Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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g .. .... Cotton Production a Recommendations Mad? by the Extension Service of Clemson Collage. __?& (Ml I *A 4 . f!lomann P/\ll/w?/? 1 n n,u - ?vuuc^u, i/uu. extension Service of Clemson College has published Extension bulletin 48, "Funning under lJoll Weevil Conditions," and hus secured through .-Softi ator N. It .Dial the publication of a revision of the "Report of the South Carolina Hoi 1 Weevil Commission." l?oth of these publications, which May be had from county ageuts or from tho Extension Service, Clemson College, S. C.. .contain valuable suggestions on growing cotton under boll weevil conditions. Some of those are Rivon below. Stalk Destruction and Cleaning up the Farm,?The hordes of weevils th?it ravage the cotton crop are the offspring of parent weevils that passed the preceding winter successfully. Tlie weevils developing late in the fall are the ones most likely to sur vivo the winter, us they are not worn out by long flights and by egg laying. The greatest number of weevils will survive in those lieids on which cotton stalks together wi h grass, weeds and other refuse material offering shelter, are allowed to remain. The early destruction <>1 cotton stalks by chopping and plowing them under, the planting of winter covers, and the cleaning of terraces, ditc h banks, edges of woods, and other places offering winter shelter, constitute the first step in making the next year's crop. Thorough Preparation.?When a cover crop is grown on the land during fall and winter, it should be plowed under early in the spring so that the land will have ample time to settle before planting. Cotton conies up more quickly and starts growtfi earlier if planted on a firm well-setlied seed bed than if planted on a loose one. If the land has been in 'corn and vol vet beans, or corn and peas during the summer and can be conveniently planted to a cover crop, this should bo grazed during the early winter months and plowed under in mid-winter for best conservation of nitrogen, and this will give time for the land to settle and the organic matter to humify before planting time. Where no cover crop is 'used, the land should bo plowed In jthe fall or early winter for a heavy 4?1aV Soil nr in tho nnrlv , ... ?. ?? ' U. IJ Ofc/a ?ilh ??* the cum; of a Handy soil, and the seed >?k1s hould he made up early in I)?o fS|:riii;.' mi that they will have ample Itiine to settle before planting. Clay Hdils when plowed in the fait should b?- plow il deep to give more soil for r<? it development. No soil should be plowed deep in the late spring or just before ; lanting. Planning only Approved Varieties. ??Nine rous nxpoi iments in the boll weevil infested area of this state and oth r states have amply justified the recommendations of the following varieties for the conditions designated: A. Short staple varieties.? (1) Cleveland Hip Doll for wilt 1'ren land. (2?. Dixie Triumph for wilt-infested laud. H. Dong Staple varieties.?(1) Vehhor No 4H. (2) Delta-Type Webbar. It is important to have an early fruiting variety but it \a aho important to have a vaiiety which continues to fruit thronj'.'icut the season* The boll weevil p/efers to puncture squares and will do so if they are present in the j lants; hut if none are to be founf. he will (hen puncture the half-grown bolls. This explains why it is important for a variety to continue fruiting throughout the season. It should be imderstood that other varieties may in a given season and under favorable conditions yield moro than these, but when taken for a period of years the above named varieties have proved their suneriorit v. Planting as Eearly as Safety will Permit.?-Cotton should bo planted as early as possible after danger of killing frost Is over and the ground is warm enough to insure quick germination and rapid growth. In order to Insure a good stand without replanting. more seed should be used than tins born the custom in the past. If Ih well to use from one to two bushels per aero, depending on the condition of the land, more sec*J being used where the lamf is rough and cloddy or cold. It is a distinct advantage when practicable to delint the seod, because delinted seed will germinate more quickly by several days, under adverse conditions, than will undelinted sped. Judicious Fertilizing.?A liberal application of commercial fertiliser is also advisable, and this fertilizer should contain an abundance of phosphoric. acid, as this ingredient, hastens the maturity of the crop up to a point. nrVnfB thd lllflllt II11 if roMllii-fttj 8 % vr uni v v??* |"" " "" * " v 1 * 'Jul1 00 "1 it* growth. On nio-t soils in this state about noo pounds of acid phosphate per aero will pive most profitable result . A liberal amount of ammonia hastens the maturity of the croj> up to a certain point. Too much *mmonia delays the rrop as does too little, hence the Importance of hav- ; Irm the correct amount of ammonia I for each soil. Each farmer should | study the needs of his soils and use j the amount of ammonia which ho finds 1-eat for his land. Potash is necessary >n most of our snndy soils and on soif.e of our Piedmont soils. Where 1 good system of farming: is practiced in the Piedmont section, , where the crops are rotated and or-j - ^ in nd The Boll Weevil ganlc matter supplied, no potash should bo required. An excess of potash also toiidflto delay the maturity of the crop^A for this reason modeo|^o ^jHHtVns will generally give hosfri m Jfl'& well balanced fertlizer \Hiffh i^rpplies the needs of tbe .soil to which it is applied givos the ijjjiif^st croi) and the largos crop. of the phosphorus and the potash and most of Hie nitrogen should be applied by the time the first squaros benin to form. On very light sandy soils it is advisable to apply more of this nitrogen after the cotton is up, but in no case should this application be delayed until late in the season. Whore large applications of fertilizer are nmde at planting time, it. is important to mix the fertilizer with tj\e soil thoroughly fo that it will not intorfore witly the germination and early growth of Iho cotton. v Rapid Cultivation.?From th<* vory Btart, cotton should be cultivated in tensively to prevent weeds and grass from over getting a start. To accomplish thin, frequent shallow culti! vation is advisable. Cotton should never be cultivated so deep as to de1 story the roots ftt the plants, and tin dur no conditions should weeds and 1 grass be allowed to get a start in the cotton, as tliey will delay the prowth. Collecting Weevils. ? It may be helpful to pick weevils from the young cotton pants b lore t!." squares appear whenever cheap labor that costs practically nothing in cash is available. If weevil collecting is d ne with the ir most, care, giving special attention to places where the greatest number of weevils hibernated, the majority of the weevils may be caught before thoy lay their eggs. It. is estimated that weevil collecting when upon thorough search less than f?0 weevils por acre are found, is not pro fltnble. Collecting Squares.?When low| priced labor is available, square col* I let ting will bo helpful if properly done. Collecting should be begun about ten days after the llrst bloom Is seen in the field. Hut unless it is done thoroughly it is uin prof i able, j About every five days every square ! must be picked, not only those on the ! ground, bat also those that have dried on the plnnts, as well as those which show yellow color or are flared. This should be continued during the first weeks of the square-forming period. During wot seasons when cultivation is impossible, plow labor mav be used 'until cultivation can bo resumed, j Special attention should be given to places where a large number of weevils passed the winter, such as i bottom lands, wot <ls find fields ad joining waste land or other placos | where rubbish occurs. It is advised that all collected squares, instead of being destroyed. ; lie placed in a box having one of its walls made of ordinary wire window 1 screening. Instead of a box. a barrel covered with ord nary window screening may be used and this laid horizontally at some convenient place. The box or barrel must be ti*;ht so ! that no emerging weevils can escape. The nieshos of tlie wire screens are too small for \veevils to escape, yet I sufficient large to permit the escape of para sit os. Attempts at poisoning the cotton boll weevil in 10lM gave variable and generally unsal isfac'.ory results. Comparing the work and results secured in South Carolina \?ith the work and results secured in other states, it i.; believed that the results secured in this stato during 10?1 were due to ad verse weather conditions during the poisoning period, and that poisoning Is profitable when properly done on 1, 1. - j J - i " ' " i ii if,ii y icui i ii., ii' mi, pnivuieu mar tiio won her is favorable. Use of Winter Cover Crops.?Thr? vnliir* of winter crops in fighting (h( boll weevil ran not he over-estini a tod. In tin- Hrst place, tlie boll woevil ran not spend the winter in a j green covor crop, as it la impossible for him to evaporate a sufficient amount of water from his body to enable biin to live through the winter. In the second place, winter cover crops provont washing and leaching, thus saving a very large amount of nitroKon, which is our most expensive fertilizer. If legumes arc? used as cov?r crops, they not only save a large amoimt. of nitrogen from leaching out of the soil but may actually add several dollars worth of nitrogen to the j soil. They also greatly increase the i organic matter in the soil, wn*rv I one of (ho most important factors in i developing an early cotton soil. Hens vs. Pullets.?One of the important problems that the poultry*man has to deal with is how to met the largest number of eggs from his flock. How can he do this? Ry sei lecting millets to comprise about twothird* of his entire fllock rather than by having a majority of lions. Statistics show that pullets lay about .".O nifn'M n<*l' VAH ? HPU 1 ?.nn.? ...w.x |/\ j uh i iiiciii nriin, i iii^ Is true for boih the hoavy and the light broods. Tho net profit thoroforo is in favor of tho pullets. Thov lay moro ofjRs in tho fall and wintor whon j tho prices nro high, and so tend further to increase tho profit. During tho pullet year an estimated profit above food of *3.SO per bird is netted while for the hen year a profit of $2.52 per bird is netted. Why then keep a Inrpo flock of birds wh'-h will decrease the profits rather tb:m increase them? Keep moiT'i'iets and fewer hens in the flock Tt pays and means better results all round. ,// JV 1 THE HOEBY HERALD, CO: | OLDEST AUTOM( I vi-vLnonbo W ' .I'M 1.. '? 1 ' W8% "i*?y ?%*; 41 \ < AviM > >x><*.; V-i'^V's ' ":^| y?yi... N' Wlisit is siild to In? tin* <. Idosl iitlto Fronoli s\!?^ *? to m:iko his iiNstornl rot It was the lirst cnr Imilt by si French < cuti still do 112 miles sin hour. SiSTEIMC S2!L BlilLOIIiG Crop Rotation, Legi'mes, Drainage, and Fertilizers Important r caxures. Clemson College, Dee. 26.?The value of a well-drained, fertile soil eau not be over estimated in lighting ilio boll weevil. In the lir.sl place, a welldrained soil is absolutely necessary to success, as cotton will not make an early growth on a cold wet soil. In the second place, it has not been found profitable to raise cotton on poor land under boll weevil conditions, because the overhead expenses are so great that it makes the t ost of production very high per pound u? cotton. Seine practices which have been found extremely important in supplying and maintaining the fertility of the soil are suggested below. Crop Rotation.? it has been found that the fertility of the soil may bo maintained more easily and more economically by a systematic crop rotation than ii can be done without a rotation. The value of crop rotation in keeping up the f rtility of our land can not be over-estimated. The Clemson Colege agronomists have worked out good rotations for various phases of fanning in the differen sect ions-of the state and will gladly furnsh them upon request. Summer Legumes.?It is recom* mended that summer legumes be plamed everywhere possible and that all such legumes as are not needed for feed for livestock bo plowed under for soil improvement. This will reduce the fertilizer bill very materially and at the same time will add much valuable organic matter to our soils. In a recent experiment conducted by Clemson College at Allendale). S. (\, whore corn followed cotton, a yield of ll? hushftls vr:w >> 11 i u mi i 11: m use of nitrogenous fertilizer. Where corn followed a crop of velvet beans, the same plot gave 37.7 bushels, showing that the velvet beans supplied practically all the nitrogen required in the production of a good crop of corn on a poor sandy loam soil. Winter Cover Crops.?It is also important to plant winter cover crops on all land not otherwise occupied, as those not only help to preserve the fertility of the land and prevent washing and leaching, but are also valuable because the boll weevil can not live through the winter in a green cover crop, sin^e he is unable to evaporate sufficient moisture from his Ijody to enable him to stand the wintor. Drainage and Terracing.?Tt Is impossible to raise cotton satisfactorily on land that is poorly drained, and it is impossible to build up the fertility of land that is not properly terraced. Therefore, good drainage and proper terracing are primarily ess?>nti;ii fn successful crop produeton under bolJ weevil conditions. Lime Where Needed.?The use ot lime is recommended where n good system of crop rotation is being followed and whore groen jnanure crops ; n d \v in ?.e r cover crops are being fr ?___ Your Blank Book CARRIED IN STO Sheet Holders Hav Books Jouvn-.ils Figuring- H< i 1 n \ * i^cuifrrs < asn <)oil 1*11 Cash Books Loose Loaf Wo Carry the Most Complete L Supplies in S COLUMBIA OFFICE Job Printing' Office K< 12-8-15-29 COLUMBIA, SC q-. I Si WWAY, S. C. DEO. 29, 1921. )BILE , IN WORLD C h ' 1 V ?? ? - ? >it.. i? f, r> ??, 'I [l\h \o ;; f ii ?? ;| ^?L i X^^SFv i xSj&l m^^^tmkrnr- \ 111?- .- - :,.; < - . *\ ' ^. s,( mobile 111 ilic world i* usim 1 by an aged urns in iiu> nepnrtincut <>1" tin' Se.nune. L'oinpauy in 181M, and, when running, It I I grown ai d plowed under to incro ( I ho organic matter in tho soil. Tdm ( will not be profitabl 4 *o apply ' coin, wotton. or small grains, oxoop a under th<? conditions givon above. Livestock Manures snd Corr?mp;*c: ^ Fertilizers. . Coinmorcial fertilize:' should bo used judiciously, and tho barnyard manure possible shouli bo applied to our farming land. I" dor boll weevil conditions it h j boon found that ihe earliest < ; (which under brill \vo? vil condition 4 i-; the best crop) is secured from pr orlv balanced fertilizer. !t is impor "ent to have enough of each ebnrin the soil to supnly tho n< ed of crop and yet it is not wise to ha too much of any one el ement, for t' will delay tho maturity of the ere'* 1 ? i;'< i.-.llv is this true of "itrog.vi a potash. Many experiments have shov hat a little nitrogen gives a la ?rop. Tt has al<o been found that t< little potash is likely to result in d >i ru?e and !oo i icb poi: ; l'kely to delay tho maturity of i I mp. i The Rxtension Service and ">pnth Carolina TCxporim mt Stati avo issued from time to time var!o publications that will holn farnio ?ttild hotter soils. One of tho m . uupuri ;i ui 01 I'lcsf is i\,\ r n: !' l | ?otin IS. "Farming under noil \Y e 1 ] Venditions,'' which can bo .mu." ' i Pre1, from county agents or from il"? i 'xtension Service. demson College. S. C. CO-OPERATION If THF. PRODUC. TtON STANDARDIZATION, A MD MARKETING OF FARM PRODUCTS. 1* is recognized Hint farmers :ioed artd should ha\<* a larger share of the c( nsumer's dollar paid for farm products. To get this farmers need to pay more attention to uniformity in production, to proper standardization of products, and to orderly distribution of products. Those things can be pecon plisliod only by e vaporation through organization Tlio individual farmer is seldom :ihlo to make satis* factory market connection. Therefore fanners am urged: * ta> To perfect community organizations for uniform production through f the adoption of standard varieties, standard containers, standard grades otc. (b) To organize co-operative marketing as:3.jointions on the commodity basis tc (he p'oper grading, adequate warehousing, necessary financing, and skillful selling of farm products. f\ I Nature Keeps He." Secrets. M,Mil's COH<[WOSt ?>1' IIUllllV is M'I'J likely an uneven conflict. Many of her methods and secrets she lias not pi'vcdImI : siiiuo she muv never rcvenl fhe Qulr.lne That Does Not Affect the Hesr Heceusc of its tonic nnd laxative effect, I,AX.A JN"K BROMO QUININK is better than onlinn: yu'r-.ue nnd does not cause nervousness in rmsruiK in head. Remember the I'uil name ai too* for the b# nature of I?. W. GKOVH i The livery stables on 3rd Avenue near the bottling works were recently remodeled and turned into a Karate for the repair of automobiles. The motor vehicle is rapidly taking the place of the horse and the mule in this county. Supplies for 1922 ?CK IN COLUMBIA 1 Ledger Sheets >oks Columnar Sheets ials Post I?indo Ledgers Hint? Hooks i no of Blank Books and Loose Leaf oulh Carolina. SUPPLY COMPANY luipmont sdun^sj .ioimnj{ >UTIl CAROLINA I ? Ji I X* V". ?!d i "'' !? GURLEY ITEMS. , Christmas passed otV quietly at 1 turley. 1 Rev. J. M. Lemmon filled his regu\v appontment at the IVesoyrerian 'hurch. He preac ie<f , a hM?e mv,m)?i which was joyed very Ivijtjen. The Christ:ni * exercises at ftpfley 'hool on Sa ur lay nir ht v. c\jj,,'t inc., 'lie te.ncii'Ts, Miss Heatrice l.d IVii>s ftthel White deserve or them. Miss Maud Anderson, who is teachn<? near Toddvillle, is spending1 the to!i lays at home. Mr. and Mrs. Kd Prince are visiting t CJalivants Ferry this work. Mr. Hocholle Mishoe, Miss Beatrice Cirkland, Mr. Emory Sasser, spent hristinas afternoon at TaOor, in. <> . Mr. Worth Suggs, of I.oris, was a doasant \ isitor at Gurley on Sunday iftcrnoon. Tom Williamson, of Albany, Ga., s vsiting at the homo of Mrs. H. W. ishoo. :\!is^ Mattio Mishoe, who is training <t tho .J. W. M. Hspital. Wilmington, \T. C., is spending tho holidays here. C. W. Mishoe. of Kstell, S. C., is lonin for the holidays. Mrs. I'd, Prince, Mrs. John ISland, no .Mis-; Path Sasser, who are teachni>: the Hickory Mill School, are lome for the holidays. -?llrown Eyes. To Cure n Cold in One Pay a.*. LAXATIVE TWOMO QUININE (Tablets.) I\ )l t'??- v ounli ur?t li? ariuchc ami works off the E. W. GlvO". 1 S ;. 'nature on en K box. 30i' NEW EXTENSION WORKERS Clem -on ''ollege.?Announcement n ade I y Director W. W. I ong, oi he Extension Service, of the an(ointment of four now extension workers; namely P. H. Sean, Ex(n<i??n Specialist in Plant Hreodinu ; G. ("ashman, Extension Dairy Specialist; G. C. McDerni'd, count \ li'cni lor Charleston County: and I W. Cathcart, county agent for Y i11 iamshu 'ix ("o"ny. I'. H. S Mm. th new Extension specialist in Plant P?reeding. is a fait Sifena? I FX. .J, \;/ life ft E Oi What Science Knows Aliout Best T The blood more important than any of the ^organs. ii ia thru the blood that the whole human body is directly or indirectly nourished. The blood gets its noui ishment from the intestines. The intestines also contain waste products ? undigested foods, acids, gases and recuse, which sometimes fcvl in the bleed. When wast * products get in the blood, mature w:i!: r.riw to cast them mit. If your resistance is strong enough nature will pn.-Sably succeed. But ii' you p.' e "b 1 w par," weak,! urn down, and norvonr nature will I L>egin to shew ; i;>;ns of <!; Ire* 3. As a result, you will b .ve that feeling of fatigue. You \ ill lack the energy you 11 od for the day's dutii . rind pleasure 3"inor ailments will ?gin to affect you?pimples, black-1 heads, and boils. If the wa.ie products are not gotten it of the hlood at this point, it is ;o.;;.ible a more serious skin eruption >r disease will begin to show itself. ktvui* ?u. ?ri_ ? nOIA'K nn ji_;j\i\.rv Oi\ Come to our phi WO ll.UVO to offer LAYTON HliK K \> 12 22 If. Marion irnwmwiAM. ??^ <WO?????r????M?>M?? Happy N. The Quality Shop ta ing many thanks lor the pal I he good will ol its friend is now last drawing to a cl extended during the sale tl store. ! This store will do its a tie and trood wiil of all u c; year that vvll soon be at hai Wilh all of the good son. The Ouz* wvrm aun cli i N. J. beni 1 IVrr- f-r i?,r. t?|v 'f mtive of South Carolina ami a graduate of CI em son College in the class :>f 191C>. After graduation he was for a short while assistant in tho Extension Service headquarters oflice and then county.\ agent for Clarendon County until >egjnning of the war, lifter 3fe vice in the war he entered thc^*+*mV6rsity of Wisconsin whore he took special work in J$aht breeding and ^en tics.. .^Ke will M.ive special attentioii to >^Wfu0ity cotton hrocnlir 11^ is H'J!'1' well < u.ili lit ?t .<> become spouiiilu^^.q plant breeding. His headquarters wiii bo at Clemson College. C. Ci. Cushman. the new Kxtcnsion l)airv Specialist. i.- a tfraduate of Purdue I'niversity and has had expcrierce ?n dai y work, having managed a .It rsey farm owned by his father .".1 Stllwur. Indiana, and havi.K, n. I ln.l III, i.-n I III uie (irv;a l/.aiion ( t the Southwest Indiana Jersey Breed* evs* Association. M? a'-o assisted tho county agi at *' 1 me county in Indian i in voia a* ticultural campaign . Mr. < a an > ill erve the Piedmont district and will have headquarters at ("I- on (' 1 go for tho present. i?. ('. tfcDern id. who has been engaged as county ' -v f< ChaHoston. is a graduate of Clernson ColIc-jro an! has had \> r yars* experience in agricultural work in the lower part of tie tat\ For the past year lvA has been with 'he Comi?ahee Company in Colleton County. His appointment will ' '1 tl vacancy caused hv the re>ignati n of C. K. Little.iohn. T. M. Cathcart, who ha- been engaged for the place in WiMiamsbuig county is also a graduate of Clemson College, and served for sou -v. years as county agent in Williamsburg1 County, hiving resigned in Ii> 1> to engage in farming for himseif. Upon the resignation of L. C. Madi on, who has been county agent for the past year and a half, Mr. Cothcart has been secured to re-enter the county ny.ont work. sets ia the Blood ihe Matter and How It is reated. >; > It is not infrequent for waste products to Kettle in ?lie muscles and joints and cause rheumatism. Listen to nature's warning. Your blood is your fountain source of energy?therefore keep your blood rich and pure. For over 50 years, thousands and thousar J* of men and women have relied on S. S. S. to clear their blood ol waste products. S. S. S. will improve the quality of your blood by relieving you of the waste products which cause impoverished bl ?d a.id its allied troubles?skin disorders, rheumatism and a lowered vitality. Get S. S. S. at your dvnT("':'t. Y>e\ ..re ,>f su*v>'itutos. Wvjte Ch'vf Medical Director, Swift Specific Co., D-720 S. S. S. Li? Uory, Atlanta, (la. for spocial medical advice (without charge). He is h lp i p or pv\ ' !e i-vory day i.o rogytin their h-al h and strength. A:k him to send you his i1 uistrated booklet, "f'tctti Ahout the lllood"?free. S. S. S. is sold by all druc stores. ICK " BRICK nit and see \\liat before you buy. OUKS, (Kst. 188:?) , s. c. ew Year! kes this method of expressronage of its customers, and s, during the old year that ose; also for the patronage bat has been put on at this best to deserve the patronthe people during the new id. wishes ol the holiday seality Shop s, Manager.