Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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South Carolina in the 'Rcvolutloo, EXPLOITS OF PATRIOTS IN THE PIEDMONT REGION. The Hlistorleal Skotelh Whioll Won a Gold Medal---Entertaining Review of* 1 he Country aJ'i-tho People. lowing as the prize essay writton byMi ry Karlo Lyles, daughter of Mr. Wm. H. Lyles, of Columbia, which* captured for the fair author the beautiful gold medal of fored by the Columbia chapter of the Dalgltters of ite Revolution for the best h istorlctal sketch proeonted : Upper South Carolina "embraced," says Logan, "in the modern Districts of Abbeville, Anderson, Edgelield, Greenville, Pickens, Nowberry, I .aur ens, Union, Spartanburg, Fairleld, Chester, Lancastor, York and Rich land, is the classic ground of the American Revolution." That it was a country of surpassing beauty and fertility is abundantly shown by the testimony of ite writ ers of that period. Lord Cornwallis said of Fairileld, a typical country : " I can conceive of no fairer region, taking into consideration its fertile soil, mild climate, its long drawn beau tiful valleys and glorious highlands., The forests have boon described as peculiarly grand and imposing, and through their open depths could be seen strotches of the country for miles arIoun(. 1'xtensivo plains were filled with waving masses of cane; gushing springs bubbled out from ite sides oi the hills ; and Ilowers of every hu blossoied in the green valleys and ornamented the tops of the muountains, Abundance of game was found in the woodlands, and the stroams were tilled with lish of the choicest varieties. In this now and salubrious region, our Fathers of the Revolution had built their cabins, and wore folling the primeval forests and cultivating the virgin soil. But, though nature was here seen lin her "1 kindest prodi gality," and the simptl)le Wants of thc pioneers were easily supplied from her well tilled store house, they found many dilliculties and dangers in the way of their advancement. The couni try was already inhabited by a race of Indians, who would not taiely yield to strangers the possession of their rich pasture lands and ideal hunting grounds. Step by stop the red men retarded the progress of the settlers and subjected them for many long years to all the horrors of savage war fare. Wild beasts, disturbed in their native fastnesses, frequently prowled around the cabins of the pioneers, pre pared to spring upon the unwary oc vlpants. So sparsely settled was thc country, that thero could be little con cert of action ia cases of danger, hut every man relied for safety upon the fertility of his own resources and thc strength of his good right arm. Thus, iccustoned to danger and inured to exposure, these "sons of the soil" were prepared to win the hard fought battlei of the Revolution. Remote from the sea coast and cui otf front all commercial centres by al most impassable roads and streams rendered still more dangorous by band, of hostile Indians, our settlers held little intercourse with the outsidc world. Their interests were wholla agricultural and their trade was prac tically confined to the town of Charles ton and Augusta. Therefore, the op pressive measur os of taxation, wvhicl fell with so much force upon the shi ping of the inhabitants of the coast h ad little effect upon the people c the up country, and they took no at tive patrt in the opening scenes of th Rce olution. But, Charleston, -realizing that I would be irripossible to defend he coast with a disalfected country in he rear, in June, .1775, dispatched tw conmmissioners, Col. Draytoni and Rose William Teneat, into the interior t explain to the p~eople the cause of die satisfaction, and to endeavor to enlis their co-operation. Owing to th violent opplosition of the loyalist leat ors, these gentlemen met with litti im mediate success. It was dillicult for a population s heterogeneous in character as that c the up country to arrive at unanimit of opinion. T1hey had no substanti cause for- revolt against England t whonm many of them wore sincerel attached, and who had up to ' thi period exerted herself to pr1otect th infant colony ; neither had they an inclination to espouse the quarrel c their brothers on the coast, who ha allowed them small representation i the assembly and had treated thel p~ublic men with but little respeci liut, among men trained to the e> crciso of independence of thtought an action, by lives of hardship in a nos and untried region, there were thos wvho clearly perceived the danger that lay in the ptrinciple of '"taxatlo without representation." There we.' many, too, among their number wh had come across the seas seeking country where they might worshi God after the dictates of their ow consciences and where they migh enjoy the right of every man to be; fr'eemnan. Men such as these were ne to be lulled into security by the enjoy ment of a present prosperity. The united with the patr'iot forces al read collected and were known as Whige Among them no man exerted a wide influence than Gen. Andrew Pickene the Revolutionary hero, " par excel lenco,'' of the up country. H is couragi and ability had been already displayc< in the war with the Cherokeos, an. these qualities, added to his modesty greatly endeared him to his country men. Tihose among the inhabitants wit. adhered to the king wer'e called Trories They were, in many instances, men o honest convictions and sincere loyalty it was their' misfortune that 'the dis alrectedi, the idle, and the vicious were drawn Into their tranks by Britist emissarier. F'ierce and bloody was th( contlict waged between these two par. ties in lJpper South Carolina during the Revolution. As South Carolina was thte first t enter a pr'otest aginst the tyranny of l!ngland, so the 1h-st r'eal battle of the war', (the encounter at Lexington be ing considered as only a ok irmisht), was alIso fought within her borders betweoon the Whigs and Tories. It occur'rod at Savage's Plantation, near Ninety-Six, whoero General Williamson, entrench ed with a part~yof about three hundr'od Whi go within a for't hurriedly con structed of fence r'ails, was attacked by a forco of ninnteen hundred Tories under General Robinson. A fter several day1s' fighting, in which neither side ~ained the advantage, the comba tts agreed uplon a parley, General - illiamson consenting to surrender the fort but not his meni. Colonel Richard on Oo w1ilhastning to the relief of G nrl iiamson witht a force of thre tousandl men proceeded again st them by onie, ovorawing and dispersing ofthebis sup~erior numbers. Most ofterleaders wertaken1n m.ri,.n ended the campaign for the winter, and the militia was disbanded. The brilliant victory of Fort Moultric in June, 1770, which relieved Carolina for more than two years of the pres once of the British, had not the same happy effect in seuring for the up. country the cessation of hostilities be. tween the Whigs and Tories. "Other States," says Simms, "know nothiny of the horrors which were the conse quence of these domestic feuds of the South." The Tories after their defea1 by Colonel Richardson [lid into the country of the Cherokees, where they incited the Indians to rise against th< Whigs. They, therefore, began their massacros upon the frontiers. Th< panic stricken inhabitants unable tc defend themselves, lied to the stockade forts which had been built for their protection in such emergencies. A notable one of these massacres waE that of the Hampton family, which oc currod in Spartanburg County, and t( which General Hampton so eloqaentli referred in his speech at that count) court house in 1876. General Williamson, having raised a force of three hundred men, proceede< to attack the savages, and captured a small body of them, among whon were thirteen white men, disguised at Indians. This seemed only to intensi fy the hatred of the Whigs and Tories "They pursued each other," said (on eral Gates, "like wild beasts." Gener al Williamson came upon the maht body of the Cherokees at Occonoro< Creek, where he defeated them an laid waste their territory. The say agos sued for peace and were com polled to code to South Carolina al their lands, now comprising th counties of Pickers, Oconeo, Andor son and Greenville. The campaign of 1780 opened witl South Carolina, after her long respite as the principal theatre of hostilities After the surrender of Charleston or May 12, General Clinton, dotormineo to subdue the whole State, sent ou three armies into the interior: on under Colonel Cruger towards Ninety Six ; another under Lord Cornwallis t< Camden; and a third under Colone Brown to Augusta; while the "Blood3 Tarloton " was ranging at largo ove' the whole State. Hearing of the advance of Colone Buford with four hundred Continent als, Colonel Tarleton with seven hun dred cavalry and mounted infantr hastened to intercept him at the Wax haws. Negotiations for surrende failed ; and while they sought quarter Tarleton fell upon the rebels with i fury equaled only to the annals of In dian warfare and cut to pieces thi whole command. " Tarleton's Quar ter" is to this day a proverb for whole sale cruelty. As a result of these combined disas ters, the spirit of the' Carolinian seemed broken. Charleston had faller and their country was overrun by ai invading army which they felt them selves powerless to oppose. A t thi juncture, General Clinton offered ; pardon to all who would take Britisl protection. The people generally those of York accepted, took udvan tage of these terms, and General Clin ton, believing the subjugation of th country complete, sailed for No% York, leaving Lord Cornwallis in con nand. But the British made the fata mistake of calling upon those who ha accepted their protection to take u arms against their countrymen. Then it was that those sturdy back woodsmen, unaided and alone, took u -the struggle for indepencenco and h< gan that partisan warfare which tina - ly drove the British from the Statt ,When it is remembered against whir iodds these people1 were lighting ; ho' - they had to contend not only agalm~ an invading foe but also their <,w vindictive neighbors ; and this withou t pay, without provisions, save whi1 r' they could supplly for themselves, witt r' out arms or amnmun'tion except o captured from the enemy, it will 1: .seen how stupendous was the unde1lC o taking, how marvelous the result. It was art this trying period that th t women of the State, seeing the strail a to which their husbands and brother - were reduced, performed so marry h< s roic deeds and exhibited those qual ties of endurance, patience and dev< a tion which wore afterwards emulate f by their granddaughters of the Cor yr federacy. Space fails to speak in d< I tail of the youthful and daring Emil a Geiger, who carried a message from y General Greene to General Sumnte a through a country infested with T< e ries; of Dicey Lan gston, who swam tih y deep and rapid Tyger to warn he .f brothers of the approach of "Blood 1 Bill" Cunningham; of Mrb. Dillart a who rode sixty miles through th r darkness to save Colonel Clairke an .his men, encamped at Cedar Springi - from a sur'priso by the Tories ; of Mr I Bratton, "who would r.ot have hc husband and his comrades owe to e cowardly stratagem the victory the s should gain in the field of battle ;" "< ri the lovely Mary Musgrove and th a courageous Esther Gaston, whos D gentle ministrations soothed the p~air a of the wounded and the dying ; thos p and many other noble deeds have bee rr recorded in history ; seine are presert t ed in family tradition ; others agal a are known only to that ever watchfu t Eye which takes note even of the fal - of a sparrow. 7, The most active of the partisan lead e ra at this time were Pickens, Sumte .and Mar'ion, the three great an choice spilrits of the Rlevolution. Ma ,nron oper'ated from Camden to the seor - coast ; Sammter from Camden to Ninety a Six ; while Pickerns traversed th I country from Ninety-Six to Augusta I On the twelfth of July, Sumter a , Williamsaon's Plantation in Yori County, engaged a detachment c Britishi and Toie commanded by Colh Huch and F'er'guson and completel, routed theum, killing bo0th those otlicers A fter an unsuccessful attack upon th enemy's p~ost at Rocky Mount in l'rair field County, he moved on to Hanging Rock, where lie defeated a large boda of British and Tories. Col. Williams, anothber brave parti san, always on the alert to harass th< enemy, attacked and defeated, on thi eighteenth of August, a considoerab< body of British and Tories at Mus grove's Hiills on the Enoroo RIver The notorious Cunninghams wero o thIs nei~ghborhlood 'and in it wero porP peCtrateal seime of the mrost murdeorm acts of " illoody Bill" Cunningham the leader of the "' Bloody. Scout." 1 was her'e thrat he shot Major Caldwel in his wife's praesence: and it was her< that he suarprised Col. Hay wit] twonty men in command of a blocl house. In comaplianco with the wishoi of some of his men the women and childreon weoro spared, but the houst was lir'ed by throwing heated iroma upon it, and the amon, after having sur'ronderod thorm olv es, were dollbeor ately massacred. In July, 1780, Gon. Gates, the herc of Saratoga, was appointed to the command of the Southern forces and was approachin g with air army from the Nor'th. Hie directed his march to wards Camden, where the British un der the eommiand of Lord Corn wallis were entrenchd. n u ly1, nhe two armies enot within a few miles of the town. The ^ ever confident Gen. Gatos displayed little ability in the I management of this battle; the militia, being placed in front, gave way before the chargo of the British regulars, roating a pauo whioh it was impossi ble to arrest. Among the killed was I the bravo Baron do Kalb, who hud generously taken up arms in the causo of independenco. Gon. Gates having I lost almost halt his men and all his I baggage, fled into NorthuCarolina. I Another disaster was sustained by I the Americans at iishing Creek, i where Sumter, onoumbered with prIs- i oners and baggage, was surprised and a routed by Tar loton. Almost his ontire command were either killed or cap- t turod. Lord Cornwallis, soing the I robol forces dispersed, procooded to Charlotte, leaving Tarleton and l'orgu son to overcome tie inhabitants of tho "back country." leorguson oncamped on Kings' Mountain, where he was at tacked with groat fury by a party of Whigs, collected for the purposo from the up-country and the ad'oining i States of Virginia, North Carolint and i Kentucky, under the leadership of i Culs. Camp hull, Clovoland, Williams, i Sovier- and Shelby. The attack was mado simultaneously from the four sides of the mountain, the several di visions advaucing under cover of the trees and delivering their firo us they went. The action was short and do I cinive, and the death of Lorguson was followed by a surrender of his force. I But two hundred of them escaped, leaving behind thema thirteen hundrod comrados, killed, wounded and prison I ers and fifteen hundred stand of arms. The gallant Col. Williams lo-t his life in this battle. His frind Col. Hain mond, went to his side when ho foll, and received his dying command, Never give u) the hill." Gen. (ates, having exchanged his "Northern laurels for Southern wil lows," was recalled, and Gen. Greene was appionted in his place. In Decomi bor, 1780, he reached the Southern army which he himself decribed as a " shadow without a substance." The undaunted Suanter, after his defeat at Fishing Creek, had collected a now corps of volunteers. With this small force, and no Continental army in the State, he had kept the flold for more than throo months, and had so harass ed the onomy that they could only move with caution and difliculty. Ile - operated about 1n-oroe, Broad and 'Tyger Rivers. Gen. Greene sent Gen. Morgan with a part of his force to the relief of Ninety-Six. Lord Corn - wallis, who had returned to the State, dispatched Tarleton to overtake Mor - gan, which he did at Cowpons. A - fierce and hard fought battle ensued in which the British wore defeated, - w ith a loss to the patriots of only twel vo tmtin killed and sixty wounded. Never was a more signal victory achieved, the defeat of Tarloton dostroyed the - terror of his name and the friends of 3 liberty took fresh courage. Congress L presented a gold medal to Gen. Mor gan, one of silver each to Lieutenant Generals Washington and Howard, a sword to Gen. Pickens, and promoted others who greatly distinguished them 3 selves. Lord Cornwallis, to recovor the - prisoners, hastened to intercept Mor 1 gai, but faIled because of a rise in the I Catawba River. Shortly afterwards Gon. Greene arrived and took com mand of Morgan's army. He continued the retreat and crossed the Yadkin River so closely pursued by the British that ho lost a part (of his baggage. -Cornwallis was a second time deterred from the pursuit by a rise in the river, and retreatedi into North Carolina, where he was in turn pursued by t Greene. After the battle of Guilford Court tHouse, Gee. Greene returned to the Shelp of the struggling partisans in -South Carolina. He took possesion of qHobkirk 's ii), where on April 25, e 1781, he was atteked by Lord Rawdon. .For a while, victory seemed to be on the side of the Americans, but Lord o Rawdon by a masterly disposition of shis forces compelled Geu. Groene to Ia rtreat. He proceeded to Ninety-Six by way of Granby, dispatching Gen. . Lee with a force to subdue that'fort. A fter a brief conlilct the gar rison, Sconsisting (of four hundred alon, surt rendered. The terms of the capitula tion giving the enemy tihe privilege of carrying olf their baggage, were great a ly complained of by Col. Trhomas Tay . lor and other' Caroliniaos, who were .indiignant at seeing wagons, drawvn by their own htorses, and filled with the r produce of thleir own hlomos, driven ~away before their eyes. Gen. Loe's excuse for this action was that L~ord Rawdon was rap)idly approaching to *the relief of the fort. On may 22, Greene took up his posi 'tion bofore Ninety-Six and, after be r. seiging it for nearly a month, attempt aed to carry the place by assault, but was beaten off with heavy loss. Ho Sfell back before Lord Lawdon, until e thes latter, weary of the hopeless chase, e discontinued the pursuit and gradually a withdrew his army into Charleston. a Soon after this, the news of the sur' a rendier of Lord Cornwallis at York . town reached South Carolina; and, on a May 14, 1782, the British evacuated iCharleston. 1 Th'le war was over ; the colonies were free ; our heroes laid downl their arms . and returned to their p)1ow shares, r r. joicing thlat their struiggle had not ibeen in vain. .The love of liberty and the inflexible devotion to duty that were displayed by thoe mfonI during the dlark and gloomyp pcried of the Revolution, have kept aglow the flame of patr Iotism up ton tihe altar' of their' country. it was their example that inspired such sons fas Andrew Jackson, the hero of the battle of New Orleans ; as John C. Calhoun, the apostle of State's righ ts; as outr own loved marityrs5 of tihe Lost Cause, whose honored graves we still water' with out teat's and cover' with the sweet eniblemns of immtortality. But not only for themselves and for' thleir ch'ildiren did oura wor'thy fore fathers gaini the blessings of freedom. When, in the not distanlt future, the shadow of the Statue of Liberty shall .fall upon the shores of Cuba ; atnd, dvhen, in the pt'ogr'ess of the ages, its reflection shall be cast upon all lands that are down-trodden and opproessed, then will history record, "'.I Ito Pa t,'iots of the American ftuvolution wvon 31 victory3 fot- the world." MARY MUSuu(OYm. --It tnow looks as if the State of Washling ton would eventually r'ival i! California ast a gold producer. It hlas boeon comp)aratively a very short time since it was ieai'ned that gold in ainy ~ ptaying quantities could be found in I Washington, and in fact., the fabulous t pockets that have been dilscovei'ed in ' otheir new fieldi appeatr to be wholly ~ wanting, 'out for geoot mredlutm gr'ade ore there in no hld equal to that of C northeast 'Washington. Thoroe Is not ( a gt'eat deal oIf exeitmient, butt stam p mailis andl~ smlolters ate going upj in) un pircedenlitedI num~ber's, 5 te A reallly p latablo Castor Oil can v now he had unk r' tihe name of Laxol. a lJII,L AlW'S ARMY RAIDs. low ifo Got Food ibr tHi Hungry oldilers-A risy Law is Iettqt- Thain No law. I never committed highway robbery mut once in my life, and it shocked me ixceedingly that I had It to do. When joined the army at Winohoster, Va., n July, 1801, General Bartow sent for noe one morning and said he had been nado a brigadier and had completed iis staff excepting a brigade commit lary, and asked me to accept the posi ion. I told him that 1 know nothing 6bout the duties of that oilico, but he Lnd Dr. Miller and Major Ayor insist d that I could soon learn, and so I Ought io a horse and a pair of high op boots and sonie big brass spurs and fot ready for business. '.'he blanks lad not be0n printed, und I couldent ind a book on that subject, and so I lidont do anything for a ftow days. I ldent reeo've any rations nor issue Lny, for I was waiting for my comnmis tioni and instructions and blank forms o com from Richmond. These had lot come ip to the time old Joe John Iton made that all-night march to join Beauregard at Manassas. The day ifter our army forded the Shenandoah Jonoral Bartow's brigade took a rest it Paris and after dinner began the narch to Piedmont, a station on the Ml anassas railroad. General Bartow laid to me: "Major, I have sont Major Ayor on ahoad to get corn and 'forage it I'ledment for the artillery horses tnd other horses of my command, and I am informed that mnost of the men lave oithor caten all the rations the0 Itarted with or got theim wot in cross ing the river, and they mnust have somlething to eat when they get to Llied mont. You had better vide, on thcad and securo rations for about 1,000 men. The regimental commis Maries will not have any, for their wag Ans tre several miles behind ." "Will I lind supplies at Piedmont ? laid 1, very Innocently. "You must fknd them," said ho, 'This country is full of provisions, and M1must, purchase enough for 4,000 men -beef, bacon, flour, salt, coffee and s rorth. The 1me1n must not suffer." And he knit his brow and looked stern. With exceeding modesty I said : "General, I have no money tc muy with, and maybe they will not sell Sa icredit.. What. then Y " "My dear sir," said Cu, "this is w Inter arma leges slley .' If they wil 3ot sell to you without %.% money, yO uust imtpress what you need. T1'he non must be fod." I purceived that lie was desperately n carncet. so I hurried on to Piedmoni xnd found oljor Ayer with a pockel lull of Rlichmond banks' money, buying ,orn from a sollid old Vitrinit farmer, There were two wagotn foads that had been hauled by two of the finest, yokeE )f fat oxen I ever saw. I took the major aside and told him my orders. "Thl ro is some very ine beef ir those steers," said he. "But I have no money," said L "Can't you lend me some ? " "I ct.i not," said he. ' It would cost me my comminl*sion. You can ipll)'Ct tho oxen." "Sul- 1,- that old follow should re nist ? .1at then y " " Get Captain Towers to givo you a detail and arrest him If he won't give up peaccably." So I timidly approached the old man ind proposed to buy his sneers, but he tlldent wish to sell them at any price. Said he wouldent take $100 a yoke for them. When 1 finally came down on him with the general's ordors h~e was furious and so was Is son. 1 felt as mean as at dog. They swore they would go back 1home anid got- their guns and kill the first man who dared to touch their oxeni. Trho old mantt stood guard while tile son wvent home *-half a mille away--to get their guns. "And you don't even propose to let a man price hiis owni p): epirty nor to pay Sdollar for' it,, but you will give a roccip~t fot' it thtat may not he worthl a :lur'n. Any trobber could do that. If tils is tile way the Southern Confed aracy hlas startcd out it will bust wide :>pen1 in sixty days, and I wish to God] it, would!" Up to this time I had tal.md kindly tod persuasively, but tat last,, wheni I round out he was a Union sympathlzer', got fired tup in my feelings, and as tile Eighlth Georgia marched iup I got idetail of tan men and had thlE steers driiven away, and as tile old man was Irying and~ waiting tor' his son wit~h thle guns I toldl him thlat if lhe would lome over' to the sttation I would give him11 a rcceip~t that would be good at lRichmond. lie never cursed, for he be longed to the church, but lhe said "'Gol durtin" and( "'dad burn" and "'dingna tion'' with great emphsiasis. The steer's were sooni turneld over' to some exporlt butchers from tile lFirst Kentucky r'egimecnt, and by the time the young man and somue of the neigh bor's arrived with thmeir guins and dogs the ill-fated brutes haid beera ki lied Etud Ilayed on the altar' of their coun try. In an hour's time their carcasses wee cut upl into miess pieces anld dis bributed and tihe camp fires lighted. ta store nearby 1 p)urchased from a rood Confederate somel flouri and1( .iracker's and a thouisand pounds of laconl. 1 hiad no0 troublhIe with him, for o~ said the boys must be fed if it took verythming ho 'had. I invoked his food ollicos to make pionio with the lId man and his son, and abouit dark heiy caoe tto me1 and1 ssaid they woul I take my receipt, but it was a gel durtn ~owardly pice of business. And it lid look that way. I wonder how obey 'ot thleir wagons hotno. But before long tilt good neople0 of he valley got the hang of the business md surlrendoreied at dlisctetion. I never iad mnuch truble with those who vereO oni our side. One (lay I seized -100 bairrels of flour n a tmerchiant mill not far from Or'onge iourtt [louse. Tho mran) was desper itoly mad, but I hlad heard that his vife wvas a rebel to the core, andI so I 'isited her' and made a good impres'C Ion, fotr I was5 rilght good looking thon. ho ivited me to stay to supperCt, rhich i did, and I flatyedi withjher aby andi captured all thle famnily ex opt her' hutsbatnd. Ie was a sulspet .nd wtas on both sides of the war. I i a gutard oiver' the mill that night rt lhe woutld have hauled thle flour way. It was hard ori those Vitrgitit armer's, for if one armv dident take hem' subsitanee the Other woulid. F'or early fourt years they were between wo lives, and remained trute to thceir reat leaders. Whlat a blessing Is law--the laws of lie land and the protectiotn of the our'ts. Any law Is better than no0 Lw. We 01(d peopl)1 rememnber' when, owatrd the close of tile wvar, this patt athle country thlat hadI hoen desolated *y Sherman's bummers was infested *y 5(o-called scouts who were mounted n stolen horses and preonded to he t)mmtfissioned to protect the wdmen nd children atnd' to get upl suplplies for ur army3. E0very vagabotnd and do Irter' joined them and they were a smrror to tile old and helpless. My rife sometimes tells the children bout her rehlgan lifeand h... all her brothers were in the Virginia army, and how her father, the elder Judge Hutchins, was farming on the Chattahoochee rivoi, tryin to Save something for the grandchildren, and how one morning a band of these so called scouts came there and demand ed the keys of the smokehouse and sald the army must be fod, and how he tried to reason with them and told how many he had to feed at home, and how little meat ho had, but they got rampant and said they would break down the door if he didnent surrender the keys. He kept three double-barrel shotguns well loaded, and when they went round to the smokehouso lie went up. tre, to a window and said a detor milned voice : "Stop. Don't you go any noarer to that door. If you do I will kill you. I am old ard not afraid to dio, but I will k ill somo of you before I do." They saw the muzzlo of the gun and they know the man and btolped. A fter a brief consultation they retired. There was my wife and six children and two little oi pham, and a stor o of lit-tle negroes, and these lawless imon would have taken the last norsel away from them. lriends! somietime we abuse the law and the lawyers and the court, but'after all the law of the land is the strongest bulwark of liberty and justice. Bilackstono says that a man's house is his castle, into which tie king of England dares not enter with out permission, but wo remeoiber when vagabonds and thieves not only entered but drove the inmates out. Let us all sustain the law and the courts and leave them as a blessed heritage to our children. Biir, Amp. THE VIRtGIN MAtY'S IHOME'. The ionse Where She Once ivedl iti Eiphesus-Ollicial Enlorseiont' of* the Discovery. New York Herald. The Interesting news has just come from iurope that some time since a party of antiquarians, in digging over the ruins of the ancient city of K0phesus, in Asia Minor, came across the house In which the Virgin Mary lived after she had left Jerusalem, and before she went to Mount Zion. where she died. It, was well known that the Virgin had spent som years of her life in 1phesus and the ainbition of antiqua rians has been to find the habitation she occupied. The announcement has been made several times that the place had been found, but careful investiga tion proved, to the satisfaction of the Vatican, that there was no foundation for these announcemnents-that the antiquarians in their overzeal had mado mistakes. But the habitation just unearthed at Ephesus must hereaftar be regarded as the one the Virginhoccupied, for the -rVatican has ollicially declared it was -has 1111ut the seal of its aplprOval, so ad vices to hand statt, on the ainounee mnent that the crumbling walls of the dwelling found in the ruins of ancient, Ephesus once sheltered the mother of tlo Redeemer. This approvul was not given hurriedly, but only after most conclusive evidence had been submit ted to the Pope that thero could be no mistake about the matte-. It will be a disappointment to all in torcsted in such natters that no details respecting tho habitation accompany the aunou1ncemont of its discovery. But the house was probably of the kind so common in those days-a plain, one-storied structure. it. will be in tercsting to know in what condition it was found and if it n ill be possible to restol e It to its original shape'. T1hus Ephlesus will p)ossess from this timle on a morec than usual Iinterest for' the Christian, and the pr'obabil itvy is that a stately cathedral wvill yet he erected to mark the spot, where the Virgin passed some of the latter (days of her life, it was frocm this ulac'e that she jour-neyedl to Mlount, Zion. where she (lied. The body was placd in a bepulch re in the Gar-den of Gieth - semalhne, but, when, a few days late, the Apostles rolled the st~one away fromi the door' of the sepulehre, the body was not there. Thence ar-ose the tr'aditionl of the assumption of the Virgin into Heaven, a tradlition that Titan transferrod to canvas and made onel of the greatest, cr-eations of his genius. l'jphesus was a very ancient city on the wobt coast of Asia Miinor. it was partly on a fertile plain near- tihe mouth of the river~ Cayster and partly on some) hills that rose gradually from it. It was famed amioing the anicienits as the site of the Temple of lDiana. Trhe place was an imp Iortan t ci ty and1( cottmaded an extensive and1( varied commereeQI'. Tirad itioni hast it that~ it wast, originmally inhlabitLed by thbe myti-* cal Amaz'ions. it was early conq(uermed by the lonians, the time11, acecording to tradition, being the eleventh century H. C., and fr'omi that event dates the hiustory- of 1Epheius as a G;reek posses sion. It figures in Church history also because it was at au gener al couneii of thle Church held there in 431 that the heresy of Nestorius was condemned. The place will now figure further in chureb'e hiistory owing to tihe d iscovery3 ini It of the Virginr's habitation. .Just whly thme Virgin sought refuge ini Ephesus thlere are several stories ini the traditions that have come doewn to us fr'om the dim past, but the one that sems to be most, generally cred ited1 by writeors is that is was (1u1 to persecu tionis that broke out in .Jerusalem. Alfter' the final scenes in t~le tragedy of the Crucifixion hlad been enacted, Mary, ac'comipanied by Mar-y Magda 10110 amid St.. Jollnf the Evangelist, to whose care the Redeem-tr hadh comn mitted Is muother, repaired to Jerusa lumt. TJhere they remained unt-il time persecutionis forced them to seek safety elsew here, amid they chose Ehelsus. Th'le Virg in's fligh t Inlto Ephiesus, under tnc protection of .Johni, hias been made tile theme of mranly a famous painting, In wvhich the Virgin is genoiralhy picturi'd with a halo about lher head walking beside John, whose demeanor is most ioverentlal to h1er. So far as k nownx, nothing has been hanL~ded down to us wIith regard to the sojourn of the Virgin at Ephlesus, no details of her1 ii fo ther~te, or any in cildents of it. bei~3 omid thie fact that It was tihe 'e MIary i!agd alone brIeathled h10r last,. Th Is sttem'ient is mlade by various GreeCk wr'iter'e, anid one0 of thleml, in diescribling 4 jou rney lhe made to Jierumsalem, says lhe saw tihe tomb1 (of Mary Magdalene at, Ephlesus. Ther'o Is also good authority for the state Itantt that the EmXpor~or Leon iremoved t1h0 remains of MIary Magdalonio fr'oin Epihesus to Constantinople in the yed' 880 and deposited them in the chuorch of St. Laz/arus. Tiheore ario some1 writers whio say thlat whlile tile Virgin and Mary Mag dalene were living at, l'phesums they used to sit on the shores~ of t~le Icarlan Sea and wvatch the Grechan glleiys as they directed thel' ir corse l~oivardh Sy ria, thou-r birth place. A ftei r N ary Magdalone5 death tile Virgin journey ed back to Syria to revisit tile scenes hallowed b~he Uedeapt.. a- to die anong them, a tradition having t that an angol Informed her' of thW particular day and hour on whl was to bi oath her last. Accompanied by st. .john ito sett sail and soon arrived at Syria. Wle, they reached Jerusalem the Vlgil retired to Mount Zion, which was but a short distanco from the palaces in which the princes of her blood had lived, and went to the house, as is narrated by several writers, which had been sanctifled by the descent of the Holy Ghost. SENATORL MORGAN ON CUBA. A Hir oing Appeal for He10p fro1u the Unkited States-:i1 Warning1111 CAnSl to S4pin. Tbe Cuban question was revived in the Senate Oil tile 1th inst. we1011 M r. Morgan. of Alabama, who reported the originai rosolutions, spokO In favor of further and more decisivo action towards the recognition of the Cubans as belligerents. Thle Senator declared it to h. the duty of Congress to adopt jjint resolutions on belligerency w hich, unlike the previous concurrent resolu tions, would require the approval of the 'secsident and thus fix the responsi bility. At the close of Mr. Morgan's speech, tile Scnate adopted, without division, tile re'solutions introduced by him, di rectiif the Comn mitte o on Foreig 11 J. lation. to inquire into the report ol the treaty relations betwoon the Jnited States aid Spain relating to the A nim i cans now under condemnation at Ila vana, also requesting tile 'resident tv furn i6h the recent diplomatic corre spondtnco with Spain on the subject. The resolutions have no reference to the iorecognition Of beillgerency, al though they Served iMr. Morgan as a text for his speech onl that line. Mr. AMorgan, in the courC of li3 speech on tho Cubait situationl, Sa( the proximity of the island to oml! shores, our commercial relations w ith the Cubans, the Ameican ownershiip of much plroporty thieie. the actua, residence of many Americans thtrc, ul combine to compel us to eXamllilte int, the conditions existing in Cuba aid to determino for ourselves whether a state of war eXiSted. lIe tpoke of the impatience of A lieri can peoplo inl witnessinitg the palift occulrrrentces iil Cuba, %% hile Our gov ornint t ineasured tile losses by dollars and submitted cialains for comnpensatior for individual losses. A great civii conflict had been waged in CUba sitc tihe fall of '94, 1he said, and had in cre'as(d with startiing inagnitude until 150 000 Spanish troops were in the fields. Yet., upon a denial of thes( self-ovident facts rests tie position of the United States muist not recogniz . a condition of war as exitting. Mr. Mlorgan said tite litgrant condi Lions existing mtight escape tile atteni tion of thosC In au thbori ty, yet It iltl, aIhock tile world that a diplonatie fallacy pIerits the assertion that m. war exists. This diplomatic fallaey i sustaiied by tite claii that the Cut baits have n,) forts, when the wise gentra ship of the Cubans kept themt fron. coneentrating inl forts. It was su tatined also by tle claim that tie 0i bans had no fleet, and no seaports when it was evident that tiese coi be maintained Only by heavy artil!ery% and C(uil)mclts not possessedtl by thte in urgents. These, said the Senator, were the as r'tions of carpet, knigh t and chi val ie warriors, but, to those senisib1lit iite i'y leaders, bent Oil gaining independence rather than a display of se'ntimaent, tihey were the climax of absurdity. The Senator declared that thle (If. fense's comitted by titose Anmeriicans no0 y held at flavana were no motre ser'ious thlan smnuggtling.'1l, was the first, duty of this gover'nment to de-. mnatd that, tibe military trial of the American citizents he set aside. Until this wIas dlone, no0 other' or fiirit,biri neC set aside, declat'ed AI i. Alorgan, over'v day is a daly of naltionlal huiiliiation t'o us as a people. A Itetr rev iewing thle cours'e (If thte 1''nAted States in the struiggles for fr'ee institut ions, tile SentorI cOmtpared it w itih thle searicht for' "'technical and fri' olous excutses " to deLbarl us from remedies against ''such tyrants ats Wveylr." Hie reCferre'd to tile concilu sive evidences of attrocities and the shtogting of ntioncombatants. With war' recognized as existing, the laws of War, as appliedl by tho law of nlations, wouldl become app11 ~iicale to our1 citizensi no(w ser'ving in Cu ba atn d woldh fti'bid Splain fr'om treating I!ithe as insumrr'etiottists. Mr. Alorgan said in conclusion :'' I t is, thereufore, thle prtoper course'5t fri Congriess to obsei've to send a joint r'esoiut,ioin to tihe Priden~ctt, declaring that a statec of public wtai exists in Cuba and that tile plarties engaged in that, wat' ai' belligerents, to each of whom011 the laws of ntationts (equal ly ap lply, if such is tile Opinion of Congress. Ti l is a duty of wise and111 sinceret ipa il tiotisim, although it tmay not he' othter wise imnperativec for the recason tmat such a declaration is not a legislat-ive act and is not, there' fore, requ i i i'ed to. ibe sent to tile President for Itis apl pro'(val. Congress ('aln waive that q ues tLion, and should not, raise it in a mat ter' that, does not nlees,,a 'i ly involve tile staitus (If the constitutior.atl dis tr'ibution oif the poIwer~s of our' own .t governmiientt, whtether' it is in a state of wat' (or peace, but only concerns a duty we owc to ouri Own peCopIo in de tetrmintg foi' ourselves wI'hethier a state of war (or a contditiont (If peeo exists ini Cuba. If tile P'resident, actingw on the assumption that a declar'ation of the e xistenle (of warI inl Cuba, anld aL reCowl nlitioni of tho t'ights oIf the pairies eit gaged in that wai' as biellire't":its. fals~ w ithinhIis exclusliive consti tnutional piwer' ill conldulcting dIiplomtlli ie initer' course wVith foreign governmttienits sihould choose to inote thbe tx istt'iiee of such a war', Conigrec-s, after the al mo1(st u nanimous1 C xpiessionl of optin in on that subject, owed it to the hlonor (of the body to devolve thle reSpontisi bility upon the P'residentt. linder-i ex isting cir'cumustanlces somtte d'et art.mett' of the g overnmenl~ tmui lstllitt beom r sponsli ble to out ownII i p~eo~l , and11 I t -h judgment. of man kindti, f~'(or t ot~ iug to permttit theo fa lehood to remi un l rebuked, thtat iteace prievails ill Cubalii a'id that warli dot's nt exis, there. Wh ietheri it, is Con~grmess or Lii'e I l'resi dollt th at denties t he fac,:ts and r'eput diates tile aphpeal to thte sentIimtents (If 01u1 people1 aind thte hioi nrablie dutly oIf OttrI govei'inmenit , liihetc wIill hea a y reat. account to r'einder' ini th ntd lor' thte blood thtat paItr ioits arte Ihed dintg, invery ! hour, iln thto ciause of htminan Iibhert, that a word fr'oim (ontgtess ot' the President wvoltol,5)." --A curtiouts Iincident shtowIinzg howv l)Oiygiot, is the' popuition ~r of Sain 1-'ant other' day. Stiit, wais br'otshlt by O. 1 T1. Wtctiro'(k to (Pndeaitvo to t'-crover certain monl.ys of I'tr'k a lode- of 1.1 r man sons. I natstmuch'as fihe ju'tye, e attorneys, t'e phd11 mnst;Ii, the d e f e t.a.t courtt, all sp Ike German, it was dle-id ad to conduet tihe nase i6 thla lnuage. WYILN's MIS-rAKE.-The ordor of Geeral Weyjet, probitilnv theo ex POttition of ti'bacco ft (iII ( ubtm hit, cakused consternattii n mong tho CIt hians of il"o'idat. Tito ' VOtltif 8 of t)e ittl States 2ov 1l ntlnt, will bo cut ti(Wl :M $1a.' 000 ( .00 fi1t.111 tho portb of 'Iut~it t[011Q (Ie <In tp ho next jeuta', Says Clce tur Wilson "of tie itaal Ve.IVQiUU (I''lllttit'i t, if t1o otdel's ale 1' uIt by the Spallish atuthoritics. of ,,an ill l'',orj(jItk will -thpow1 out U ttuihjymtiaint, if th'o IM (;itill tobatC.o to inttt. facturt'e, wil 11m. il~i 1101,1 i 4 to do1, t b1st Cual'h in g .ay g to og , to 'ii I., 4)1-' t .e I b n ve Inoi l..161 %(1 o .Ij's L la ii 't had wn Chstt. o n u -ht 01i tl.l. '. IH t ww. n d l t o throw the ijkim) i 1hitt in coo it. *\ ., o (. '1playlin -tit, a d it c'r owle t e ti i i, - i v it! ttothnind irot.fna caly.' t lly : llect'Isd in this, ho will 'it'111Y LO it -r'I ,l , eXtt I' 111d b , I.,, I At"AohoI, th ink v I it,4 - I b o .z'LN I'' l C Tra t ~.\ \.\ -.\ -r a 7 I' ' i ltil I tittbe i. l'k in \ ii wo tin , isom :itd lite it monthv t - "I do.4't know . .\ I!b i.. r 1i cali t. spatl .' 1 1, f't. tit,, C t 'Tm11 not, awkine1 . \on can malko tie tripi Vit l th t ,I trouble." ''Yott wouldgt1o weretostayaway (f-om W I' ats that." "1 1 thiink not,. I shou It, I1yhow.". "\Vhat, i thf Iltter wtI h o n Ma'ia?' irrita; v. ". hien'ot I hne .foo0d hu ha .yr.d f" "111m not afl titkinge ally c': g a In abot. .oll , .Joh , aint I v " Ain't I itlY13Ctionltt3c U1notigh '? I L Cnt I alwayNs kIsed You when I 8 weoknt atwa fromi .foll ' ill tile Iittl'nilig it I wilt-it I calle. back in t il evein - eve u eay !or the last 2tso years ? " * ,ris, lti y i'vt1 ll'kd it ch1 ew o lltug toba.cc, 1 in. Y m)Itt outil e vu -v 11o1-ing atuti evetiin- i ory a t tile s, P .yout, fo. I think I want it veatio A $25 COOKIG STOVE 0 WITH A COI'i iliiT UTFlT "ON Only $12.00. Deliveredo yollr railroad depot, al a freight (+la;: - p ai. flir (this d oscrip tion I'lica . ths spit idid Cooking Stove is N . o; ("or 8 peI iot holes; 16it .n l b(n ; aic eb x, 21 Inches p high; 21.\'.:5 1wi tp; 1dVPH<' 0 0nothe'astlIn , 1 1 have nte t a stove 1iiae for my trae 1) aftr " my 'onhta nnii all til gool 0 ataoint o f all I'theit il price stoves, and I eaving o ttle ofre.j to ble features. tre ina. rAD be TT, No. 8te ki2 84ts 2ra puteet , 2 Aukllest grae bConesead Schrlel in Paver afth N orthb ord th p N.8 o in ro.cn our. 1 ...bu..nes...t..new....lsloa t rene ou " acit ancel withtoad74riends Loandthe.abov..descri.ed wa 1to a -do all frei h.,.charg...p...d,.for only 12 When' ccash ome 3w5it th ore. 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Now Yor at .i4 No w 12o15 avn ah " hil a.t-lii th gia.5 p 13 110 a rs " A 3 H al ndr.. 3( 20tle "' 6e 2 a2 Malaul a Washigtl, tar .- 0 43 11 tlata , o r N.. ihm n ...fl 00 12. 'lmt 55eepi oa 00 a . Li.lDavo..... 5a50ll 605p 100asbolc " c . riogto , D. . 0. Saea 10 65 p 12.20 p "4.I Ga toida. ...... .... 11 ndn0 p harlotte " K in g 's M o r. . .. . .. .-- - --i-n . "/ GA ln .. ItIK .'-- . 12'IARDW1 Kp " asCon tra i.... . Ilt 25a 4