The Horry herald. (Conway, S.C.) 1886-1923, June 10, 1915, Image 3
NEW TOMATO DISEASE
CAUSED BY FUNGUS
' The Cause .Of Serious Losses to
Southern Tomato Growers
Found
TO BE A NEW
t FUNGUS DISEASE]
Both Green and Ripe Tomatoes
Effected, Usually Appearing'
at Stem.
Many carloads of Florida tomatoes
have been injured or destroyed during
the last few months by a "black
rot" or "black speck" disease which
has been more prevalent this season
than heretofore, although known to
have occurred in that State to some
extent for three or fours years. It is
r'
reported from some sections that the
losses in the fields amounted to 50
per cent and that some large fields
were so completely infected as to be
# almost worthless. In addition to the
^ field losses, tomatoes packed and
shipped in an apparently sound condi4
"tion develop the rot in transit and
reach their destination in such condition
that they can not be sold as
first-class stock. A Denver commission
house writes that practica'ly
every car that has arrived in Denver
this year has shown this disease to
quite an extent. A Canadian Coverall
ment inspector reports cars arriving
quite ruined.
The department has completed and
published a technical study of this
trouble, extending over three years.
It finds that the disease, which will be
called the Phoma rot, is new and not
to be confused with other tomato
4 rots. The fungus causing it is a par
asite belonging to a genus which includes
several serious fruit and tuber
rots and stem blights of other crops,
but this particular species appears to
occur mainly on tomatoes, though un
der certain conditions it may attach
potatoes. It occurs in the fields, causing
black specks on the leaves, stems.
i and fruit. The fruit spots enlarge
and become very black, with innpoint-like
pustules*tilled with spores.
Both green and ripe tomatoes arc affected,
most of the spots usually appearing
at the stem end. An important
point brought out by this study
is that the fungus seems to be unable
to attack unmutilated fruit. Some injury,
either by insects, bruises, or naY
tural cracks, must be present to permit
infection. It is probable that in
many instances where there is little
or no field infection the tomatoes become
injured during harvesting or
packing and are infected in the packing
houses. It is likely that by more
careful handling an dthe prompt destruction
of all infected material the
^1 loss during shipment can be reduced.
The disease will not develop at a tern
perature of 44 degrees F. or lower.
* ?
\ ' TRADE AT
- 4
Our Stock is more varied
%
suit the needs of this entire
the best interests of our cust
A
at prices that they can affor
.are in keeping with the hard
ropean war.
* ^
WHEN IN MED
and you fail to get satisfacti
v
Toddville and let us show you
4 f DUSENI
k TQDDVILLE,
<
WATER STOCKED
IN BI6 BUSINESS
By Peter Radford.
Much has been said and more wn.
ten about the evils of watered stock in
big business concerns and the farmers
of this nation believe that every j
dollar written into the life of any j
business organization, should be able j
to say "I know that my Redeemer |
liveth," but farming is the biggest j
business on earth, and there is more
water in its financial transaction than
that of any other industry. There Is
as much water in a farmer's note
drawing eight or ten per cent interest j
when other lines of industry secure j
mem y for four or five per cent per
annum, as there is in a business pay- !
ing a reasonable compensation upon 1
the faco value of securities repre- i
seating an investment of only fifty
cents on the dollar. The only dif- ,
ference is, the water is in the interest !
rate in one instance and in the securities
in the other.
The promoter ofttimes lakes chances
and his success is contingent upon j
the development of the property in- '
1,11 f ( llii HCMllVir rid * i rnln fx !
t i t \ vt u ul u.iui ci i uu;f iii i\v;n
no chances and his success cripples
tiie property involved. There may be
industries that cry louder but none
that suffer more severely from financial
immorality in both law and cus- 1
torn than that of agriculture.
The farmers of America today are
paying $200,000,000 per annum in
usury on real estate and chattel
loans, and this interest capitalized |
at five per cent, represents $4,000,000,000
of fictitious values which the farmer
Is paying interest on. This sum of
money is almost equal to the annual
value of crops produced in the United
States.
The earning power of the farmer's
note based upon his interest rate very
nearly divides likes the earth's surface?three-fourth3
water and onefourth
land. The largest body of water
that floats upon the financial hemisphere
now rests upon the farms
and its waves are dashing and its \
billows are rolling against seven million
homes threatening ruin and disaster
to the prosperity of the nation.
Will cur public servants who undcrI
stand how to drain the liquid off m,
dustrial properties turn the faucet aud
tVlfi wnfi.l' /"* ? Ilia
it IV. v> (.11 v? ii vv. I V/ A i. V ? I V- 1 Hi iilO
It is an admitted economic fact thr.f
there can be no permanent prosperity
without a permanent agriculture.
Agriculture is recognized as the
; greatest of all industries and a prosi'.evov
i, progressive and enlightened
agricultural population is u?e uuresi
safeguard of civi!i::ati;:n
C3LCS & laGSIFPS
R or 6 doses <666 will break
3ny case of Chills 8c Fever, Colds
& LaGrippe; it acts on the liver
I better than Calomel and does not
?ripe or sicken. Price 25c.
o?
The Best Hot Weather Tonic
3ROVF,'? TASTKCKSSchill TONIC enriches the
blood, builds r<. the whole system and will won
ierfully strengthen and fortifj yipu to withstand
.he depressing effect of the hot summer 50c.
TODDVILLE
and up-to-date than ever to
section. We still try to serve
omers, and offer them goods
d to stand, and prices that
times brought on by the Eu,,
rr
OF ANYTHING.
on elsewhere, come on to
-,.t, ? 4. ? -1 -
. >vutit we uuii au.
BURY & CO. *
} s. c.
1 \
t.?; ^
>
i \. \ .. ' * i y , * >
. FARK
All Inquiries on Farm Subj
Through These Col
M. W. WALL, Farm Dem.
STRAWBERRY RECIPES
Winthrop College, May 31.?These
recipes are furnished by the Practice
Home of Winthrop College.
Strawberry Juice.
Wash the berries and remove the
cap .. Put the fruit in the preserving
Kouie and crush slightly. Heat slow-1
ly and boil gently for half an hour.
Put a sieve cr colander over a large
bowl and spread a square of cheese
cloth over the sieve. Turn the fruit
and juice into the cheese cloth over
the sieve; drain well; then draw the
edges of the cheese cloth together and
twist hard to press out all the juice
possible.
Put the strained juice in a clean
preserving kettle on the fire. When it
boils up, draw bark and skim. Let it j
boii up again and skim; then add the
'Mgar and stir until dissolved. Boil i
five rniutes, skimming carefully. Fill!
hot sterilized jars or large bottles. Put
tii" jars or bottles in moderate oven
for ten minutes, in pans of boilingwater.
ITave some boiling juice and
pour a little of it hito the jars as they
are taken from the oven; then seal.
Place on boards and set aside out of
a cold draft.
A good proportion of sugar and
juice is one gill of sugar to one quart
oi juice.
Raspberry, blackberry, grape and
currant juices may be matje by the
above recipe. With the exception of
currants; one half pint of sugar must'
be used to a quart of currant juice.
Fruit Syrups,
The only difference between syrups
and juice is that in the syrup there
must be at least half as much sugar
as fvu i t juice.
These syrups are used for flavoring
creams and water ices. They also
make a delicious drink, when two or
fUvo,, - -i ?
unci' r> I 11 LI til C UUKUU lO U giaSSI
of ice water. ' |
When berries are scarce ?thc pulp
left behind in the sieve and cheese
cloth may be turned into marmalade
by adding a small amount of water
and running through the sieve,
measuring and adding half as much
sugar and pr'p and cooking slowly .unquite
thick.
.\oU??To sterilize jars and bottles,
wass^.s ci an as is possible and piaee
in a dish pan on the side; fill vessel
with cold water; place on the stove;
neat slowly, and when the boiling
point is reached, boil ten miutes.
To seal bottles, soften new corks in
ware: water and place in bottles until
| the bottle and cork rre even over the
mouth. Cover with sealing wax, melted
and dropped over the top and
J around the edge of the mouth.
| KNOW TH1
III?Telegraph
Our transportation facilities are the
most perfe'et product of this great commercial
age and tlio telegraph and telephone
systems of this nation crown
the industrial achievements of the
whole world. These twin messengers
of modern civilization, born in the
skies, stand today the most faithful and
efficient public servants that ever
toiled for the human race.
They are of American nativity and
while warm from the mind of the inventive
genius have, under American
supervision, spun a net-work of wires
across the earth and under the seas.
Telegraphy, in its early youth, mastered
the known world and the telephone
has already conquered the
earth's surface, and now stands at the
seashore ready to leap across the
ocean.
No industry in the history of the
world has ever made such rapid strides
in development and usefulness, and
none has ever exerted a more powerful
influence upon the civilization of its
day than tho Telegraph and Telephone.
Their achievement demonstrates the
supremacy of two distinct types of
American genius?invention and organization.
The industry was peculiarly fortunate
in having powerful inventive intellect
at its source and tremendous
minds to direct its organization and
growth. It is the most perfect fruit
of the tree of American industry and
when compared with its European contemporaries,
it thrills every patriotic
American with pride.
Ambitious youth can find no more ip v
[ERjS' M
ects Will Ke Answered
lumns. Address:
Agent, Co nwav, S. C.
CONSTELLATIONS FOR MAY
Winthrop College, May 31,?Tu-n
to the western sky now in the evening
and note that the Pleiaders and the ]
V-shaped Hyades and Orion have disappeared
with the sun. If the sky is
observed at nine o'clock on an evening1
in April and then again a month
later in May, at the same hour, all ,
the stars will appear to have shifted
over to the west thirty degrees. It is ,
as if by some force the whole heavens
were each day jerked over toward <
the west just a little, nearly one degree.
The stars seem to race after 1
the run and gain*one degree on him
every day. Every day some of them
catch up with him aid miss him, g ,
I <
puv down ahead of him in the west.!
Astronomers say, however, that the!,
run appears to move eastward amoi g
tlie stars, drifting all the way round :
the heavens once a year in a pi t'
called the ecliptic. This month hot
lioi U'nnn f I"* rf-fc n v* ?1 1
? V ?yv V ?? v. V II liU* Mi: ? I'll M C ?I O (U IV. I
the Ilvades. Next month he passes
icar Cantor and Pollux, tftc twin stars
shining now over in the northwest.
In August he passes very close to
liegulus, the star in tlie end of the
handle of the Sickle; and so on around
among the Signs of the Zodiac.
Kind in the northeast a brilliant
blue-white star, Vega. Quite near
to this bright star, and a little below
and to the right, make out a small
oblique parallelogram of stars. Taking
the star in the upper corner of
this parallelogram near to Vega, and
using this stjir and Vega for the
corners of a small equilaterial triangle,
find another corner of the triangle
in a star to the left and below
Vega. This equilaterial triangle and 1
oblique parallelogram together make 1
up the constellation Lyra, the H rp.
From Vega turn to the North Star
and then turn on toward the north!
west and find the bright star, Capella,
about a ord from the orth Star in
the northwest as Vega is in the north;
^c-*- > u~ ~i **- * 1
I whoi, Liit; LtiiL-u *uirs, vcga, mo JNorinj
Star, and Capclla, making a long flat;
isosceles triangle with the North
Star at the vertex, and Vega and!
Cape!!a at the ends of the base*.
Find the Great Dipper mow high!
up over the North Star: aU'o the'
Acturns, and the kite-shaped group,!
the Charioteer, farther south hut near!
the overhead point. '
Watch for the appearance of a j
brilliant red star. Antarcs, "Mars" I
1 rival," in the southeast. Later we
shall trace the fine summer constellation,
Scorpio, this brilliant star,
I Antarcs, being in the curve of Scor!
pio's neck.
I ... ......
write to rrofessor E. C. Coker,!
Winthrop College, for information on
any special points.
{ COUNTRY
_J
and Telephone
spiring company tlian the fellowship
of the giant intellects that constructed '
this marvelous industry and a journey
along the pathway of its development,
illuminated at every mile-post of its
progress by the lightning-flashes of J
brilliant minds, will bo taken at a very j
early date.
A brief statistical review of the in- j
dustry brings out its growth and mag-1
nitude in a most convincing and un- j
forgetable manner.
The telephone service of tho United j
States is tho most nnnnlar ~m_I .
unu unit'lUUl
and its rates are the cheapest of the
telephone systems of the world.
We arc the greatest talkers on earth.
We send GO per cent of our communi-J
cations over the telephone. The world I
has about 1.1,000,000 telephones and of;
this number the United States ha3 ap-!
proximately 9,510,000, Europe 4,020.000 j
and other countries 1,300,000. According
to the latest world telephone ceo* J
sus, the total telephone investment is
$1,906,000,000 and of this amount $1,093.000,000
was credited to the United
States, $636,000,000 in Europe and
$175,000,000 in other countries. The
annual telephone conversations total
24,600,000,000 divided as follows: United
States 15,600,000,000; Europe 6,800,000,000,
and other countries 2,200,000,000.
The total world wire telephone
mileage is 33,202,000 -mites divided as
follows: United States 20,248.000. En
rope 10,335,000, and other countries
2,679,000. About six per cent of
the worU's population and sixty-one
per cent of the telephone wire mile- .
4kge is in the United States.
WHY NOT FIGHT FIRE
BEFORE IT STARTS
By S. W. IngUsh,
Fire Prevention Expert.
Every time you hear the cry of
'Fire!" you can be almost absolutely
safe in thinking that someone has
c>een careless. Fires don t happen.
They are the inevitable result of
combinations of preventable things.
'Alien analyzed to the last equation
it will bo found that carelessness is
the root whence spring nearly all
lires.
v Vi hat a penalty industry pays to
carelessness! Fire is the great destroyer.
The wealth of a generation
can be wiped out in but a brief hour.
Why not fight fires before they
start? Why not so conduct your
habits and so keep your premises
that when the fire demon wants to
offer your savings as a sacrifice he
will pass you by, just as those of
Egypt of old were passed over when
the sign they had been told to place
over their doors, were seen?
Too often when those who are
responsible from fire cry out they
are the victims of bad luck, they are
out paying the natural penalty for
their own carelessness.
If you want to keep down your lire
insurance rates, wage eternal wartare
against those things that ever
breed tires.
o
TIMELY POINTERS FOR
ORCHARD AND GARDEN
(The Horticultural Division of
Clemson College will be glad to answer
any questions pertaining to orchard
or garden.)
Sow tomato, cabbage and culiflower
seed for fall planting.
Fall tomatoes usually bring fancy
prices on local markets. Plan to have
some to sell'this fall.
Upon the first appearance of blight,
in fruit trees, cut out and burn the
affected parts.
Keep the cultivator going in tlie
fruit orchard. Neglect in this particular
means poorly developed trees.
Clematis paniculata is a good vine
for the porch. It is clean, fragrant
and a rapid grower.
Prune all spring flowering shrubs
as soon as t);oy are through blooming.
This will result in more and
better flowers next year.
Cut off and burn old dewberry
vines as soon as they are through
bearing. The new canes may be
allowed to run on the ground until
the end of the growing season.
A good lawn adds to the beauty
and enhances the value of any home.
Make preparations for a lawn now
by sowing the front yard thickly to
cow peas.
Look into the matter of purchasing
a home canner to utilize the surplus
fruit and vegetables. They can be
bought at small cost and will soon
pay for themselves.
Plow up the old strawberry bed
after the crop is olf if you are
through with it and sow the ground
to cowpeas. It is seldom profitable to
carry strawberrys through more
than three fruiting seasons.
Usually there is a scarcity of
vegetables in the home garden during
the late summer. Remedy this
defect by making successive plantings
of quick maturing vegetables
and giving good care to those that
remain the entire season.
o
Constipation Cured Overnight.
A small dose of Po-Do-Lax to-night
and you enjoy a full, free easy bowel
movement in the morning. No gripincr
fov it. ..11
. v ib i wih?|>ii\ tun
(May Apple) without the gripe. PoDo-Lax
corrects the cause of constipation
by arousing the Liver, increasing
the flow of bile. Pile is Nature's
antiseptic in the bowels. With proper
amount of bile, digestion in bowels is
perfect. No gas, no fermentation, no
Constipation. Don't be sick, nervous,
irritable, (let a bottle of Po-Do-Lax
from your Druggist now and cure
your Constipation overnight.?adv.
o
*****
Malaria or Chills & Fever
Prescription No. 666 is prepared especially
for MALARIA or CHILLS & FEVER.
Five or 6ix doses will break any case, and
if taken then as u tonic the Fever will not
return. It acta on the liver bettei than
Calomel and does not gripe or stdken. 25c
RED ROT DISEASE I
ATTACKS SUGAR CANE 1
After Cane is Attacked it Loses ?
Its Power of Germi- |l
nation
AGRICULTURE DEPARTMENT
INVESTIGATES MATTER
Specialist Was Detailed to Investigate
and What he
Found Published. |
When the sugar-cane growers ex- r
a mined their banks of seed cane early
last March in Grady County, Ga.,
they found about one-half of the cane
dead. Similar losses occurred during
the winter of 191 "-14. Thk nresents
a serious problem, for in the southern
part of the United States it is a i
common practice to st re in soil beds |
(llivilitc t!in vvintnv i r> fr? fV?*>
^ V..^ ? ??? V VI , I. V I, IV WlV.i LliU
sugar cane to be used for planting
the following season. A specialist of
the department found that the badly
damaged canes were invariably affected
primarily with a fungus disease,
red rot, scientifically known as
Colletotriehum falcatum. Examination
of the cane showed that the rot usually
began about the nodes and that
frequently the eyes were apparently
dead, the stalks still retaining their
normal color inside. Often there were
brown, water-soaked spots at the
nodes at or near the points from
which the roots of the new plant emerge.
Occasionally it appeared as
though the rot had proceeded from
the leaf sheaths into the node.
In uncovering the bank of sugar
cane stored for seed, it is not uncommon
to find some of the tender ends
of the stalks much rotted. In this
season, however, in the majority of
cases these ends show an - excessive
brown wet-rot beginning at the tips
or internodes of the stalks. The spots
varied in size and in some instances
extended the full length of the internode.
Where the fungus penetrated
the tissues to any extent, a red discoloration
was present, many canes
showing this their full length.
A careful inspection of banks of
seed cane was made by the department's
specialist in Cirady County,
Ga., and in the vicinity of Apalachicola,
Ida., to ascertain the influences
exerted by the different conditions under
which the cane might ho bedded.
It was generally agreed among the
planters that cane for banking should
be cut in the rain or immediately after
a rain, so that the cane would go
into the bank wet. The small bank
was thought to be less conductive to
the formation of reel rot or other
fungus diseases than the large bank.
The usual procedure in Geoygia and
Florida in banking seed cane is to
lay the stalks, including roots, leaves
and all, side by side lengthwise with
1 i*nr?l? t r? ilm o vnnnil m nd
| V?*v ? VV vw V V v??*- ? ^vmvi ^HVI V * 4 V- WJ/U
I overlapping tho stalks. The bank is
! usually about (5 feet wide and varies
in length from 10 to 100 feet or
more.. A thin layer of soil, 1 to S
inches deep, is then thrown over the
cane. According to many planters,
the thinner this layer of soil, is, the
better are the results obtained. Many
different conditions, however, prevail
in districts visited by the department's
specialist. Some banks were
covered with 4 to 6 inches of soil,
some were dry, others wet, some on
high land, others on low, and it was
infrequently found that the cane had
been frosted.
Both plant cane and stubble were
found stored in banks. However, in
none of these varying conditions could
any constant reason bo found for the
decay other than the presence of the
red-rot fungus. At the experiment
farm at Cairo, Ga., it is planned to
investigate the red-rot fungus of sugar
cane, aiming to prevent the luxu
riant development of the fundus
which appears in the early warm
spring days, or to eliminate the fungus
from the banks entirely. It is
hoped to find some means of preventing
the decay of the cane, as it seems
to recur to a serious extent every few
sugar cane industry.?Weekly News
years, and is a serious menace 'to the
Letter.
Only One "BROMO QUININE**
To set the genuine, coll tor full uamf* JUUtV
Tivit bkomo guiNiKE. Loiikf<frmfwdr<ef
R. W. GROVE. Cure* Cold in
touch end hetdnche. end work* ott cold, tit
*5