Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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MAKES FINE T ALK ? 1>AN1KI4* SPEAKS AT OUAIUiKSTON COLdiBGH. I ? ' EDUCATES MUST SERVE Seeretory of til? Navy Sivoak.s to o Imrpo Crowd on Education, Its Tendencies and Values?Pleads for Students to Carry Their Ideals Throughout Their Life. One of the largest audiences that has over attended commencement exercises of a Institution of learning, says The Charleston News and Courier, gathered at the Hibernian Hall ^ a.-u A A*? ? * ? ji uodvuij infill/ iur mo annual lorm&i closing of the College of Charleston, at which the commencement address was delivered by the Hon. Josephus Daniels, Secretary of the Navy. Hvery available seat In the capacious hall was taken and many stood In the rotunda outside of the door. The addross by Mr. Daniels made a splendid Impression upon his hearers, as was evidenced by the frequent applause with which his address was Interrupted. The secretary gracefully delivered a ringing address, which was punctuated with applause. In a humorous vein he made a happy introduction to the more serious portion of his talk, and putting his audience in high good humor by his first words. Mr. Daniels spoke of the close and friendly feeling that has always existed between the States of North Carolina and South Carolina, and declared that he, bolng a natlvo of tho old North State, had a groat respect and liking for this State and her people. Tho city of Charleston, he said, was to be particularly congratulated on her magnificent historical record and nn the brightness of her outlook for the future. Mr. Daniels said that when the department lBsued a call Admiral Helm and his officers at the Charleston navy yard stood ready and prepared to act ivt short notice and with the best results. He raid that the navy boasted twe of its best features at Charleston and Port Royal and that the deaartnrinnt w?a tU m " tm 1UIUUVU1 VI IUO excellent results achieved. He made iSWitfon of Charleston's superior harbor advantages. He cited the splenitis wark done by Victor Blue and other South Carolinians for the navy ?af their country. Mr. Daniels asserted that the scholarship that was not used for the r.p lift and betterment of the people Is a imere ornament; that If college men do not take an active part in politics end put thlr talents and accomplishments to proper account for the public affairs fall Into the hands of grafters and men unfitted to occupy high station. He stresod the fact that no man had the right to hold office who had not learned first of all to control himsel f. "I heard a man say that ho would despise himself If his patriotism was so narrow that he did not love one part of this country as much as any other part. I would be ashamed of my patriotism If I didn't love the piece of land on which I was born more than any other place on earth. Patriotism must begin at homo. A man must love his homo if ho expects his patriotism to broaden. Affection grows by exerclso. If you love your homo town you can lovo your country bettor, and then you can lovo your State better, and your lovo for your State will strengthen your lovo for your country, and make It possible for it to burgeon Into the national spirit that makes us Americans under all cirouinstances." "So, young gentlemen," said the speaker, "you will go out into the larger life, and as you enter new neighborhoods and larger cities you will bo tempted to feel that tho old environments was too narrow and that you must have bigger tasks. But you must carry with you Into your new field tho same principles and oor>'lctlons that guided you In your old homo community among people who love God. "I sometimes think that the trouble with this country Is that we place too much emphasis on convention and not enough on conviction. The men who are true to their convictions are the only men who are remembered after they have passed away. And unless a man Is true tc his belief he doesn't amount to much In his life here/' "In every time and In every country In the world except ours thorc has always been a privileged class said tho speaker, hut those privileges always carried roanftnolWIUu flw .. ?r . tin doctrine thnt nobility compels. Paint ?ng a picture of knighthood he re minded his hearera that the knighti did not spend all their time on theii ohargors or about the round table Every true knight, ho said, was rig orously trained for knighthood am in him was thoroughly ingrained th< doctrine of noblesse oblige. Tha doctrine is just na compelling nov npon the men who have enjoyed op portunities, the secretary said, as i was in the days of King Arthur Provilege always entails obligation and responsibiUtieG. Some years ago it seemed as I HAVE FIERCE FIGHTING ? UEBEIjS AND FEDERALS ENGAGI IN ANOTHER BATTLE. ? . Report Says Fivo Thousand Wer< Defwicd by Villa Who Took Elgin Hundred Prisoners. Desperate fighting is in progress before Saltillo, but the wires diroci i from the front, silent, it is believed under the order of Gen. Franciscc 1 Villa, have brought no details of the , engagaments. Whether Villa ha* fought his way through the outer do fenses of the federal stronghold an? is knocking 011 the gates of Saltillc itself or whether a desperate defense of the positions north of the town have sufficed to check the Constitutionalist advance, was uncertain from the little news that came through. The only direct information reaching El Paso, Tex., was in a dispatch from Isidro Fabola, acting minister of foreign affairs in the Constitutionalist government, which informed the Constitutionalist Junta that Villa had defeatei a force of 5,000 federals at Paredon, inflicting heavy casualties, capturing 800 prisoners, and much ammunition and other valuable munitions of war. Two federal generals were among those said to have been killed. Neither the time nor date of the engagement was specified in Fabela's dispatch, which was sent from Durango. Gen. Carranza and his staff, among whom was Senor Fabela, returned to Purango late Tuesday night from Sombrereto, Zacatecas. It is regarded as possible that the news contained in the dispatch may have been sent in a wire from the front somo days ago. Tho mention of the engagement of 5,000 troops at Paredon, 4G miles from tho federal base, has proven a puzzle to men who have followed the campaign closely. The first serious engagement of the campaign was reported to have occurred near that point Friday when 300 men of the Zaragonza brigade, under Gon. Raoul Madero, surprised and scattered a rederal force of 400. This la the last direct news of the campaign to reach El Paso from the front although other minor skirmishes were rumored. If the Durango dispatch Is correct and the engagement took place after the defeat administered to the federal force by Gen. Madero, it may indicate that the federals have advanced in force from Saltillo. there would arise a privileged class in this country, an aristocracy of wealth, but the members were always too few to constitute a large class, and too many of these had spent themselves so freely In acquiring wealth that they did not acquire the sense of noblesse oblige. They had no sense of responsibility and hence could never be looked up to las a nobility. More recently, howlevor, such men have come to feel the sense of trusteeship and have given liberally to ameliorate wrongful conditions. Rut the only privileged class to-day in America is one that any man may enter, and the key that unlocks tho door of that class is knowledge. Any man may enter it who masters his studies and uses his knowledge for the uplift of his fellows. The man who drinks deeply in the spring of knowledge and then returns to his homo superciliously as one who is hotter than others, and who devotes that learning merely to securing social standing or an income, is no better than a miser who hoards his gold while multitudes suf for In need. Too many colleges have shown a spirit of conventionality, regarding learning for its own sake, with no appreciation of thj fact that education is meant to bo common property. Too many of them have been married by class spirit, social snobbishness, sometimes croeping out in fraternities, said the speaker, and it has been seen to throttle the spirit of democracy and rob tho college of Its mission. Woodrow Wilson found at Princeton a desire for money so strongly entrenched on tho board of trustees that even at tho hour in which Now Jersey looked to him as its future governor ho was in tho throes of defeat. Throughout many of tho greal northern institutions there had spread a spirit that was hostile to the spirit of serving the people. Edu cuation that does not remember tin I forgotten man has failed of its pur ( pose. Ninety-nine out of a hundret dollars given to education are be stowed by men who did not have tin benefit of an education. To Take New Action. \ The latest move on the part of thi 5 M. E. church, South, to roposses - Vanderbilt University will be an ac - tion in behalf of tho patronizing con * forece, which may have legal claim r unaffected by the Tennessee court. ? ? ? j Fatal Shooting at (71inton* , Bdgar Enbanks, the Laurens mil (. operative shot by John Cunninghan 9 at Clinton died Monday in a Lauren hospital. ^ ? ? ? Which ** Auto** Co. b Cars may come and cars may gc which auto go forovor. (Hove mercj t Judge.) " DEMOCRATS MEET 3 GATHERING OF STATE IJ3ADERS IN DEMOCRACY. ' DECIDE PRIMARY REFORM ? * Delegations Prom Charleston and Georgetown Raised Issue Which > ^ IIa<l to l>e Referre<l to Credentials Committee?Primary Reform to I Come Refore Convention. j Tho State Deiiiocratic convention , met at noon Wednesday with former Gov. John Gary Evans, ehaiman of Hio Qtofo norn#\n??ofl/i "? " ' 1 * ? VIIU KIIUIV i^OIUUVl UllV/ V UUIIUHUJL", 111 tho chnir. The sessions of the convention are being held in the hall of tho House of Representatives, which . had been especially arranged for the occasion. As on the opening day of | tho general assembly, Sorgeant-atArins Wilson had marked off the delegations in various parts of the hall, showing where each county's representatives should take their places. Tho two United States senators were absent from the convention. Senator Tillman indicated sevoral days ago that he could not attond and Tuesday night's dispatches gave as his reason consideration in tho Senate of tho agricultural appropriation bill. No member of the South Carolina delegation In congress attended tho convention. Jas. A. Hoyt of Columbia, nominated by Christie Renet, was unanimously selected temprorary president of tho convention. Mr. Ifayt, escorted to the chair, named M. M. Mann of St. Matthews, R. B. Sloan and R. E. Carwile of Columbia as temporary secretaries. Tho first business before tho convention was the calling of the roll of delegates from the uncontested counties. The counties were then called alphabetically and the delegates announced, substitutions being made where necessary when delegates had not come to the convention. V/hen Charleston county was reached Mayor Grace handed up a roll of delegates. Chairman Hoyt announced he would not recognize any delegate from Charleston as the delegation wow contested. This was apparently In response to Mr. Grace'o statement that he was not sure whether his delegation or the other would be called the contested delegation from Charleston. Mr. Li. J. Williams of Aiken moved that the Georgetown credentials be referred to tire committee on rrmipn. tials as there were twelve votes with half a vote each. Georgetown county, after years of division, had gotten together at the recent county convention on a sort of compromise plan by agreeing to send to the State convention a split delegation, each entitled to a half vote. This question comes before the credentials committee later. At 1 o'clock Wednesday afternoon the credentials committee met to consider the Charleston contest and the Georgetown "split" delegation situation. Thomas M. Raysor of Orangeburg was named chairman of the committee on credentials. The Georgetown "split" delegation was seated by tho credentials committee of the State convention, the 12 delegates being given places in the convention with six votes, but -lot more than one member is to servo on any one committee. After tho appointment of the crodontla1* committee the convention -"cessed until eight o'clock last night. The credentials committee met at throe-thirty and began hearing testimony in the Charloston contest. Roth the Barnwell and Grace representatives introduced mnrh tostlmnnv nnH submitted many affidavits. Tho cre1 denttals committee unanimously voted to seat the Barnwell delegation after hoaring tho tostimony. Delegates to tho State convention , poured into Columbia Tuesday and ( the hotels became alive with the hum and bustlo of politics. Many t politicians not members of the conJ vention are thero also, and little , knots and groups constantly congregate In the lobbies and discuss tho 5 probable action which tho convention will take on tho all-important quesj tion of reforming the primary. Tho main feature of tho prelimi3 naries was tho caucus of those favoring primary reform. Tho caucus took place In tho big auditorium ol the Jefferson Hotel and lasted several hours. The newspaper men were s not invited to tho caucus, but it if s known that tho matter of primary re form was gone over with. Advocates - and opponents of the Richland plar s to restrict tho primary to registered voters took part in tho caucus, and various and sundrv snirrrestIons an tr the most feaslblo plan were threshoc out. Tho convention was called to ordoi 11 noon Wednesday In tho hall of th< 9 House of Representatives by Johi (lary Evans, chairman of tho Stat* Democratic executive committee. Af tor tho preliminary organization wa >. perfected the first matter to crtmc til was the contest from Charlostoj county, which was sent to the com GREAT AID TO FARMER! - SMITH TALKS OF BENEFITS Ol STANI>AltI)IZATIOX PLAN. ? Says If Farmer Doesn't Get Ful Value for His Goods It Will be Hi Own Fault. In connection with the passage b; the Senate Monday of his amendmen ; to tho agricultural appropriation bill making available immediately upoi 1 tho enactment of the bill an appro priation of $ 100,000 to place a set o sampleB of government standards o cotton, with a set of the yarns mad from these samples, at every loca cotton market in the South, Senato E. I). Smith said: "I did this because the farmer who sell their cotton are at the mere; of the buyer as to what grado thei cotton is and at the mercy of th< buyer as to the value of each grad< as compared with the other grades With a set of these standardized sam pies each farmer who goes to a mar ket can compare his own cotton witl the samples furnished by the govern inent and determine what grade h< has. He can then refer to the yarni made from the grade that his cottoi happens to bo, and determine its rel ativo value to the other grades. Ir other words, this appropriation wil furnish him with the same knowledge that every mill man and every buyei has, and therefore, put him on ar equal footing with them. With this knowledge ho should demand the ful value of every grado of his cotton. "Several years ago a bill was pass ed by congress to standardize the grades of cotton. When I came tc the Senate I found that these standard grades were lying very serenelj in the agricultural department. The New Orleans market had adopted these grades, but had added other grades, both above and below. Now York had paid no attention to them I had an appropriation made to test the relative spinning value of these different grades and the result of thii test I have sent broadcast over the State. With my amendment, which passed to-day, the legislation ia now almost complete, so far as the cotton farmer la concerned. "I promised the farmers of the State when I came to the Senate thai 1 would attempt to relieve the burdens of this cotton problem. If the farmer doee not now got the full value of every grade of hla cotton, he is alone to blame, for the knowledge Is furnished him. It was very flattering to me and very gratifying that the vote in the Senate appropriating this $100,000 was more than three tc one in favor of it. The pity of it is that the knowledge we now have could not have been given us years ago." ? ? KILLED Bk NEGRO. Xegro Kills Hartsviile Man While They Had Been Fishing. Tom Brown, a young white man who lived a few miles west of HartEvillo at Segal's' mill, was shot and killed by H. Wingate, a negro, about 2 o'clock Wednesday. The scene of the tragedy was at Segars' mill pond. Facts as best obtained are that Mr. Brown and the negro had been out in a. canoe fishing and us Mr. Brown stepped from the boat he gave it a shove which bore the negro a short distance from the shore. The negro cursed Mr. Brown whereupon he resented it and told the negro to take back his words and apologize. The negro is said to hav< scrambled to the shore, got a shoi gun and fired one entire load of shoi Into Mr. Brown's breast, which cans' ed his death shortly afterwards. USED NO CLUB. . Senator Knnsdell Explodes Insinua ) tion About Federal Patronage. Senator Ransdoll of Louisiana Tuesday denied on tho floor of tin Senate that President Wilson ha< sought to coerce him or his colleague Senator Thornton, by means of fed oral patronage, to voto for free Bugar Tho statement was In roaponse to i newspaper article published Mondaj "I had several lntervlowa with th president during the consideration o tho tariff act," said Senator Ransdell "The president expressed his view forcibly, as he always does, that part loyalty required me to vote for th tariff act. I replied In like mannc . but there never was any unploasanl . ness between us. I am sure he neve i intended to coerce mo by patronag * or otherwise." 5 mitteo on credentials. This contef \ was to bo disposed of before tho cor . ventlon could form permanent 01 \ ganizatlon and get down to the wor i In hand. I Neither Gov. Please, Attorney Ger 1 eral Peoples, Senator John L. McT.ai i rin, Mr. C. U. JSimms, Mossrs. S. . 1 Nichols, C. C. Wycho and C. N. Sap a *e members of the convention. M r P. Frank Kelly of Ulshopville. D 3 Olln Sawyer of Georgetown, Mr. V i C. Irby ,Tr. of Laurens, are among tl ^ best known of tho Please minorll . which sat in the convention. Tl rt convention is overwhelmingly ant 3 Please, he having less than r>0 out < x the 3S6 delegates which make up tl - convention. 5 >? ? ? ? < o H I On the Road o ! BY A \ 11 a "" * ? More than seven thousand American lives were lost in the first Mexican war. How many will bo lying on * the field of battle before United j States forces again trumphantly en^ ter the Vale of Anahuac, and seize Chapultepec and the Ualacio NacionC al? ^ It is not a pleasant topic to discuss. Mexican methods of warfare j are not pleasant in themselves. Then the climate, the mountains and othnr r ' peculiarities of tho country will wa: on the side of the defenders. "hut Scott did not have much trouble,' one hears. No, unless you call long weary months of waiting and fighting, thousands dead of bullets and illness, and other thousands 'I in miserable field hospitals "trouble" Then, in counting the cost this 1 time It must be remembered that Huerta is In no such desrerate pooition as was Santa Ana. The latte** had already been soundly whipped at Palo Alto, and in several other battles in the north. lie had had to hurry south to oppose Scott in the j days when railroads were mostly ^ known by books and pictures to ? Mexico. He had no such means for ' raising volunteers and rousing the } populace as has the Indian dictator l now in the seat of power. To be exact, the government archives have records of tho deaths of ) 7,800 Americans i 11 tut) f rst Mexican ) war. The larger part died by disease. Tho Mexican losses have been r estimated at 25,000. The total cost ) fo both sides was about $260,000,^ 000. The Mexicans put 100,000 men . in the field. There were 112,230 , American soldiers engaged, of whom 78,770 were volunteers. ; Gen. Leonard Wood has superln? ten den ce here of the preparations of y plans to Invade Mexico. This is not > necessarily a war measure, however, i General staffs of every army are always at work figuring out exactly i- how they coold selz.e upon some perfectly friendly nation'? chief cities. ) But the plans for Mexico have recent; ly been revised and enlarged minute. ly. Experts on Mexican road? and i camping conditions have been con1 suited. Nothing has been left uni done. ) There are to be three lines of at . tack. The first, already initiated, is ; the movement from Vera Croa to ; Mexico* City. The second is the seiz> ure of Tamplco and perhaps a movoi ment from there to the capital. The ) third la a march from the north, i probably through Et Paso and Juarez down the route taken by Villa, Madero, and numerous other conquerors. The Invasion from Vera Cruz will - be the most Important, as in Scott's time. There are two Tine* of railroad from Vera Cruz to Mesico City, the Interoceanic of the National Railways system and the Mexican railway. These branch away from the coast, the Interoceanic to the north and the Mexican further south, but In the mountains they converge and finally ' cross at San Marcos to come together ' again at tl^e capital. The Interoceanic follows Scott's old 1 line. For rocks, mountains, difficult , passes and easily defended spots , there is little choice between the two lines. The Interoceanic takes much | the same route as the ancient highI ways. Perhaps for this reason It will , appeal to the army tacticians. This j. railroad Is narrow gauge, ancient, t and with not enough rolling stock to . furnish transportation for more than a few regiments. Its stations recall the Scott campaign?Antigua, Rinconada, Jalapa, Las Vigas, Puebla and Conorado. To the eastward of Jalana is the eront National Bridge, for both railroad and foot trailic. The United States troops had a fight for that bridge in 1 1 84 7 and it would bo an important ? strategic point now. Tho climate varies all the way from semi-tropical Jalapa to the cold I'uebla and San Lorenzo. The rivers to bo crossed are many. a r The Mexican railway Is sometimes called by its advertising men "the ,f scenic route of Mexico". This may I appeal to travellers but soldiers a would Just as soon fight over more y level country. Tho road is Standard 0 guage and modern. Where it is not r crossing rivers 5 00 feet down in a _ canyon it is clinging to tho side of a ir mountain or burrowing through It, 0 Beginning in a tropical country it crawls dangerously near the snow ? lino then up and down and through narrow passes until it reaches the i_ Mexican central plateau. From Vers r. Cruz, which lies four feet above sea ^ level it rises to heights more than a milo and a half abovo the towers ol t h r> nnnnftrt Tf O fit 11 ~ ~ ? ,? i v. iv <o nun iinitjn mug, l- Just beyond Vera Cruz, where sane J. dunes alternato with marsh lands anc ?p wild fowl rend the air with winrr r. cries and shrieking, has the Lapum r. do Oooos (Cocoanut lagoon) when 7. the Mexican army that defendod Von in Cruz in tho former Mexican war sur :y rendered to Oen. Scott. Across th< ie'Jungle top ranges high blue hill i- ,nnd the Pico do Orizaba against th< 3f j northern sky. A little further on tin ie, American troops will pass Soledad whore tho pcaeo treaty between tin < to Mexico City ?* j rETERAN I v. Spanish General Prim and the Mexican General Doblado was concluded in 1862. Here they will cross a bridge of 400 feet over the Rto Jamapa, on the right a deep gorge and ^ the remains of an old Spanish oauseway. The country is broken Vith hills and valleys. A few miles beyond Paso del Macho 7 6 kilometers, from Vera Cruz 1,5*00 feet high, the railroad crosses the Son A 1 _ 1 _ 1 1 ? - ** ? . - ? /viuju onago 01 ?5 I s reet. At uniquihite siding is another bridge 220 feet i long, and a little further on a third 1 bridge spanning the Atoyac River, a roaring, leaping torrent in the wet seasons. The ascent bocomes steeper and steeper, the railroad following B a grade of 4 per cent, that makes the engines snort and wheeze amid the hills. The elevation ascends from 1,510 feet to 2,710 feet within 20 miies. At 105 kilometers from Vera Cruz the line passes through Cordo.ha, a town of 7,000 population. ^ Hard by Cordoba is a little fortress. Here amid wierdly grand scenery, the railroad passes one of the most fearsome points on the lino slowly and cautiously gliding down one steep side of the deep Motlac Barranca. On the otlior side of a yawning ravine in tho- depths of which a ^ tropical river churns its way, is another lino of railway on a terrace cut from tho side of the precipice and at an angle similar to that of a togobban slide. Five tunnels interrupt this lino bofore it reachos the higher level and turns tho flank of the hill. Tho train glides slowly across the Metlac Bridge, a skilful piece of engl- ^ neering work, 350 feet long, built on a curve of 3 25 feet radius oq a 3 per cent, grade, 92 feet above the river. Right cast and wrought ircti pillars uphold It. Trainmen droad the pass and consider It tho most dangerous on the line. After leaving Metlac bridge, the , train passes through tunnels so nam- ^ erouB that often the locomotive will be In one and the last car of the train In another. From the last of these tunnels the train emergee en an extensive table land: Orlzba, a AIIAjw* 1 .14 ? e ar- a a a Iij ua.ui l yi uviuciai Ciljr Ul CJ?,WV population, 4,02 8 feet above sea level, and 13 4 kilometers from Vera Cruz, ^ la the next big town. After leaving Orizaba, the railroad enters a gloomy barranca called HI Inflernlllo (the Little Hell), and croseea dizzy acclivities* passing through tunnels and over streams * that have worn deep chasm* Into the I traprock. Black crosses hard by mark All the last resting places of unfortanates who have fallen there, and warn wanderers of a similtvr fate if they slip from the winding track above. On rainy days the train often passes through low-lying clbuds. A little furthor on it approaches Winner's bridge, ninety feet long, one of f the most dangerous on the ilne, spanning a yawning chasm that gives a view of surpassing grandeur of a valley many colored and rich with vegetation, 3,000 feet below. At Boca del Monto the railroad has attained an altitude of one and one- / half miles above Vera Croz and the * fortress of San Juan do Ulua. The next station Is Esperanza. Then comes San Andres, 203 kilometers from Vera Cruz, from which point the run to the Mexican capital is across the central plateau, which is practically level thereabouts. Forty j kilometers further on the road A touches San Marcos. There follow the stations of Apizaeo where there is a junction of the branch railroad to Puebla and the station of Guadalupe, 3 00 kilometers from Vera Cruz, and the highest point of the line,. 8,33 3 feet, 98 6 feet higher than Mexico City. At Irolo, 3 47 kilometers from th^ starting point, the road meets a V branch of the Hidalgo & Nordes* \ railroad. Twenty-two kilometers fur- * ther it reaches Otumba, on the plain near which was fought one of the fiercest battles between the Indiana ^ _ j i % * - - ? I una in? spanisn invaders after CorI tez and his men had been lgnominl- tfL ously expelled from the Aztec city and were retreating to Vera Cruz to 1 recuperate. ' At San Juan Teotihuacan, ten kilometers further on, the great ancient ' pyramids can be seen on the right of 1 the road. Guadelupe, 4 20 kilometers 1 from Vera Cruz and the sea, by its ' squat and dreary-looking houses and * neglected churches used as storerooms, advertises the suburbs of the 1! Mexican capital, and soon after * reaching It the train draws up in 1 Mexico City at the Buena Vista sta^1 tion. 1 ? ^ Negro Lynched in Florida. ^ James Woodsomo, a negro who ^ had previously served 12 years for as* saulting a colored woman, was shot I J .. 1 U ~ .1 11 ?. , to uuuiii at uuniuiiKViiio, irm., Mon1 day after attempting to force his way 5 in a white woman's room, i t ? ? j Killed by HoWwrs, ' a Eugene Hoathing, railroad station ? agent at Tappan, N. Y., was shot and 3 killed early Thursday by two men , who attempted to rob the safe In his o office* *