Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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PAOK SDC WIRELESS 'PHONE OF WIDE INTEREST Electrical Engineer Discusses New Invention and Application POPULAR IDEAS CONSIDERABLY AWRY WiU Be Long' Time Yet Before Radio System Replaces Wire Style. A pretty picture, tnat ot oveiy one with a wireless telephone eutlit in office or home and each individual able at any time to talk with any other by simply calling* through the air. Jules Verne could doubtless have done a great deal with such an idea?in a book?but when it. came down to the practical application of it, that would be quite another thing. The radio telephone is essentially not secret and in subject to malicious disturbances. It is also subject to static disturbances and, therefore, by no means commercially dependable, and the number of messages which can be handled in a given area is very limited. "No, the wireless telephone will hardly take the place of the wire telephone?at least, until there are changes so radical as to alter completely the scheme of radio communication as we know it today. To be sure, it is dangerous to prophesy what can or cannot be accomplished at a time when epoch-making developments are crowding so hard upon one another. Yet the notion of everybody having his own small radio telephone plant and calling at will an} one with whom he or she might desire to talk is summarily disposed o* by existing fundamental condi \\t~ ..i, ? 11 ^; ?,,4-? LIUlir* Y> U Mian tuilliuut' tu lie obliged to depend upon wires for telephone communication except as the radio telephone may supplement the wires under special circumstances.'' \ The speaker was Dr. Frank B. Jew ett, cliief engineer of the Western Electric Company, a scientist of most attractive personality, whose name means much in radio and telephone circles and far outside, says The Baltimore Sun. He is just out of the army, where, as a colonel in the signal corps, he was responsible for the creation of the radio telephone for airplanes and of that by means of which the navy talks to ships at sea and directs the movements of its submarine chaser flotillas. "It is not surprising," Dr. Jewctt went on, "that what is becoming known now of radio telephone experiments should arouse keenest public interest in the subject. People generally want to know what place radio telephony is likely to have in the future communication systems of the world. It is going to have a place, an important place, but we must look at it as it is accurately to realize what that place is to be. many of the recently published results have been the direct outgrowth of war conditions, but some are the outcome of work only remotely connected with specific war problems. "The whole question of radio telephony, both present and future, is, of course, very intimately associated with conditions which underlie the art of radio telegraph communication. From a physical standpoint it seems quite clear that whatever lim nations are imposed oy nature on wireless telegraph operations are imposed equally on wireless telephone operations. There arc also many additional limitations which apply to radio telephony with greater force than to radio telegraphy. "On the other hand, there are certain limitations, largely of the human character, which apply with greater force to radio telegraphy than to radio telephony. Principal among these is the necessity foi specially trained operators where radio telegraph operations is involved. While the idea of radio telephone as a means of communication h practically as old as the art of radie communication. It is only withir the last few years that any substantial progress has been made. The early developments in radio com munication involved electrical sys terns which were inherently unsatisfactory for any hind of radio telephony and no progre.-s at all < ul< be made until the art had devclopc to such a point that satisl'ac<.< ;y c n tinuous wave methods of transmission were available. Following this fundamental development it was further necessary to devise the mechanism required at the transmitting stations to permit of voic? control of the energy transmitted through ether in the form of a continuous wave train and the further mechanism required at the receiving station to detect and reproduce as intelligible speech in an ordinary telephone receiver the energy received from the distant transmitting station. "Since all radio systems for us over any considerable distance involve an amount of energy at the transmitting station many hundred or thousand times greater than the energy normally employed in ordinary wire telephony, and since, on the other hand, the amount of energy available at the receiving station is but a small fraction of that required for the proper operation of a telephone receiver under conditions of commecial operation, the problems up for solution were extremely I difficult, even after the fundamental requirements were quite clearly ! foi undated. "In the seven or eight years immediately prior to 1914 numerous experiments in radio telephony were j made, largely by American inventors and engineers, and results of [considerable promise were obtained, i None of these experiments, which ! wore principally confined to relative-I i l.v short distances, resulted, howlever, in the production of a com i iucivii.il svstem. In 1914 and 1915, J 1 I ; following the work which resulted in tli" establishmeent of transcontinental wire telephony between the Atlantic and Pacific coasts, the engineers of the Bell system produced tl e apparatus which in the summer and fall of 1915 resulted in those demonstrations of long1 distance radio telephony which were given such prominence in the public press at the time. "As will be remembered, these demonstrations, which were made with the cooperation of the United States navy, resulted in the establishment of successful radio telephone communication from the navy towers at Arlington, Va., with the naval stations at Panama, Mare Island, in San Francisco Bay; San Pi ego and Honolulu, and in the early fall of 1915, through the courtesy of the French government, to the military station in the Eiffel Tower at Paris. As a part of the experiments* all of the mechanism and methods required to interconnect wire and wireless telephone links in a continuous commhnicaticn train were worked out and dcnonstratcd. Fittimr the Thinir to War. "Almost v immediately following j those experiments the energies of jtl.c Bell system engineers, and particularly those of the Western Electric Company, were directed to the solution of radio-telephone problems of military importance. These problems were initially those of the navy, the officers of which early appreciated the possibilities of this new form of communication. At a later date the problems of the army received a large amount of attention. In particular, those problems which I re lated to radio-telephone communlication to, from and between air| pbines became matters of the greatest moment. "Because the knowledge of the work previously done the chief sig; nal officer of the army early in 1017 ! assigned to the engineers of the Western Electric Company the difficult problem of developing radiotelephone communication for airplanes and this work was successfuljly completed before the end of that I1.UK 1... i v cw , ? im im: UlUt icllgl' quantities of commercial radio tole. phone appartus wore constructed for I oth the army and navy. "In order to have a proper basis for deciding as to the probable future of radio telephony, there are certain fundamental facts which should be clearly understood. "Principal among these arc the physical processes involved in it the limitations imposed by nature on all radio communication, the extent to which secrecy and freedom from interference are essentail to commeri oial communication and the oxtont. ' '' to which the field of radio communi- ' 11 cation must be reserved for those! " classes of communication which in J the present state of the art can be conducted in no other way or which must be reserved for military pur' poses in connection with the nation al defense. ) "All radio communication consists i in sending out from the transmit ting station of a large amount of } energy in the form of electro-mag nctic waves and receiving a very - small amount of this energy on the - wires of the receiving station. That amc unl of energy available at the 1 .< caving station is but a minute I fraction of the energy which starts - fr in the transmitting station can I I THE HORRY HERALD, COW be appreciated when it is realized that the electro-magnetic waves radiate from the transmitting1 station in all directions and that only that part of the initial energy which can bo picked up by the wires of the receiving station is available there. "The minuteness of this received energy renders all radio communication very susceptible to interference from natural electrical disturbances and from other radio stations. A Tough Technical Problem. "Tn radio telephony the problem is still further complicated by the fact that the continuous wave train which would serve as the basis for a radio telegraph channel is required to perform the additional burden of acting as the carrier for the voice waves. Since all radio communication employs the same common conductor, and since freedom from interference between massages is dependent solely upon the ability to use a different range of frequencies for each message, this added condition greatly broadens the hand of frequencies required for a radio telephone message a.', distinguished from a radio tele- i graph message and very greatly limits the number of non-interfering conversations which can be sent or received from a given area." The scientist so recently an army officer stopped a moment. "Do you realize what that means?" he asked. "Wireless offers no panacea for our j telephone troubles. Why, so limited1 :.s the number of noninterf^ring ra to telephone messages pos. ih'e < iM'iii iv Jiivi'ii area m rue present late oJ the art that ti is alone would ?nder it impossible to handle mrr than a very small fraction of the noimal telephone business of tlm o:iy of New York. Kven employing tiie latest methods of multiplex wire j ti ansmission, as is done in radio telephony, wouldn't help in this. "More important even than interf( rence from other radio stations," Pr. Jewett continued, "arc the qucs- j tions of natural interference and j nonsecrCvW. Because of the fact that ; all radio communication employs the same medium of transmission it is of necessity, essentially, nonsecret, and anyone possessed of the requisite apparatus can easily receive the messages from any desired station. This is particularly true of radio telephony, where even that form of secrecy made possible by the use of i codes is difficult tc obtain. Further, tue broad band of frequencies required to cover the speech range makes it easy to tunc in any station to receive. ''Then there is the matter of natural disturbances," he said /'and i without attempting to judge of the ' value of the recent static elimina ' tors which have been announced, it is sufficient to say that the so-called static disturbances have thus far i n n\rr>fl flir> nin<t ?rn*ir?iii Vim* t r> vn- i liability in all radio communication, ; a .d that great difficulties must bo ! j.vercomo under certain conditions if anything like the continuous service 1 called for in an operating telephone I I plant is to be obtained." o (if?C) has more imitations than any other Chill and Fever Tonic on the market, but no one wants imitations. Tl.ey are dangerous things in the medicine line?adv. 4-24-19 20t. nxixiuiinxnttzxattttxuxn ixzxxxxxx \ LEAGUE TO POLiCE SEAS SAYS DANIELS London. ? A large naval international police force will be necesrary under the League of Nations plan immediately after peace is declared, in the opinion of Josephus Daniels, American secretary of the navy, and one of the objects of his trip abroad is to discuss with the admiralties of Italy, France and England some details as to this force, particularly the Ivors of vessels desirable. "The desire of conquest may still linger in the hearts of some nations after peace," said Secretary Daniels, "and such natiors must he shown that it would be unprofitable to attempt to accomplish those desires." As the League of Nations becomes established, Secretary Daniels added, the naval police force would certainly be decreased in proportion to the strength of the League. The secretary has just returned from a visit to the interned Gorman j battle fleet at Scapa Flow. He de clined to express an opinion as to the disposition of these German warships. , . o [All work of demobilizing will he centralized at Camp Jackson. ? o Habitual Constipation Cured | in 14 to 21 Days I "LAX-FOS WITH PEPSIN" is a speciallyprepared SyrupTonic-Lfixative for Habitual Constipation. It relieves promptly hut should bo taken regularly for 14 to 21 days to induce regular action. It Stimulates and Regulates. Very Pleasant *.o Take. 60c per bottle. WAY, S. 0., MAY 8, 1919 PUCE OF PEACE REVEALSSECRETS Treasury Presents Film oi Events in Great Conflict Showing What Victory Lib erty Loan Bonds Pay For. Secret* of the war recorded by thl motion picture camera and only now released by the censors are revealed in "The Price of Pace," an official fllna issued in behalf of the Victory Liberty Loan, and being shown all over the country. "The Price of Peace" is the only official picture ever assembled which purports to cover the war from the day ?t was declared down to date. The purpose of the picture as announced by the Department of the Treasury through Frank R. Wilson, i director of publicity, is to put before the public a graphic accounting and to make clear why there is now a Victory Liberty Loan. Tim picture opens with a scene in President Wilson's office and a reference to that momentous April G. when war was declared. It concludes with a remarkable view of the Statue of Liberty, in Now York harbor, and the horn econiing of our army. Rut there is a vast doal between. I*. ?!...]~ ..i... * ' r * jnt iuuiiij; in*' t-'iiiiJtU ivuiioii ill iriiiijis, their landing in France, final training over there, then the desperate realities of the front line trnchs, gas attacks. army railroading under fire, the great attack from Soissons io Chateau Thoirry, infantry and artillery under heavy bombardment, a battle between aeroplanes, and the downing of an enemy airman, the observation balloons under fire, then the battle dead, the prisoners, captured guns, our troops marching over the Rhine into Germany, General Pershing and his men in Prussia. Christmas with the Army of Occupation in Germnay, and the homecoming. Probably the greatest thrill of the picture is in the scenes where our troops are seen going "over the top" and into the wheat fields at 4:."5 o'clock on that famous July 18. 1918. There is a dim, misty light, that gives these scenes a peculiar intensity. Other scenes of desperate fighting show an American battery under heavy fire from enemy guns in the Argonne. In yet other scenes American soldiers are shown bravely advancing under shrapnel tire across an open glade. ; Two are shot down near the earner.. The activities of the American navy j furnish another important chapter of j the picture. A number of impressive scenes show the G:rman fleet steam ing to suTnder. | AIR SERVICE HELPS VIC- $ ' TORY LOAN?LET'S HELP % | AIR SERVICE. |. When the appeal was ?ont to <|> X the air service by the Liberty ? Loan Organization for using the y 4> airplanes in helping the drivo, %, X the response was immediate, ^ e> and Liberty I/oan comnjittees <L X all over the c< are now co- T J operating with the air service to * X encourage enlistments. $ i The air service needs men y %> and offers a number of attract- Z $> ive inducements to those who T j enlist. Those who have had ex- & i 4 perience and re-enlist are otter- % !ed the following privileges: ? One month's vacation at once. <*> Bonus of $00. X Furlough fare certificate en- X titling you to ride to your home % at one cent a mile, with an additional five ecu la a mile for tray- $ ; J fling expense*. i, ' Month's pay and ration money a j x on return from furlough. $ i x Free clothing, medical atten- <| lion and quarters and hoard. X j % No lows of pay while sick. x i <| Furloughs with pay. j T Insurance at low rates. < ][ Pay ranging front $110 to < jo $121.50 a month. J < > Ivftiigley Field, Hampton. Va., < . o i? a recruiting center and Lieu- < :<> lorf&nt Joseph MacLean is in < I 31 charge. j ' x < GERMAN BOOKS ON THE I WAR ARE FLOURISHING ! Bee 1*1 in,'?The spring hook lists continue, to feature memoirs by form nr rrnvofn monl n I r\r?l ifir'ti I ?? ?/! ivtili. j tary leaders, the newest acquisition bong two comprehensive volumes written by former Imperial Chancel lor l)i'. von Hethmann-Hollwcg. The first volume deals with political developments preceding the outbreak o? the war. Another work soon tc appear will be by Gottlieb von Jagow, former minister of foreign affairs which is reported to be a plain defense of Germany's pre-war policies. TICK CLEAN-UP DE' PENDS ON TEXAS Federal Official Says Opposition Comes From Only a Few Men. After declaring that what Texas does will recide when the United | States will be free of the cattle-fever t'.ok, Dr. R. A. Ramsay, chief of the tick eradication division of the Bureau of Animal Industry, United States Department of Agriculture, told the Texas Cattle Raisers' Asscciation, in convention at Dallas, | March 18, that the farmers and small : cattle owners of Texas should not ue b'amcd for the comparatively slow ' progress of tick eradication in that Si ate. "I am convinced," said Dr. Ramsay, "that the real opposition to tick eiadication?the opposition that *s delaying the day when Texas will be tick free?comes from a few men jwho make it a profitable business to | (?eal here and at the stock yards n ' v hat are classed by the trade as ; 'southern or ticky cattle,' and from a ! few large owners of cattle." lives of Countrv on Texas, j Tt xas has done "a pretty fair joo (already" in cleaning out the tick, c.'u Dr. Ramsay, having driven the itattle parasite from "(> per cent of ' I he State?More than the total area of anv other tick-infested State? ? jhut still has nearly three times as | n uch infested and quarantined torri 'leiy as any other State and nearly as much infested territory as in all the other States put together. That is why, he said, "the eyes of the whole United States, so far as tick eiadication is concerned, are on Tex Dr. Ramsay also told the cattlemen I that Texas, in State and county | funds, is spending only $2 for every jdollar expended by the Federal Govi eminent lor tick eradication, in contrast to $3 in Arkansas, $3.50 in j Oklahoma, and $4 in Louisiana. He drew attention to the help given by these neighboring States during the time of droughts in Texas, when they allowed Texas cattle from the drought-stricken regions to enter The Fir#; Bottle ol Writes Mr. M. Vanlliirrn, Knplnccr, O. R. & L Ry., 17 Highland St.,Grand Rapids, Mich. ABOUT SWEET POTATO LOSSES Clcmson College.?"South Carolina pi'oducecl about 12.5 per cent bushels in 1917, and had a money ,a-ue of $7,781,000.00. The crop nw.K^d fourth in this state in value, as it was only surpassed by corn, cotton and tobacco. This state had a loss of (50 per cent of its crop or $ 1,(588,110.00 due to disease in the field and in storage. The storage losses are being gradually reduced as the farmers and dealers are putting up both community and individual potato storage houses. | "In trying to reduce the above ' losses by the use of disease-free > seed, I located such a supply of ! these seed potatoes in storage hous| e3, and the owners were advised to ? save them for seed, which they did. ! The County Agejits and a number \ of farmers were notified of these > seed sources, and all of these seed > potatoes were readily purchased. "Plant growers are required to have their plants inspected and secure tags before they can ship them, and in this way I have a chance to 1 get in touch with growers and saw ' that they were shipped only healthy material. The potato crop as a 5 whole is more nearly free of disease , than I have ever seen it before, due . chiefly, I believe, to the shortage of , seed potatoes which forced the i farmers to use vine cuttings in put. ting out the greater portion of their j fields. There are only a few farm ...... :.. (U- ...L- ?? . uir> in wit* niuif win) ill'U using Vin' : cuttings and hill selections for the > improvement of their seed potatoes, - but they are meeting with fair sue - cess." i The above is from a recent rc port by Extension Horticulturist rco. i\ Hoffman, and is given hen THE EXPLANATION Nature placed the growth-promoting vitamins" in the ou of the cod-fish?this explains why Scott's Emulsion is so definite in its help to a child of any age. Latter-day science reveals that the "vitamins" tfre needful for normal growth. Soott'm EmutmJon wHi Md any obiM 0v*ow? Scott St Bowne, Bloom field, N. J. 1M their territory after only one dipping loi ticks, taking on themselves the ~e : n? ?m - i-Apt'iiau ui nipping uit* cutuc a second time. He expressed the opinion that "the difficulties encountered in securing these concessions in the time of a great emergency indicate very plainly that these States will not accept such cattle in the future unless they comply with all require- ^ mc-nts." "Great Majority" for Kradic;App. "What has already been amrom- Jl plished in Texas," said Dr. Ramsav, 9| "proves that the men who are retarding tick eradication do not speak for the great body.i 1 am sure of my ground when I say that the great majority of cattlemen and farmerA want the tick eliminated, but unfor-Jf itiuiately they have not always made \ I their desires sufficiently clear to their lot ai governments. It is to theii local governments. It is to their interest to do so. " Louisiana is likely to become t.ck-lree this year. OklahdA and Arkansas should go 'into the white* in two years, and n three years then may bo no tick infested area even in Llorida. The Bureau of Anin.al industry believes the whole South is going to drive out the tick not later than 1928. We confidently hope that Texas is going to be 'on tiic band wagon,' arc we look to you members of this association to see teat Texas gets aboard." o The new mayor of Latta, T. W. Berry, is causing trouble among the | gamblers and the sellers and buyers of "bitters." In one haul he brought in seven gamblers who contributed $210 to the town treasury. Detroit claims the honor of being the first largo city in the country to exceed its quota in the Victory Liberty Loan. I PERUNAl' Entirely Free from Catarrh of the Stomach "Peruna has positively done for mo wlwil many dootorN failed to do. 1 have been time and again compelled to take to my bed for days. The flr.st bottle of Peruna gave relief and while I alwaya keen it in the bouse for emergencies, I eonaidcr myself entirely free from eatarrli of tlie Ntomneli, the trouble from which I suffered for so long before taking this remedy." l.ifjald or Tablet Form | Sold Everywhere 5 Ask Your Dealer i i ???imwMt??? ? ?W>OWWM??wmM to impress our people with the value of the sweet potato crop, the great percentage ol loss, and the means of preventing the losses, chart now to tnaku a better record tor South Carolina this year. Plant a good crop, use disease-free seed and p!ai^| and build a storage house. o THE NEW BROTHERHOOD We are sifting out the selfishness that marred our olden creeds.. From the vineyards where we labor we are thinning out the weeds. We are building for the future to a nobler better plan, For the world has caught the vision Kjf the brotherhood of man. (s 1 We have put the past behind us. As the sturdy pioneers, ' Sow within the tangled fore** .all the# glory of the years, ^ So we face our trials calmly Jar beyond them we can see ? 1 The greater goals of freedom ? the world that is to be. ^ These are days of self-denial, these :,are times for sacrifice, It is freedom we are gaining and | each one must nay the nrice. We are drawing close together with a common end in view; ^ For the greater joys we dream of we've a common task to do. ' We are sifting out the selfishness that marred us in the past, For the light of truth is shinihg through the clouds of ^Xoybt at last; We are building for the future to a larger, better plan, For all eyes have caught the. vision of the brotherhood of man. ?Edgar A. Guest.