The people's journal. (Pickens, S.C.) 1891-1903, June 24, 1897, Image 1
THE PEO PLSD JOAL.
VOL.~~~~N 2.--O 2897 PINENS DOLA A. YEAR.Y JNEI
THE NEW EVANG
" The Equality, of Bu
of Be
TIL.LMAN'S Ti
Delivered in the United Si
June
Mr. President; the discussion of the
taritf bill which h,ts been proceedin
hero, or progressing, in a one-sided
way, for some ten days, presents a re
markable condition of polit-ical f.!eling
and a nebulous state of mind on the
part of many men on both sides of the
Chamber. The IR..publicans by com.
mon consent, under stress of party
orders, I suppose, given by the caucus,
nit quietly by and vote. 'They say
nothing. They seemaafraid to say any
thing. The iniquities they are per
petrating upon Oe A merican people
are so outrageous that t.iey prefer not
to discuss them even, but tney press
relentlessly forward with the intention
of carrying out their compact witn the
trusts and monopolies; and every
schedule prepared by the party caucus
is voted for by them unanimously.
Tne Democrats are in a condition of
transition. They do not know exactly
where they are. 'Tue older, more re
nowned, more experienced leaders of
the party stand up and proclaim their
allegiance to the old doctrine, time
honored, ancient. We had an exhibi
tion yesterday of an impassioned
speech based upon the Walker tariff,
brought forward at this late day as
true Dmocratic doctrine. Seu,sion,
nullification, and other is,,ues which
have been settled and have passed out
of the minds of men as liv.ug qu-stions
had just as well be brought in here.
The tariff is not a principle unless it
be that it rests on principle. It is
merely a question of policy a: to how
the Government shali derive its
revenue. It has been talked about so
much and so long and so abiy that I
can not expect to present any new
phase of it ; but I propose as one hum,
ble representative of a State on this
floor, to give some views that may be
mine only, but which appear to me to
be those which should obtain in gov
erning men who comke ihra to fL--ue
taritis.
What Is the true doctrine of taritf
taxation, the American dottr ini, the
patriotic doctrine, the statesman's
doctrine? I for one stand ready to
confess and announce my faith ir the
belief that it is t: the best interests of
the American people as a whole that
everything consumed by our people
should be produced by our people, if it
is possible. If that be Republican
doctrine, then i am a [.epubliean. If
it is not Democratic doctrine, it ought
to be Democratic doctrine.
It is not necessary for me to state,
because it is known to all students of
history, that those nations which con
line all their labors to one product. or
to agriculture only, are pauper nations.
They do not progress ; they do not
achieve any place in history that
amounts to anything. They uo not
gather wealth ; they do not produce
cultu"e ; they have not advanced civi
lization. Therefore, I announce as a
hypothesis that we ought to diversify
our industries as far as we can give
emlohyment to as many men of as
many oecup)ations as can get work at
a prolitable figure.
We do not want all farmers in this
country. We want to have manu
factures. And why do we not want
any more farmers just now ? Because
we are to-day producing more of
the stall crops of exp)ort raised
on the farm than we can get a living
or decent price for ; and why in
God's name should we undertake by a
tam-ilffpolicy to drive from the factories
and fr-om the cities to the farm more
coimpletitor's to p)rod uce cotton and
wheat to export at a loss ? We do not
want any more farmers. What we
want is a tarlilfso levied that the farm
er- shall not be robbed foir the "enehit
of the laborer in the cities and that he
shall have an ujual chance In life to
get that for his family and for his comn
fort that the D)eclaration of Indepen
dence decla'es is the inalienable right
of every freeman.
There Is a reciprocity of interests
here. The farmer wants a mar-ket for
that which he produces ; the manu
facturer wants a mar-ket for that which
he piroduces. There Is no conilict of
interest between these two when their
Interests are weIghed in an equal
balance by honest legislators. It, Is
only when you throw into the scale In
favor of manufacturers your lawe
which give them undue advantage,
when you rob the p)rodlucing far-mcr
for the benefit of the manufacturer,
tbat any man has a right to complain.
From the foundatIon of t,his Govern
ment there have been those who con
tended that the manufacturers should
be0 protect,ed and a home lnterebt, buli
up which would supply the Aniericar
market with all the manufactured
articles necessary. On the other hand,
those engaged in agriculture have de
clared that they were unjustly deall
with and were forced to buy from thes<
men at a hIgher price than they coult
buy in Euhrope. The tai h discusson:
has gone on along those lines from th<
beginuing of the Government until to
dlay.
Now, for the first time In our his
tory, when this p)rotetive policy ha1
borne its fruit and( the pauplerizhe(
farmer stands hoe- with his skinny
bony hands begging justice and equa
lity, and the oppot,tunity Is given you
by a bounty on his exports, to givi
him some comp)ensation for the rob
bory that he has undergone for a con
tur-y, you sit in stony silence, yoi
sneer, you elevate your eyehrows, yo!
refuse to disc,uss the p)roposition as uti
worthy of debate, and you exp)ect, t
see this idIotic farmer not know tha
you had the opportunity to give hir
some moed of justice and you refuse
It.
But I pledge you my word and honom
gentlemen, you are face to face wit
EL OF DEMOCRACY.
rdens and the Equality
inefits."
ARIFF SPEECH.
ates Senate on the 10th of
1897.
an issue that you can not shirk or
dodge, and both parties will have to
face it in the near future, because the
9,000,000 men in this country, who are
engaged in agriculture and who are
face to face with pauperism and bank
ruptcy, whose farms are slipping from
be-neath them and are being ab:orbed
by loan and trust companies that loan
them money, will settle with you at
the t-Ollot box as to whether you shall
continue to take from their pockets
their hard-earned dollars to give t'
the manufactaring industries and give
them nothing in return.
How has the tariff policy of protec
tion, which has been the governing
principle ever since the war, and even
before the war to a limited degree,
worked ? It was intended by domestic
competition to reduce prices; but in
stead it has been the means and in
strument of building up domestic
monopoly to raise prices, and the
wealth that has poured into the coffers
of a few thousand men, or 10,000, or
50,000, or 100,000 engaged in and who
own manufactures, has been taken
from the hard- earnings of the masses
of the people, and you have got to
settle with these farmers if you now
refuse them redress.
Trusts and monopolies could not
exist if the products of those trusts
were admitted free of duty ; but when
you erect barriers between us and the
foreign market and allow no oppor
tunity for the Import of these things,
you put it in the power of the domestic
manufacturers, by forming combina
tions among themselves, to lix the
price that they choose to charge in the
home market, and the farmers ruust
pay a bounty to these men and can
not help themselves.
You Republicans proclaim the
docrine a cardinal one of " America
for the Americans." To that I say
amen, for I am an American. But I
want you to include in that charmed
circle of Amnrica for Americans 'he
farmer along with the rest, and give
us an equal showing. As I am a farm
er pure and simple, as I never had any
other occupation and never had any
other means of income but from the
farm, 1 can stand he.e with more pio
priety, possibly, than any other man
and demand equality and justice. I
can not hope to do more than supple
ment the able, masterly, unanswerable
argument presented yesterday by the
Senator from Utah [Mr. Cannonj, but I
am prepared to auvance some argu
ments that will stagger some of you to
I answer.
The cry is, " Protect American
labor against the pauper labor of
Europe," It is your sole reliance in
appealing to the voters to say, " We
do not want the prices which we pay
you for your work to sink to the level
of your European competiLors."
Who competes with the American
farmer? Where are you driving him?
Take the producer of wheat. V no are
his competitors ? The people of India,
Argentina, and Russia. Take the cot
ton grower. Who competes with him ?
Trhe people of Egypt and India. You
are driving the producers of those
stap)le crops, which are largely ex
p)orted, to the level of the paupers who
work in Egypt, In India, in Argentina,
and in Russia. You can not deny the
prop)osition.
As long as we had a monetary system
which gave us fair prices for our ex
ports, we could stand the competition
by reason of our rich virgin soil and
our improved machiner-y and the
superior industry and intelligence of
the American farmer. But we have
got to a point, since the repeal of the
Sherman law and the final annihilia
tion of silver as money, where we are
face to face with a crisis In agricul
tural affairs In this country ; and you
gentlemen who are pressing madly on
ward, imagining that you can hold
your farmer- vote, that you can hold
the wheat grower to your standard by
pretending that he will be benefited
indirectly while you can not give him
a bounty and can not compensate him,
will find when this question is present
ed to him, as it will be p)resented in
the next two years, that you must ex
plain why you refuse to give the farm
er equality and justice In this scheme
of prot,ection. If you ,can hold his vote
af ter he shall be made to clearly under
stand the class favoritism involved In
the rcfusal to vote this bounty then he
will deserve his fate, and will be a fit
"mudsill" to serve as a basis of the
plutocracy which now controls In this
cou ntry.
I have too much resp)ect for the de
scendlants of the New Englanders and
citizens of the Middle States, who
have moved 'to the West and who are
to-day producing wheat at a loss, to
helieve that you can hold them In your
par'ty If you refuse to do them justice.
A\nd as for my friends on this side who
elevate their brows and sneer at the
Idea of a bounty as not being Demo
cratic, I will, before I get through,
show to you that you are clinging to
the letter and not the spir-it of Demo
cracy, and that if you refuse to doI
justice to your own fellow-citizens by|
your votes here, they will hold you to
a strict accountability.
I said a moment ago that the Ameri
can farmers furnishes the exports with
which you pay your foreign exchanges.
I give the exact figures. All the ex
ports sent abroad by this country in
- 189(1 amounted to $863,000,000. Of that
isum, the farmers dug odtaof the ground
i andl shipped, because the home market
- wouldi would not take it, $593,000.000
. worth, or- nearly three-fourths. Y'ou
t are not able to consume his sur-pius,
and he Is forced to sell wherever he
I can find a buyer. You force him to
buy at home In a market the prices of
, which have been raised from "20 per
i cent ad valorem." which is the true
un!oss'tl 18 bounty feature is incorpora
te d in the bill ; and the S,nators from
those other Western States will have
an opportunit,y to explain why they
will vote here against this proposition
to give compnesation to the American
producer on the farm when we hear so
much aboutcompensatory duties for the
woolen manufacturer by reason of the
tax that is given in these schedules
iere to the wool producer.
Why are these inen to be left out in
the cold? Why are they ignored in
this scheme of tariff taxation? Why
is no com p.nsation given to them? Why
is there no euality, no equity, no jus
tice to them. Gentlemen, when you
meet your constituents and they ask
you why, I hope you will have your an
swers ready, because I tell you they are
going to ask you.
You may drag this juggernaut-car
policy with its double team of protec
tion and gold monometalism over the
prostrate forms of the farmers, you may
mash them deeper into the mire of
pov"3rty than they are already, but a
day Is comuing when they will turn and
say, "Your party of lIepublicanism to
day is a byword and a hissing. We in
herited the princi pits of A brahamt I- An
coin ; we fought for those principles
during the war, and one of those prin
eiples, which was dearer to us than i
any other, was the cquality of men, t
even the b!ack man with the
white. We she d our blood to emaci- I
pate the negroes of the South, and you I
have in turn placed us in a condition of
ilavery that is as hopeless as thiet of
the slaves who we re held as chattels."
We have it here boldly procl-timed t
that there is an alliance between the e
Eastern manufacturers and the wool- I
growers of the West by means of which t
alone this tariff bill can go through. e
The two sections in alliance against the I
balance of the country boldly march up t
here through their representatives, t
join forces, and say: "Give us wool du- I
ties and take your compensation on the
woolen manafactures." Then they join i
in and give the sugar trust and every
other trust all it asks for. Will there a
be no day of reckoning? If the re be I
none, then the spirit of liberty in <
America is dead and the farmers of the t
West are hopelessly enslaved already.
Here is a quotation from Albert Gal- <
latin, in a menorial to Congress in
1831, in which this very danger is I
pointed out, and the danger which al- <
ways confronts a legislative assembly I
which c"mes here composed of men i
who do not rise to the dignity of Amer- i
lean Senators, whorcome here as the i
representatives of States only. Mr.
Gallatin said :
The true problem to be solved in the
United States is not whether the peo
piecan'govern themselves, of which not
the slightest doubt can be entertained,
but whether that government can be
successfully applied to an extensive
territory embracing interests which
must occasionally be in collision with
each other; whether majorities formed
by combinations of sectional int,erests
will be so governed by it sense of justice
and a spirit of conciliation as not to op
press those parts of the country whose
rights, though they may be in a minoi -
ity, ought nevertheless to be respected.
What is the wool clip of the United
States worth ? Thirty million dollars;
and yet there is a combination between
the Senators representing the States
largely int- rested In wool-growing, who
make that acondition upon which their
votes shall be given, with the States
interested In manufacturing, while
both through this tariff bill, which is
higher in many respects than any we
have had, utterly ignore the rights and
interests of the great masses of people
engaged in farming. Boldly you ally
yourselves together, the extreme sec
.onal West. and the 10ast. Dare you
oppress theMildle States and the South
engaged in the pro-d uction of agricul
tural exports ? You aae offered an op
port,unity to give them compensator-y
(duties by a bounty. Will you do it ?
Dare you refuse It ? There Is vea-y lit
t,le you will not dare, but there is a day
of reckoning foa- you .epublicane, as
there has been for the D)emnocratic par
ty when it was false to the p)eop)le and
recognized not that there was a -day of
judgment coming.
Deamocrats here prioclaimn that "tarlf
for revenue only" is alone true D)emo
cratic doctrine. It has already been
pocinted out- that this word "only" was
stricken out In the last D)emocratic
convention. I could give the history of
it, but it is not necessaary, excep)t that
we saw after the passage of the Wilson
bill, which was a p)rotective tar-IIf, thatj
any contention along those lines wasI
simply a waste of time and wolmd put
the party in a false p)osition.
Mr'. President, it is not worth while
for us to discuss here how the word
"only" came to be left out of the ilat
form, or why. I will say thuis, however-,
that the reason It was btricken out, was
because we wished to confIne the atten
tion of the countr-y and light the battle
on the money (question only. We did
not care to have the tar-iff brought into
it as an issue at all ; and after the paIs
sage of the Wilson bill, those of us who
were pecrhaps more advanced than the
Senator faroam Missouri in our idleas on
this question did not feel that we coul
consistently contandl about the word
"only' when the Wilson bill froem one
end to the other had r-ecognizedl tihe
protective p)rinciple, and1 that t,he partLy
stood committed to the acknowledg
ment that it was right andI proper -m
expedient, if you choose-to piroteet
Aamerlcan lad ustries.
The tariff was not an issue an the last
campaign, except as it was made such
in those States where we did not light,
where there was nlo contention by the
followers of Mr. Hryan at all again:-t
onslaught of the othber side. We tsur
rendered the Northeastern section of
the country as cominntted wholly andl
irrevocably to the gold monomania, and
we made our fight, In the WVest and
South. It is not the Issue now, and it,
can not be made the issue ; and the
way we vote here will not affect the
next election one way or tihe other,
except that those of you who have fool
ed your constit,uents by proclaiming
that we must "open thae mills insteadl
of opcening the mints" have got to show
Sprosperity in the next eIghteen months
I or you will stand conemned and the
. thousands of workmen who votei your
.ticket on that iledge will vote fr
isomebody eise. You have got to show
how you can give prosper-ity under the
n gold standard by Increasing taxes, and
y without any effort-or rather with only
, a futile elfort-to i-ease the prIces to
n the fa'.mer on export products; andi if
you give him noneof this money which
you proprose to wring from the pooplc
by this tariff bill, he will settle with
ou the sooner and the more effectual
y.
Somebody will ask, and all of youar<
asking in your minds now, what righi
have you to take money out of th<
Treasury and pity a bounty to anybody
what right have you to raise money by
taxation and pay it out in bounties
You R p'tblicans can answer that, whet
you explain by what right you took
money out of the Treasury and vaid it
bounty to the sugar planters of Louisi.
ana, not on exports, but on what they
produced. But I want t: ask you wht
dispute the right to take money out 01
the Treasury and pay it out in bounties,
what right, have you to levy taxer
which take money outof the pockets ol
the peopl and pay bounties to the man
ufacturer ? You may call it a tarilf,
but it is a bounty on manufacturing,
and the farmer. has to pay one-half o'
it. What I mean is that the agricul
turat population of this country being
Etbout one-half of it, therefore, In pro
portion to consumption, th ,y pay one
iaif of the tariff duties of this country,
td they get nothing in return. What.
'ight, if we come to the question of
'ight and wrong, have you to Ltkei
noney from these peop e and pay it as
t bounty to manufacturers ?
I believe that it has been asst rtee
iere by almost every Democrat who
tas had anything to say about the in
quities of this bill that it proposes a
eme of robbery by which the people
ire to be mulcted, robbed, not so much
o put money Into the Treasury, but in
lirectly by raising the price of all that
i consumed in the country. I think
,he Senator from Texas IMr. Mill] cal
:ulated yesterday that for one dollar
)aid in revenue the bounty to the man
ifactui ing industries would be some
.hing like twelve hundred million dol
ars. The figures were staggering.
L'o take the most conservative esti
nate, if the benelits to the protected
ndustries by means of the tariff
mount to $3 to the manufacturers and
heir employees as compared to $1 re
,eived by the Government, it would
itill be an enormous amount.
Is it not robbery ? Will some )omo
rat dare say that he does not think it
a robbery? How many of you have
;tated that it is robbery ? Well, my
olleagues, my follow-Senators, my
)rethren of this party, who stand up
ind proclaim the doctrine of equal
-ig hts for all and special privileges to
one as the cardinal principle of Den
)cracy, if it be robbery in this bill to
ake from the masses of the people
,hose hundreds of millions of uollars
tnd pay it into the colfers of the manu
acturers and into the coffers of the
Government, how will you face yo
ionst,ituents and vote against a provi
sion i this same bill which will restore
a minitum amount, a very small ro
portion of the amount that they hav(
been robbed of ?
It is not a question of whether it I
Democratic policy or not to pay bpun
ties, because you are not responsible fo
this' measure. You have got to take I
whether you like it or not, and yoi
have an opportunity by this amend
ment, with the help of a few it epubli
cans over hero who are not lost to al
sense of shame and decency and pa
triotism, to put the farmer on somte
basis, however small, on an equality
with the balance of the country ; and
you can not be accused of having de
sorted yo a' party policy or your tarty
platform or anything else if you try t.
%mend the bill so as to do justice to
our own State, to your own constitu
ants, and to the farmers throughout
,he country, without, regard to polities
)r section.
You can not get around the proposi
,ion that if i, is robbery to i,ake it away,
t would be honest,y and patiotism and
[Democracy to restore it. It is not ii
:tuestion of par'ty policy, It is not ii
:iuostion of whether you would favoa
bounties per~ so as a p)arty policy If yet
had the framing of the bill, but it ii
simp)ly a question as to whether yet
will endeavor to amend this bill in t
way to do justice to your people.
This may be "a r,ew Democracy,
which seeks to lead some of us into t.hc
iamp of the enemy," as the Senator
rrom Texas twitted us with yesterday.
I t may be "a new evangel of Democi'a
ay" to ask you to amend this Iniquli,ous
arilf measure or vote to amnond it so as
~o restore to youra peOople that whIch you
aay they have beien rob)bedl of ; but to
ny r.ind it is tbe essen*e of D)emocra
~y to p)roclaim eqlualit,y, tbe cardinal
loctr'ino of our p)arty, rather than t.o
>lrfe' youi' constituents the dIry husk
tnd the Sodom aplesC of p)arty p)lat
orerms for "revenue only."
It is not a q1uestion of how you are
going to get the money. TIhe money is
t,here. T1hey p)roclalm that they expectat
surp us; they arc proclaiming that they
want t,o increase the gold reserve to
e15,00,000,, so ats to absor b some of th is
p)rosp)ective surlus. Tihey have pro-0
claimed a desire to retire the green
b)acks by locking up this money in the
Treasury. You have the opportunit,y
t,o for'ce them to show their hands by
voting to pay out $l0,000,000 to the
far'mei's who make wheat and cotton
who have been robbed in every sched
ule of this bill, and you say, "'No ; I will
not do it because it is not Democratic
it is not, for revenue only." Great God.
such Deimocracy 'They ask you fom
b)readI and you oifer them a stonue ; they
ask you for an adlherence to your- prin
ciles and you p)ut, up) a mummy label
ed "Tariff for' revenue only." Trh<
(luestion is wit,h you gentlemen. N<
doubt you will vote In accordance witi
what you bulieve is your duty.
I say this as a farmer who has fel
the iron (unter' his soul hy reason of thi
injust,ice andi inIquitIes practiced b:
the prmotective tariff ; and in the nam
of the cotton and the wheat growers,
say here that if it Is not D)emocratic t
vote for this, then I am noe Democral
You have got the telescope with th
big end close to your eye, the little on
away off 'yonder, and at the other en
you see, "Trarlff foi' revenue only.
Tiurn it ar'ound.and you wi1 see "'Equa
ity" as the cardinal dloctrine of Don
ocmracy ; "I~q ual rights, for all, sp)ech
privileges to none ;" "The greatet
goodl to the greatest number." T1hee
ai'e the fundamental principles of D)en
ocracy as I understand the word, an
Ii0ppos to stand by them. You wi
not accep)t It, you wiil not support I
you will not vote for it because you p1
party platforms above party principle
and party policy above the purincipi
of .Jefferson and of Json. Well e
Democratic proposition I believe, to
somewhere between 100 and 150 pel
cent on many articles and an averag
of over 50 per cent oni a1l.
Then you turn around and in thih
tariIf you (tTer him " all the protection
possible" by giving him 25 cents a
bushel on wheat, 15 cents a bushel on
corn, 30 cents a bushel on barley, and so
on through the agricultural schedule,
and while the taxgatherer comes
around yearly and while the mortgage
eats and gnaws day and night upon his
home, the one that this Government
may have given him, feeling that it is
slipping from beneath his feet by these
unjust conditionr, you expect him te
vote the Republican ticket because,
forsooth, you have given him "protec
tion " in this scheme by a tariff on
these articles.
It is an insult to his intelligence, and
if the man who framed it-I do not
know who did it-has an agricultural
constituency that is worth a fillip, he
would never see the lightof this Cham
ber any more after they got a chance
to vote upon it. You know sit is an in
sult to proclaim that the farmer gets
any benefit from these tariff duties.
But, Mr. Presider.t, who and what
are some of these men who are thus
disciminated against ? L,t us con
sider for a moment, if we please, two
brothers born in Germany, who, fuel;
ing that they could better their condi
tion by _migrating to America, set out
rrom there twenty years ago and came
to our shores. One of them stopped
romewhere eastward of here, in New
York, or Massachusetts, or Pennsyl
vania, or some one of those manufac
turing States, and went into manu
acturing. The other one moved west
yard, pressing on beyond the Missis
,ippi into the virgin fields of Iowa,
Kansas, or Nebraska. and by the bounty
)f the Government was given 160 acres
Af land, upon which he settled and be
an to farm.
Let us follow them on and see Low
hey are treated. They both become
American citizens, and they are both
Amorican laborers, so to speak. They
same to this "land of the free and
2some of the brave," its Government
ounded upon the immortal declara
don that " all men are born free and
;qual, and have an inalienable right
o life, liber y, and the pursuit of hap
iness." F'ron the day when the farm
)r settled in Nebraska on his quarter
rection he has been inulted and
inched and some of his substance
aken for the benefit of the brother
who went to manufacturing under the
)rotective tarifi.
How many of the farmers are foreign
3rs ? They are as clever and as
uood men as we have, many of them
[ mean the intelligent portion of them.
But to give you a little insight as to
the situation, I will take the nine
States of Maine, New Hampshire, Ver
mont, Massachusetts, Rnode Island.
Connecticut, New York, New Jersey,
and Pennsylvania. The total of foreign
born citizens 10 years of age and upward
engaged in gainful occupations there
is 2,199.120. How many of these are
engaged in farming ? Two hundred
and forty-six thousand eight hundred
and sevonty.tive. How many are en
gaged in manufacturing ? E ght hun
dred and ninety-nine thousand nine
hundred and forty-six. That is
all very well. It seems very well
to have the 246,000 farmers mulct
ud and taxed on what they buy for
the benefit of 899,000 who went into
manufacturing.
But let us go further. Take the
twelve wheat-growing States known
is the Middle West-Ohio, Indiana,
[Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin, Min
iesota, Iowa, Missouri. North Dakota,
3outh Dakota, Nebraska, and Kansas.
l'he total number of foreign-born
itizens engaged in gainful occupations
Uas 2,13,603; the number engaged in
igriculture was 837,357. The number
angaged In manufacturing industries
wa 524,831. You make the 837,000
rar'mer-s pay tribute to their brethren
who are engaged in manufacturing In
.lustries in their own States as well as
in the Eastern States, and when they
go to sell their p)roducts of wheat, bee,
sheese, butter, and other things, after
they have given to this country all it
aan consume, they have to send the
surp)lus abroad, where they comp)ete
with their brethren in Europe on
an eqluality, while the foreign-born
Amer-ican manufacturer compietes with
his brethren in Europe with the pro
tective tarifY thrown around him, by
which he is enabled to rob the same
brother who came with him, and to
rob the native-horn American who is
fool enough to farm under these con
ditions.
Now we come to the Ishmaelite
section, which has no rights, which
never has had any rights since the
war that anybody is bound to respect.
I give the ten cotton States, North
Carolina, Soutn Carolina, Georgia,
F'iorida, Tennessee, Alabama, M issis
slippi, Louisiana. Texas, and Arkansas.
The total foreign population of those
States in gainful occupations is 172,
503, of whom 58,142 are engaged in
agriculture and 36,429 are engaged1 in
manufacturing. It does not matter, of
course, that the S.>uth to-day furnishes
a larger p)roportion and possesses S
large proportion of native-born Ameri
cans, descendants of those who foughi
the battles of the Revolution, than any
other portion of the country. But
though we are laboring under the barl
of secession and the effort to disrupi
the Government, and have paid out
thousands of milllons for seceding, wc
are still face to face with the demanc
of the daughters of the horse-leech tc
give, give, give.
The cry is : Meet your comnpetitora
InlIndia and Egypt and fight it out
and if an effort is made here, througi
a bounty on exports, to give those mer
a scintilla of the amount taken frorr
them by unjust tariff taxation, the re
pr esentatives to those cotton Statei
will stand here and vote against th<
propiosition, no'doubt upon the grount
that it is not Democratic cetrine.
When interrupted, Mr. PresIdent,
had just given the figures showing th4
immigration here and how unfairly th
immigrant from Europe who had goni
to the West and settled there as far me
had been treated1 In comparison witl1
his brother who had settled in the East
The Senator from Minnesota [Mr
Nelson I whose State has upwardl c
100,000 of these foreign-born citizens
nearly all of them farmere, ia ay explal
to them when he gets home where the
come in under these tariY schedulei
and what good protection does the,
Too
''hat is, we are too bu
Low Prices keep us busy.
Ihe Racket Store is t
ways buy what you want c
we mean what we sav.
Uur competitors cah a
acknowledge the'charge an
of this county to say hett
Store has been a benefit to
Us goods as the best.
Bought at Low Prices,
and our customers rejoice
Racket Store is doing for t
Asking that one and al
to " Underbuy and Undersi
Yours in dev
NEW YORK F
i,asley, 5. t .
P". S.---Still remember
will get a nice carriage this
plain it if you can when you come to
faco your const,ituents.
lFor my part, I believe in getting
everything out of this tariff business
that we can get, for if the policy of the
Government is to be one of robhery or
to be one of special classes and privi
leges. while I know it is unpossible for
the Southern States to get anything
aike their share, then when I can put
anything into the bill which wiiI give
us only a smnall proportion of what is
our due, I shall vote to put it there. A
tariff tax on cotton will do us no good.
There are very few planters oat of the
millions who raise cotton who grow
sea island or long-staple cotton or any
thing of that kind. The tax on wheat,
the tax on cortn, will do the Western
farmers no good, and you know it. D
you think we are idiots and fools, that
you can cram that down our throatt
and get us to vote with you on the pro
position ? Do you not know that thla
country can not absorb our surplus an(
that we have got to export it? Do yoi
r.ot know that the surplus is lowerei
in price by reason of the destruction c
one of the money metals of the world
Do you not know the only way I
which you can,raise the price of agr
t, cultural exports is to restore silver an
thereby increase the volume of th
money of the world ?
You do know It: and yet you aL
"We can not relieve the America
farner because we must h ve internu
tional bimetallism." You erect a bar
rir between us and I,urope, your tariff
and traen you say, "We can not allo'
l; ag;ish free traiers to dictato oua
tariff policy ;" but we allow the 11nglis1:
aaundholders to come in and buy out
Governmanut and control our Senatc
and dictate our policy in everything tc
keep these men down as though they
were untdur tihe astLrdiy heel of the
Spanish batcher, Woyler. You do
thubu tihings, and yet you btand herc
a;aiiuting ,ai, you are 61he aposties o:
Lincoln, when you are unworthy to un
tie the shoe latchets of that great man
if he were living ; and you, my Demo
cratic friends, stand here and proclai
thait you are the followers of .1 etfurson
when you refuse to undo this iniquit
so far- as you can, to restore to the peo
pea small prop)ortio n that you nay thi
bills robs thomn of.
Feor any p)art, I take my stand fo
"tuaality of benefit and equality o
burden" as the highest and nobles
princile1 of Democracy, and will figh
for it here andl elsew hero as long as]
have breath. I may be alone now, bul
the time will come speedily when thai
prninciple will triumph in this Govern
mont, or libarty will cease to claimr
America as her home.
T11 WE I IATIE ICI AND) CROPs.
Valuaablo in i'ormaationa to TIhose Inter
este<(Il n Farmanaltg Operations.
Th'le following is the weekly bulletir
issuied b)y the weaither bur-eau In Co
lutmbia ais to the condition of the cropa
in tais State
Thue temper-aturoe was about normal
the mean for the week haiving been 7(
while the normal is approximnately 77.
Tihe fore pairt of the week was below~
normal while the last throce days wert
very warm. The highest temporatura
reportedl was 100 on the 12th at B3eau
fort ; the lowest 57 on the 9th at Co
lumbla.
The weaithor was showery on Lhb
7th, 8th andl 9t,h, and showery condi
Lions prevailed in p)laces on the 12th
floavy washing rains occurrred durini
first, of the week, with considerabi
flooding of lowlands, and material in
jury to cr'ops in spartanburg, Green
viyleo, i"airfi bid, Clarendon, Newborry
l':dgeliclid, Orangebur'g,Blarnwell. Laur
ens, Greenwood, Anderson, York
K(orshaw, Laincaster, aind Bamaberg
IAt the close of the week it was stil
too wet to plo0w hottoms, and in place
3 uplands, in Chester, Chesterfield
[~ ierkeley, Spartanburg, Bamberg an
> orry.
,.rho average of 50 aneasurements fe
3 the week was 2 07, and the normal
I alpproximaitely 1.01. 7 p)laces reporte
I less than I .00 of rain, 24 places from
"' to 2 inches ; 19) ulaces over tw
inches, aamong them were the fc
lowing heavy rains: Bllackvil
I3.619; Mount Clare, 41.18; Looper
t 5.93 ; .Jetfferies Creek, 3.10 ; Pin
C polls, 41.44; Barkedale, 4.10; Santu
a- 3.1i. 'rhe correspondent at lmi
dI S partanburg, reports nearly 15 incha
II of rain in (1 hours on the 7th. It
t, described as having been in the natu
at of a cloud-burst. Streams in the vi
s, . nity were higher than ever known a
)s ja great deal of injury to crops, et
Busy!
sy to write very much. Our
ie place where you can al
heap When we say cheap,
s by cheap names, and we
d leave it to the good people
ier the New York Racket
them or not. Our goods are
so let our competitors weep
At the good the New York
Eie people of this county.
I remember that our motto is
we are
.d earnest,
ACKET STORE,
CLYIl)I & NAILI,Y, Proprietors.
.he Surry offer. Some one
fall FREE I
Hail, doing material injoury to corn,
cotton, fruit and tobacco, ocurrevd in -
Edgelield, Fairfield, Anderson. Ma' u n
Sumter, Chester, Pickens, Clare,,<ion,
Florence, Hampton and 0 -ang--ou,-g.
Hall also fell, but without doin- any
material injury in Spartanburg, N. w
berry, Barnwell, Lexingtou, Mich
land, Chesterfield. Darlington and
Saluda.
Sunshine varied greatly in ditferent
portions of the State, but averaged
about normal with 63 per cent. of the
possible.
The adverse conditions of the past
week were altogether physlcal and
therefoee local, and consisted mainly
of high water flooding bottom lands ;
heavy rains washing slopns, and hail
beating down corn, cotton and tobacco
Couparatively Hp. aking, the damage
was conlined to iinitod ar=as in the
counties already uameud. Lron Ab
bovillo and lower Barnwell reports
I were received of crops sufering for
rain, and from Spartanburg, Chester,
I Lancaster and Chestertield of too
I much rain for plowing and that crops
. are getting to be foul.
n Chinch bugs continue to destroy
I- corn and other vegetation over Ches
d ter and York ; cut, worms in D.)rohes
a ter, Colleton, Hampton and Williams
burg, but corn has generally made
rapid growth and in many places Is
a being laid by. The corn crop does not
come up to an averago condition in
- either size or stand, owing principally
to broken stands on bottom lands
caused by worms. Replanting still
going on.
Cotton made fair and altogether
iatisfacto"y progress during the week.
Grass threatens the crop in some lo
calities, but the plant is of sufiicient
size, and the prevailing hot, sunny
weather will enable farmers to kill
grass readily, and is also the weather
best suited for the development of
tcotton.
Squares are reported plentiful where
the plant is large enough, but cotton
- s unseasonably small everywhere.
1 Blooms have bnen noted in Ba~trnwell,
, ut are as yet scarce. Lice infest
some fields, but are not general.,
- Tobacco has dove loped rapidly lately
s and is now in excellent condition, ex
cept that worms are numerous in
SFlorence, while In Florence and Clar
endon, and to a lesser extent In some
1. other counties in the tobacco district,
hail has done material injury to the
plant.
Rice is growing nicely, but in Col
leton young rice has been attacked by
caterpillars with, however, but slight
injury as yet. In the Georgetown and
Hlorr'y dIsatricts rice is doing well.
Peas are being sown on stubble
land and in with corn. Seed scarce
in Chuster and Georgetown, but re
ported plentiful in Newberry county.
Wheat harvest has made fair pro
gress and the yield is generally rep)ort
ed up to an average, and very satis
factory.
Oats harvest nearly completed for
winter sown. The yield about up to
an average. Spring sown has im
p roved but will be a poor crop neverthe
less. Some oats shocked on the fields
were damaged slightly by the rains
early in the week.
Melons are doing better since the
rains, but have a poor stand and in
places are attacked by bugs. will be
late.
Trransplanting sweet p)otato draws
continues. One locality reports draws
scarce, but generally they are plenti
ful.
In the truck ing districts the condi
tIons have improved very much and
.late vegetables are doing well.
- Pastures have revived and now af
ford good grazing. Gardens in ox
.cellent condition. Minor crops, such
,as sugar cane, sorghum, pinders, Irish
.lpotatoes, and other food and forage
Scrops arc fully up to or above average
a condition.
J. V. BAUER, Director.
-R~ussia penal statistics show that
r In the dominion of the czar thei women
Scriminals outnumber the men by nearly
Sfifty per cent., just as the contrary
Sbeing the case in other countries. Most
0 of the women criminals are unmarried,
- and the majority come from the labor
0 ing classes in the cities.
a- -The extreme of luxury has per
e, haps been reached by the sultan of
in Morocco. He has a narrow gauge
e, railway running through all the rooms
is of his palace, and travels about on a
re sort of sleigh propelled by a little motor.
31. The " line " ends at his bedyoom.
nd --What is a man profited who gains
c., a hundred dollars worth of property
and loses $10,000 worth of nar.at.r1