The Horry herald. (Conway, S.C.) 1886-1923, May 15, 1919, Page PAGE SIX, Image 6
PAOB SIX
THE COST OF COTTON
TO THEJOUTH
'MR. J. 8. WANNAMAKER GIVES
SURPRISING FACTS.
STATEMENTS OF FARMERS
South Realize* Its Future Is at
Stake and Must Act
Accordingly.
T V* 7 1
mii , onwivunw yy turnrtniiiivvr,
^chairman of the South Carolina Col,ton
Association, upon the request of
a well known magazine that he furnish
them with a statement "showing '
the cost of cotton to the South," sent
them the following article:
Cost of Cotton to the South.
First, as to the cost of cotton to
the South, I have estimated the cost
of cotton to the South includes the
following:
1. The production of cotton coRt the
South slavery.
2. It caused the War Iletween th?
States.
3. The production of cotton ha';
brought slave labor. Regardless of th
fact that cotton is a hand-made prod
uot. a price has been established on
cotton on the basis of slave-labor.
irom wiucn price u naf* never neei
removed. |
4. It cruised the South to become
cotton slaver;.
5. It carded the South to merely exist;
denying to the producers the ne
eosr.'ties and comforts of life.
H. To produce cotton and exist at
the price paid for it hv the manipulator
no.- essita ml the establishment
of stun'* 'ion wages in the South,
which ex'st oven unto todmv
7. It has enured th" illiteracy of
tkn St''' t'-r uuh th.e manipulations
of the c >tton hoprn.
S tj u-.r. pMuced the impoverishment
r r'^m of tho South.
0. Th? production of cotton has
rmr ed t>~e had roads of the South
through t'*e ira.novrris.hinept of the
producer by the manipulator.
10. It has driven from the rural
communities the white man. who is
no longer contented to eke out an existence:
to dmv to himself and his
family tb? comforts and necessities of
life; to work without a fair remuneration.
11. It is even driving the negro
away; he has received a new vision;
he is no longer satisfied with his un.comfortable
surroundings; he is insufficiently
clothed.
'Has Made Other Sections Prosperous.
12. It has made other sections ol
the country prosperous; it has fattened
the bears and manipulators of
the North; it has blessed mankind in
every spot of the globe where the
sun shines except in the South, where
it has proved a curse.
13. The production of cotton in tho
South today has mused the descendants
of the people who fought to
break the chains of physical slavery
from the black man to fight for the
purpose of forging the chains of
slavery, of poverty, of illiteracy on
the women and children working in
the cotton fields, both white and
black, still tighter.
14. It has filled the grave-yards of
the South with men. women and little
children who existed and passed
away without necessities, comforts
:and education.
15. It has created one of the greatest
gambling hells on this globe, the
New York Cotton Exchange, extend
Ing its damnable and blighting ma
nipulations and schemes throughout
our nation; fattening and prospering
the gamblerR and manipulators on the
life-blood of the toiler.
16. The production of cotton In the
South has caused the producer to be
come a commercial cannibal, this beta*
absolutely n*cessaxv to enable
him to exist. He has destroyed his
forestry, fleeced his soil of its fertility;
existed on his natural assets;
denying to himself and his family
reasonable hours of work and proper
working conditions; a decent home;
the opportunity to play and to learn.
17. It has caused child labor In the
South. It has caused the women and
children of the South, both white and
black, to perform not only labor, regardless
of hours, but even to per
form the manual labor of tilling the
oil with the plow. (White women
and colored women can be seen plowing
the cotton fields of the South,
fat. 1IAA1. J .1 ^ J
Willi unit) nuiRiuw'nu cniiurru yi (Miding
along behind them, scattering
compost, and performing their work
from the break of day to the twilight
?underfed, Impoverished, half-clothfed.
worn and weary.)
18. It has caused the producer of
>cotton to go without the necessary
cotton clothing?the white man seldom
having enough to meet the requirements
of health and hygiene; the
negro being seldom blessed with more
'than four cotton underRuits?one for
'life use. one when he Joins the church,
lone when he marrieR the first time,
and one when he iR buried. (ThiR beitng
in excesR of the average.)
As to the Cost of Production of Cotton
In the South.
T requested the Hon. I). TT. Houston.
Secretary of Agriculture, to furnish
ho with a detailed statement showing
t?>e cop* of umduetion of cotton in
the South for the vear 191<*. He has
just telegraphed me as follows:
"Itemized estimate of total cost of
production of cotton for 1918 not yet
completed. Work now being done will
provide basis for estimate in few
weeks. Would bo glad for your association
to select committee of three,
to be in Washington April 21, for *
special conference on factors to be *
considered in estimating cost of producing
cotton." f
For the purpose of estimating the
cost of production by the producer, I
by the experienced business man and
by the experienced banker, ! have 1
selected various men from our State.
The result is aptly furnished by the f
following statements, which are in ^
line with the* various statements reeehod.
These statements are from
three men of unquestioned veracity,
fine business judgment, long business
experience and men who have been "i
actively engaged in farming for ovex 2
quarter of a century; men who
world not purposely make a misleading
statement, even though they felt
s-ifsfed it would result in assisting \
us to win this campaign, regardless of t
the deep interest they feel in the sue
co s of this movement for the com- *
nu'ivial freedom of rio South
C^st of Production Illustrated on a ij
One-Horse Farm of Fifteen Acres,
Planted by J. M. Molman. I.
The production of rhis farm Is bused
r m a ton-year average production of
C ilhoin county.
1 have heen farming for thivt.y-flvr !|
v vrs. >nd hnv" also boon actively on- ;
r r 4d n cotton for the past ten years, j;
1 p isf years must ho loft out. of any
cili lation in finding the cost of tin*
I i! 19 crop, for tho rcoson that nil vol- *
oos h wo advanced out .if all recoil.
I T.. bor and fertilizers cost thro^? timer. !'
; much as they did at the beginning |(
' of tlm war.
"'ho lcnlatIons heroin are made
with 'ho actual cotton planted on this
on horse farm, and the expenses are ;
fit tired only for the actual working !
porlc d. my only object being to tind i
or.i what it will actually cost to pro- |
dure a pound of cotton. The owner of
til f .mi gets nothing for himself out
of 'his farm except his profit of $0(1.50 ;
and he will not got this profit if his |
cotton is damaged by storm or otherwise
and is reduced in grade, also pro- !
vided ho gets thirty cents for his cotton
and $60 for his sood. I have not i
charged this farm with any expense j
! for hoeing. T expect the plowman to
have time to do this work.
Expenses.
15 bushels planting seed . . . . $ 15.00
3 tons high grade fertilizers lS0.no
750 pounds rent paid, at 30o.. 225.00
Ginning, bagging and ties, 7
hales cotton 35.00
Wages one man, eight months
| at $40 320.00
i Feed of mule eight months... 120.00
i Rent of mule 30.00
| Picking 0.000 pounds of cotton
at $1 90.00
Hauling to gin and market... 21.00
Expense handling seed 15.00 i
1 A A 1 _ * e
wt'iir ami ii'ht Kims ana nx|
tureH 15.00 |
$1.006.00
I
Income.
3.375 pounds cotton at 30c... $1,012.50 (
5.000 pounds seed at $00 150.00
I |
Cross inconup $1,102.50
Expense 1,060.00
rrcTflt $ 96.50 !
j
! 'Cost per pound. 31.58.
I certify that the above statement
is correct and true. J. M. Holman. I
Cost of cotton production illustrat- i
edon one-horse farm of thirty acres
(twenty acres cotton and ten acre3
food) by J. A. Banks.
Fertilizer.
8 tons 8-4-0 at $50 $ 400 00
1 ton soda 83.50 ,
i Labor.
1 plowman at $40 per month.. 480.00
Hoe labor 40.00 !
, Extra labor 40.00
' Picking: 12 B-C at 75c per
; hundred 90.00 j
20 bu. planting seed at $1 bu. 20.00
10 per cent depreciation on
I $500 equipment 50.00 j
Current cost farm equipment 30.00
Ginning and bagging and ties,
12 B-C at $5 60.00 1
$1,302.50
Income.
270 bu. cotton seed at $1 bu..$ 276.00
j 3.000 lbs. cotton at 28 Vie lb.. 1,026.00
$1,302.00
This farm should produce under
average conditions in thin county of
Calhoun, S. C.. food sufficient to feed
the horse that plows It and twelve
400-pound bales of cotton (three bales
of which shaft ba taken for rent of
land) and 276 bushels of cotton seed.
This makes a balance and leaves
the farmer nothing for his time and I
attention.
I have been fanning for the p?Rt
forty vearfl and I am thoroughly
familiar with cotton production, hare
nlflo had many years* experience in
general merchandise business, supplying
fertilizers and supplies to farmers.
also have had twenty-five to
thirty years' experience as a hanker. !
being engaged during this period in
farming, merchandising, operating
sales stables and furnishing live i
stork.
The above is a correct statement
illustrating the cost of production of!
cotton. ,T. A. Ranks. t
Cost of Cotton Production Illustrated
on a One-Horse Farm of Twentyseven
Acres (18 Acres Cotton
and 9 Acres Corn and
J I
THE HORRY HERALD, CONW
Hay). By T. A. Amaker.
Fertilizer. i
tons fertilizer 8-3-2 at 3
$58 $ 381.50 t
1 tor. Tilt rate soda 80.00 i
Labor. *
1 plow hand 12 months, at $40 480.00 I
\ 1
loe labor, 18 acres at $2.25 40.50 \
Oxtra labor, gathering corn, ,
hay, etc 50.00 .
icking 10 bales cotton at $1
per hundred weight 120.00
8 bushels planting seed at $2 I
a bushel 30.00 1
0 per cent depreciation on
$600 equipment 60.00
ncidental expenses 30.00
linning and bag and ties 10
b. c 50.00
$1,348.00 .
Income. *
' b. c. 400 lbs. each at 30c.. $ 840.00
!41) bushels cotton seed at $1 240.00
$1,080.00
The above farm should produce 10
>. c. and tenant must pay thn*e bales
*ent. After paying entire proceeds of
sale of cotton and seed on his year's ^
expenses, lie owes a balance of $268.
i
Land planted in corn and hay will |
produce enough to feed horse. | j.
I have boon engaged in farming
'or the past thirty years and am
horoughly familiar with the cost of 11
iroductlon being now extensively en- *
taged in farming, and also thoroughly c
'amiliar with same as a merchant r
selling fertilizers and supplies, hav- ii
ng been extensively engaged in the (|
mercantile business for the past thirty (1
rears.
s
The above is a correct statement
11m-.(rating the cost of production of
otton. T. A. Amnker.
t
Referring Back to the Cost of Cotton ,
to the South.
Cotton production hv.s cost the
South all that I have said and a vast (
mount more. The cost is so great i
that it would require the judgment of *
Clod Almighty to render a decision n
a to what cotton has actually cost a
ilie South. No mortal man can make j
the estimate. \
llmiry Grady nufl'e than thirty-one c.
years ago delivered a speech* in New s
Hngland, which nvude a more lasting ^
impression possibly on the country ^
than any one speech ever delivered
by any human being. The production 1
of cotton in the South has prevented ; 1
his prediction from coming time. He i
said in part:
"When every farmer in the South )
shall eat bread from his own fields t
and meat from his own pastures and
disturbed by no creditor, and enslaved
by no debt, shall sit amid his teeming ^
gardens, and orchards and vineyards,
and dairies and barnyards, pitching
his crop in his wisdom and growing I
them in independence, making cotton f
his clean surplus, and selling it in his t
own time, and in his chosen market,
ana not at a masters bid dins?pet- i
ting his pay in cash and not in a roceipted
mortgage that discharges his
debt, but does r?>t restore his freedom?then
shall be breaking the full- (
ness of our day." *
The cost of production of cotton In '
the South has made the lovad Ameri- '
I
can citizen realize that it is abso- <
lutely necessary for him in carrying ;
out his pledge to help make the world (
safe for democracy, to help in every
way possrble, using every ounce of N
energy at his command to help im-1 ^
prove conditions in the South, so that
it will be a fit place for people to
live in. He has made this decision be- (
cause he realizes, first, that it is his (
duty as a loyal American citizen and <
because it is bis duty in justice to t
G(xl and man. He realizes: , |
'Once to everv man and nation I t
I I
Comes the moment to decide; lc
In the strife of truth with falsehood, j
Cor the good or evil side.
"Then to sidowith tnith is noble.
When we share our wretched crust; 1
Kre her cause bring fame and profit, (
And 'tis prosperous to be just. 1
"Then it is the bravo man chooses, (
While the coward stands aside. 2
Doubting in his abject spirit. i
Till his Lord is crucified."
i
South's Future at Stake.
The South realizes that its future
existence is at stake, and that it i*
absolutely necessary to market, bank ^
and finance its cotton crop and that
if this is not done, the cotton produo (
tion of the South will follow the in- 1
digo production, and ttiat the cotton
production will he referred to on-ly a* t
something that once existed in ths )
South. 1
For this reason the farmor. iner (
diant and hanker have absloutely determined
to arrange to market oo4#
ton. They are forming a $200,000,00(1
corporation for this purpose known as (
the Marketing. Exporting and FlPano- i
ing Corporation, The manipulators | (
and gamblers who have fed on thtj(
life blood of the South will, of course, I (
Violently protest!. We realise that (
commercial freedom of the South 12
absolutely necessary to the future
progress and prosperity of the South.
The hanking interests of the South ^
iwill Increase their capital and su?N )
plus by at least. f>0 per cent, and will j
accept liberty loan bonds in payment (
for additional stock issued. Oppor- (
tunity only knocks once. The Smith
realizes that it is knocking today and
the door will be opened.
Are You Helping.
Are you helping in the fight fot I
commercial freedom of the South? If *
not. you are not a loyal Hon of either J
America or the South. Not only this j
1
AY, S. 0., MAY 15, 1910
**i55^SSi5i
?yon do not realise that America, ol
which the South is a part, is your own I
rour native land; you do not realize
hat God Almighty made all men free
ind equal; you do not believe on
'Peace on Barth good vrttl to men."
sio loyal American will so far forgot
lis duty as an American citizen; no
oya! American will so for forget hie
pledge to make the world safe for |
lemocracy.
MEXICAN CONGRESS
CLOSELY WATCHED,
Washington Keeps Eye on
Work of Body that Will not (
Pay Debts.
Washington. ? Financial legislaioti
which President Carranza has
.sked tlio Mexican congress to conider
at the extra session now being ^
icld is being watched closely by offi- 1
ials here, it was learned. This is *
mdorstood to bo due to American in- '
ciests being involved and to the re- (
ent statement of Louis Cabrera, sec- 1
r>( fU'Vr of finn?i/>n in I hn ??>'> ^
not, that Mexico would not pay its
lebts at present, even if it had the (
noney, preferring to await the re- '
ults ol the peace conference to see 1
what the world in general will do 1
vith its obligations, how many na- 1
ions \ ill repudiate their debts and
< w many will trim their obligations '
<> figures compatible with their in- 1
ome."
Figures recently received from
Mexico City through official chanlels
give the deficit for 1918, as ,v
mnounccd by Cabrera, as 7,( 00,000 !
>esos, or about $8,500,000. Put an nvestigation
of the Mexican finanial
situation by T. W. Osterheld,
pecialist and consulting expert in 4
?I( xienn values for a prominent *
Vail Street firm, show that Cabrera, 1
n making the report of the deficit.. *
ailed to take into account the follow '
ng items, amounts being in pesos:
National external bond interest for 1
918, unpaid, 10,100,000; national in- ^
crnal bond interest for 1918, unpaid,
1.800,000; interest on unpaid nation- 1
il bond interest, 1,098,000; guaran- '
eed railway bond interest, 20,780,- 1
)00; interest on unpaid interest on
^receding bonds 1,020,000, and bond 1
guaranteed by government other ;
,han railway bonds, 15,075,000.
Other figures compiled recently
)y officials from authoritative sourcshow
that the Mexican governnent
received extraordinary revenue
luring 1918 by the sale of stoCc in
;ho Hawaiian-American Steamship
[.ire, 7,000.000 pesos, and the abrogation
of the Tchuantepec Railway
oncession 12,000,000 pesos, which
ire classed as ordinary revenue in
Cabrera's report.
In addition the national railways,
vhich were confiscated by the Cav anza
government, yielded during
he year 8,000,000 pesos; private inlustrial
plants, mines, etc., confiscated
and not yet reotumed to the
owners, gave another 8,000,000 pesos
;o the public treasury; and the Wells?argo
and Mexican Express Com- 1
lanies contributed 12,000,000 pesos, '
me-half of the income of the com>anies
.
No reports have been made on the
>peration of revenue of the Mexican
ailways, the tramsways of Mexico
Dity or the Mexican Telephone Com- ]
zany's properties since they were
onfiscatcd, but the official statement
of Cabrera includes all the
amounts received from the various
sources given above as parts of the
icrmal revenue incomes of the govn*nmen
t.
It is said that if the confiscated jroperties
had been restored to
;heir owners the annual bond interest
debts paid and the extraordinary
evenue from the sale of the steam- 1
illi p stocks and the abrogation of the '
'ailway concessions eliminated, the !
*eal deficit for the year would have 1
>een approximately 9(1,000,000 pesos
>r $48,000,000. 1
<
n
Plans for the fonnation of a big
cotton export corporation with a captal
stock of $100,000,000 or $200,- J
)00,000 are rapidly being worked
>ut says the statement issued recently
by th*. South Carolina Cotton
Association. I
.
Sheriff Sanders and his deputies, <
vith the assistance of city police- ^
nen, raided Lyles Pharmacy, a drug ,
dore located in West Anderson, S. .
,..^^1 i r 1 no ?li
_/ , inrtv w v ? r\ anu IUUIIU ?4 j
>f com whiskey. ,
o 1
habitual Constipation Cured
in 14 to 21 Days
LAX-yoS WITH PEPSIN" is a specially- 1
)repared Syrup Tonic-Laxative for Habitual (
Constipation. It relieves promptly but i
should be taken regularly for 14 to 21 days .
o induce regular action. It Stimulate and
Regulates. Very Pleasant to Take. bOc
)er Iwttle. ^
I
PRESIDENT WANTS \
ALL MEN RETURNED
Early Return of Troops After
Peace Signed Will Be
Accomplished
3EBARKATION FACILITIES
FOR 450,000 A MONTH
)cn. March Hopes 48-Hour
Period for Discharges is
Maintained.
Washington. ? Determination of
President Wilson, indicated in press
ulvices from Paris, that no American
rcops shall continue on German soil
'or a longer period after the signing
>f the peace treaty than may be necessary
to bring them home is borne
mi by plans ol the War Department. j
'PI w. ..I ' '
.in |iuin:s contemplate the return j
>C the entire American Exp ditionury
'orcos by September. because of
his, Gen. .March, Chief of Staff, is
ni-kimv every effort to speed up dovu
hilization in this country.
An oi' ieial announcement issued
oday as to the accumulation of surill!:*
clothing for the troops stated
hat the timates were based on
'troop withdrawal to he completed
n September." The statement also
>aid that "if an army of cccnpation
s maintained after Soptenv In . a por
ion of this surplus will be needed."
150,000 a .Month Returned.
The September date represents c. .imates
by embarkation officials as
0 the maximum spee<l in withdrawal
the entire force, including trepos
tohling the Coblenz bridgehead xec:o'
on the Rhine. If anything, officers
anticipate that the movement
will be accelerated rather than retarded.
The schedule has been exceeded
recently and in increasing measure
from week to week with an indicated
"Monthly movement of 450,000 men.
Gen. March returned today from
1 personal inspection of demobiliza
PERU]
and MANALIN <
Mrs. E. M. Harris, R. R.
No. 3, Ashland, Wis., sends
a message of cheer to tke
sick:
"After following your advice
and n.sinK Peruna and Manulin, I
wild cured of cntarrh of the none,
tliront nnd stomach, from which
1 had suffered for several years.
Wlien I commenced taking I'eruna
I could not make my bod
without stopping; to rest. Now I
GOVERNMENT SEKS
TO FOIL MURDER PLANS
4 "
Warning Sent to Watch for
What Authorities Believe is
Plot to Spread Terror.
'Washington.?Discovery in New
York of 16 bombs, each put together
by experts, resulted in a general
warning to government employees
to be on watch for what authorities
here believe to be an anarchist plot to
spread terror throughout the country.
While steps were taken immediately
to deal with the situation already
developed, postoffice department officials
frankly admitted that there
was absolutely no means of telling
exactly how many bombs might have
been deposited in the mails. The 16
picked up in New York were regarded
as a catch find, having been held
for lack of postage. Coming on the
heels of the damage caused by an
infernal machine mailed to former
Senator Hardwick of Georgia, and in
the same sort of package, with the
Mime department store label led to
prompt confiscation by the government
and quick search for similar
weapons of destruction moving
through the mails.
Because of the character of the
men to whom the packages were adIressed
the one thought of the authorities
centered in the motive. In
[i general way the attempt on the
ives of cabinet members, a justice of
the supreme court of the United
i
ii.iyjiiupyi \
%
KEEP STRONG
As an aid to robustness, thousands
upon thousands use
Salt's Emulsion
as regular as clock-work the year
around. A rich tonic, Scoff's?
abounds in elements that^iitribute
to the up-building of
strength. Be sure that you
buy Scoff's Emulsion
Scott & Uownc, llloomfield, N. J, 19-3
tion centres in the Southeastern Department,
completing the personal
survey he began 'with Secretary
Baker before the latter
sailed for France. At each camp the
Chief of Staff went over the demobilization
machinery with the camp
commander in detail, insisting that
the forty-eight-hour period for tin*
passage of troops from camps to^
civil life be maintained.
It is believed that he will able
to give newspaper correspondent
now figures showing the speed with^B
which the breaking up of the army
at home is being accomplished.
Men Back on Job in 21 Days.
Officers recently returned from
France say the "two bottle nccksjjt
through which practically the onti?o\
movement must pass, the embarkation
camp at Brest and the debarka- I
tion station at Hoboken, arc now operating
at a remarkable speed.
An instance of tbo rapidity with
which the machine is wiii'l^' was
shown by the fact that awi^ the
| officers reporting to CJon. .March on
his return were some who started
I from their sectors on the Rhine with
their command twenty-one days ago.
?1,?
A Mirage.
(from the Lamar (Mo.) Democrat.)
A man from a bone-dry Arkansas
community went to a wet Missouri
town and was invited by an acquaintance
to have a drink. In the saloon
the friend asked:
"What are you going to have?"
"Have?" dreamily routined the
visitor, blinking at the glorious array
of barrelled and bottled goods. "I
ain't going to have nuth'n'."
"What do you mean, (Jabe? You
j won't have a drink after coming all
I this distance?"
"Nope!" answered the Arkansaw
n ri' i * *
yc r, i nere nain't no such place as
! this. I'll wake up in a minute."
Zured Me
do nil my work and am In pood
health. I rocoinmciid tlilm vnlunhle
remedy to nil suffering from
any diucase of the stomach."
Perunn In Sold Kverywbfr
l.iquld or Tnblet Form
1
I Stales, a governor, a mayor and othwas
linked up with recent agi~ 1
tation and discussion of the question
of after the war immigration, but
the authorities could not altogeth- '
or agree on this as the reason behind
the wholesale attempts t>f deistruction
of life. Word re Sed in- I
vostigators here that Gimbel Bros.,.
New York department store owners,
whose mailing tags were on each
package, including that sent to Former
Senator Hardwick, had declared
the tag a forgery.
Authorities Take Steps.
No effort was made to disguise
the fact that this information was
disquieting for it meant, officials
said, in the event of a wholesale
mailing of bombs that manv would
reach their destinations bearing the jl
mark of other firms which would I
make the work of preventing deliv- y
ery all the more difficult. Although |j
the public was cautioned as to the 1
opening of strange packaffe, the i
department's detective forcP realized
that if all of the infernal machidpe*
pui in the mails have not. been recovered,
it is the department's job to
get them before delivery.
Persons who may be planning to
make liquor in their own homes af- J
ter national prohibition hwnmnu.
fective July 1 are to be wamed^fcy
revenue authorities as to the penal- J
tics to which they will he subjected, fl
Fifteen German newspaper men ,1
accompanied the German representa- *1
tives to the peace congress.. f\
WWWWW ? ? ? ? % f ? www s
6f>(> has more imitations than any -1
other Chill and Fever Tonic on the jl|
market, but no one wants imitations, dfl
They are dangerous things in the J
[medicine line?adv. 4-24-19 20t. |