The people's journal. (Pickens, S.C.) 1891-1903, May 17, 1900, Image 1
r"HE Evk-OPLE'SJORA
VOL lo.- . 1 PICKENS S. C., THURSDAY, MAY 17, LL A
10o0 t Readeils old
We in'vite You I
and boys W<
Our line of N
our Boys' Kic
Men's Pantsm fi
A complete lin
felt and st
The bes.M.5
Every hn
line of 1unhl
knowna to
We will take
best stock
4ection, atl
Yours trul1
SMITH &
GREI
FACTS ABOUT AN ECLIPSE.
A Giit1MAT ASTRONOMIUAb leV lENT.
Tatal Solar Fullpse Visible iii tle
tJ,,I~edI States May 28--Time Sin
Will Look Like a Hurning (andle.
New York Commercial Advertisar.
On May 28 of the present year we
shall have an oppoitunity to see an
uncooi mon astronomical occurrence.
The sun will be totally eclipsed, and
the event will be visible In parts of the
United States.
Occasionally, as we know, the moon
panes between us and thu sun, eutting,
otf the latter's light completely. This
we call a solar collipe. Luna ecllpses,
on the other hand, are caused by the
moon's reaching such a position that
the earth is directly between it ain
the sun. The moon has no inherent
brilliancy like the sun ; It shines only
by retliecting solar light.: and when
that light. is cut off, the moon simply
"goes out." Lut the sun is self-illuni
none, zrnd is In reality shining just the
same when under eclipse as at any
other time. In the former, the moon
having suddenly ceased to receive or
reflect light, the eclipse is observable
wherever the moon, if uneclipsed,
would be visible. lut at any given
moment we can usually see the moon
from one-half the earth's surface.
Consequently, if a lumar eclipse takes
place a majority of the earth's inhabi
tants have an opportunity to observe, it
and thus a lunar eclipse Is something
that almost any person can remember
to have seen. But it is very different
with the sun. As we have said, he
continues to give light when ectipsed,
so that- It is only in places where the
sun is actually covered uli by the moon
that he will seem to be eclipsed. The
moon under eclipse is like a candle
that tias been extinguished ; it is dark
from whatever side we look at it. But
the eclipsed sun Is like a burring
eandle', which will be Invisible to him
only whose view ia obstructed by the
interposition of some opaque object.
That opaque object Is the imoon.
But she is comparatively small and
cannot render the sun totally invisible
from more than a tiny circular or oval
spot on the earth's surface. In the
eclipse of May 28 that little spot wIll
be only about 75 mIles wide ; and if
the moon were not in motion the total
p)hase of the eclipse could be seen no
where else. But the moon Is travel
Ing all the time through space in its
orbit around the earth. So the little
spot is moving, too, and changing its
position gradually upon the earth's
surface. Thus, Instead of a spot, we
shall have a long strip or band about
75 miles wide ; and by waiting for the
right moment, it will be possible to see
* totality from any point within this
band. The whole thing Is much at
though there were a huge pencIl, with
its point touching the earth, and hay
.lng its other end pivoted to the sun. Il
'the moving moon were then also at
tached to this pencil somewhere near
the point, she would draw the penci
along, and the point would trace out
the eclipse path on our earth. Any
one standing In that path could. thet
look along the pencil, and at the pro
per moment see the moon coverIng the
sun and obscuring the light. in p)lacci
* situated near this path of totality, ai
* It is called, we shall be able to see tht
eclipse, but not as a total one. i''o
such places the moon will cover thi
sun only in part so that. seome of hi
brilliant surface will remain in sight
The amount of obscuration always de
peed. upon the observer 's nearness t<
the totality line. The nearer he Is
the more nearly total the eclipse wil
be.
On Mlay.28thjhe path of totality be
gins in the Pacific ocean just west c
Mexio. There the point of the hug<
* .pencil. we have imagined fi-rst touchel
our - arth. it then passes eastwar<
across Mexico, and entering the Unite<
* States near Now Orleans, proceeds k
a northeasterly direction until it leavel
the centinent close to Norfolk, Va
Trhen it crosses the Atlantic, touche
Portugal, and afterward pasees acresi
Northern Africa, leaving the eartl
tinally near the northern end of the
Rted sea. In this country the cities c
New Orleans, La., Mobile, Ala., Mont
gomnery, Ala., 1ileigh, N. C., and Nor
folk, Va., are all on the totality path
At New Orlearns the sun will be coml
pletely covered at 7:30 e. in., while a
Norfolk this will not happen until 8:5;
a. m. In the former cIty totality wI.
last 73 seconds, and in the latter 10
* seconde. At intermedIate placos beti
the time and duration of totality wil
fall between these -extreme values
-For pleces nearer to New Orleans thal
to Norfolk the numbers will be near
'IIe Jourtial:
) come to se its for ally thing that ilt
Cl's Suits ru1 'trom $l S.00 to .95.(H
e Pant Suits ,1.50 to $6.00.
,om1 81.00 to- $7.50.
e of Meu's and loys' llKts m11 hti1
raw goods.
0Shoe ma1 Ide for. mIten.
Ulnder-wear, amontg Which is lit. be.
uttdered l)ite siitils and colored shirt
the trade for 50 cents.
)leasure iti showing you throtgh tit
of goods il 4our line inl tlhe l'iedmllont
ilt e prius ar 1l right.
BRISTOW,
ENVIL.LE. S. C.
er those given for New )rleans, aur
vice versa.
Having thus explained the circum
stances of this ecipse, WO shall I:A
touch upon some of the interesuiuj
things that will be seen if the .ky i
cleat. Total sola' eclptises aliliea
cqunally to the general Iubti c aud ti
the professional astronomer. On th<
one hand. they present the moA -t
perb spectacle withiun the whole rangi
of astronony : and on the oth'er, the,
olfer the hbt opportutnity to StIldy t:n
mysterious structure and cornpqitiot
of our sun. Oneof the things Lo whil
atronoiers attach importance is it
accurate observation of the Limtiet: 0
b~eg i tini t) and ending of the eclip
It is Cacy to See t-hat the Uathetmatica
consideration upon which are basiec
our theories of lunar motion will bt
put to a very sv'evert test in predietinC
the exact instant when the sun wilt h
covered up by the moon. If observa
ion agrees wiitn prediction, we haive
the strougest corroborative evidenc
of the correctntess of our theory and o
out numerical calculations. tia th<
other hand, if it he found that-te pre
dictions are slight-ly in error, th
anount of that error can be determinet
by observation, and mnathemnatkia
theory thus corrected fot' the benctit o
flutr predictions. A Lhougi it iiu
knowledge in this department of as
tronomy has reached a very high bt,at<
of perfection, It is a fact that we can
not predict the times of cecl!pse toda3
without a possibility of error amtnount
Ing to several seconds. Part of thi:
error is due no doubt; to insullilcieni
knowledge of the moon's size, or to the
possibility that contact between sur
and moon may occur at a very irregu
lar or inountainous part of the Inunat
surface. 3ut each eclipse-tends to ii
prove our informatiou and make out
.mathematical theories more nerfect.
.The greates', Interest, however, cen
ters about the )hysical observation:
possible during : total eclipse. Outi
Sun is not merely the blazing, brilliant
luminous globe we. see every day '
the heavens. The liery center bal
has a vast outer afpendagc, stretch
ing millions of mites into space--th<
delicately tinted, tenuous, filmy, un
explained corona. It is the coronm
that makes a total eclipse so beautiful
regarded mer'ely as a spectacle to be
seen and enjoyed. its lIght is mudt
fainter than that of the sun ; we cat
see It only when the later is complete
ly obscured. At all other times tho
brIght, light, of the central ball ilumi
nates the aIr surrounding our earth si
as to make it far' s.uperior in hbright
ness to the faint corona ; and observeri
looking perforce through this illumi
natted aIr cannot distinguiish the deal
cate tracery of the cor'ona itself. Ilu
when the advancing edge of1 the moot
slowly covet's the sun's central disc
until at last, only a natrrow sickle
shaped p)lco is left, the waiting as
tronomers have a few moments of Irn
tense expectation. TIhe sickle narrow
gradually ;but a mere thread is left
yet even that is gulte sullicient ti
mask the coron'a. Then, suddenly, at
is covered. On the Instant, as thouig]
at the touch of a magician's wand, ou
burs'.s the splondid corona Into view
'TIs a sight of beauty indescribable
impressIve beyond comp!arison. Mci
that have been prlvileged to see it
ever after tell of ,its having gi von one
of life's most excIting moments, nevel
to he forgotten.
Blut the qjuiet, .scientilie investigat~o
tries to make use of these rare oppot
tunlties to obtain some. knowledge o
the true contitution of our sun. t3e
.fore the copona's at)Ipearance, just a
.the br'i!.'lant cettnral disc is beinng
totally obscured, there are a very foi
,brief imuportatnt scondls when we rec
t ceive light direct fromt the cutetr layer
of the solar globe, andi these tmoment
.offer the only chaace to exain
f directly the glowing gases that mnak
up the sun's outside envelope. Mute
a of our solar know~cdge has beeni thu
I gathered painfulif in the few letin
I minutee of observation made possibi
by suecessive total eclipses. 'ihenii
a is that we see great red Ilames II ishin
.hundreds of thousands of mIles ot
a Into space Curling, interlacIng, e've
a changing, veritable cloudbursts<
living lIre, these are proofs of ilh
a power andl vIolence of nlatutre's hidde
iforces.
.Eclipses of the Sunt as Vleweqt I
1Ftmer TImes.
Chicago Tlimce-Hlerald.
- A total eclipse of the sun is al
riounced as the most Important colii
2 tial phenomenon of 1900, and althoug
the frequeney with whIch solar totalit
occurs and our Ioresent scIentIfic knoi
ledge have robbed It of the mystet
and even the teY'ror which former
accompanied it great valuein astronor
teal ci rcles is given ta t i'Ou. en.
Unfortunately there is a doubt as to th<
totality being visible in America. thit
leading astronomners locating it it
Sipain, and naiming 1925 as thu date 0
at total solar eclipso iI the Unitet
States. Be this as it may, elaboratt
preparations are to be made for the oe
currenco on May 28th, when the South
erin railway will run an eclipse trait
froin New Orleans to Norfolk, am]
" another epoub will be accentuated b3
progression in science. AmonLg the
elegant nodern distinctions of railway
travel smoked glass will be a leading
feature, and the only drawback anti
cipated will be a cloudy sky or a total
absence of the exgpected eclipse.
The earliest records of solar eclipsce
are ascribed to Confucius. and of thest
three wero total, and they are nol
mentioned as sclentilic facts. but al
bad omens. lie recorded that the total
eclipse WL greeted as such phenomena
t are received at the present timo hv
the Chinese people, with the beatinlg
of gongs, wild cries and a savage up
roar, all t f w1hich is supposed to driv
off the evil mnonste' who is " eating u
* the friendly sun."
One of the eclipses of antiquity wa
fatmous for two events. One was that it
was foretold by an astrologer of Lth
philosophical school of the titne, 547
B. C., and its alarming appearance
stopiped a battlo between the Lydianl
and the Medes. The sudden darknese
convinced the coibatants that the
gods weieC wroth and they at One
ceased lghting. The prophets took
advantage of their own ignorance and
the terrors of tl. people to predict
direful things, which. in many cases
being the resuilt of uinforitnate cond i
tions--took place, adding to their
terror of the sill and inspiring a new
revert e for the powet s of the prophet.
Two famous eclipses occurred in
Europi1 during the ninth century. A
total ell hise3 in A. 1). 810 frightined
E lmperor Ilouis of Ilavaria to decath
and destroyed his kingdom. ither
I eclipses had the samlie elfeet on rulers.
Wh ich was so disastrous that some wi ;
mer. among those in power gave oit.
the death of the king as an event of
such moment that the heave ns, shocked
at the slddetnniess iof the fatality. went
into niourfliie.
In 171.71, in May, an ecliplv of the
sunl Wias predicted in I oniimg hy a
oamph1let. " The BIlack Day. or 'the
'rospect of i).uomsday." Great pre
paration was made for the tiln we eome
shadow, and it was related afierwards
that in spite of theo " awesome dark,
no one of prominCtnec died, nor did aINy
public disaster overtake the country
An eclipse! of especial intcre-t t o
A milerica wa I hat lf ( )tober 21, 1S.
when the Lreit American eclipse vx
ped itLion Wals litted ot. d1esti ned to be
followel hy many and greatly im
proved tolar institutions, secuiine Ie
sults of wonderful scient ilic accuracy
and developing much valuable astr
nomic material. Several eelipses of
minor snientilic imuortance were re
corded between is:) and 1I 99, but In
the latter year t vo appeared. The
Iirst, ulhered in the new year and was
visible from Cal iornila 1.0 Manitoba.
The weathir Was favorable at all
points along tile line, and many photo
graphs were made. The second eclipso
of tile year occurred in December and
was visible in South America.
On more than one occasion in his
tory there is a record of the special
darikness whb ich accom panies an eclipse,
disclosing the preseneo of a comet, but
the eclipse of IS2 was the lirtt time
that. a comet wats photograh1ed by the
astronomoers. The eclipse was oseorv
ed by astronomers representing Eog
lnd, ''rance and Italy.
The tot'al eclipse of May, l8s3, had
soime special dramatic features about
it. To begin with, the duration was
ulluually long : nearly live and a half
in minuites. 'The greatest du ration of
totality was six and a half minutes, re
cordeu in Great Britain August 2t1
1 186 Aniother peul'aor feature w ar
that thbis eclipse was only visible in
the middle of the l 'acific ocean. l''ortu
nately for the cause of science, a group
Iof coral islands lay in its neighbor
hooed. America, England, li'ranice, ltaly
and Australia were represenlted.
Duringz the total eclipse of the su n,
Auizust 7, l8ti9, which was visible in
Alaitka, the Indians of the Chilicat
river were greatly alarmed. Pro
fessor B3erijamin 1l'rice of the United3c
Statet coa.st suirvey, had gone w ith a
party to A laskai to obiserve andi reoi)rt
the cciilpse and hadl warned the I n
dians, hut they hiao refuised to believe
him until the sur. was half obscured.
-L'Then they all d isap pe ared and not a
-sou)nd was neard th roughout thei r
a village. T1hey had made up their ano0
riginal minds that the scientists were
Lain g care of matters--th at the sunr
Iwas "very sick " and tihey ha.l " Put it
Sto sleep)."
l'Educated an~d intelligent peopile d(
-not, hesitate toi express a dread of that
,solemn udark ness which i.. unlike any
I other atmospihere, and in which all
preaching (doom. One who has wit
nessedl a total ccli pse gives thiis grapic
dlescripition:
'"As much asi live minutes befort
- the Lital obscurity it may lie p ossiblc(
Sto detect strange wavering lines o!
- lihht and shade drawing across thc
landscape. Then, w ithi frightful velo.
ulty, the shaitdow of thle moon Is seer
SappIroaciIng, a tang ible dlark ness ad
- vancing like ia wall, swift as imaginab
tion, silent as doom. Tihe immensit)
5 of natture never comes soi near as then
13 and Stron~g mrust be the nerves not, t'
[3 quLiiver as tile blue1 black shadow rushe:
111upon the spietatlor with inclredIbh
a spee~d. A vast pli:,iating presec
seems overwhelming the world. Hati
(3 emerge stealthily. Sensitive llow~tr.r
t- close. An assemobledl crowd is atwe1
g into atbsoiiute silence. i t beccmes enuri
t (1usly3 cotil and tne chill is mental a
rwell a., physicial."'
.\11.i4 litelen Gould ridecs In ai
at omlobile wn i oh she manages h ersel f
It was malde especialliy for her at,
c~(os t oft :2At0.
HCASTORIA
F or Infants and Children,
.The Kind You Have Always Bough
y Bears the
1- Sigaature of
THU' RACE PROBLEM
IN THE, SOUTH.
CONIIitIsNCE AT IONTGOMi'1-tV.
1Ex-Suteretary [Ilebert Opens tle Im
Uiiolnt--- I ho I IMcS M ItHI A tWjle
Toget tier.
Tho conference for the diieutnZiotl of
thue race problk in tie South absem
bied in Mbontgolery, Ala., Onl thu '%ll
inst., and at the Opening Lcesion there,
was one of the large-t itni itost repre
sentative gatherlnlgs ever seen inl that
city. This conference is held uinder
the autstpicezi of the Southetrn Society
for the promotion of tihe study of the
race conditions and prollemtts in the
South. Governor Johnstoi, inado an ad
treiss of welcoite oni belfuti of the
State, and gave intereshting facts and
figure.s in Alabaiaconsiderable pro
grees has been made in the line of edu.
ctitin! the negro. 'he schieool fuld h
paid almost. entirely by the w hi tes ind
distributed impartially to chlildirent of
both races.
Couviet, records show at steadily itl
creasinig number of negro convt.
The record shows M e;or cent of cot.
viets are negroes, there )eintg now iml
the penltntiary 2.>3 white:- aMd 2, It
netgroes. Of the totai of 2,1 1, colored
cot.vies 112. are cotinitied for !-eriou,
crimes. On October 1, 1s s, the'e wet e
6541 Statu cOnvicts againit, 1, h6 now.
" We have now one negzro in tihe pcni.
tutt.ary for each :i of popt ation.
and one white fot each .2.0.' : ad the
Governor. " The neg rwtho accttmu
ittes property hecomes a coer at ve
ei-eCeaeeS to listeen to .itea
agitatt.rs and desires no return of ir
retponsbible ind corrupt legia ttionl.
'ihe more he accumulattet the greater
h i iterest in the reign of miyw and
the preservation of peace."
lion. John 1. Gaston. of MtitgotIme y,
alt temporary Chairman, it tiod ielid
Iot. LiIanry A. Hlerbert cx eeretary
of t,.h navy, Who made the introdue
tlry 'lletch to the able Uius ott
whtich followed, in Which he contend
Ltl tiat the two rtces must abide to
vetier in the Sotuthern States, anu
that w temubt work out the problem aS
b.st w e can in the provide ce of God.
ie hegan ty thanking the ociety
for the hionot' cotiferr'ted, and tid the
niegrlo ques.tion had be3'nI al ways with
tOl peto)le of the Stutt and Would
-abide with thei, Itn o piha or
ithtJetr. Thie prteset is IppIIIy tn
era of good feeling b Ltween tthe nce
tiont:t mor0e,411 ComtileIte andi. pert'fectL tha)
any t hat ta-, ever existet. The force
i "' ha- heent drLioppd, the tegrowa
!ohinthe v'eiet a aiig of
1l : the lio% Contstittion on Missi,
zipi hea been deeldedt. by thle-.pen
Coort of the'. :tited S:ateb to be valid.
andi we have thle sympathy of thouight
ful tuen in the Notrth to at extetit that
neUverI h.-101re exited.
Sociulogists itn that tection are
1tudying (,itr situation. No paper
Col d )otrta'tiy IorT clCUty the gravity
of te prolit mts now before the South
that an a drte) s by l'rof. vilicox, chief
tatt tic iat of tho CelniSu, on negr
criminolo'y, deliverted at Saratoga
last bumeItrlCI. L't us to use this of)
portunity t.hat all of oul fel1ow citizns
wh o ma11y follow thlese proceedings
shall bee that we litre here to -t.e w hat
can he done towards the purification
of the ballot box, the prot eitin of ont.
Womten aid i the ad jkustm etIt of the I'
lationt between thu two racst, in tuch
a P it'it of mod erati'n, cihat'i ty- and
juntlLeu as shitali strengthen atnew the
toundatins of governnttu'n t and if e t.
petuaL, its blessings to our children.
The two raccs are here and imtst
abide together. The de portation) of
eight or ien millions (if black, is an
tng.uished naturalitui tite Univ
of l'etn y ivani a, a few years au after~t
a d ispats~ionate study of the l L htfereces
bietween the white man and 'the neugro,
itt which he clearIy poin1)ted out the in~
fertior'ity otf the negr'o, r'eommtemOt ied
that, the ntegtro, at whatever cost. .',houldn.
be depotrted. its feat' was that the
outcotme in the South was to fte ama!
teamation and the conseqL1uent, destrue
tLIon of a Iar f!e patLion of the Ii n est traco
tllpon ear th.
Necceslty has compfelled us to r'esort,
to election methods which we desire
to tabanidon. The results of the e!xp)on
di1to m'e of milli1 ons on negro eduocationi
has been so untstatisfactory that someW
goodi peopile at'e adlvtocat-inzg the a ban
tdonmntt~tt of the systetmt. The cosit of
ttrying tnegr'oes for cr'ime is out of til
peo(portion to thbe cost of tr'y ing witeL
men t'. ad auraunits biy neg rois u pont
wihitoe wotmett have brtoughit, Os to lytnch
lauw. These quet.Lio~ns we arc herne to
discuet'e. I dlenes amtong neg roes is
utndoubtenlly gtrowitg atnd crimtte It)'
ecasing. l'r'of. Wilicox states facets
show ing idletness tto a degr'ee that is
startllr.g, and l'e gives census Iigur'es
to show fi that itt the Southi thme ecrimes
of negtroes, cotm)parecd accordUing~ to
ptopulIation with iwitestc wetre, in I1M90.
as a ittlie less than f> to I, and In the
Noriith cottsider'abiy over' > to I. (Govern
mient statistics shtw that for 10 ye'are,
begInning with I 8 9, of birthis atmong
the negroes of the DIstrict of Colubilia
19.6 per cent. wet'e illeg~timate, and
that fotr the next per id of Il yeats.
enditng with 1899, the pi'eenttage tof
il legiti mate hi rths was 246.9. GUn'ntes,
howevert, in the dinstrict, by thne( ti gures(
appfetar to he Only a little over 2 to 1,
aiccording to fpoputlatio-whiei 5 Lie.
cidediy in favor of the disttrlet.
T'he situatiotn becottes gravitr st ih
whlen we cotnsider' the assaulIt by a
negro utpon a white wottatn. Such atn
talarminog featur'e of the ptre'sent situam
thin was unknown wheni tueo negroes
wer'e slaves, antd tremained iuiknonwn
unlI a tnew genertio oi f ne (grtoeIs borii'
In fr'eedomn, had gr'own into mtanhtood:
and this aifter' all our ' llor'ts tot ele
vate the ne~gro by educutatoin. What,
does this mean' Ti,vo antswer-t. have
b)een sugges.ted; onte, that thn:en c-e
prioceed I r'otm ai spiri , of recvenge~c. P'rof.
Willcox, who sutggests thiN. raiys that,
such cr1imes frnequenity r'es.u tted dur'in g
the midltdle aires fr'om hatred tof the
church. TLhe othteri thecory i-', tinat
these cri tnes ind icate a cendtiency tamonig
these peopile, whoitse antcestors "omeit of
them a few gena. atioins ago wenre sav
ages, to reOlapse into barot'arism.
lie hoped pubb) : Opi nnotn wou 'd settle
down on the Idea that we canottt stOp
crilmes against v omnen by ceatinifg to
educate the nogro. If the critme comes
from the Instincts onf tihe barnarian, we
cannot pre'vent it bty ceasingt to edu
Liate: if It Ia fnnoa by tevotnve. iye
cannot cure tiho situation by ceasing I
educate. But while continuing to urg
education, I wotild not have you unde
,stimite tihe tiask that is before u
I'lie negro is not tile equal of the whit
mari; science and history alike pr<
Claim thi truth. 1118 skull Is thicke
and his brin smaillr than the whit
Inann' and I 'rof. Cope tolls us that til
sutures of tho kuli which proimot
growth and expansion, Usuii1ally gro
uas thboy do not in the white m1)an'
at about the age of 1H years. I'he no
gro has never civilized himself. 11
has always bon a savage in Afriei
n lIlayti and San l)omingo during I
century of self-governmeniLt h : as ret
rogradeld. In the Biritlbi and inisi
West I diles lie has made little pre
The ionent of caniaciplation wia I
ittical period in tihe history of til
Southern ne'gro. lie had lit beel
taught to provide for the morrow. I'lb
eity brought responibilit ies for whiel
lie was utterly un jqual; and fails.
teahelings just .oNw might, do him in
caleuiable injury. Abraham IUnelh
knew that tilt negro, who had neve1
learned to take care of himself, wi:
not competent to aid in taking care W
the State. And so Nr. Lincoln's plai
of reconstrut tion watt to bring t.ael
the seeded States Into the Union witLi
only such VOL voters ats were tualilied in
der the laws of tihe Sevueral State-. NI r
I neon had Ire)pared and r ad in hii
cnhinet the pri'oclaiaition for the re
habilitationi of North Carolina, whiicl
Was the basi, (if l'rel.ident .Joinont
)lIats. 'TiIs is Lestiliied to by Se'cretarl
McculloulIh and Geun. Graint. If Ill
coln had lived, the spepiker thiouga i
would havo been able to carry cut hi;,
piar. Johliso failed )ecau se ie bad
no l act and no in uculec.
Niver va, there such a hi.undr a:
in the theory that entfrage w (uld bell
ethiicate the negro. Wlt the neogrc
n% ante ahove all thitngs was to know
how to take care of himself so that ihe
1 ight develop. ie ..'ced -yinpathy
ant tutelage arid this Ie wouId haV
had, especially iromi ili old master, on
terimi( that would hailve been advai,
tageous to hotij ; hut hie w as taugi
that lie had 110 fr'ienads t .N... il amno1i!
those who wanit.d his votis. It wia,
tie cl rpt- bagger Who drew vv L -c. iel.r
Ii tie. Whelen we .onsider tle Ieelings of
the Voting negro of the prse . enrolra
Lion t.olvardi tLbe wi.ite man, let us re.
noi .ber the falre teachiigs aid the
Ii tter and un suwccesful trutiggi es for
)Ow' r from wh1 Wi ic ile i ih : iiaS. I L i
because of this same hitter feeling lha
tie prest-L g e Ie rat ion ol white nLienl
dislike thie negro. W. fi. Council. an
,\ lah oma egro, in !) a!e article in
Th: I-'orum said: "When the veteran,
w.ho foilowud I,:e to A pptoatox shail
hu gathered to ticr grav, the. neg rc
iut there is a more encokr-aging view
and 3y1u will cosridiier it. Is iot, tR
nfeC'ro iisticlLy and el ariy improving
in the whito coinLies where white mci
predonimate'? Is not tibe negro crimin
ology largely due to jverty' want, o
euneaLioln aid of hole traiiig ? Is no
the tysttem of industr'iail iducation nm
taught at Tuskegt by thati emarh abh
mn- hooker Washingtoi, -a keynote
to tie situation ? Aid are there not si
many thousand instances of ngroes be
coiniiiv orderly and faith ful citix.rns as
to lead us to the conclusion that mii ucl
of tlie evil we nlow Se is Lthe r'silit Ol
miseducation, and that in the estLahlish.
iltt of imiore hiiarnionious relations he
twL~een the races and better trailningv for
the negro we are t > look fir the soplu
Wion of the problem ?
A lothelrl qteostil n rielates to LiC pur'ity
of the ballot box. Why is n'itller lift
no' I libe.rty safe in the little Stat-es o
Central America 'I'he answer is, be
cau.ie Lheru Is no such thing knowi
tlhere as puro eletions. ivery admin
istr'ation is the creature of rev 'olutio
or oif ain e ttetion dom inated by foret.
No oneC hias any respect for the tLite Ib
wviihi ainy ofliciali hlolds his placet~, an
5(o revohtitin 1015(omei and go arnd Lther
neither is iior can he prosiwrrit y. lI
thaeSou tern Stat~es we hatve depa~irte.
fromi the Leach ings of our fathers i
tiihis InIstanfce, it, wavs froml the nehicssi
of pre'tserv ing 0our( .iilization. I it, u
we have found, it, ia julst, one step trom
dlelrabuding the negro to de fraud ing th
white man, andi we know that as loin
as5 malittcir remlainl as Lihey are. nlow i
never ean have, as we wish to have
two reCspectablie parties in these Southi
c rn Str.ites.
A Smi'ANGiGi S I l - howardnu A
Savil le, wvho disaippem.red fromi GIon
er'ster, MIass.. six teen years ago ant
wholis no not101illeid Lii st a for tuine o
$0,0b a1Withs imii ni his n Iati ve State
h is deopartureo fromi Gloucester his w.i f
collectei hiis insulranee and11 re'married
arid hie hias taken anther wife. Ctom
me ntin on! ) his strange story, lhe sid
" I left G louceester SIxteen years ag<
iand~ wt toLI i ncinni ati, wvhetre 2
seve'r oiperaition was pelrformeld upo01
rme for ceineecr. I then iwentci to A rkan i
lasiior eleven yeairs I was1 pos)tmaiL.tlti
at S tmson i. Ark.. in liradl1ey coirunty
I have been ini hR >ger' only about Lw.
3'earis andll I amiii in buisi ness Liihere.
supp~ose LI iat, the operai'ution) starI',td t h<
repiutt that I waJis dleadl. As to imy lirs
wife's affalirs I am whlly ignorant, at'
I cut loose enirlely wheni I left, Mas
sachneett~s anti have inieveri had an)
communlietionit w ithi her si nc. I dh
not leen konow Lih sihe was aliv e.
ain g'oling baick thiere(."
I t, is saidi L) lie rare' that, an A us
tr'aliant lives tn be older than lift
-Thie muinueS in Colorado ai'u .said t
hcave: pi'olued $'i5,000,000) In gold sinei
I '-'9.
-...............
Ot:it G;IRKATESTW HPECIAINT'z.
Fuor '.) 'cters I )r. J. NeOwtonlint1liawn
hans HIo suecessfutiliy t reated chiroit;" die
iis thiat hI' is tackn'iowildgedl today ito x stai
al the head ft hris professioni inl this lini
hiis etxc~lsive miethod)I of treamntici f'
Vareiurele andt Strilcture, withouiit till i
ofI knife or ensutery rares in 90 pecr rerii.
1al1 (cass. I ra the trcat nmena o~ tII.elos
Vital F orces. Nervous li isorders ,k idtCe
and lIrinlary ( Iompltai nts, i'aralysis s,
PoIisoniniig, lhaheumatism, r 'arlarri, ad1- th
(eases pcu-nliar to womenl he' 1 is equit II
uic'Csafit . lI r. II athlaway's practi |O
imore thlarn dlouleo that of any3U ior spe~
ialist. Cases protiouncedll hlpless by3 othi
puhysicianis readily vield to his treatmenl
WVriteldrrm today' rully about your cast
He makes nao chiarge for consuiltationi c
advIce,eoithaer at his ohlice or hby mhail.
.1. Newton Ilathaway, M. I)., ~2l. Xoiut
Itrnad sIen, Atilanta. fIs.
0 I' E MAN WHo 11,I3P1'ED3 HAM .TON
1Ho WaN a ( larpot Bagger," [llut lie
DeocdeI thle Law in Favori of' 11i"
43 i'oiicaI Opi iionenti.
, lion. A. J. Willard, forinerly chief
justice of the buprelne court of South
o Carolina, died suddenly of apoplexy on
3 the 5th inst. at his home in Washing
ton, 1). C., in the 79th year of his age.
le was born in Albany, N. V.
3 Mr. John 8. iLeynolds, of Columbia,
Las written the following sketeb of
.ludge Willard, who wa once an im -
portan t and conspict1uoii factor in the
- alfiirs of South Carolina. Mr. lVuy
nzolhis iats written from memnory, but
his statemients are substantial ly cor
ree4t:
Judge Wil lard came to this State a
lIIutenan t colonel o0 f a regiment of
United Status colored troops. Ii
command took part in the battle of
i Ibuney Ilill, Nov. :M, I i l-ono of the
hot-1-t and most remarktilae lights in
1 the War of Secceion--aiiud was iximn
tionled by hits commanding guneral in
his report. Ile camile firt- into genleral
notice by h1Is connlect in with1 at ili Itary
Comiimiei.ioni in Chtiarloston in Isa6,
wiluh tried three cit.z :ns ot An11ders.ol
district, for the allegedtl mutrder of a
United Stat-es soldier. Col. Willard
was reccord'er of the comit S ion, 11nO
his prowecution, W hil I.t naturally harsh,
iwas recognized ia. uvidencing mul1ch
ability. The accus4ed were Convicted
and tentenced to he hanged. TI ey
were alferwards reIeaCSd under a wv rit
of lhbeas corpus from the F ederal
Cour t., and w ere never tr ied ag ain.
Judge Willard was elected to the
)butieh of the State suprem1o Court or.
ganizd under the constitLution of 1,S46
by the legisllture tibat Imet, hiere In the
siimtler Of that 301a. 1'. J. Moses, Sr.,
was elected chief jiuttime and S. L.4
110ge the 0ther at~OcIat MObS war.
for omllei (2 montIS iuderi politi cal dis
a biliticn, Co that the court, it that po
Iod cons Ist'd of WVi'ard and floge.
'I'he lattier was so far u.Iit, for thet po:
that hie 11' ver wrote a single opinion.
1'hI wo: k of tle! colu1r th'is fetll almost
etirelv 1po lstie. Willard.
1tdge W illard came mst proine-ill
lyI b to notic-e In tIie contest for
the pIO1'sCL.sionl (if til State goverment
folilowig the u1ctlr i (if Novcmber 7.
INs. ' 1 Thlt coitest, il its d ifie retliL
p)iase.'V., Wa6. ploliptiy tlkei; by the
1)4eiocratic lcadrs tito tie -ipreme
court. The case moost 1im1poirtant inl it's
COn, qu3encel-12, was the State e.x rel.
W' n of State,
and4 1.:. W. M. Mackey. 0in the face. o1
the returI thiei Del.ouratz ha-d a m11a
jority %,f the 121 miemi er iniaking ip
Lit,c boue of replresenitatives.2. 1Hat the
State b1oard of Cuanviasser. (composed ot
liepublicanl oflice-hlolder:-) withhleld
certilicate., froi te m1e m ra.clect
froni I aureu atd gelield---tLbus giv
ing tile lIepubliicans a alilljority of the
memlers hoidinlg ccrtificate-.. '1 h (
itepubhlicans orgallized iAh N'. W. M.
Mackly as spieaker, but with less than
i ma 11jority of 12-1 memberb. Thc
1)1mocrate organized wi th Wil 11.
Wallace ias speaker, laving at majority
of the 12l, mtembers from Edgelield and
Laiure.i.n s coul..1. iilayle, secretiary of
state, Ila deliver-edi to lac-kev tie re
turnsi of tihe votet' frl. goverlior', to bei
agg reg aeLd aid decl1re cd in j1111, s
sion1 of the gen3era.tl iascelmbly . T ne p1o'(
eeCdillg in 3 hIli rupr143emelU C13rv c wer
upon1 an! application fior' i Writ of
ma1Jmll)US to ii comp11ei I llayno aild
Mac2k4ey Lo dut3iver to Speaker Wallace
tle returis mentioned. The uau, on
the inii fln imouo, went utlf on1 a quie3St0ion
rised by the court, and was never
afterwaruis premsnted for adjudication.
- dit ah court nIv.rthb-eA. __ide d
tat the Wila tce hiouse was t.e la1wfulI
housec of reurei1'senItativ. Vos(f Sout Lbazro
Ltermine 132.1hle con))teat, of the wite peu
LI ple under421 Wade llamlp'.ton for the
?n poss5e-st1 (f tii4e S-tate gOvlrniiuent
3 ] unlaw fully claimerui by I). 1I. Chambezi1Lr
21' lain and1( his~ followers.
There can13 Sie littde d1(oublt that Ju idge
W A Iiardl leservedl c2hief cred(1it, for the
stand taken~i by thle supreme coulrt in1
thIis case1. Moses was comnpulsable andi
WrIght twas pu11rchlamuabi. A dellon
-contrarl3y to p)recent~l wvould not, Stave
been di ilicult tol cthbor. D~uring t.he ar
gument,231 WIlIlard's pu3rpose4 was manh
fested by hiis freo uent Iinterrulptions of1
thte couunsel for Siyn andl~ 13( Macy.
The' pr'(~ositionis thuils aidvanedl (not,
dl iputed by Mss or15 1 Wight.) unoder
iay the~ jud.gmnti reni'der?ed. There can13
hec little dou1ibt thait 0on1 of Willard's
obhject., waIs Li) holdl Mlo-es and~ Wright
to their m1 ' sliescencei4 an3d leave-I Lthem~
decision ofl the couriit was oinly ucht abs
it :-hoh1i3 have been. lit anl oppo)site
conciu11o wol d have haiild the santIton
> f lalwyers li ko Chlamblerlaini and( (or
I in f ti' State, JudlgeI SetLe (If North
I (Garolina1 anid numer13ous11 legal li ghts of
- L~eubl4. iican p)roc livite I in43 W ash Ington.
AL ?a1 4.ven1ts an3 ad verse decision wouI ld
- have2 brought no end oIf troutble utpon
th (Si atny11 on sILid 541 In Soutn Carolina.
ISuch a decision would Stave been worth
mui ich to WIlhlar'd, had1 he chIosen21 to as5k
a pice Icr it. tBut lhe decided accord
in g L) inaw.
In tihe summer oif I 1 Judge Willard'(
P Was elected chief justice tI) ill the va
S nancy causeda~ Sby thte de(athl of Jud1ge
S Moses-hiis elevaltion du1o largely to the
knownr i shes of Gov . hlampton, eIv
dentl y shared by a large body oif the
w whi te people)1 of the Stiate. l- Stung 1510
tuneL~xpiretor >I 31f Moses42, Chie (f Ju)1stice23
Willard remineid onf the bench tHi
e Jud(ge1 Willard was ani eduicatedl law
yer21 amb i tiousl on of11 .-uece(s42s andI pre
fermen ct In hiis pr efes55 iii. Ills oiions11
inl i mpoirtanI)t (cases. evidenced(2( (ceful
p 5reparai'iltion andl laborious resealrch.
3 Malny oIf hi Il itations~ wemre sutch as toi
-show that, hic had fully recad evelry case
citedl. II is style was not cleari~-a fact
probably dSue Lt) lisa loves of Ii ne d.5istlne
11ions. I s opi nions need( Li) lie studiedl
4ratheri than read1.I, in order to? anI a~lppre
heSinsion oIf all1 the poi11nts mad4.e. Is
style lalcked. the clearinens wh 11ictark
ed( tile (opi1nions of Moses. An illusltra-'
Lion of thIs dilf~ernce 11ay3 he had Sby
A a compa5)lrison oIf two decisions invol v
me ing pactically the 58am1e quetion10.
r The first reported decisionI of thbe
new court,--State vs. Bailey -emibodied
-. the proposition that the court was
r without jurisdiction to review conmlu-l
9lons of fact in cas1es alL law. The opgin-'
lotn was wrlttnni h1) .futton4 WIllnrd.
Whether in recognition of the rule of
all tribunals of last resort to touch no
questlona except, such as necessarily
arise on the recoi d, or from a conscious
ness that *ine conclislon involved wad
at vari#Ance with deep-rooted ideas
of t he rE lations of the appellate court,
to tthat below, or from whatever cause,
the opiniot, in State vs. Halley failed to
I"ip'eess tLe har in geueral with the
main proposition which was therein
etmibodied. So much was this the case
that one of the leading lawyers of
South Carolina, In 179, made afildavit
that he himself and, as he verily be
lieved, the bar in general, had thought
ill, to the decision in Brickman vs.
Itail road, pu blished In that year, that
the law was othe than as it was in
thie, latter case declared. The two
tiecisions were to the same general
c 11ect-that in cases at law questions
of fact were not reviewable by the
btupremetl court.
The differenet, was that the opinion
in Brickman's case was written by
Chief Justlec Moses, a master of clear,
stroig judicial ItIglilsh, whilst, Judge
Willard's style was involved, mecta
physical andI soimetimes obscure. But
tihe bet't, tribute to .1udge Willard is
tlhat in a time when corruption was
Widebpread, when dishonesty was at a
preilinim, when (,iheal misconduct was
proiltable, he kept his ermine puro.
We're Ahead,
And allow no rconcern it) mark a path in
good ' ltthliies or I-w prices for ls to
folllw.
Looking Costs Nothing.
E'.xamine oir -toods, investigate our
claims. T he more you incetigate the
moire youl Will buly.
(0i1y a tew of the nma3ny specials this
week.
Another 144t ofI Utirkishi i Towels at 10,
%%ell wor-th 154.
A ti1tiher lot of $1 '"I Kid (;hves to go at
,,i. blackt and voloirs.
Aiotier lot tof remruta White [ant at
lue. 12144 atl [he, worth I5e,A0 and 2e.
Anottier lot of nmens li f lloe , black,
oply. at e5, worith Ie.
Ihiriei y , ards ioe beaching for $1 lit.
I rab lIe Soir, pretty no silk, white, onk!v
Xe, regular :tit 'mali tv.
orty inich White Ianti lIoe, good valuet.
ineln t'rash foir skirts it :e,'. 10C. I W, 1201.
Grasp the Chance
While a Few Remain,
A nl :et a dre wls oil ne of our rishi Mint
tie at 1 , they ar the iest ever offered
oI tihe imarket.
Soin'i fail to see our line of Shirt Waisit
i 4ittmn ant Rit, thley are the best values
itt teswn'.
Try tone o! our 26w Slinmer corsets, just
as rooii as yi lnive 'aid 50e for before.
Areil oll io fllg to
Buy Matting and Rugs?
You en't I gio wrong when you buy right
and the riglit lime to buy here right, i
rigit in ow. our line is large aid prices are
absohtely r igtit.
To Arrive This Week by Express.
New .let Bl-its, New RIibbone, New Laces,
New insertiotns, Embroideries, Allover
IEmbIroiderles aid t.te Mousline De Soir,
lbiberty 8ik and many ot her things that
will mnterest YOU.
Tie Best ot Their Kind.
A imeritnna Iatdy 'orsets led all others.
ltentz Shoes for' ladies anid chtildreni.
liian I'. lIcynotislt lFine tNtes for men,.
Weale Boluld to Keep Ahead.
I 'ast recortis will be ipedC~ out ti sea
t.4'n att i alO newon scorelt or we aire very
tft mu istaken. We pirohit if you are
|lpleased, andt~ wet are pleased if you ptrotit.
Wale i tt h ei l'rnert St ore, it's the flinsy
Store.
R. L R. Bentz,
(hishl I Iry floods. ind Shoes.
J , M ICLTOii'N K ING ,
Manager Easiey Branch.
Greeniviille Store, .- ...- .
-'. C.oruner enitriue, 201. MIilain SE.
Et"A get for Itut Ierick'attIerns.
A nt nurFaor
- benme-fpol h idor35
shos e ualin tyl, it nd ura ili t
the$500shessod esehee1s apdi
ineenin . flr ne sae w o n ou
Arcs u Poneo in y State Faor.50
o ci an ittmst, it every ,; pairlguaran.
itledt. wil payr you to look ove n our
fstoc befot bi ng.4ilii( t si~ I (Of
I ai e pit e dtot~( a sll. r
Plow &ShAI o N,
touir l''rt doort aovemdatlivscs
I tipacomb &4Cu14elall