Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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VOL g.---NO PICKENS, S. C.1 THURSDAY, JANUARY 26, upJ . - T3CE WUITE MAN AiUSTRULE$. I 6661Y..POINT AG UiNST .IMPE Vik1O MOLaurla calls Attention to tie Thirty Years. oX Nego En . rapeseinent-UnivorBk'l Segrage i 2 -~ ileturns to Plague the inventorb. Hon. John L. McLaurin the junior Senator: fro -S9utb Orollna, in a earefully prepueod argument against the policy - ofr eipansion, a brougtat -to S.A-r.4bly the fact that u yersal ugrage has grovon a monu mental thilure-in the Southern Statoe. -i lie remarks in tle- Senate were In part a follow" -Mr., Presideti- the manifold and E aderioub qnestIon.growing out of the war *19h Spain are now aDsorbing the - --- - - ' attdhton of the American people. All - ';deeply interested, and upon this body is devolveditheir final settlement. a1imn"atlsfied- that our aetion in the - --~ 'aeMar.Woth will settle the question ofexpiagion. There are at this time 3n'the Senate and nation at large two Vi. -4011-d6fined and distinct views, one, 91, apolloy'of -i ansipn, involving~a new. "46finition of 'Wgov'erpment alti ihd 1xiugratdh colonfiht. ry~tetali*WtW. all thO'Derplexing problome inanonty pero sa, san t -based upon ,he gov Anid in~ y 3 gdient is tho only posit - rpm of .the las OL-turye T. Iien-Ahat is In harmony with the con stitutiop and the spirit and genius of r .tphabliban instlutldne. As a Senator, representing, In port, - the-'State of Stiuth Carolina, It Is ny I A*.T- Rf to exprells my convidt'ihs 'in no Snacgtain terms upon a uebtion'so 4's ,ally'aedting':the interests of -my -t t'and'e destiy of this nation. - thiporisie every Senator musts-eclda -r *'4-'fo1?ijh51s@lf hi.he is res ponsible to-D.one -avsppLOState, his nMation and. his God. --3FO i1slf, I 'hall oarefully consider b all-pUroposed legislation, and earnestly b *i' deavor'toaet under the inspIration 6 of ap unselfish and broad patriotism, e Wi h'Odue' sense bf the rebp6ndibility p 'W 6tingipon me. I fee that a . representative fron. i outhArolina Is pecutiar .galjfed epeak- upon one phasu of tie ques tion, and It is that pertaining., to the * $ 6 ndorporatioa of a mongrel ani semi . p.arbarou". population mLa our body t) poli01tic; *a jpopulatio -n that, juar . as L , deanscertain, Is interior tobut'nkin to -. Ali the negro in moral. and intelledtual' gii'ies and incapacity for self-gov- e armat. ,.The experience of thepSout.h for the past thirty years with the nigro -r*#e, .jp.rqghiat. with fessons of wis- n dom for out'-'gidance in 'thn Philip- - pines. It Is passing strange that Sena *Ars Yifo favored universal suffrage &M 's full enfranchisepqnt of. thej. negro should now advocato. lmp.ori 'In othber.wgirds, that.territory can be acquired by conquqt, held.as a colony, snt its _allabitants treated as - *u.a' rather .than citisons-gaverned by0 1jJltary.-rule .or legislation- not-auu -shorjxed.by the constitution. There'18 glatgt inconsistency in these posti tique, If they, are sincere in. their e ~ ~ a8s-o the. Philippinee,' they should propose an amendment to the natiutippyichwill put-thelbforlor. h -i this' country and the inhabi tante ,.of-: -the.'h. ilippines 'upou ~- an V $Iy as to their civil and' politidal i r nd thysJ q~ver, settle the b c ; questions in 0 this country.-"i '*ellF:As the outlying 0 -.territories. b How can they consistebtly, justly, i and, I might add, constitutiolally,-ad - stesa-poliey-for-outlying~ territories, S embracing races so nearly -alin to the e eegro, which differa-so radically from 1] the policy adoptsd 'ls to that race in ti the South ? There can be but one an- C ower to that question, ,and that is that E they substantal.iy. :adtnt6, in.the lIght' c --of a third of-' 'entury's experience, u that universal suffrage is a monumen- t: tal failure and that the time 'has come fort the correctiohb .nf this~ stupendous y governmentai error. .9 Prof.' Thomas MiJler.($outh Caro- t, - lina, a former Congreossman and one of a - roepentyga:- pl his. r-ace in Amnr- o ; ,~In a recent speech delivered .in v uh-Uaoupnethe anniversary of b 0. .4;'ancipation Day, said : c Wh sifty stands to-4sp.y.in.thee " ~at~'abs 'Senate and warpa. no aiQfnd white men of the $6itat y ti1i o vote ts. no~t a gift from the a -izit... but. a matter left with each 1i is, to be gi~ven or taken away.?. Why, e :i6 Is aman from New England, the il great.Respubicap Senator Plait. 'And c - why' 'has this great change coma over t the North in relation to .f.rarrohise.? i. ~z4 *~..&Whj do-they -yield -to this principle t - ha.has alw~ays been claimed by the c S~odth ? This great New E~ngland Rte- c *pb~lican .and august Senator from a t - bIobitgn late stanids in the Senate r Chamber and virtually~ adahits that the a -totgteenth. .nd fiftceenth aafenamente at'e nugatory and of no effept." " t -:..congrntul'ate the Senator from Con- i neofticut upon his speech, or rather - 4 - upn the conlstruction of it by Professorr Miller, and I sincerely hope that ho < - Will..iot destroy my good opinion oft his~ candor by attemp)ting t9 explain it< - vay ga he did on Monday in his con )ttioversy-awish the Senator from Mae-< bacsshusetts. liis admission is credit- I *able to his ees of jutstice and paioe- I Siam.. UniversaI su ffrag e in the South I ---- on~g-'Ice--degenerated into a race I ~ttons *and as such led to the practi - ~ . :lUhmination of the negro from poll * j*r ,,i~51,a olicy that Is to-day wisely ad ? ocit by' the g'reat loaders of the * .- ra 5e Pffessor .Miller and Booker ~afhgton, and which in limi', with -4-out .optade interference, under the -guidance of the best thought of bot~h - - rees -will lead to a just and mutually -satigitory settlement Of the gravest IV lin ders~ timbs., Conscious of p~op dedpurposo and feeling that 'h ~:~: ~ g~oAs n t responsible for the - ~tawhnh h was thrust, the b tdcefiaty q by protesta 6 a ntly ,p alegl . to the '6' tI 10 tdgo1ler iglteously. It is - ld o t0 .atn theer some of gJiose -,i 'tgps'iiie s, now that -* -J the til estion IS brought home, or pletefy jtuAtify 'out~ methods in pro * iding'.a sobene of colonial govern ~- ~i-~.jT 'Senator from Connecticut has (, 4li C,~0htmply vI 1laated theo South, per taps unintentionally, but wo. thank him hp .more heartily for his dom43te an-. iouncement' of . to... divine P'ht ot he Caucasfun q goVern thb fatOl aces.t.Wldn thib question :-is bofgh Ion, the whitQ -Aan. Is .th'e same verywhere. The. Sienator,.. porhape Inonsciously,. hQws that h' reol gie hat no otlio race id Aearly eqdal iumber's can'live side'by aide 'with the Jaucssian and enjoyD suchl olvil.and iolitioal rights as -un 94Q.4.i tances rendeza the''d6 n n of the aferior race a podsibiit. 11'6 ppeal' 'io' wha -e -dall' iet overeignty," and- 1 this hels'0r do rhat we did After reconstrution itQh his tot omtsidqL th .sif ri of he fourteehth and ' teent amed, aepae of AdB,6 codatioiti h It is contepded by the Senator. fr.om onnecticut that this naMon'; as an in erent right of soversilityi outside of he cqstitut1oP ..to., q, Q terri ,. nd goverii -t '.4In thb - ion are enumerated te rig.I s and owere delegated by eti.t I ?to the 'ederal government. - In the :State Onetitutipus"31rf 1,6 1 -0~ha ''dele ,teditie mnta't z itir , ilthe ghtw'azid powers except those en morated Ja..he poiiin-fsen Weument. ' Oongess dai ,,herefore xbrtlse MilYthoe r w.e_ h here. isea Nrant tn 'e e o itution, whleq StAte leg I an xeroise. ll powers except those pro ibited in State' onstitutions. Hence,. de United States as a nation , eserved powers or inherent sovei.,o , except such as may be deleatbcN ithe consti'titfon'of the United Eae6. Vhatever. there i.-o res6rved rights r inhereat..uvereignty'" not dele ated in.. 4he.-Ederai eonetitution re iaiL as i;.tih-.peQple.of the States, Thd ation, as' a nation, haQ no sovereign rgiise gpt- thoate o re41,-by 3rsiu-fn. a"e rignty. of . 19 ation 'Is thb power Iven tlie'nhifi y the -constitution. If thore. iere td, e any reserved.powers- Of the nation Ltsid-e of. the constitution, why the numeratioa specifically, of those riwels. In the instrument Itself? Why er6 they not reserved, at! tho time of ie.udoptionk of'the constitutig, in.eir roes tVerms'? " I undfrstalid, beti1i'aei-eiktv byOr iean-the authority, .ota nation to .xi roisgov'ermnont'i pokwe'. How are iese powers to be exi'rcised? In the se-of the Udited ' 66,6s, in the mnan e. - providecd by the'- constitution. irough" the'dbpartments- 'of the Gov enment ; and in - being eiercised by iese-'dipartments it is limited by the >rlus of- the constittion l-ituig the" anner oj the .exercise.of.soyqa~eignty, To hold that, there is an..14hQront Jwer of WE'dreignty in the:n4tion,'ont do of the constilutlob to do some" king not-AuthorIMed b iat-'ihetra UIbri Qe tf qlf ~ irn pver gunty.'.'--.6 . th. '-constituti'on a'nd w*eetro '' ev.ory.fouidation&'dpP h* coiisttuyi ional goverentel$, reas.m' edge Gray, in the. Chinede-AIelus1on' lee, said "The United tai.es , r. overeign.and Independent 'nhtfon, ad q invested by. the constItu.tion with ib '-'tiif'& colitrol of iritrtorational . dlbtions- and with all' .thp. pqwer-9f. Jverjnment n.ecessary4o maintain . UiaL mtrol and make -4t effective.. Wh l1. ildAing.r that the- Un.ited State r. a overeign. and -independent !nationait ill be seen -Ahat,- he also holds that le sov~regnty of the natilon is vested F the constitution 'and if so, -it "tan' ily be exercised in the mode Ioluted: it.in the constitution and is controlled 7 the wordo of the grant Qf .thi sove Ahere '*as >ro -nation of $Ihe United Lates untli-the doptiof of the-Federal mtitution ; hence liefere': thatiMe iere' co'uld be sordred6it af thpna on. What'o ~erred this sovereignty? learly the .Bta es, by and through the oderail cuustitution. -If-so, then there au be no inhlinent right of sover'eirnty toept that conferred by the constitu-. on. The Senator further conten n.*t '0 are a sovereign nation, and s such~ ave the samne inherent rigit t cruire, 3rritol-y as England, France, (i rmnany nd Mexico. I controvert 'that prop sition. .The.soveneignty ofth of I Great . Britain and. the othorg s'' ested in the people and, has never ee~n delegated and'hinlited as in our auntry. These governments enjoy. vereignty ini its elemedtary form. Vhat the government will it ma'y dI' ithout considering the actor its con". aquences in the light of an organic iw of binuling obligation. Our government-is in a ivery differ nit position. The JKederal ponstitution Sthe embodiment of the povereignty f the'U'nitbd States as a;nation, and hisa dover-eignty can only ie exercised a . accordance with - the @owers con ained in its provisions, Gi'eat Britain an do anything asanatig in .the way. f the exercise of .goverbntental func ions.' There is nothing tor prohibit or estrict the fullest exerelsa.. of her.. overeignty as 'a nation. Hence there i nonanalogy,, 'and the sovereignty of he Unhited States as a nation diffei ridely from that of Great 'Britain. It is further contened that sovereign ight can not be limited and that all ur constitution can do is to prescribe he manner in which it can be exer teed. If, as already plhown, the overeignty of the Upited(States was .onferred by the States librough the kderal constitution, it is'- olear that, n conferring the power and pres-wib ng the marnner of its exercise, they did et a limit in the very terms of the in trument itpelf. I deny, therefore, that 'tpe United staos as a nation has a sdvereign, in 1erent right and control odtside of the f rant of such powarin the constitution. L'his'Isnot an essential element of na tionality so 'far as our nation is con. sorned, although It may be in England r Russia, where tbab nationality and sovereignty incident to It- are not yreated and ilmted'by a written con ititution. I do not, however, controvert the pro position that. the United States haye the power' to acquire territory by con luest, purchase, or otherwise, and to gcovern-same under the grant of power pontained, in the constitution. I do, however, deny the .proposition that berritory can be acquired and perm~an antly held as such by the United Staates, ef course, subject to the exceptitu of smali traots acquired for speoilgoo. senmnental pur pose, like caing stations and'the guiano islands under the act oI 1858. .I t,htnk Hamwa come unde te pxception of a military and commerola " e coli tuticNZi Ot EFfors th( pow, to innex condit on upon th formation of States out of t eno.w ter Vitory. The States.peded lands'to th< Uqited.States upop, the understandinj #Iha4,,it hould be eventually formet Ato 8tates. In the treatyot -1802i bj which'rAiice ceded Louisana, ..It I ;p~ovAded That: "The inhabitants o the s4ed territory- shall be incorpor ated. poto the Unipn of the Uaitec StaiQs is SQo a posdible aoordigAti th,a krinoIpigs ofthe FederAl bonatit'u tion, to then Zaoyment of all the rights, privileges aN .tuAmunities-of citizens ~of.tIe..Uaited tatest : Thie;ario e o t.pe regty wha construed by. Chief J.us. tie-Mrarsball to mean that Louisiana efiall be admitted. Into the JJOr' as -soone.as .possible .on-.au equial fddiiing with the othpr States. I Thus it will be seen that all, the vast .doMain acquired by the tgd $tates down to 1803 was in trust 'thd''ub sequent admission of Statesi-' exas was acquired not as a Territoy.bdt an, nexed as a State. The treay by whIh Alaska was acquired is an-exceptio.p.t1 to t. .sule, Do dov~bt based tipdn'the ass6*240on tuhbfit'was a bair6n wate, *whosewelinitte.-and geographical posi. tion would render it uninhabitalbe for no or -senferino. in Fc' -1tu 11 at authorizos the United States to embark tpon a.colo nial career. Oar people .ougi% for l, IRtoevolutionary war bl 01 system of Europe, 4h;.4sibaed upon nionarchy. It Is inoredi e that the e0eu who fought .1 i.r aaips the colonial syetem ,-Mbuld -have .. formdd -a goveraine6dt .wboee constitution recognizfd' .and adopt6d the .vet'y ovpressionw -against which they werebattilig. That they did. not -intend to. 'do so Is evidenced by .the faot thathiadison,.in the Feder a uligt ugolhe- adoption of the consti tu tion as 11 securif anfd'afoguard against this very thing. The purposoof the constitution was ''-to AfDOmrw a 'mbre, perfect union, to .esiaBlshjut,ice' insure'domestic tran quility, provide for the common defense, promoto the;goneral welfare, and so ur.tbeblessings of: libeity to our abfib''and posterity." These words ih lcato "that the government could never rule subject races or control ter ritory ng.n 4o.;Uxion. 2.,ongress can only acquire and govern teorritory sub ject to tPe constitution and ilaws of the United ?tapes. . Ware it. t14erwise, it would he to ..discredit * add abandQn repesentative government' -ITertfore, It th6 PhliIpp no Islands *r'e annerod and formed lito States, thia-.Ohagiber. - anid the o her House wow1.codtain about one-seventh Japan es, 'Malay' , Chinese, or.whiatevpfmig tut~ h'ave:out theye. Wowwould hv,e. rogreent.atves .wit a voice in dinenting. e affaira of t is country roni * another continent, speaking anoth~r .n'ugdfretnrd, religiob icand.-- oivilisationa people Witith:.homT w.. have -nothi In coin mon.-, 9qr no, 1. can not rerate' the phpubgh. The grea$ stronig th of our cotitry. isnotin0rely Its isdlated -posi tib'd, Washed en eneh Eide bi the 'vaters Of a gr.eat ocean,- but in a homogenous nooulation, ankIng a common lant guege, and' wiih similar aspirations and *'ideas of liberty -and- qivilization. Why split hairs and quibbl4 over-e16gal' tech %calities. Tlye real qiestion now beforo the American . people is. Are we ready to swiig loose from our con. stitutional moorings V - Ar'p we pro pared -to abandon the peacef ul polic.ies of the past century and drift amid'the breakers that have beset for ages the dynAsties of the Old World-? Has the time -edie when we are iwilling to chaige our.system of popular govern menit and bring it into harmony with. Ikhe mooarchiee of f~he Old World ? It is-idle to speak of Amiericanising a tropical country 8,000- rftiles away. OJar people will never 'aonsent for the people of that, zar o~f land te ever have a voice in the -affairs of -our country. Therefore, to govern thea we .must inaugurate-a military or eblonial 'ys tom,sutterjyat variance f*ith the prin 'iples of ourJ~epublic. B$ut even if by astra'lned c'onstruction ol the constitu. 4Ion the poWer is vested in the Utnited Stains to inaugurate a coloniasteysteit, I ary, utter ly opposed, as al matter of poi~cy, to the acquisition of any terri tory thatocan not be Americanized..andi brougt -into harmony withour Institu tions: ---I believe the time ld not far ofi, and I gladly 'wdicame its- approachi, when our Sag will float; over' every foot of Nortl.iomeican i9pli but it iust come natarally, and peacefully, -by, the consent of-tho goverued not by the~dde hand of war. But whren it comes'.to thrusting our rule upon-1,000,000-peoo pie 'on .another contilierit by. -for~ge of arms, I hold that ech a policy is un trise, as .woll-as at variance with-,the principles-upon which our government is founded, Taxation without represen tation 1I- a l nich tyra-nny as when King George's tena was diumped inte Boston harbor. To .govern the people of the Philippines without their con sent,'is 'as much governmenti without the consentof the governed as it wast when we were under the rule of Great Britain. *Government by force is, add-eal'wageI will bo',despotiam'. Qan we afford tt abandon the doctrine of self-govern ment and establish any where a despo tism? If so, then let *us prep.gro for the burden of a large army and navy, heavy taxation, and the unrequited *acrifice of the young men of tbe na tion. Hitherto our inog, wherever 1I has floated, has meant freedom and self-government, battle only for peace. But when r aised over conquered tort tories, held as colonies, 'it w411 meat tyranny and misrule, battle for thcn sake of plunder, Miy senitignont .is, may it never wave save to bring liborty and self-government to the downtrod den and oppressed of the earth ; may it float untarnishod and.i unchanged, save for the glory of noe tntars in ith celestial field of blue ; may all peoploi continue to hail it as the emblem of great Jopublic-the mountain peak o nations. Imperialism means that we musl boat our pruning hooks into spears and be ready to water distant lands and stain distant seas with a never-ceasiuj torron* of American blood. It miean a never-ending strife with the nation Iof the world. In-a commercial point of view I be liove the importance of the Philip pines ne so is greatly exaggerated I They are chiefly valuable as the ko to the Orient, but we need not coloniz ) to obtain that advantage. The ex 3 ports of -the Philippines, according t the statistical abstract, in 18963 amount ed-to $30,806.250. If this entire trad, was monopolized by us it would be In I sign~floant. We will havo to teacl F 4bm'to wear shirts and broochce be .f6re we can trade with them much r But Englan. and Germany haye largi trade interests in the Philippines, an< . under our agreememt with Spain sh4 must have equal trade privileges witi the' -United States. As a matter o dollars and cents I doubt its advantage Great Britain has in her colonie 16,602,973 quare miles containing 322, 000,000inhobitants, while the mothei country.bas only 39,825,000 people anc 120,979 square milas. The Unitet tate'~s no colonseos, and yet our ex. ports-- compare most favorably witl theseoof Great Britain. Out of 10,000, 'bo natives in the Philippines 7,000,00( only 'aro doin'esticated, and thn othei 3,0,000" are savages. The revenuoi to pain in 1894-95 from the Philip -pines,wer $13 579,1)00 and her bxpon dijurgs wero $13;280,130. Those ro venues were derived from importts, governmont monopolies, stamps, cock lighting, opium, -gambling, lottories, rafies, and Obinese capitation tax 'i'ie United Stqtos could not derive ai mucha's she could not licenso gamb ling,- cobk fighting, ote., and oppresE the-Inhabitants as Spain has done. -Unter our constitutional government we can ,not conpete with monarchice in colonizing and vassal ruling. We hive nottiio machinery and can not got it without breaking up our system auid building a now fabric out of the pieces. Republics have not boon sue coesful as rulers of colonics. Invaria blywhen they havo embarked in that career they have changed into mon archios or empiros. American institutions are founded upon the doctrine of equality. A gov ornment, of the people, by the people, and for the people Is impregnable for defense, but impotont for conquest. To become a colonizing power we must abandon our republican institutions, or be paralyzed by them. Our govern ment, with its checks and balaneco and-conservative divibions of power, is the best in the world for peace and the poorest for criminal aggressions. Great Britain is an oligarchy, not a republic. It is admiralty rather than democracy. Americans govern themselves, while Englishmen are ruled by their govern ment. England has a magnificent civil ser vice at the foundation of her colonial empire, while our civil service Is cha meleon- like, elastic, and not much af ter all but a system of boss' rule. We have no domestic Rurplus of men and 4encit-f work, as England has. Her sinall - triritory and immense popula tion mark her necessity, while our im mense territory, not yet fully peopled, marks ours. The natural docadenc sid' inherent corruption of a colonia system is a danger to the life of thi strQngest monarchy. The oreation o ofilde, the extravagant expenditure o money by officeholders, and the actual corruption creeping into any colonial system will sooner or later sap the foundation of any government. Three and a half centuries ago Charles V boasted that the sun never set upon the dominions which Spain maintained-by wars in Europe, Africa, America, and the islands of the sea. Where now is that magnificent em pire? Gone; forever vanished ! Not enough loft to cast a shadow. England boasts to-day, as did Charles V, that th 'sun never sets upon the empire, that, Lke Spain, she has maintained with unceasing wars. And like Spair she, too, in time may see a disma wreck and ruin, wrought by the natu ras blhght incident to colonial posees sions. Rome colonized in all parts of th( habitable globe, and from the prou< pinnacle of mistress of the world she has fallen into eternal decay and livei only in the pages of history. I believe that if we embiark in a colonial career unsuited as are our institutions to sue] a system--nay, with a form of govern ment utterly antagonistic to the idea that it Is the first downward etep) aloni the .pat,14 apon which- so many nationi have fallen. I believe it Is the g rea reck upon which our republican intii tutions- wil-l finally be stranded. Sona. tors need not call upon Providence ant "manifest desti ny, The most horrid crimes and foolish blunders of the agoi have been committe<) under similar prrotostations. ImperialIsm means self-buildir~g at the expense of othors. Its roots arc embedded in lust of power and iunsatia bio groe:l. The trusts and money pow er, that now hold so many of our OWl people in financial bondage, are crying out for new fields to exploit. Othbe nations have built and developed, anm then tried expansion as a remedy fo doetic discontent. If you would knov their history, road it in~ the gray el lenco of Eastern lands, irr the wrockagi of once mighty empIres. "For the spi der hath woven her web In the bar quoting hail of kings and the ow koppeth her night watjh in the tower bf Afrasiab.'' I am not, vain enough to suppose0 the anything whidh I may say will alfec the result in this Senate, but I can a least have the satisfaction. of feelin, that to the best of my ability I havy dIscharged my duty as a Senator. I does seem to me that the rent gar monte and whItened bones of other na Lions who have tried that way an< found their death should hold soin warning for us. An insuperable objection to the Philippines Is the difliculty of govern ing, 8,000 miles away, a people just rc moved from barbari9,ns and mongrel I race, religion, and character. A prc tectorato. over thorn, I predict, wil give us more trouble than' all the dc miestic problems now confronting us. There are three fundamental princi p lOs upon which this government I founded: 1. Citizeship, universal and coex tonsive with the country.. 2. Local self-government. 3. Freodom to travel, to labor, andl t engage in business Lu any part of th country. How are these principles to be mair tained by the United States In colt nicse? Are these mixed races from th Orient, against some of whorn we hav -passed exclusion laws, to have all t~h rights of citIzenship conferred upo thnm ? Shall they have a voice in th Y government of this country, corres ponding to the voice that we have it the govornmont of theirs ? Or is thi 0 right of suffrage to be given them t( )placate the spirit of the constitution, U while by some 'egerdemain they arc - denied its practical fruits? . Of one thing I am sure-the Amer can people will never consent for those inforior races to flood our land and add another com plication to the labor peob lem. To permit cheap Asiatic labor to 3 come into competition with our intelli Sgeut, well-paid labor will be to degrade and lower our civ ilization. Already in Illinois negroes from Alabama have been shot and driven from thQ State, and such action defended by the Gov ortor. Again, will Americans ever consent to live In the Philippines and aid in the development of its natural - re sourcos and the evolution of barbarians into the light and liberty of cielliza tion ? Inhabitancy is one of the con. ditions to success in colonizlbg.~ Seno ca saiul of the Romans, "Wherever the Roman conquers he iababho." The partial failure of England in India is mainly attributablo to the impossibil ity of getting 10aglishmen to inhabit the country. Her rule of a pontury in India hs not materially chiLnged tho habits or customs of the poople. Enga land has conquered India, i ut her in iluenco would disappear when het' 'do minion as i ruler ended. With Canada and Australia she has been more successful, mainly for the reason that they have been peopled by Englishmen. Our rr-:e is not well adapted to a tropical climate, and it is not probable that Americans will ever people the Piiilippiues ; and if not, our rule will be despotic and woewill noVer make such colonies as will add to the glory of the Iepublic or promote our civilization and'conimorce. I am not opposed to acquiring Porto Rico. Cuba, or any territory on tbis continent that can be Americanized. The people of Porto Rico welcomed our army as liberators, and its march was a triumphal progress. The -est Indies are a part of North America, and our people will rapidly br -ng them into harmony with our free institu I suppose that I might be called a moderate expansionist, hut It seems to me that the United States can well be content w ith the territory of ,North America without roaching out to.the uttermost parts of the earth to em brace a people so different from us in race, religion, and civilization, and who will never be able to appreciate or understand our institutions.. It looks to me as if some of our public men had gone wild on this question of oxpan sion. Here wo stand to-day with gruat is sues of financial reform, labor und trusts questions all sidetracked ; thd whole business of the nation suddenly become artificial ; our people called upon to abandon the safe treadmill of domestic concerns for now ilelds, now thoughts, and frsh hopes, that cannot but prove Illusive. It Is wiser and bet ter to look after domestic politics first, and not avoid grave questions at home in order to join in the International game of land-grabbing. The band of God may have been in the war with Spain, but I do not fool that it is in .obodience to the Divine will that we are pursuing a career of conquest in the Philippines. Uonquest has never boon the handmaid of our civilization or the Christian religion ; their triumphs rest up:n a foundation of peaco. The sword established the religionot Mohammed, but it will nev er spread and maintain the religion of Jesus Christ. I am in favor of the Uni tod States continuing as a peaceful Re public, not a conquering em)iro. We should not become entangled in the ri valries of European kingdoms, but be content with the banishment of Euro. poan tyranny from this hemisphere. I would not sell the principles upon which our Republic is founded for ai mess of pottage in the Philippines. Why should we run after "strange gods ?" Lot this government, movc -along in the same orbit that has trans formed a few scattered colonies into a great nation, and fanned a feeble spark into a beacon light among tile nations Sof tihe earth. Better than wealth, better than "ab territor-y upon which tile sun never sets," is tile transmission to our chii dron of a Republic built up~on the indc structiblo rock of constitutional gov ernment. SE~NATOR HOAR'S 8PEISCH. BILL ARP ENVDORS~ES IT. The Benator Oomcs IFrom Good Stock --Northern Meni Are Rapidly Lear-n ing That, They Made a Mistake About the Negro. I wish I could have heard Senator -hoar make that groat speech int the United States Bonate. T1hat lo-tr family -is no common stock. They have a long -line of Concord ancestors, some of whom were distinguished before the revolutionary war. They are of Puri tan stock, andi always firm and fearlese in defense of their religious faith and political principles. Tho picture of the Senator as ho was makingr his last and greatest speech shows is solidity of character. is foreibead is massive, his lips heavy and compressed, his -lower jaw and chin broad and belliger -ant. His love for his party was founded in its hostility to slavery and the South, b~ut is revorence fortho constitution and all its traditions Is stronger than par-ty. He was an old-line whig and -an abolitionist per so thlough there is -no record that ho exerted his influence to keep is poop 10 from covert in. -Julgenco in the A frican slave trade Lie is e. groat-grandson of Roger Sher -man, and so are William M. Evarti and John and 'recumseh i3horman. Ils elder brother, Ebenezor, wam Grant's attorney general for a year or two, and was distinguished in mnany -high positions, having been a judge 01 the supreme court and a membor o1 the joint high commission that framed the trqaty of Washington in 1871. 'he old ancestor, Samuel Hoar, was an ofli cr in the war of the revolution. ii -son, Samuel, was a promlneot lawyor and a whig politician during thle firsi half of this cen tury. I remembeor wher ho was sent by the Legislature of Mat Ssachusetts to the State of South Caro lina to tost the constitutionality of th( Slaw of that S tato that forbade free col ored persons from coning into it. it took a bold man with a et of fana tioism in his nature to d- Vthat,- but Samuel Hoar dared to do it, and on his arrival in Charleston in 1844 was promptly expelled from th'i city, and then from the State. He left with pru dent alacrity, and it raised an awful rumpus all over Now Eigland, and they threatened to seceau and fight, but John Tylor was president, and they could do nothing bu6 talk and preach and threaten.aml koop up the African slave trade. We college boys wanted to fight, too, and dared Yale and Harvard to come down to the line. It was a newspaper war, and soon blew over, but it cemented and enlarged the abolition party all over th North, and finally brought on the war thpt caused the death of half a millioi men and put a million names on the pension roll. What a commentary on fanati cism ? Grover Cauvoland hit it hard when he eaid : "Tho preachers' are for oxpansion and colonization and posses sion of-the Philippines -that they may convert the nativosj to . Christianity and save their soul. Of course we will have to kill a few hundred thou sanc fist and what is to becomo'of their dead siouls the preachers do not toll us-, but I suppose they can arrange that." And now, after thirty-ivo y*cara of vain experiment and the wasting of millions of money, the North confesses its mistako, and is taking the back track. South Carolina, Mississippi and Louisiana havo virtually olimi natod the negro from politics and re tired him to the fields of industry where God and nature assigned him, and that ablest of all Rlepublican mnagazines, The Review of Ituviews, in commenting upon it says : " It is the opinion of a large majority of the wisest friends of the nogroes that the franchlio of voting in political olec tions hi more harmful than useful to them, and they can well afford to allow white mu.n to do the voting and hold the offices, I( coloredl men are accorded justico'in the courts and have fair and equal oppoietunitibs to obtain education and atwquire. property. It is wholly harmful to colored mon to be appointed .pstinasters ip white communities. Mr. McKinley has mado mistakes A that direction." ' That is good honest talk and is the truth, and is a- sign of repentance. I say repontanco because it is the right word, ior it means to think again the sober, second thought. We old time Southerners who were born and raised in close communion with the negro havo known it all the time that he wasn't fit to vote and that it do graded the white man to buy his vote, and that was the reason why we had such .a low grado of lawmakors and olile holders. No gentleman who respect hinself will buy a nogro's voto and as he can't be elected without it he will not. offer for oflice. This is the general rule and there are few ex coptions. It applies to State, county and municipal politics and oven to con grossional elections. I have known a candidate for mayor In my town to contract with a leader among the no groos for fifty votes at $2 a head and ho got them and was elocted, though the white vote would have defeated him. Our beat people are utterly tired of being dominated by this purchasablo element and have endured it about as long as we can. The truth is apparent that we will never have an honest, decent, respectable Legislature until the ne gro vote is eliminated, for it is a self evident truth that a man who will buy another's vote can himself be bought. But I wouldent base this exclusion upon race or color. I would put it fair and square upon conduct and intelli gence, and if it cut ofi many of the white race, let it cut. There are a good many who ought to be cut. I have morn resp~ect for Gassett and Joe Brown and Uncle Sam and Hayes Milner and Preacher Brico and a few other colored men in our town than for many white men I could name, and I had rather trumst my life or my property in their hands. There ought to be a cornmis sion in every county to purge the 1)0115. We had one before the war to purge the jury box and no disreputable man was allowed to serve on the grand jury. Then, why not purge the ballot box. it would have a good effect upon the rising generation, both white and black. But I do think that our granc old sister State of North Carolina will go to an unsafe and unfair extreme If they give the negro for a school fund no more than their taxes amount to, or rather no more than that proportion of the public school fund, it seoms to me that every child between eight and sixteen should have a chance to learn to road and write, and if the parent can't, pay for it the Stateoshould. But I wouldl have a commission and a school box for that, too, and If the parent wouldent work his children shouldecnt come in. Nothing disturbs my tranquility like having to pay for the schooling of these neogroos who dross fine every Sunday and go on every excursIon that comes along. A bout half of the wenches have got to wearing spectacles and I reckon when the pulic school cranks have a law p~assed for free books they will put in the sipectacles, too. Senator hoar made a great speech and a good speech. I is too old to be a hypocrite or a time server and he spoke his real sentiments and com manded the rapt attention of every man who hoard him. But Solomon said : " Great men are not always wise," and so we can differ with the Sonator,- and many eminent and con scientiouis statesmen do differ. I would vote for that, treaty, but what next to do I could not say. Time and cirounm sta'ndes will have to determine. Even Senator hloar 'may change his mind. LUe is two months younger than I am arnd, of course, lacks two months o1 having as much sense--that is, if folke have sense according to age-which~ theoy ought to have. I bank on the old men. King Reboboam was cursed be cause he forsook the counsel of the old men who had counseled his father, King Solomon, and took counsel froir young men. Some young men are smari and eloquent and can carry the thought less along with them, but when I want wisdom I go to the aged, both men and women, who live around me. Noth Ing is more disgusting than to hear a nert youth make sport of the veterans and sneak of them as banck numbers and behind the times. But enough of this. I forgft that I was an old man snyself and they say 'at self. praise is half scandal. But somehnw my old age has creeped upon me so lyi . - at I cannot reallae it. can stilldeop thd-od and do.a go day's work in the garad'b I'his reminds me. of coived from a friend who until recenti lived near Cassyille in this county an he calls my attention to the neglected ave of my old schoolmate, General William T. Wofford. He was buried at Oassville many years ago and my friend says there is not a stone to mark his grave. Can thiA~ be so? He was a gallant soldier in the war with Mexico an:d a brigadier general in our civil war and distinguished himself in both. That grave must be marked. BILL ARP. BOB TAYX4OR OUT OF OFFICA. HIS ]FAIEWELL TO POLITIOS. He Will Live Hereafter Among the oui tains and Dream the Happy Hours Away. Governor Robert L. Taylor has re tired from olicial life and turned the oflice of Governor over to Benton Mo Millin, who was elected last fall as his sucenssor. The inaugural ceremonies were simple but impressive, and Gov ornor Taylor s poke in his characteristic way as follows : " Mr. Speaker, Ladies and Gentle mon : [iam about to shufe, off this mortal coil of politics and fly away to the heaven of my native mountains, where I may think and dream in peace. safe from the sickening sting of unjust criticism ; safo from the talons of some old political vulture; safe from the slimy kiss and the keen dagger of in gratitude. " I do not mean to say that all politi clans are vultures or that they are all hyprocrites or assassins ; for the great majority of our public men are upright and honest, and worthy of the con tidenco reposod in them by the people; yet, there are black wings in tha poli tical firmament, and reptiles crawl and hiss in every capitol. But, thank God, the live thunders of eternal truth al ways cluar the atmosphere, and 'the hool of justice. will surely bruise the serpent's head. 1 1 do not retire from this office with the rankling - of disappointment and chagrin in my bosom but rather as one who retires from labor to rest; from war to peace; from trouble to happi ness. "I do not retire, the somnambulist of a shattered dream, but with all the buds of hope bursting into bloom and all the bowers of the future ringing with melody. I am contented with my lot in life. Three times I have won the laurel wreath of honor, twined by the people of my native State, and that is glory enough fne me. " While I believe that the good in politics outweighs the bad, yet how thorny is the path and how unhappy the pilgrimage to him who dares to do hi. duty ! There are no flowers except 4 few bouquets snatched from the graves of fallen foes ; there Is no happines# except the transient thrill of triumph, which passes like a ihadow across the heart. " To me there is nothing in this world so pathetic as a candidate. He is like a mariner without a compass, drifting on the tempest-tossed waves of uncertainty, between the smiling cliffs of hope and the frowning crags of fear. le is a walking petition and a living prayer i he is the packhorse of public sentimentl he is the drome dary of politics. And even if he reaches the goal of his ambition, he will soon feel the beak of the vulture in his beart and tho fang of the serpent ia his soul. "I am no longer a candidate. Never again will I be inaugurated into public of11ce. The ark of my humble publie career now rests on the Ararat of private life, and I stand on- its peace ful summit and look down on the re ceding flood of politics. The dove of my destiny has brought me an olive branch from happier fields, and I go hence to labor and to love. " I take with me a heart full of grati tude and a soul full of precious memo rios : gratitude to the people for their unwavering confidence in me; precious memories of my friends who have been kind and true. " The record that I have made Is an open book to all. I am willing to live by that record ; I am willing to die by it. For whatever mistakes I may have committed, I have kept steadily in vie w the honor of the State and the happi ness of the people. "As I have already presented my views on public questions in my reoent message to the General Assembly I deem it unnecessary to further diseuss them on this happy occasion; happy to our new Governor; haPpy toyoughappy to me ; happy to us all. " It only remains for me to bid you all an affectionate and final farewell, andi to express the prayer that the Christ who died for love and mero 's sake will guide our chief executfve and all who shall follow him in the paths of peace and love, and baptise them with the spirit of mercy. F'are well, farewell. "I now have the distinguished honor to close this scene, so far as j am eon cerned. Boenton McMillin Eas given his heart and hand to the State and I now pronounce them man and wife, and may the Lord have m.ero~ on their. souls. The United States bbete ptf~ Hlobson who sunk the Merr mac, bu Tennessee has a 'Merry Mae' that proudly floats in the billow-our own BentonM McMillin." Mr. McMillin spoke at length con cerning the State's great natural ad vantages, and said : " God has mercifully gifren us a goodly land ; let us not mar, it with bad government. We have pledged the people that certain refo$,ms shall be inaugurated ; that wheres salaries are excessive they shall be reduced; that where offices are unnecessary they shall be abolished. A p~Instak. in g administration of afl .the State's affairs has been promised. Let us 0o forward and faith fully and (earlessl fulfill every pledge and keep every promise. Th'ere should bi -officers enough in the State's service to run it successfully. They should be paid a fair and reasonable compensgtion foi their services--no mlore, Ro e9