The Horry herald. (Conway, S.C.) 1886-1923, June 03, 1915, Page THREE, Image 3
- HOW FARMERS CAN
, WARD OFF MALARIA
ft
*
Fully Explained in Weekly
News Letter of Agriculture
Department.
' WELL-KNOWN MENACE
IN MANY SECTIONS
Precautions That Will Preserve
the Health of Workers in
Mosquito Regions.
>
Field workers of the Bureau of Entomology
of the department who
have been carrying on investigations
in regard to malarial mosquitoes have
now spent two seasons in the region
where malaria is widely prevalent,
without a single case "of the disease
y having developed in any member of
the party. The nature of their work
subjects these men to daily contacts
with the poisonous mosquitoes and it
may safely be assumed that thy are
ex nosed to more risk of infeetion
f than the average visitor to infested j
sections. For this reasons the pre-I
cautions 'that tjiey tiavc adopted so 5
i successfully against infection should'
be of interest to all whose a airs early
them into malarious regions.
Malaria is more prevalent in some j
sections of the United States than in !
others, but it may occur whereever
collections of surface water exist during
hot weather, except at high elevations.
it has now been scientifically demg
onstraieo, oi course, that malaria is j
conveyed by certain of the Ano.dielcs
mosquitoes, that ,the?e mosquitoes are!
active chiefly at night, and that the
problem of avoiding malaria thus con-!
sists principally in protecting one's j
self from mosquitoe hites after dark.
A preliminary step, however, is to ascertain
from local physicians the pre
j. valence of malaria in the neighborhood,
the apparent centers of the (lis- j
ease, and other information of this
sort. Li ng quarter^ should be selected
ah. ur as possible from known I
centers of infection.
Another important point to remem-1
ber is that not every chill means malarial
io'Vr ion in regions where the
Vdisease "is prevalent. An individual
0f who has experienced a chill is liable
to diagnose his own ease as malaria
and proceed to dose himself more or
less spasmodically with quinine. Even
if he happens to have malaria such
irregular treatment is nut likely to
be of permanent benefit. On the
other hand, if no treatment at all is
taken the disease is apt to assume the
chronic type. It is therefore important
that a physician be consulted with
out delay and an authoritative diagnosis
obtained. The course of quinine
should be continued for some time after
the symptoms of the disease have
disappeared, and rest is also of decided
assistance. Patients are apt,
however, to decline to rest once they
v recover some of their energy.
^ As has already been said, however,
f lin iml/1 ??L*-v ?./ ? ---L - - - 1 *
viiv* livm w\ji i\cia wnu are mvestigatI
9 ing the disease have succeeded by the
> use of simple precautions in escapf
? ing untouched. When mosquitoes are
th' active not only should the house and
I ' office be thoroughly screened but the
, . ^ bed should also be protected by a |
pa-( a mosquito bar or bed net. Several
? kinds of materials for this purpose
are on the market, but the cheaper
readily pull apart, permitting the
mosquitoes to enter. The material |
y* sold under the trade name of "bobinet"
iil more durable and efficient. It
is manufactured in widths from 72!
inches or more and in meshes of three j
k sizes?fine, medium and large. Of ]
those, the medium is most satisfactory,
for the large mesh will aliow
t
small mosquitoes to enter and the
fine mesh excludes too much air. The
bobinet should be gathered liberally
to a piece of muslin about 3 feet by
5 feet in size. The muslin * is then
fastened to a frame of light material
and hung lengthwise over the bed by
- means of cords attached to the ceilW
rm f
mg. i ne irames on the market arc
usually circular, but the rectangular
kind is more roomy.- The length of
the mosquito bar must be sufficient
to allow for a liberal air space over
the bed and for folding beneath the
edges of the mattress at the bottom.
Ten yards of hobinet 90 inches wide
-4? will make a roomy bar for a double
b<^d. The cost of the material should
be from 30 to 35 cents a yard.
The mosquito bar should be drawn
about the bed before nightfall and
(Continued on Page Seven.)
4
LIME-SULPHUR SPRAY
AND HOW TO MAKE IT
Clemson's Botanist Discusses
Widelv Used Funaicide and
Tells How to Use !t.
Clemson College,. May 25.?Limesulphur
has come into such a general
use that it is now made and sold b>
all the leading spray manufacturers
in the country and is handled by (b uggists
everywhere, says H. W. Barre,
botanist of Clemson College. Prof.
Barre explains what this solution is,
what are its uses and how it is properly
made.
Sulphur, he says, has long been
known to be a good fungicide. A few
years ago the present lime-sulphur solutibn
was developed for the purpose
of spraying certain plants that have
foliage too tender to be successfully
sprayed with Bordeaux mixture. This
solution has proved so successful in
combatting both insects and plant diseases
that it is now a standard spray
solution. It is especially valued as a
winter spray for killing scale insects
and dormant stages of fungi that remain
over winter on branches and
trunks of trees and as a summer
spray for spraying apples for scab,
roses for mildew, and peaches and
plums for brown rot and scab.
The commercial lime-sulphur solution
is a clear, amber-colored liquid,
containing calcium sulphide in solution.
It is made by heating lime and
sulphur together. Calcium sulphide
is the active agent that kills the fungi.
This solution is very caustic, and
if used in too great concentration will
kill plants.
Practically all the commercial soiu-1
tions of lime-sulphur on the market
are guaranteed to have a density of
.12 degrees Baurne and dilutions are
recommended on this basis. When
1 to 9 is recommended for spraying
plants that are dormant, one means
1 gallon of lime-sulphur to 9 gallons
of water. It is essential with a density
of 32 degrees Baurne that the den
sitv bo known heoaUSP thn mm-n ilonso
i the solution the most soluable sulphur
it contains and the "stronger" it is.
Commercial-lime sulphur is now
used almost exclusively for winter
spray and is being used quite largely]
, for summer spray. It is perfectly
1 safe to use it on ^apples, roses and.
1 other foliage plants not especially
scntitive. In such a case, use one
; gallon commercial lime-sulphur to
( 35 gallons of water. With peaches
and plums and some few other planes
that have especially sensitive foliage,
commercial lime-sulphur is not
always safe. Under certain condij
lions it seems to injure the foliage.
In no case, though, has any serious
injury been experienced at Clemson
College. For peaches and plums, use
1 1 nn nf \ o 1 1! ? *?1
. ui (.viuiii<;itiai uillt'"t)UI[)HUr
'solution to 100 gallons of water.
: Spray three weeks after bloom drops
i and ev6ry three weeks thereafter until
time for the "fruit to begin to ripen.
For the present, however, it seems
better and safer to use the self-boiled
lime-sulphur for these tender plants.
It is just as,efficient and it never injures
the foliage. The formula for
self-boiled lime-sulphur is as follows:
8 lbs. fresh quick lime,
8 its. sulphur (flour) #
50 gals, water.
Put the eight pounds of fresh lime
in a tub or a barrel and add just
enough water to slake it. An excess
of water seems to drown the lime and
retard thtv&lacking process. As soon
1 as lime begins to crumble apart and
I violent boiling is set up, add eight
! pounds of sulphur and stir in thorj
oughly, adding enough water to keep
any part, of the mixture from becoming
dry or burning. Keep this well
stirred and allow the boiling to continue
from five to ten minutes. Special
care should be exercised at this
time to keep any part of the mixture
from becoming dry. Enough water
should be added so that the paste is
thin enough to be easily stirred. After
the boiling has continued for five or
ten minutes, add enough water to cool
the mixture.
It is best to dilute this mixture to
proper strength and apply it as soon
as it is made. In applying it, a pump
with a good agitator should be used
so as to keep any part of the mixture
free from settling out.
Lime sulphur solution should be ap?
1 5 - .1 * * - -
puna wun torce ol about 100 pounds
pressure to the square inch.
o
Read the editorial on pa^e seven,
entitled "Newspapers and the War,"
which is copied from the Dillon Herald.
\
THE HORRY HERAL1
f5 fark
lservice di
All Inquiries on Farm Subj
Through These Co
M. W. WALL, Farm Dem.
.' 1 1 =|
RANGE FOR YOUNG CHICKENS
Problem Deserves More Attention
From the Farmers Than It
Now Gets.
Clemson College, May 31.?The
problem of supplying* a4 range or
green feed for chick?> does not receive
sufficient attention, according to F. C.
Hare, poultry husbandryman of Clemson
College. This is an important
side of the proper rearing of poultry
and the farmer who has sour skiriy
milk or buttermilk to spare and a
good green range has more than half
his chick problem solved.
For temporary feeding, one can
soak oats overnight in water, wash
them thoroughly next morning and
spread them in half-inch layers in
boxes or trays. Place these trays
in the shade outdoors and sprinkle
with water twice daily. In from
three to six days the oats will be
ready for feeding. LJor baby chicks
fepd when the sprouts are one-half
inch long, giving once daily what
the chicks will cat in about ten minutes.
Rape may be sown and, when
grown, cut up and fed to chicks.
Cabbage, lettuce, mangels, beets and
turnips can also be used for green
feed.
The only really satisfactory way J
however, to supply green feed and
a good range, says Prof Hare, is 'to
sod a piece of land to Bermuda grass
by plowing the grounds and dropping
a niece of Bermuda sod every 18
inches, and to put some burr clover
into this Bermuda grass in fall.
u
THE DUST MULCH
Most Economical Method of Preventing
Escape of Moisture.
Clemson College, May 25.?"The
crop yield and moisture content of a
soil are closely related," says T. E.
I Kc itt, chemist of the South Carolina
j Experiment Station and professor of
soils at Clemson College. "The common
field crops require from 300 to
500 pounds of wate; for each pound
of dry matter grown henee the necessity
for reducing the loss of water
through surface 'evaporation. This
can he most economically accomplished
by the maintenance of a dust
mulch."
Frof. Keitt proceeds to explain howto
get a dust mulch and how it does
its work.
"A perfectly dry dust mulch," he
says, "docs not have to be very deep
to be effective. In practise it is found
that the breaking of che first two or
three inches of surface soil forms an
I KNOW Tin
H?Ra
In discussing the commerc ia\
Achievements of this great age, we
shall approach the subject as the
historian chronicling events. This series
will endeavor to record in writing
the supremacy of American men
and industries in the world's affairs
and perptuate an appreciation of our
marvelous industrial achievements by
presenting simple facts, figures and
comparisons that are overpowering in
their convictions.
America holds her proud place
among the nations of the earth today
on account of her supremacy in transportation
facilities. The mighty minds
of the age are engaged in the problems
of transportation, and the greatest
men in the history of the world's
commerce are at the head of the
transportation systems of the United
States.
In the discussion of transportation,
let us consider separately our Hailways,
Telegraph and Telephones, Kxpress,
Public Highways, Steamships,
Street Railways, Interurban and other
forms of transportation, and this article*
117111 flnol ?>l*u ? ' '
?>viv ??* ! uvui n mi i an ways.
The United States has the largest
mileage, the best service, the cheapest
rates, pays labor the highest
wages, and we have the most efficiently
mauaged of the railways of the
world. They stand as a moni^nent to
the native genius of our marvelous
builders, and most of the railroads in
foreign countries have been built
under American orders.
The railroads represent a larger investment
of capital than any other
branch of human activity. The mileage
in the United States exceeds
* f
X CONWAY, S. C.
IERjS' <s^|
iPARTMENtJ
ects Will He Answered
lumns. Address: I
Agent, Conway, S. C.
L1MBERNECK IN POULTRY.
This Fatal Disease Becoming Pre- <
valent With the Advent of
Summer.
Clemson College, May 31.?Limber
neck in poultry is becoming prevalent
again with the advent of warm
weather. Requests have already
reached Clemson College for remedies
for the disease.
Limberneck is a condition brought
about in chickens by the eating of
decomposed flesh and the first thing
to do when one sees chickens with
necks limber and eccentric ways of
walking, is to search until one finds
the dead bird or animal causing the
trouble. Unless this is located and
buried, the outbreak will continue
until all the fowls have died.
In other . words, limberneck is
ptomaine poisoning in poultry. As
soon as the cause is removed, the outbreak
ceases. The best remedy for
the affected chickens is a half teaspoonful
of turpentine in a dessertspoonful
of sweet oil or cottonseed
oil. Repeat this dose every three
hours. Unless the disease has pro
.1 a. i* i
rvc>.sc:ti tut) iar ana paralysis nas
set, in the fowl will recover.
o
Read the editorial on page seven,
entitled "Newspapers and the War,"
which is copied from the Dillon HerI
aid.
O x.
The Best not Weather Tonic
S ROVE'S TASTELESS chill TONIC enriches the
j ^lood, builds e the whole system and will won
ierfuliy strengi.l:en and fortif) you to withstam
: he ^gpressinu' effect of the hot summe*- SOc.
j effective mulch, but sand mulches may
bp thinner than clay mulches. The
| mulch should be no deeper than is
j necessary for the reduction of evapo
ration to a minimum for the top soil
j is generally richer than the lower soil
and the thinner a mulch can bo made
and maintained effectively, the great<
or the root range of the plants.
"The principal involved in the functioning
of a dust mulch is that the
i capillary water is drawn from soil
j particle to soil particle by surface
, tension until it reaches the surface "of
uie son and is evaporated. The plowing
of the surface to the depth already
indicated by moans of a scrape
or sweep, disturbs the arrangemnt of
the soil particles and the disarrangeed
particles "blanket" the surface and
prevent the loss of moisture to any
considerable extent.
"It is necessary to renew the mulch
as soon as possible after each rain because
dampening rearranges the particles
in such a way that capilarity
will be re-established."
- - -r- - - - -
fCOUNTRY |
f 1 HA O
I UUUd ... *"
the accepted distance from the earth
to the moon. We had in 11)11, the
Jast year in which figures for all
countries are available, on the
earth's surface, 639,081 miles of railway
divided as follows: United States
241,199, Europe 207,432 and other
countries 191,350. The United States
has 38 per cent of the world's mileage,
seven per cent of the estimated population
and about fl.ve per cent of the
area. The total capital invested in the
railways of the world is $50,000,000,000,
divided as follows: United'States
$13,000,000,000 Europe $25,850,000,000
and other countries $11,350,000,000.
Reduced to a mileage basis the capitalization
is as follows: The world
$78,000, United States $54,000, Europe
$124,000, and other countries $59,000.
A comparison of rates is equally as
interesting and the United States
takes the lr^ad in economy and service.
The average rate per ton per
hundred milo haul is as follows:
United States 76e, Clreat. Britain $2.53,
France $1.14, Germany $1.44, Russia
92c, Austria-Hungary $1.30, Italy $2.30
and Switzerland $2.82.
The average yearly pay of all railroad
employes in the principal countries
is as follows: United States
$757, Germany $392, Italy $345. Austria
$322, Great Britain $279, Franco
$260 and Russia $204.
About 30 per cent, or 188,000 miles,
of the railways of the world aro
government owned. About half the
railWHV milonpn r?f - 1 -
_ wi UUIU|JU IB ^OVCril*
ment owned.
A comparison of the economy, in
time and money and the convenience
In travel, will bo mado in a later
article.
? >
CLEMSON IS OFFERING
FOUR SHORT COURSES
Farmers, Teachers, Ministers,
an&Corn Club Champions
Will Receive Instruction
Clemson Collojrc, Mav 25.?For
four weeks of this summer, the agricultural
faculty of Clemson College
will bo devoting its time to four
short courses, plans for which have
already been announced. The
courses will be given to farmers,
rural school teachers of agfarmers,
rural school teachers of agriculture,
rural ministers and corn
club boys. An attractive pamphlet
describing the courses has been printed
and this and other information
may be obtained by applying to J. C.
Littlejohn, Registrar, Clemson College.
The farmers,' teachers' and boys'
courses will be held from August 9 to
September 4. The miisters' course
wlill be held from August 10 to August
20
The summer courses have been so
arranged that one can get just what
he most needs even though he is
unable to stay at the college for all
of the four weeks. In the farmers'
ullnrf flAlll'On (Vin ...... 1 - III I -
V vx?vnov, IIIC V> L'VtV Will Of
"Dairy Week,' the second week, "Animal
Husbandry Week," the third week
"Horticulture Week," the ofurth week
"Agronomy Week."
Teachers of agriculture in the rural
schools will be given an excellent opportunity
to acquire valuable information
on their subject. They will have
both theoretical and practical work.
State Superintendent Swearingen has
issued a letter to the county superintendents,
trustees, and teachers, directing
their attention to this short
course for teachers at Clcmson College
and urging them to give it their
active suport.
In each county, the two winning
Boys' Corn Club members were offered
as prizes a scholarship in a short
course at Clemspn College and it is
beilevcd thai :i Iririrn nm?firvr?
? O " VIUII v? I (I HVH '
boys will take advantage of the opportunity
and come to CI em son for the
course in August. A special curriculum
will be mapped out for them and
they will have the advantage of the
best instruction from both the agricultural
department and the extension
and demonstration forces.
The course for country ministers
will be the first of its kind in the
South. In part it will emphasize rural
economics, centering about the church
! and iii part it will teach agricultural
I subjects.
| It will cost one dollar to matricui
late any course and the other expen1
scs will consist o^ three dollars a week
for board, room, laundry, water and
light, and one dollar a week for laboratory
fees.
The entire equipment of the agricultural
department and of the Ubrov>
will be at the sendee of those whe
take the summer course. A series ol
i evening lectures, some on ogricultural
I subjects and others on poular subjects
will be open to all. The athletic field
for baseball and tennis, will be availI
able for recreation. In the boys
course the last hours in tha afternoon
will be devoted to base ball, basket
ball, track work, swimming and gymnasium.
It is expected that among the night
ly lecturers there will be some of very
m - ?
i mi at
Our Stock is more varied
suit the needs of this entire
the best interests of our cust
at prices that they can affor<
are in keeping with the hard
rope an war.
WHEN IN NEED I
and you fail to get satisfacti*
Toddville and let us show you
DUSENE
TODDVILLE,
<
THUS
HOW TO FIGHT
THE SEASONS PESTS
Some Pointers for the Farmer
and Gardener That Will
Rid Them
IN THEIR WAR
ON SUCH PESTS
Write to Clemson College for
Bulletin No. 2 5 on Peach
Tree Borer.
Clemson College, May 31.?Control
measures for peach tree borer and
cotton root louse and suggestions for
I
the use of poisons on tobacco plants .
are sent to all the demonstration
agents in the state by A. F. Conradi,
entomologist at Clemson College. The
entomology division of Clemson has
adopted the practice of sending notices
of this sort to the agents at intervals,
in this way keeping the men
in the held fully informed and up to
the minute on methods of controlling
insect outbreaks in their territory.
The peach tree borer is the insect
4 1... 4 * "
nuii i-uust's gum torm about tho
base of a tree. Control measures for N
it are given in circular 25 of the S.
Experiment Station. They consist
principally of mounding the trees the
first week in July. Where borers are
very bad and time permits, it is worth
while to paint the trunks of tho trees
with a trunk wash described in Circular
25 before the mounding is done.
Farmers of the Pee Dee section,
troubled with cotton root louse should
give a rapid shallow cultivation from
the time the cotton is up until it has a
good start. This is extremely important
as a farm practice, as it demoralizes
the ants which attend the lice
and care for them.
Attention is called to tho use of poison
on tobacco. Paris green has generally
been unsatisfactory cm account,
of its slow action, though it is safe to
j use on foliage. During the last two
| years a new form of arsenate of lead
i has been developed which contains not
less than dO per cent, arsenic and less
> than 1 per cent, soluable. This is an
arsenate of lead which acts rapidly.
> I At the same time it is safe to use on
' the plants in so far as burning is eonI
corned. It can be applied with an ori
dinary powder gun by mixing it onc1
half its weight with sifted wood ashes
A gun has been put on the market
which will dust pure arsenate of lead.
It gives every promise of success.
o
1 Read the editorial on page seven,
entitled "Newspapers and the War,"
which is copied from the Dillon Her
aid.
; K^ ->
Special merit. The complete list of
: speakers and subjects will be announI
cod later. One of these lectures will
i be given each evening at 8 o'clock and
I many will be illustrated. Each Sat
uiday evening there will be a moving
' picture entertainment pertaining to
t some branch of agriculture.
Those who enroll for these courses
may stay one week or four, as they
wish. For information on the subject,
write to J. C. Littfejohn, Registrar,
Clemson College.
TODDVILLE
I
and up-to-date than ever to
section. We still try to serve
omers, and offer them goods
d to stand, and prices that
times brought on by the EuOF
ANYTHING.
on elsewhere, come on to
what we can do.
WRY & GO. 1
r )
! Si Cm >
\