The Horry herald. (Conway, S.C.) 1886-1923, February 05, 1914, Image 4

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SMITH IS PLEASED SEES SAVINGS FOR FARMER IN NEW GRADING PLAN I MUST BE STANDARDIZED Cotton Tests Conducted t?y (he Gov- 1 ernmcnt Shown That There is an , Incredible Difference in (he Selling Value of the Various Grades and Their Textile Worth. ? Senator Cmith of South Carolina ' the other day visited the ofllco of Dr. Cobb of the department of agriculture to bco a demonstration of the work inaugurated under the appropriation obtained by him in tho last agricultural appropriation bill, "to bo used in testifier (lie ivasto fonuiln strength. and bleaching qualities of the different grades of cotton as standardized by the government." The work contemplated i.n this amendment was carried on by the do( partment at Clemson College, Danville and in Washington. The result has more than mot the expectation ' of Senator Smith in demonstrating | that the difference in the spinning valuo of the different grades, as standardized by the government, is not nearly so great as the difference now ' fixed by the cotton trade. The difference in the yarns made from good ordinary, the lowest grade under the government standardization, and middling fair, the highest grade under the government standardization of upland coton, is practicnly negli- ' gible. The cost of bleaching good , ordinary, and each of tho grades ^ higher is practically the same. Tho waste in converting tho different grades into yarn Is considerably larg- ' or in the lower grades, to wit, mid- 1 dling, strict good ordinary, and ordinary, but tho commercial valuo of j this waste appears to be the same. These tests which arc now practically ready to be demonstrated and distributed throughout iho country establish the fact that the farmers of the country have lost millions of dollars because of tho want of this knowledge. It is claimed by an export that the state of Texas alone this season has lost, approximately $4 0,000,000. Prom this estimate, it would bo a safe estimate to say that South Carolina has lost perhaps a million this year. Senator Smith is introducting an amendment, intended to bo proposed by him to tho agricultural bill, requiring tho department of agriculture to furnish a set of the standard samples, as fixed by tho government, free of cost to every shipping point, in the cotton growing section which ships a sufficient number of bales annually to justify the uso of a set of these samples; and also to furnish each shipping point, either with the bulletin setting forth, tho spinning value of each grade as ascertained by the recent tests, or a set of yarns bleached and unbleached, made from each sample, with such other products as were obtained from the test from each grade, so that those who sell cotton may ho ablo to determine for themselves what their grades are and the value of these grades as compared with each of the other grades. To illustrate, if middling should be quoted as worth 13 cents, by reference to tho buletin setting forth the finding of the department , tho value of ordinary would bo readily determined. So also, as indicated above, if middling was worth 13 cents, and the tonsilo strength, as tested by tho government, tho cost of bleaching and tho amount of waste from good ordinary being determined should amount to 7 0 points, or 7 0 cents per 100 more than for middling, then tho difference between middling and good ordinary would bo $3.HO per halo. A telegram receivod some time ago by Senator Smith in responso to an inquiry of the New York Exchange as to the difference fixed by tho exchange between good ordinary and middling was to tho effect that a difference of 3 00 points, equal to $ 1 f> per bale was made. Therefore, once the grade was determined, the value of that grade as compared with the price of middling could Wo ascertained fairly and impartially by both tho farmer and tho buyer, as a result of this work. Senator Smith, in speaking of the work, said: Unless these samples, that is, a set of tho government grades are obtainable for every shipping point, together with a result of the findings of tho department, the value of these tests will not be fully available to tho cotton grower. To illustrato this, the government has decided that 3G inches shall make a yard; if only one store or three or four only In South Carolina had a yard stick, those who would buy in the stores which had no yardstick would he at the mercy of the merchant. Therefore it is essential that every shipping point should have a set of these grades and the findings of the department under these tests, as it is that every buyer and seller should be furnished with a yard stick or a standard set of scales. "So gratifying are these results that I propose now to have stains and tinges standardized and their reljfc. . THE EDUCATIONAL BILL ? ll>OITBl> BY TIIK HOUSE TO INCKKAKK INKLIiKJKNCE ! ? Kull Text of the McCruvey-Harpcr liHwson Compulsory Education , Hill Which ltoceivod Big Majority. Tho McCravey-IIarper-Lawson opional county adoption compulsory eil- , neat ion hill, as passed by tho General Assembly to its third reading, which will no doubt bo a final action by tho llouso and Senate, is as follows: Section 1. That tho county board )f education in any county of this State, upon tho written petition of one-third of tho qualified electors residing in any school district of tho county, shall order an election to determine whether or not tho compulsory attendance of children between the ages of eight and twelve years shall bo authorized and enforced in tho schools of such district. Section 2. Upon tho written petition of tho qualified electors of any county in the State, tho County board of education of such county shall order an election to determine whether or no tho compulsory attendance of children between tho ages of eight and twelve years shall bo authorized Olid rnfnrppi! in nil tlin dlof rlola onrl schools of such county. Section 3. In such election only the qualified electors residing in the school district or county shall he allowed to vote. If no election is ordertiered for a school district the county board of education shall designate the time and place of such election find give notice thereof in some newspaper published in the county, and by posting such notice in at least three public places within the school district for at least two weeks, unless bore be no newspapers published within the county, in which event the posting of the notice as above directed shall sullice. In such election the board of trustees of the district shall ic as election managers, shall count the votes and shall certify the result to the county hoard of education. If such elction is ordered for the whole county, the voting shall be conduced at the regular election precincts and the county board of education shall appoint tho managers of such elction and pay them from the general school fund tho per diem allowed the managers of general elections, and shall receive and canvass the returns of tho managers and declare the result of tho election. Section 4. The said election shall bo by ballot, and tho ballots used shall have written or printed on them the words, 'For compulsory attendance" or "Against compulsory attendance." If tho majority of the ballots cast at such election shall bo "For compulsory attendance" then the requirements and penalties hereinafter stated shall be in full force and effect in such district or in such county, but if th emajority of the hallos cast shall he "Against compulsory attendance" the requirements and penalties hereinafter stated shall not m nr?l v t a cuoh rl i u t r I n f r\ n enob c/vun I' I' jr w? u v? v 11 viign iv<b v/ i ouv n v vi u U" ty. Section 5. In tho district or in tlio county which votes for compulsory attendance in tho manner above described it shall he tho duty of every parent or guardian residing therein to keep in daily atendance at some public school in said district or county every child or ward between the ages of eight and twelve years under the control of said parent or guardian for the entiro school term provided by tho district board of trustees, unless such child or word is in regular attendance for an equal term at such regular private school, or unless said parent or guardian presents a certificate from some licensed physician as evidence that such child or ward is physically or mentally in capacitated for school work, or unless said parent or guardian presents to tho county hoard of education satisfactory evidonco that the labor of said child is necessary to tho support of said child: Provided, that tho district trustees in every county, city or school district in which the provisions of this Act are in force shall have tho power to buy suitable clothing and suitable school books and pay for tho same out of ative spinning values, too. determin od, In order to encompass tho entire cotton business. Tho department, as abovo stated, has demonstrated tho relative cost of converting each grade into yarn, the relativo cost of bleaching each grade, and tho amount of waste in each, thereby fixing tho spinning value of each grado. This is accomplished and done, and tho only thing now to do is to seo that ho /v# u ~ ~~ * 1.1 ~ i <u I in; I n ui LIIU UwllllLI y 11 <1 > l: lllis knowledge In a practical way, which I believe will ho accomplished by having a set of those samples placed at each shipping point, and the relative value of the different grades, as determined by tho department, furnished each shipping point, I hope that each legislature in every cotton growing state will pass a law requiring every buyer to comfort his grading to the government standardization, so that there may he a uniformity of grades and an ultimate uniformity of prices of each. If this be done, the cotton farmers of tho South will ho the beneficiaries?and beneficiaries in the sense that means tho saving of millions of dollars to thorn annually." STORY OF RADIUM I: * SUBSTANCE IS WORTH JUST FIFTY 1 MILLION'S A POUND - * I TOTAL SUPPLY AN OUNCE; i i Only One lMant in I lilted States for the Production of This Power ( W hich is Kxpocted to Kevolutioni/.e ] Science and Medicine History of ( Its Discovery and Development. t In a little, brick building in the ( village of Selloraville, Pa., an hour's . ride by trolley from Philadelphia, there is located the lirst radium man- J ufacturing plant in tlie United States, | or in the Western hemisphere for v that matter. The second will soon be in operation in Colorado, but the j initial honors go to the little plant in I j the century-old settlement in the Keystone state. I Radium is quite the tnoso expen- . slve, and likewise the most lnyste- , rious tiling that tlio world's science has knowledge of at the present time. , It is also the most diilicult and the | most costly to produce. One gram of j radium is worth, at the lowest esti- ( mate, $100,000. It takes about 4SS { of those grams to produce a nound: * hence the vine of a pound, if there were that much in the world, would ho worth 0,000.0 0 0 But the world does not possess a pound of radium, and it will he a matter of a great many years before it does. In fact it is doubtful if the entire ore field of Colorado "will produce' much more than a pound of 'his material. At the present time there is not much more than an ounce of radium in the world, as it is rated at about $3,000,000 an ounce, avoirdupois, the entire supply is worth about $3.T,00,000. Just what radium is remains a great deal of a mystery. Although a component part of the earth since its creation, it was only very few years ago that Mine. Curio, 1he French scientist and her husband succeeded in isolating it. Scientists havo discovered {..nne of the things this wonderful new power can do, but the sum of its aetivitie is a problem which will require the work of several generations to establish. It. is still in the experimental stage, and it was not until a year after Mine. Curie had collected the first radium tho world's history that its wonderful curative powers become known. Prof. Henri Booquerol, a great French physicist, who had closely followed Mine. Curie in her work, journeyed to London to give a lecture on radium. In his waistcoat pocked he carried a vial containing a few specks of tin' powerful mineral. Unknown to him. the mysterious light rays, which he clement gives off, pierced the glass and his clothing and entered his side. Accordliu to the now established radium law, a red streak appeared on his flesh 1 t days later, tho school funds of tho district in which said child shall reside, when-!1 I ? ever it is made to appear to said school hoard that on account of lack of money tho child or its parent or guardian or other person having control of such child is not able to comply with the provisions of this Act. Section G. It shall be tho duty of the school district board of trustees to furnish the superintendent, principal or teacher of the school or schools under their jurisdiction a list of all children of tho constitutional school age of from 6 to 21 years with tho age and place of residence of each. Section 7. When any child between tho ages of S and 12 years named on such list and not exempt under tho provisions of Section f> of this Act shall have been absent from school for fivo consecutive days or for more than five days in any scholastic month, without valid excuse, it shall be the duty of the superintendent, principal or teacher of said school to report such absence in writing to the chairman of said district board, whn shall forthwith, either in person or in writing, or through somo otlieer designated hy tho district or comply hoard, notify tho parent or guardian of said child of such absence, and J shall call his or her attention to tho provisions of tho law and shall warn him or her against a repetition of tho offence. Section 8. After tho warning de- 1 scribed in tho foregoing section of this Act. any parent or guardian who shall fail to comply with the provisions of this Act, unless excused or i exempted as hereinbefore provided, t shall ho deemed guilty of a nilsde- i meanor; and, upon complaint, enter- i ed before tho nearest magistrate by i tho chairman of tho district board of 1 trustees, or by such other norsnn officer as may bo designated by him < or by tho county board of education, f and upon conviction shall bo llablo < for each offence to a flno of not less f than $2 nor more than $10, or to be Imprisoned for not less than two days nor more than ten days, at the discretion of the court. All fines will be paid to the county treasurer and >, by him credited to tho school dis- ji trlct in which the delinquent parent f or guardian shall reside. \ niii ho suilered grout pain from it. li!| leveloped nuo a deep wound, with so- ( ious complications, and ho was coiujolled lo tuko his bod. it Was sev ral months uoforo u euro was eftoctid. Scientists and physicians immeliately reasoned tiiat such a power* ul agency could bo harnessed lor juui.j welf. re, and since that time 5no long series of experiments with radium and tho human body have jeen made. They know little more iow than when they began, but it is tolerably certain that tho invisible rays will halt cancer, and perhaps stablisn a permanent cure, while jcores of other human ills have proven susceptible to its influence. Had tun was first made from tho mineral known as pi chblcnde, great luantitios of which abound in Ausria. Hut a later discovery established the fact tliat tlio new force existed n greater quantities in carnotite, a fellow mineral found in insignificant liiantities outside tho United States. It is present in small quantities in jevoral states of tliis country, but 'unnir.g through Colorado aud Utah las been found the richest radiumlearing region yet discovered. This arnotite is now being mined in tho Paradox valley, in Colorado, and now ho entire stock of radium is being lorived from tliis ore. Carnotite is usually found In pock*t s; of smidytmm ilonnuHa cnoiip. ng of it is a difficult task, and when t is known that it takes many tons >f the ore to produce a single gram >f radium, the work becomes exccedngly laborious. While carnotito lias been mined in 'olorado for over a year, it was not intll a short time ago that the <vork >f extraet'ng radium from it was atemptod in tlie United States. Hefore hnt the entire output of rarnotUe vas shipped to Rurope. Then the Pennsylvania plant sprang up, getin.g its ore from Utah and Colorado, ?nd already it has turned out about M?r>0,000 worth of the product. Tho methods by which radium is 'oncentrated from tho tons of ore hrougli which it is spread are a secret. There are probably several dif'erent methods, each manufacturer laving lijs own. Tint tho general >rinciplo is well known. it is not a smelting process, such as is used in extracting gold, or copper, or iron, jut is purely chemical. The radium nust ho dissolved and then orystalized in the form of salt?either ralium chloride or radium bromide. Mine. Curio, with her discovery of )olonium, paved tho way and laid lown tho general rules. The ore is crushed and placed in argo vats into which a solution of uirhonate of soda is poured. I Feat, irings the whole to the boiling point, ifter which it is filtered. More car>onate of soda solution is added for ho purpose of washing out most of ho sulphates. Tho liqui 1 that results contains several alkaline earths, including the \auium content of tlio original oro. This is now treated with pure hyIrochloric acid. This dissolves these earths. The radium has now to bo ireeipitatcd from tho rest of tlie nass. This may ho done either by ulding sulphuric acid, which forms a 'ombination with tho radium in tlie orm of radium sulphate and has to )e changed back into a carbonate by he addition of moro carbonate of toda, or tho solution may bo saturated with hydrogen chloride, which irecipitates only tho radium and the lariuin cholrides, leaving tho chloides of lead, iron, calcium, etc., still n solution. These radium and ba*ium chlorides are practically purej md ready to bo separated and crysalllzed. It is a complex process, difTlcult or any 0110 but an expert chemist to inderstand. But it is to bo simpliled and all tho mystery that still langs about it is to bo removed. The louse committee on mines and minng is considering tho plan of withlrawing from further appropriation ill lands In tho public domain that iro known to have radium bearing ninerals in them. The purposo is to k6op the carnoite supply of tho United States from ~ J - * - ? itiinK Biuppua anroaa at iron ore jrices, where European nations will lrst take for tlieni3elves the radium lioy need, and then, if there is any eft, sell it to tho United States at liamond prices. The new plan is to nako this country the center of the adium business, and the first step is ho preservation f tho carnotite supply in tho states for American manufacturers. THE COST OK WAR. ? ? Illustration of Human Waste Found in Stricken Hulgnia. An illustration of tho human waste n war is furnished by the census just aken of the new Bulgarian territories acquired by war. Tho male popllation of that portion of Macedonia illotted to Bulgaria was reduced durng hostilities from 175,000 to 24,>00. In Bulgarian Thrace only 225,>00 males remain out of a total heore tho war of 4 0 4.000, whilo in the listrict of Mustapha Pasha, where lghtlng waged long and fiercely, only 1,000 males are left out of 33,000. Wants State to Mine. South Carolina Farmers' union, vhieh met in Columbia Monday idopted a resolution urging that tho U.ato operate lime quarries with condct labor. i SOME HOUSE BILLS REPRESENTATIVES WANT A TWO CENT MILEAGE AND COMPULSORY EDUCATION ? Votes in the County Local Option IMun for Compulsory Education by Vote of (h"> to .'12?Two Cent Mileage Hate Passes St to 25?Convict Labor Discussed. The House Thursday emphatically expressed itself on several propositions. First, it passed by a vote of 05 to 32 the McCravey-Harperow .. optional county adoption compulsory education bill. This is practically the same propositon that was passed last year and vetoed, wth some slight modifications in the hope of getting it through this year. Then the House overwhelmnglv passed the Mixson-Stanley two-cent rate bill. Tho temper of the House was to have absolutely no amendments, but vote for a flat two-cent rate. Of course, the Senate has yet to pass upon this matter. The temper of the Houso was shown in tho vote of 81 to 25 against any .modifications of tho two-cent rate in favor of the roads fliat had small passenger earnings. The House also rejected amendments exempting short lines, the 1 whole idea being to insist upon a flat!, two-cent rate. There was very little discussion of the bll. On the other hand, Mr. Sanders went so far as to say that there had not been a single fact presented to warrant the twocent rate. The House showed a disposition to use a considerable portion of the eon- 1 viets now employed on the Slate farm 1 for the making of good roads. The 1 bill to provide for the sale of the State farms was not passed, but the disposition seems to be to sell at least one of the farms now, re- : serving tho other for the making of foodstuffs for the Penitentiary and < curtailing the number of laborer t ; used on the farm but at he same time making restrictions so that the prep- ' orty will not be sacrificed to accoiu- < plish this purpose. 1 The House did not seem to want '< very much argument over the option- 1 al educational plan proposed by Mr. Harper and Mr. McCravey, because it 1 was practically tho sairm proposition ( that had been passed last year. The 1 chief speech was made by Mr. Nicholson of CI roil wood, who presented a clear and connected argument in lav- ' or of compulsory education as provided. I To called upon the patriotism of the members to tlie best interest ' of the State to pass tlie Act, which was done. i Mr. Harper, who is responsible for the new proposition which is grafted on the McCravey idea, made a short 1 talk in which ho presented figures and arguments in favor of this for- ] ward step of the State. Mr. McCravey 1 stood ready with a battery of am- '> munition to enter into tho fight in 1 defence of the bill but no one seemed to want to raise any question, and many of the speches that wero in incubation XVnrfl sUll.hnrn . . UU 1 11 IT I1CU i?l i , Ritenburg moved the previous ques- ; tion. On the vote to strike out the enact- , ing words of the bill the record shows 22 to kill the measure and G5 in its j favor, as follows: < Against the bill: Messrs. Addy, J. ] W. Ashley, M. .T. Ashley, Browning, i Creech, Cross, Daniel, Fortner, Coodwin, Gray, C.reer, Hardin, Harrelson, 1 Ilarrelson, Harvey, Irby, Kelly, Kir- , by, Lybrand, Moseley, Murray, Nelson , Robertson, W. S. Rogers, Jr., Sum- j mers, Tindal, White, Whitehead?.12. | For the bill: Messrs. M. D. Smith, | Atkinson, Barnwell, Bethea, Blackwell, Bolt, Bowers, Boyd, Bushbee, \ Charles, Clement, Courtney, Dant- ? zler, DeLaughter, Dick, Epps, Evans, j Friday, Casque, Hall, Harper, Hay- 1 neswarth, Iliott, Hunter, James. , Johnston, Jones, Kibbler, Leo, Idles. McCravey, McDonald, McMaster, Mc- i Millan, McQueen, Massey, Means, Melfi, Mitchell, Nicholson, Odom, Bate, Pegues, Pyatt, Ready, Itiddle, Riley, Ritenbhrg, L. M. Rogers, Sanrlnra C!oa4 t n uvip| uv.uii| ouuii) r>ensensy, S ilrlGyt Smiley, Stanley, Stevenson, Sturkie, 1 Thompson, Welch, Wllburn, C. C. Wyclie, C. T. Wyche, Youmans, Zelgler?C5. KILLED IVY CAU. ? Tampa, Fla. Cyclist Moots Instant and llorihlo Death. TTis head and body so tightly jammed in the runnine eenr o ?* t, 0 - .? v/i a niiUUl I car at Tampa, Fla., Sunday afternoon i that it was necessary to jack tho car i clear of tho track to extricate him, 1 Duard Bourquardoz, of that place, 1 met instant death, lie was riding his motorcycle to a nearby resort and ( tried to pass in front of a fast inter- j urban car. Ho fell under tho wheels j and was mangled beyond recognition. f j Had to Quarantine the Jury. f Just as a jury at Fort Worth, Tex.. > brought in a verdict Saturday one of < the jurors developed a case af small- i pox and now all tho twolovo men are < under quarantine. I THE HORRY HERALD CONWAY, S. C. I Published Every Thursday. THIRSDAY, FMRKl'ARY 5, 1014. PROFESSIONAL CAHIW. H. II. WOODWARD, Attorney and Counsellor at Ixiw. CONWAY, S. C. II. II. SCARKOKOUGH. Attorney at faiw. CONWAY, S. C. If. II. IirKROUGIIS, Pliysiciun and Surgeon. CONWAY, S. C. W. E. Met 'OKI). Dental Surgeon. CONWAY, S. C. It F.N 12 IIA MO N10 L, I,aiid Surveying and Drainage. Spivey Duilding, Conway, 0. C. Tiiio 111< 11 riiicio of io<h;s. + S i n I y -1 i \ <' For Cent, of Output is Mnrketed in Three Months. The recent high prices of eggs has caused the Farmers' Union to conduct an investigation into tlio poultry conditions of the nation, and Peter Had ford, lecturer of the national Fanners' union, gave out the following statement concerning condition? in this State: "Wo market sixty-five per cent., of our egg crop in Apr il, May and June, although the consumption of egg? runs very nearly even throughout the entire year. The American farmer to-day is paying the middleman the princely sum of $1138,000,000 per milium for storing and selling his eggs. This sum of money would build and equip sufficient storage to are for the agricultural production :>f the nation. The value of the nation's egg production during a decade is equivalent in value to all the farm property in Texas; would build a city the size of St. Louis and would pay the, national debts of Spain, Japan and the United States combined. "The poultry yard census of continental United States taken by the Federal government, shows that the farmers of this country gather approximately 1,091,3 11,000 dozen eggs per annum, which sell at. a farm prico of $306,088,960, and a rota.il price of $5 4 5,2 S 9,000. These eggs, Eiccording to the market reports, ars marketed about as follows: January 4 7,789,000 dozen February 63,652,000 dozen March 65,000,000 dozen April 303,349,000 dozes May 318,262,000 dozen lune 270,432,000 dozen July 79,565,000 dozen August 1 43,21 8,000 dozen September .. ..111,311,000 dozen Dctober 79,565,000 dozen November 47,739,000 dozen December 6 4,152,000 dozen "The average farm price of eggs per annum is known to be 20c per iozen, and tho average retail pries was 35c per dozen. The highest retail quotation at any one time and place during the year was 7 5c and the lowest price was 20c per dozen. "The latest census reports show that there are 2,946,4 1 4 fowls In thi? State and about three-fourths of them are egg producers. The annual production Is 1 1,049,468 dozen ?ggs, with a farm value of $7,162,7 97. Tho yearly poultry productions s 8,811,348 fowls, valued at $2,648,179. __ K \ i '1* I I.'IC'f.'i i ^r.?V. 1 IVI'il/ *1 I I' III* Indian Slays Mate in Order to I/earm. New Worship. A tragic story of superstition has # :ome to light in explaining how a man named Vahamidan, near O-alcuta, India, murdored his wife with her )wn consent in a secret ceremonial. Vahamidan had heen learning the irinciplos of Tantric worship from a monk. To complete his studies h? - J? ' * <i uouy. a itor several attempts to get ono, ho proposed to his vife that she surrender her life to \id him, assuring her that he would revivify her as soon as ho finished lis studies. At midnight the devoted wife aesompanied her husband to the eromalon group(1, where with her consent, in cut her in two and began his wordilp to the goddess Kali. His devoions concluded, Vahamldan spent levoral hours trying to restore the woman to life, lie was found by ifllcers uttering loud lamentations ind beating his breast In self-con* lcmnatlon. The monk has disappeared. \ \