (If payinig high prices foir lan as8 is the case ini Ithe NoirthI, It can b, puirchlased ait mu ichi lowel' figurles. I IuLI nin ig wvater1 isi purle and1( aundant. fThI markets aire good, ther'e binig at hoc miarkelt for1 mu ich more thanii is pr'odih ed att the( presen01t time.C-'oi(ther Iin vaious1 parts (of te South imuLit hope1( is elxpressed1 for'I ~ thiccess of thi latest (organi ization (of cottonii-gr'osvers dlesignedci to mduce1(X harmoniu ac11 ntio4 for' the mia Inltonaniice of pr'iccs of t I stalple. Thei pl an looks to the cairefi col lection and( lomupilaition . f sti stit of thie aieeage, condiliItn of the cro'II ait, vaii'ous8 stages, and( (lie publJilitio of speia~lI ~l nforationl abuit thie statt~ (of the nmarket. This is wvell and goc if it caln be (don1 to the satisfaction< several thiouisand growers, or of a sutl cient, iinmber of' (them1 to inflUum mIater'ially the crop m~ lovement. Su por't of it, however, must not bie 1W mlittedl to weaken the itmipulse towa r'aisinig one0'S own necessaries at hr 11 The room iln the State Ihouse whi is to be use d1 by the D~aughters of I Confederacy for their relic room is ni being cleared out 'o. hi me. 0 ut No Lk V. crop - can be grown without Potash. Supply enough Pot ash and your profits will be large; without Potasi your crop. will be "scrubby." Our iuoks, tellin aIbit Como1)sicion of fertilizers "St asialtd for all V rops, are- free-4 to) al11rmr1 GERMIAN KAL.I w(RKS, ,it N-satm St., NewYr. HISTORY OF VACCINATION. How the Discovery of the Pre ventive Virus Was Made and Applied During tho eighteenth century it was common talk among tihe country people of Engliid ind Scotland that milkers of cows never had the small pox. At at time when this disease was one of the scourges of Europe such a fact naturally attracted attention. Physicians in the cities did not regard the country inotion as worthy of notice. When aIn epidemic threatened they in ocilated healthy persons with small pox virus to give them the disease. Thein it was treated from the start uinder ifavorable conditions. The chief effect of tie miethod was to make the inoculated person certain he was to be seriously ill, while the uninoculated night possibly escape. -Jonathan Ed wards was ole of the famous victims of inloculitioni. It was left, for an obscure country physician, Dr. Jenner, to recognize the scientilic importance of the farm tradition about the immunity of milk er. Ily his experiments in 1796 he proved that inoculationi with cowpox virus carried protection against small pox. lie wrote a pamphlet on his ex. perlimeits and sent it to the Royal Col. Iege of Physicians i oudon. The manuiicript was returnled with a con temriptioius reply. The discovery was of too great importaince not to make an iimpression, and during the fifth year after this first vaccination Jenner and other doctors vaccinated 10,000 per. son1s inl Enighnid. In spite of teio success of the pro. cess there were many in the early pait of the century who doubted its eflicacy. The experience of the last thirty years has demonstrated the value of vacci nation beyond tihe possibility of doubt. In (hemnitz, Germany, a city of 64,000 inhabitants, there was a smallpox epidemic in 1870-71. A bout 54,000 of the inhabitants had been vaccinated. Only 1.8 per cent of them contracted the disease. Of the unvaccinated more than -t per cent were ill. Among the vaccinated less than 1 per cent of the cases resulted fatally. Among the unprotected the percentage was above 9 . Statistics of the armies in the IFiranco-P'russian war show the same general results. The (German soldiers were carefully vaccinatedI, while the - French were not. During a wide tIspread1 eIi(ndeic of smallpox the Ger man lost only 45~0 men from the disease, 1while thre French lost 23,400. In -general it hans beenr shown that the daniger of infection is six times as great aind thre mortality sixty-eight times as Sgreat in unvacciniated as ini the vac ciniated. Vaccination is complulsory through out most of I~urop~e. In France the law is loosely enforced and1 The Lon don JDaily Mail is authority for the statement that 14,000 Frenchmen die annually from the d1isease, while it care off only 110 Germans a year. Teparent ofevery child born in IEngland nrmst, within six months after thre chmild's birth, have it vaccinated by a registeredl mredical practitioner or by thLie puiblic vaccinator. In case a parent belilieves vaccination will be harmful to hris chrld hre can secure exemption by .taking oath before two justices of the . pearce before the child is four months .0obl. By such stringent methods as these IEngland and other countries have p jrevented tire recurrrence of those epi . demicsi which were so dtisastrous a cen e tury ago. Th'le c'ase rs one where the Lounce of prevenition is wvorth several poundts of cure. Minnesota farm landls hiave advanced mnore( than 100 per cent. in value dur hr ing Lthe last, seven years. ~CASTORIA For Infants and Children. SThe Kind You Have Always Bought & 8gaturoej If SA NICE SPRING SUIT OF' CLOTHES WIll be gIven free to anyone who winl -sell only l00 packoe Seeds for un at 5c. r- each. NIo money required in advance. ed~ Writeusa postal saying you accept this offer, anid we will mail the Seeds to you at once. T. J. KING 00, Seedemen 'ReoMON4D, $A. ch f' St TIONS I PO3ITION8 t I NO OBJUOT. h Maro cails than we can possibi ll Guar utnte(, of positions baeked b ore )W unoxco 10(d. Enter any tIme. tOa logue free. idross. COLU MBIA BUSINESS '.0LlAGB.