The Horry herald. (Conway, S.C.) 1886-1923, August 11, 1921, Image 4
Do you
know why
j It'a toasted?
To seal in
the delicious
Burley flavor.
It's toasted.
MuoS\ l
llSTRlkEJl
^^CIGARETTE/M
($Lr, ?J V "* p.- /=>
Vf'F^y Sh,AS?sVmjC^>U?*X*<- M'Orf^V.r-^y.
OPPRESSED
ESTHON IA
Little Ealtic Suffered Much
From Misrule of
Others.
World attention has been focused
so closely upon storm centers of
Central and Southern Europe t hat j
{Comparatively little has been heard
of the new nations carved from
.Russia along' the Baltic Sea, says a
bulletin from the Washington, D. C.,
headquarters of the National Geo- j
graphic Society. I
But with the gradual resumption
of commerce between Russian and I
+ vuswirl I^q) hnnin nnd
VI 1V^ UUVOIVIV ft VI IV*
via will assume a more important
aspect, either as barriers or gateways
to interior Russia.
Much, too, has been written of
"the oppressions of other subject
peoples. The Esthonians might well
claim to be the peers of any national
sufferers since medieval times
because they have been sore beset
both by Germans and Russians.
From the eighties of the last century
until the World War period
Esthonia bore the double yoke of
Tsarist laws administered by German
officials. As one writer exclaims,
"Heaven preserve us from
Jiussian law as interpreted by Germans.
The Russian official may
not tal<e a Russian law very seriously,
but one can be sure that
the German officials will."
One must go far back into Esthonian
history to trace the origin
of this duplicate despotism. And to
the student of human geography the
emergence to a sudden independence
of a people so long submerged
Avill make an experiment worth
-watching.
The Esths are an aboriginal people
of northern Europe who once
terrorized the Baltic by piracy, and
later clashed often with Swedes a?
Danes.
"Tradition has it that the oldest
flag of Europe, that of Denmark,
dates from 1219 when the Danish
"Waldemar II, who may he likened,
to Alfred the Great, was Conducting'
a campaign to subdue Esthonia. A I
great silver cross appeared against!
a fiery background in the Heavens'!
as an omen of success. This same!
"Waldemar, in the same year, founded
the town of Reval, now capital
amd seaport of Esthonia.
Few nations can show so consistent
a record of conquest under the
guise of conversion as the Esther? ians.
The Danes came to baptize
them al the point of the sword;
.then entered the Knights of the
sword, coming in the role of Crusaders
and remaining for some six centuries
as overlords. During the
long era of German ascendancy the
country became thoroughly protestant
"Within the past half century the
Russians undertook strenuous methods
to gather the Esths into the fold
of their Orthodox church. Long e\pe
rience taught these neople the
wisdom of accepting "conversion"
arid then returning to their fold.
But when they tried this expedient
after the visits of Russian priestthey
found it a civil crime to withdraw
from the Russian church after
having entered it. Moreover for a
Protestant clergyman to marry a
man or woman who belonged to the
Russian church was punishable by im
prison ment.
The rugged endurance of thi?
TAcvnnem people, their vitality an<
spirit, is sufficiently shown by theii
Wearing up under oppression that wa
both religious and political, an<
f>*om t>he political standpoint botl
Prussian and Russian. Perhaps the!
WoTiROlic descent helps account fo
that.
Before the World War Estboni
was accounted one of tho mo"1 pr"
v^essive regions, agriculturally. i
Russia. Nature is scarcely kirdr
to tho Ksths than nations. Tho
IWe in a low, swampy country, nc
where as hiVh above sea level r
the bnse to i<?i> heifrh* of \\Wn-1
irfton rvon'iiment. Their summei
are hot their winters cold.
Tho pooplo have an especial lo^
for ponjjf, ai'f industrious and pr
frre> sive. and their struggle to fa
a livelihood from <ho soil rath<
thnn a ln?k of onterorise accoun
for the fo#?t that some of tho
?ro;?ll^v villages have boon descn
^>(1 n ff <^y> r- JV><1
Ufcscript an J least lovely in all E
i
*
V . - ,
jk>Ai.
1
rope.
?t should be noted that the free ?
Esthonia recognized by many European
governments comprises more
than the X>ld Russian Esthonia.
part of Lffl^nia is included in the
new state,' while the southern part
of Livonia, along with Courland, goe*
to make up Latvia. The Esthonian.M
and the Letts have less in common
than one might expect of two neighbor
peoples who have suffered for
centuries the same slings of outrageous
national fortune.
Keval, busy seaport city, betray*
its German influence, and has been
described by some visitors as akin
to a medieval German town. It
has had a commanding position in
commerce since it was one of the
85 city members of the first giant
trust, the Hanseatic League. But
it has Russian half marks, notably
the Tower of St. Olaf, one of the
tallest in Russia, which would even
top the Times building in New '
York.
Dorpat is the Cembridge of Es- (
! thonia?;perhaps the Heidelberg of (
Esthonia would be the better ap- ,
pellation, since Dorpat was a seat 1
of German influence. The Unversity
of Dorpat was founded by Gusta- ^
vus Adolphus twelve years after the ,
Pilgrims sot foot on Plymouth Rock j
land more than a century before the ,
i next oldest university in prewar i'
| Russia, that at Moscow. (
REAL BLUE SUNDAYS 1
I Old Timers Know Meaning of
Strict Laws.
,
"No one shall kiss his or her chil- I
dren on the Sabbath or feasting '
days." "No one shall personally t
cook meals, make beds, sweep house,
cut hair or shave on the Sabbatti
Day." "No one shall cross a river <
on the Sabbath but an authorized '
clergyman," "No food or lodging- !
shall be offered to heretics. ]
The present national commotion :
resulting from the reformer's at- i
tempt to take the sun out of Sun- <
day brings to mind a previous at- 1
tempt some two centuries ago, says <
the New York Times. These Con- s
necticut blue laws are far famed; '
I but they were by no means limited s
to the colony noted for its wooden 1
nutmegs and Ichabod Cranes. (
I Down in that land, Virginia, i
where the Colonists consumed so c
much mint julep that to this day 1
the mint grows otit of the graves of t
Jamestown, the rules were just as 1
strict. In lf>82 a woman was indicted
for selling corn on Sunday! i
Indeed, the very first General As- i
sembly in the Old Dominion passed (
a law requiring every citizen to at- *
tend church on the Sabbath, and if a f
freeman disobeyed he was compell t
ed to pay three shillings, and if a 1
slave, he was flogged! And going to f
church, mind you, meant in those >
days going to a particular kind of i
church. For in 1632 the Virginia 1
Assembly passed a law punishing all i
dissenters from the Church of Eng- t
land, in 1G62 passed an act banish- i
ing all who refused to have their t
children baptized in that church, in t
1741 issued a law making life un- c
comfortable for Presbyterians and in N
174G, created further statute., aimed ^
at Moravians and Methodists. Verily, c
those were the days of the real blue
Sundays. 1
But who has ever suppressed a
Yankee in anything?even in keep- *
ing or in breaking the Sabbath? In )
those days religion entered into 1
every phase of life?one's food,|(
sleep, recreation, work, dress. Those 1
grave old churchmen of Massach'?
setts and Connecticut passed stern 1
regulations about one's cuffs, ruf- 1
fles, ribbons and bands. There
should be, for instance, no "short :
(sleeves whereby the nakedness of '
the arms may be discovered," but
|on the other hand on sleeves must
I be more than "half an oil long'.'' It 1
I was a nerve racking time for tailor* I
and dressmakers. i
j If you did not go to church you
woo simply "beyond the pale." "No j
! one," declared the old laws, "shall '
be a freeman or have a vote unless J
j he is converted and a member of
i the churche.- allowed in the Do- i
j minion," and, moreover, if you failed]
to attend divine services the town j
watchman saw to it that time hung
heavy on your hands. No one wa,-,
allowed to leave town on the Sabbath;
no one- must come to town except
for church attendance. No work
was permitted on farm, in shop, or
on ship. A boat could not lie use<i.
except when absolutely necessary in
j getting people to "meeting-houses."
Using a horse, or a wagon was unlawful
if the church were within
reasonable distance, and "reasonable"
. was in this case a most expansive
i word.
t Then, too, the odor of cooking
? food on the Sabbath was an abom.
ination, while to smoke or chew tobacco
near a meeting house on
Sunday meant a seat in the stocks
\ instead of a church pew! Indeed,
this use of "sotweed," as tobacco
was called, was a most sinful habit
, on any day. "None under 21 years,
i nor any previous accustomed to it,
shall take tobacco without a physijcian's
certificate. No one shall use
jit publicly in the street or the field4
or the woods, except on a journey o1
a at least 10 miles, or at dinner. Noi
shall anyone take it in any house Ii
n his own town with more than on<
r person taking it at the same time.'
V What chance for an American to
bacco trust in those cruel days!
l" Nor did one dare for a long tim?
to make mince pies or play an;
musical instrument, "except ;
drum, a trumpet or a jew's-harp!
,*f- Luckily, the early New Englander
n were not musically inclined. Car
\r> playing was absolutely forbidden
who ever brought cards into Ih
t Dominion was fined 5 pounds! An
'> as for dancing?the thought wa
unbearable. Says old Judge Sewa!
iv in his famous seventeenth centur
u- diary; "After the ministers of thl
0
he HORRY rfnRAI?D, OONws
town (Boston) come to the . court
and complain against a dancing
master who seeks to set up here
and hath mixt dances, and his time
t)f meeting is Lecture Day (Thursday),
and 'tis reported he should
say that by one play he could teach
more divinity than Mr. "Williard (the
pastor) or the Old Testament." A
little later Sewall joyfully records
that dancing master has fled town be
:ause of debt?"several warrants out
Tor him." But why expect to dance
when the laws declared that no one
should run on the Sabbath or walk
in his garden or elsewhere "except
reverently to and frpm meeting.
divinIngrod
superstition
Thp iflPH of J1 "ilivinini* *#wl?? ?>
? V* I I I ^ 1 uu wi
some other instrument that may be
used as a means of finding buried
treasure, mineral deposits, and underground
oil or water is a superstition
that continues with marvelous
persistence in spite of the lack of
tangible results from its employment.
It may be said without qualification
or exception that no rod or instrument
has vet been developed to
find buried treasures, nor any instrument
that will indicate the presence
of gold, silver, copper, zinc, or
other nn magnetic metals, or their
rues, that are hidden from view unthe
ground.
Iron, nickel, and some minerals,
that contain these metals arc magnetic,
and the dip-needle or mariner's
compass has been adapted to use
in prospecting for these metals.
Such an instrument can be purchased,
but special training is required
to enable anyone to use it successfully.
A volume published by the
United States Geological Survey,
department of the interior, entitled
'Mineral Resources of the United
States, calendar year 1911," Part 1,
pages 144 to 154, contains a discussion
of methods of prospecting for
iron ore by magnetic surveys and by
Irills. Although the use of the dip
needle is required to make accurate
observations with it, and after those
ire made they must be interpreted
i U - r "
jv tnu cunsiuerauon ot many i actors,
so that the unskilled user is likely
;o he disappointed in his results. The
edition of the volume above mentioned
available for free distribution is now
)ut of stock at the Geological Survey,
lut a copy may be purchased from
he superintendent of documents,
Washington, D. C., for 90 cents.
Gold, silver, copper, lead and zinc
ire not magnetic, and no instrument
io\v in use will indicate the presence
)f these metals or their ores if they
ire hidden from view within the
ground. Devices that are supposed
o indicate the presence of concealed
lonmagnetic ore are usually offered
'or sale either through ignorance or
vith intent to defraud. Some honest
ittempts have been made to prospect
'or nonmagnetic ores by measuring
n different direction the capactiv of
he ground to conduct an electric current,
the idea being that ground conainMig
metai'ic Material will conduct
he current beitei than that whit li
onttiins none. These attempts, as
veil as trials with other -electrical deices.
however, have not been sue- |
:essfu!. and the various forms of such
ipnaratus could not be used by one
mfamiliar with electrical work.
Some measurements of the elecrical
potential of metallic minerals
,veie made several years airo in the
aberatorv of :he United States Geological
Survey by R. C. Wells, and
.ho results were published in the
Survey's Bulletin 548, entitled "Electric
activity in ore deposits," which
may be had for 10 cents from the Superintendent
of Documents. The result^
obtained by Mr. Wells, however,
do not all ord an adequate basis for
anv method rf electrical prospecting,
and it is still doubtful whether eloc
trical methods of prospecting for nonmagnetic
o'Ts will ever bo useful, although
they may have limited application
in searching for certain kinds
of '.res. Most deposits of the nrecious
and semiprecious metals and their
ores are discovered by those who, by
experience, h:?vo become familiar with
the kinds of rock in which the ore?
are found and who use the ordinary
methods of prospecting.
No instrument ether than the dril1
has been eevised that will indicate
; the presence of wat'*r or oil under|ground,
in determining the probable
existence of underground supplies o
{these liquids geologists arc guided b>
| their knowledge of the relation o
jbeds of locks visible at the surface
I to beds that contain oil or water a
I other places in the same general re
;gion. They also make use of th
recognized relation of occurrences o
oil <)) water to certain structure
(folds, faults, etc.) in the locks, am
of surface indications, such as oi
seeps, springs, out flows of gas, et<
The United States Water Supply Pjj
per 416 a report by A. J. Ellis, entitle
"The divining rod, a history of wat
witching" which shows tiie uselest
ness of the instrument. This repoi
may be obtained from the director c
the United States Geological Surve;
1 Washington, D. C.
>o
Catarrh
; Catarrh is a local disease gTeatly Inflt
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MALL'8 CATARRH MEDICINE is
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4
%
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STRAY HOG.
A red and black spotted sow about
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Marked split in right ear; and upper
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same by calling on the undersigned
and paying charge?.
W. D. EDWARDS,
R. i\ D. No. 2, Conway, S. C.
?Advertisement 7|21 3t
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7|21|21 tf
Address: ][/Jyr[le Bcach, S. (
ill
I?
We wi
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Every first and third
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T1CE
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,
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I^F . Copyright 1921
^ I by R. J. Reynold*
Tobacco Co.
i Hk Winston-Salem,
N.C. ^