Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page. It is also available as plain text as well as XML.

Iftmi I m ! I ^Aki N ^ |P3tfDER I Absolutely Pure H%de from Cream of Tartar j H KOALUH?MO PHOSPHATE diversifying is i only safe farming Te'rc is a Program That Means ' Real Diversification R of Crops 1 FREEDOM FROM RISK jj "one crop farming ScV'On Objections Stated to ;i i I^Unc Crop System of Agriculture. S< von objections to a one crop sysI tcm of agriculture a *c set forth in I? Circular No. f>(i of the Ofllce of the Secretary of Agriculture which is a reprint of an address delivered by KHWford Knnpp at a conference of Southern bankers. The reasons why a one crop system is unsafe are stated by Mr. Knapp to be as follows: "First. Because the system depends upon market and crop eondit< as of the one crop alone. Failure of crop or failure of market alike bring serious disaster. end. Because it does not provide for the maintenance of soil fer"Tbird. Because it fails to provide for a sulficient live-stock industry N> consume the waste produe's of the farm -and make its waste lands productive. "Fourth. Because it docs not proving for a system of farm management under which labor, teams, and tools may be used to the fullest advantage. I'M'iflh. Because it brings return in sh but once a year instea i of turn[r the money over more than onec a "Sixth. Because it docs not prothe necessary foods to supply e people upon the farm and keep Wm in health and strength. "Seventh. It limits knowledge, nar-i \ys citizenship, and does not foster j me building, but does encourage mmercial farming." The remedy of these evils is diver'ici^tion. Diversification, however, mns something else than a change :>m growing cotton to growing mcthing else. One Louisiana man, 10 bel Vvcd that he was a convert to /crsification, planted 500 acres of! matoes. In other instances farmers' rned from cotton to corn and had, thing else for sale in the fall. This, I /course, is not diversification at. all. I ItA* term is defined in the new circular as "an agricultural system I through which the living of people upon the farm is first produced and then a number of products suited to the soil, the climate, and the market conditions of the country are judiciously selected and made the main items of profit through sale in the great markets of the world, always keeping in mind the necessity for maintaining fertility of the soil." This is practically the same thing as "safe farming." The essentials for its attainment in the South are stated as follows: "1. A home garden for every family* on a farm.?From one-tenth of an ^cre one-fourth or one-half an acre, well located, well-tilled and tended as* carefully as any other crop on the farm, is what we mean , . by a home garden. It must be planted in rotation so as to have continuous crop's, thus providing something for the family table as many days in the year! possible. To this should be added I I GERMAN NOTE IS NOT BROAD ENUOGH But President Won't Answer It Until Congress Situation is Clear. Vi. shin;, toil.?Germany's latest ac . uranees on the conduct of submarine warfare, presented Monday by Count von BernstorflT, to Secretary Lansing are not as broad as the United States desires, but it is indicated no further ' tcp:5 will be taken by this government until the ad:riiv.if:trp.ti'.?!i is cor I tain its action will hot be embarrass I me at in Congress. The assurances reiterated it, the latest communication are regarded as not so complete as those originally negotiations and it was indicated today that would not be finally accepted as satisfactory at this time. o l?o They Know. Some of the best experts on childraising, if you let them tell it, are old m; id aunts.?Georgetown Times. j one-fourth of an acre of potatoes, 1 either Irish or sweet potatoes, or both, to be used His I'ood for the famj ily. An acre of sorghum or cane should ho produced to supply the family with sirup. On the subject of ; gardening, bulletins may be obtained j from your agricultural colleges and ! I rem the Oopaitment of An ricult urr. I 4"J. Produce enough corn to last the family and the live stock, with certainty, for oi.e year, with ;i little ucI ?/./? r? f 4 .. j 4 V/ l "? "'1 Produce surbeicnt oats ar.d othev small grain to supplement the corn as. food for a year, with certainty. Uememtber those small grains conserve the soil in wintc r and provide some grazing" for live steel;. "4. Produce the* hay and forage j crops necessary to supply the livestock on the farm for otu; year, not ! forgetting the winter and summer legumes, which not only produce hay j hut also enrich the soil. | "."h Produce the necessary meat for jtho family by increased attention to | poultry and hogs. 1 say poultry and hogs because they can be increased most rnp'dly for meat production. The n farmers should plan gradually to increase, and improve through breeding, the cattle and other liv< j stock, so a^ to consume the otherwise wii gi p nvA/lii/?f o ??iwl ?x. 1 - ? r .......?v !< vuui 1.0 (inn 111?.i?\? uur miproi* | table or untillable lands productive, j Hvery family should have at least two! rows, so that one ran he in milk aii| the time. We should set some standard to which to work. For a tenant : farmer not less than one and prefer-1 ably two cows; not less than one and i possibly two sows; not loss than 25 j hens, preferably 50. A standard for the small-owner farmer would be not' I U ss than two milch cows, not less1 than two sows, and not less than 50 land preferably 100 hens. All of this stock should bo well tended, well fed, . i and properly bred. i ' ' "(5. When the living has been pro-1 j vided prow cotton for the main mon- j i oy crop.?1 have endeavored to lay ; | down genral principles ,rather than to specify particular crops. For ex- , I ample, in semiarid sections of Texas and Oklahoma the grain sorghums ( would naturally he substituted in . piaec of the corn, and these, together | with Sudan grass, would furnish for- ( age. These same general principles | apply to tobacco territory and rice j j territory." . To put this program into effect, ( two suggestions are made to the bank ( ers and merchants in the cotton , c- . 1 htates: i | (1) That they conduct a campaign \ for a change in the conditions on . which credit is extended to farmers, j so that "safe farming" may he fos- f tired and not discouraged. j (2) To carry on an organized cam - t paipn for marketing surplus products t as near home as possible. In one u case in Louisiana a farmer had a carload of lespedeza hay. He had diffi- c eulty in disposing of it, but finally, ^ through the medium of the county j agent, he sold it in a town 10 miles u away to a livery-stable keeper who < bad been in the habit of buying all his | hay in Kansas and Colorado. j )n South Carolina about a year ago ( a carload of hogs had to be sent to L Kichmond or Baltimore to be market- f cd. although $20,000,000 worth of u pork products were being brought in s lo the State every year. Such eondi- t tions encourage farmers to persist in li Ihc hazardous plan of risking every- f thing upon one crop. "Safe farming" c may be best promoted by giving to it a financial credit ami better marketing < facilities. c THE HOBBY HERALD, COWWAT, 8 O Uses and Abuses of Fertilizers I By Prof. R. J. H. De Loach, Director of Georgia Experiment Station. 1. THE USE OF COMMERCIAL FERTILIZERS?HISTORY. The First of a Series of Six Articles. We would not be disposed to try to give a complete history of the use of commercial fertilizers, but only to show how this great industry began and grew in the Southern United States. Generally speaking, the farmers of this generation inherited the habit of applying fertilizers to soils, but have not | been taught the underlying principles of the industry. The use of some kind of manures on soils with crops for the purpose of increasing the yields goes back to ancient times. We know that many ancient people applied animal manures to their soils for this purpose. The Chinese, centuries ago, applied manures of various kinds to their soils and gardens and with phenomenal results. In Von Tshudi's Travels in Peru we find that as early as the middle of the last century notes were being taken on the actual value of Guano by the Peruvians. Houslugault speaks of seeing fields in Peru on which wheat grew every j year for two centuries, and the yield still high and the growers prosperous. The practice of using mineral fertilizers was introduoed direct from Pe- ( ru to the United States in the year 1846, and was based on such reports as we find above. It had already been used in Knglund before it found, its ' way into the United States, but Peru seems to be the country in which the application of minerals to soils^ as plant food originated. We do not know this is true, but all evidence points to this. It is of greater interest to us therefore that we tcnow about the Customs in Peru. The First Use of Peruvian Guano. The first man in the Soul horn States to 'JP! Peruvian was DavUi Dickson, of Sparta, Gh., who saw an advertisement of Ii in Ihn cTici Ameri- I can Farmer published in Baltimore. The South has perhaps never had a more successful farmer than David Dixon, who made many millions of dollars farming, and who was a pioneer in many other lines as well as in the use of mineral fertilizers. In the year 1816. the year after it was introduced into the United States, he bought three sacks and used it, and on finding that it paid him, bought it in increasing quantities till the year 1855 and 1856, when he "went into it fu'lv." As is suggested above this is no doubt the first instance of the use of a concentrated mineral fertilizer on cotton in the United States The universal success with which M?\ Dickson met in the use of this Peruvian guano led many other prominent fanners to follow his example, and in every reported case, success followed its use. We are constrained to believe that the application of this mineral fertilizer to the cotton and other crops in the South could not possibly have been an accident. Its success was unquestionably based on the actual needs of the soil. A quickly available manure was what the crop needed, and when this was once applied results were evident. After a time it was found that, the Peruvian guano, which contained principally nitrogen, produced too much stalk and not much increase in the yield of fruit, and hence its use was somewhat discouraged for a season. The First Use of German Potash. About this time the war between the States began, and at the same time tlie discovery of the potash beds of Get many, also, the offering on the market of various kinds of mineral fertilizers resulting from the teachings of Yon Liebig of Germany, who was at that time the greatest champion in the world of agriculture and its possibilities. As u result th#? mm. ? - I'v' F u!ariiy of Peruvian guano subsided and more s:\uly was given to the general question rf the use ol mineral manures, both by farmers themselves and the students of agriculture. Two great xjontributing factors to the rise of the fertilizer trade in th? South' are first tlie abolition of slavery, and second, the'rise of agricultuial education. Before the war the question of land was secondary. If growing I'm r in crops in the South "wore the land out," there were plenty of slaves t-o "take in more land" It was cheaper to take in land than to pay for any artificial manure. In 1SG li, the Morrill Hill passed Congress, creating agricultural colleges in the various states, after which there began a campaign for improving methods in agriculture. experiments at public expense were begun on a small scale, and the public was induced to make greater use of plant foot's of all kinds, as well as to improve methods of tillage. Thiu, of course, caused an immediate increase in the use of mineral plant foods, and out of which grew demands for great quantities of fertilisers. From this great demand there sprang up fertilizer factories in all parts of 1 he country. All kinds of materials were tried out, some was good, and some was not, but much of both kinds used. The factories had no restrictions and many of them palmed off on the farmers anything that would sraiell strong and that could be put in 'acks. This condition on account of state laws did not last long. We1 begin the next article by giving a i'iime of the part taken in the rise of the trade by the states themselves. TICK-FREE LIVE STOCK Some people slur at details in thi I world but it is to detail that they ovvt Farmers Are lteeinnimr t/\ Piiuli?.. *1-i" 1 * ? ? hum! mi or gooo lortuno. .Just as The Full Benefits From Cam- large fortune must be made up of pnign Tick Fradical io*;. cents so must be the process whereby they are accumulated, the hundreds In the ever-growing* area fromj of little details that it took to do work which the cattle tick has been elim- j or transact business. Never despise i nated demonstration agents arc now! th(1 ,tetails of anything for they aiv showing; the people how they 1:111 (]1(> items of which a large tiling i* realize the full benefits of their sue-! (.ornposed cess in the campaign of eradication. 0 Purebred stock is being brought in to in;prove quality of the native cat- ^H|flHHKHHE2^B3^Bil^Kli^3^9 lie, farmers who have never paid any Hj lB attention to live stock arc being In- SB A| IMF II B1 structed in the fundamental prinei- H rajfl^U 1AFQ|| Hi pies of economical and efficient feed- ^B | lUTT f | Oil Hi ing, ami cream routes and creameries H BE Lire being established in sections "Thedford's Black-Draught ^B where they were unheard of in the H is the best all-round medicine H lays of the ticks. ^B i j ?? H I ever used, , writes J. A. H An interesting instance of what a ^B reamcry can do for a community is H ^teelman, ' attonvillc, 1 exas. ^B 1 Horded by the history of the one es- "I suffered terribly with liver Published in cooperation with Ciemson M troubles, and could get no relief. I College in South Carolina. In Sep- i ember 1914, the creamery ha<i live doctors sa'd 1 had con- ^8 ( matrons whose 25 cows furnished 508 sumption. 1 could not work at |H 5 rounds of butter fat that month. In finally I tried ' Dctober a cream route was establish- ^8 1 id and the number of patrons increas- THFTIFDRFV^V I "J id to 17. i\>re routes were started J H j fom time to time, each new one If! A I ' >ringing in more patrons, until in 8(1 11 I H m H 1 \ugust, 1915, after a year's work, 22/ ^B ULllvl\ I < 'armors were sending in the cream ^8 t 'rom 822 cows. The total amount of "^B ftD/kfl|0U*r H 1 >utter fat delivered to the creamery yHZlllllel I H i hat month was 14,815 pounds. For it "llrlwMll 8 H ( he farmers received $.->,8ol.88, an H an(j to my surprise, I sot better, I * iverage of approximately $17 each. ^B M and am to-day as well as any H ' The significant feature of this ^B _ ? 01 t , , A man." Thedford's Black- r ream cry a success, however, is not ^B I he amount of money that it brought ^B IS a Rcncralt cathartic, ^B r n, but the fact that it opened up an ^b vegetable liver medicine, that < tbsolutely new source of income to ^B has been regulating irregular!- I he community. Before its estab- H ties of the liver, stomach and H ishment dairying was unthought of. H bowels, for over 70 years. Get H * f tJiorc was a surplus of milk on a B , pjekage today. Insist on the 4 arm it was usually disposed of an H .. ; genuine?Thedford's. ?*70 Hitter at the nearest store in return ^B " ^B sugar Or The ordin I of farm butter, however, was o little thought of thut even when * aken in trade it brought only about new to the people was the idea, tn- 1 lalf of what the creamery could af- deed, that the checks'from the cream- ^ orcl to pay for the butterfat. In erj were frequently start*! uway ih- -j onsequence no on? regarded milk as st< ad of being cashed, ami the man- v , reliable source of income. That it agent had to go over the routes and P ould be actually made to bring in i explain the necessity for turning ash each month was a revelation. So'them in. \ I SIMPLE WAY OF TESTING FENCING ' > ' , I Easily Applied Method of De- I termining Amount of Galvanizing On Wire. K> the process of manufacture no v. j in use. the length of service of wire I fencing depends largely upon the i quality and quantity of galvanizing! on the wire. A common test that ninj j be easily applied to determine die: , enl u f n >-* ^ ^ *? ' " ' * n u.iut niuwuill UI gill Villi IS" I Ug, OV I spelter, on a woven-wire fabric, as! given in a recent Department Bulletin, No. .'121, "Cost of Fencing Farms; in the North Central States," is as follows: Make a saturated solution of cop per sulphate by dissolving 2(> parts ol [ copper sulphate to 100 parts of water! by weight. Not less than a quart of j the solution should be used in the i I tost, and to make a quart of the sat- j urated solution requires approximatei iy 11 1-2 ounces of copper sulphate, or) a sit is commonly called, blue vitriol.! Slightly more than this amount: should bo used, however, as thci's j should be a small excess of the cop-! .Hr sulphate. This may be cither left j H the solution or the solution may be j drained off from it. The wire to be i sod i.5 immersed in the prepared' oh.tion, which should ho at a temper-j . W cf degrees to '<0 e . rccs F..j nd left for one minute, at th. end ?>l j .hich time it should be removed win-J nl thoroughly dry. This operation | diould be repeated Until the \viro| .hows a deposit of metallic eoppci.j i'he copper will not bo deposited on I ho wire until th.e galvanizing is renovod, and a well-galvanized wire ;houhl stand at least three immcr;ions in the copper-sulphate solution J vithout showing copper deposits on; t. Some specially galvanized wire will withstand four immersions with-i ait showing copper. This wire is cnown as four-minute wire, and mayj v had at a slight advance in price,j \\ hen the common commercial sulphate i.'f used in performing the test there is a very slight excess of acid present, in the copper sulphate solution, which, if not neutralized, may cause the solution to act more strongly on the wire than it should. The acidity may be neutralized by adding a small amount of copper oxide: 12 ounces to a quart of solution should b? suHicient. On account of the nonsolubility of the copper oxide it must be added a long time?at least a month?prior to the time the solution' is to he used. o v (vri' ic ' * i* i ? nw i i v ij v?r n. \ L r<, Under and 1 >v virtue of the decree and judgment of the court made by i his Honor T. S. Sease, Presiding Judge, in the case of The J. ('. Bryant Company, a Corporation, vs. .). L. Long and N. M. Hardee, Defendants,j and dated the 1st day of March A. D.,! 1010, 1, the undersigned J. A. Lewis, Sheriff of Horry County, will sell at public auction to the highest bidder before the Court House door at Conway, in Horry County, and State of South Carolina, during legal hours of sale, on salesday in April next, it heir,g the 3rd day of said month, all and singular those certain lands situate in! Horry County, and described as folews, to wit: All and singular that certain tract or parcel of land containing ten acres, more or less, the same being in Simp-i son Creek Township, ('unity and Slate nfovesaid, and lying on the South side of the bee and Boyd Public 1 Road. | < Described and bound as follows: < H^frinniiKi' ? < 1.~ ' 1 ^ . . 11. i ij^, ?iv ouim' I'UI'IHM1 Oil \ 110 South side of the aforesaid road at a liteh, running said ditch near South ,o a stake corner, thence running icar East to a stake corner, thence unning near North to a stake corner m the Lee and Boyd road, thence (aid road West to the beginning cor-j ler. The same being part of a tract or >arcel of land which was conveyed to! ne by N. M. Hardee and W. O. Har- j lee by deed of date, January 20th, A., ). 1914. TERMS of Sale Cash. Purchaser! o pay for papers. Conway, S. C., March 4th, 1910 . J. A. LEWIS, Sheriff of Horry County, t H. WOODWARD, k*4? a lUiMVti A <n V< 1 HJ ^ Po Drive Out Malaria And Build Up The System *ake the Old Standard CROVK'S : 'ASTBLESS chill TONIC. You know ' rhat you are taking, as the formula is j rinted on every label, showing it is ' )uiniae and Iron in a tasteless form. j he Quinine drives out malaria, the ron builds up the system. 50 cctits - ? THREE HERMAN NOTE LAID BEFORE CABINET Lansing Takes Ali Papers Relative to New Submarine Issue NO DECLARATION OF VIEM/C VET Piftn w li.II tj I i? I ?r I ;-\ U _ Secretary Will Not Comi.icnt on the German 0 c m - ? mnnication. -I ? ?___ . "" " ? 1 Secretary Lansing tool; with him the cabinet meeting a pouch understood to contain the German men* >raiulum and other papers relating * > submarine warfare. The secret;' */ said there was no justification **v statements pcui*porting to giv? \ views of the State Department on situation. He refused to indie;. K whether the situation appeared re. v * favorable or less since the receipt of the German memorandum. It was indicated in woM infori d quarters that the President v.oul 1 insist on a strict interpretation of t > rules of international law as appi; : * \ f IhriiV.in e'w nn,>* enlmxi ?.L^ ?. I , , til r 1^1 . i IV oil": .. i . ...v" . ~ iY.ro. ' Information \ ?r\va reed Iron 1' M purporting to contain proof that . l.ritish admiralty had insUunm ^ tains of armed merchan' ships lo lack .submarines had not ariivc* M Lansing said. Mr. Lansing issued the follow . ^ formal statement: "In view of the puld'enticm tr.Y morning of what purports to lie i.:io view of the State Department on t .e communication receive*1 y< hi rc.ayfrcm the Cerman amlass.nd >r, 1 v. L v to say that the contents of the eornpiu'hcation have rot been iwy/v't pubii hy me. and that ..nv siate nom-' 1 f ui the views of the Statement online eomnumieation are absolutely un: uthorized. "1 have made r.o eomment and expressed nv. opinion in rcgar 1 to ".ho matter." o ,s M ?? ^ JLii m JU? %% M M :Si 3 HORSY COUNTY g ? TRIIDT PflMDUIV ?> fjj I iiuu I UUilli HIT I ^ ?3 L- D. Magrath ?3 iH{ Manager. jp O Real Estate P M Real Estate Loans w Bonds ?3 _ Insurance P M S3 S.3 S3R$ R3 R? R? S3 S3 ?! o Great I'l'itain will permit the shipment of two cargoes of dyestiiffs, valued at $.r>,000,0()(). from Rotterdam to the United Stales, Ambassador Page at London has advised the Sta* % department, and oflicials are hopeful that Germany will make an exception to its embargo by granting permission for their exportation. Although more advances have been made by the Germans north of Verdun no changes of great importance are revealed. Attacks by (iormans to loo north of Verdun where the battle for the fortress stall ia raging fiercely, were Iriven hack ky the French fire and counterattacks. Wood's Productive Seed Corns. Our Virginia-grown Seed Corns have an established reputation for superiority in productiveness and germinating qualities. Wood's Descriptive Catalog tells about the best of prize-winning anil profit-making varieties in both Whit* and Yellow Cam*. Cotton Seed. We offer the best ami most improved varieties, grown In sections absolutely free from boll weevil. Our Catalog gives prices and Information, and tells about the best of Southern Seeds, 100-DAY VELVET BEANS. So}* Beans, SUDAN GRASS. Dallis Grata . ..4 ??t C -l* A?-* - MIV wvi|num ?im miitm. ' Catalog mailed free on request. T.W.WOOD & SONC, SEEDSMEN. - Richmond, Va.