The Horry herald. (Conway, S.C.) 1886-1923, August 01, 1912, Image 6
I 'GIRL IS COWHIDED
!
THREE MEN GO TO HER HOUSE
AND TAKE HER OUT
WON'T TELL THEIR NAMES
? ?
J* is (Claimed that the Attackers Are
Prominent in Georgia City.?Girl
Whipped I localise Man's Hon L#ovecl
Her Against Father's Wishes.?
W. 8. Ifcmior Did Whipping.
According to the Augusta Herald,
J5?ale Carter, a young white woman,
Is in the Macon Hospital in a serious
condition as the result of a horsewhipping
inflicted upon her Saturday
night at Dawson by three men. She
v-as brought to Macou on a cot for
medical and surgical attention.
While refusing to give the names
of the men who whipped her, the
young woman says thai the man who
plied the whip is a prominent citirt
n of Dawson and the father of a
young man whose attentions to her
caused the trouble. She says she
was dragged out of her house and
Mjltilo Iwn nion nnllnri n(T linr ninth
Ing and held her tho third administered
the flogging. She is striped
and cut on every inch of her body
from her waist down.
According to Mary Carter, the woman's
sister, who brought her to Macon,
W. S. Dozler, clerk of superior
court of Terrell county, did the whipping,
while Clyde Dozier, his grown
eon, and Pope iMcClung held her. V.
O. Dozier, eighteen year old son of
W. S. Dozier, is the youth whose infatuation
for tho woman is given as
the cause for tho cowhidlng.
W. 8. Dozier was asked by long
distance telephone for a statement,
t>ut refused to discuss the affair.
According to Mary Cartor, a
crowd nf a dozen or more men, in
two automobiles, wont to Essie Carte-r'fc
home abont midnight Saturday.
The servant refused them admittance,
whereupon she was knocked
down and tho Doziers and Mo
Clung entered and seached the house
until they found Essie Carter in her
room. She was taken outside, Mary
Carter asserts, and after being stripped
was beaten by the elder Dozier,
while Clyde Dozier and McClung held
iier and the other men stood around
>,.',d/vb. A ^ A .. r
wj'cu (iimiuim iv i?ruYuuL iuijr liucriur?nce.
After Hesie Carter had been beaten
into insensibility, Mary Carter says,
the crowd rode to her house two
blocks away, determined to punish
"her in similar maaier. Mary Carter
says she yas warned in time to escape
in tho darkness and hid in a
nearby grove until after the crowd
bad dispersed. She brought her sister
to Macon on the first train and
placed her tai the hospital.
Friends of the Carter women in
Macon say they will employ Macon
attorneys to prosecute the Doziers
and others who took part in the
horse-whipping.
f'Because it will bring disgrace
upon his son, I am not going to tell
the name of tho man who lacerated
me with a buggy whip,"" declared
Kssio Carter, "although I really
think he should be exposed. His son
had been coming to see me, and I
had been warned to leave Dawson,
hut I stayed there, and that is why I
Am la this condition. I told the
young man that ho should forget me,
hut he said ho couldn't and persisted
in his attentions.
"SutHirday night his father, accompanied
by two other men, entered
the house. They seized mo and drag
#ed me out into the street and two of
them pulled off my skirts and underclothing
and the father then beat in?
until I fainted."
"The man used a long buggy whip
^which was concealed under his coat
when ho entered the house. He is
one of (ho leading men of Dawson,
and is wealthy, and his son stands as
well as ho does. For that reason, because
it will shame and humiliate the
son, for whom I feel a sincere affection,
1 am not going to give any
names.
"Dawson is my home. I have lived
there many years, and my poople livo
there now. My way of living may
not please everybody, but I am not a
bad woman."
The young woman is being taken
fcc.are of here by friends who have
tra-toed a fun to defray the doctors'
sand hospital expenses. The doctors
pay she will recover, but may Vie cripplod
for life, as several tendons are
affected.
?
Hf/KANl'i MMN MKKT.
-? ?
Home 200 Voters Prom Club at
Greenwood.
la response to a call for a meeting
of "every Blease man in Greenwood
county," about 200 votern met in the
court house at Greenwood Saturday
and organised by electing II. J. Kinard,
chairman or president, J. G.
Pen*, vice-president; T. Coko Turner,
secretary. I). If. Magill, C. W.
Crelghtoa, and G. 'Mike Kinard made
speeches extolling the governor.
%
TrnMJo Was Dynamited.
A largo trcatre nctonglng to the
Rose Mines in JJaftb county, Ky.,
where twa hundred miners aro on
strike, was blown up. A railroad tie,
Heavily charged with dynamite was
discovered just In tlmo to prevent a
train from being wrecked.
\ ? ?
On Vigil at the Grave.
The pet horse of Miss Elfrlda Beha-ens
and her f)et terrier stand vigil
At the grave of their mistress, in the
Sun AfiUfilo cemetery, and it is feared
they will starve to death. The
Mimals followed the hearse when
she was laid to rest.
CAPTAIN SMITH ALIVE
>LD SHIPMATE SAYS HE SAW ILLFATED
TITAXIC'S CAPTAIN.
??
Mariner Insists He Talked to His Old
Commander on Streets of Baltimore,
Maryland.
That Capt. E. J. Smith, commander
of the ill-fated Titanic, was not
drowned in the disaster, but was seen
safe and sound in Baltimore, Md., is
the claim of Peter Pryal, a retired
mariner, who claims to liavo been a
shipmate of Capt. Smith for more
than seventeen years. Mr. Pryal
claims he not only saw Capt. Smith,
but that he talked with him. Thinking
he might be mistaken after the
first view of the man he thought was
dead, Pryal asserts he made a second
trip to the place wrere he saw him
the first time. Finally to his astonishment,
he says, he saw the same
man approaching him. Walking up
to him he said: "Capt. Smith, how
are you?" Then according to Mr.
Pryal the man answered: "Very well.
Pryal, but please don't detain me. I
am on business." Pryal insists ho
followed the man until he boarded a
train to Washington, D. C., and at
the gate Capt. Smith turned to him
and said, "Be good, shipmate, until
we meet again."
"There is 110 possibility of my being
mistaken," he said. "1 have
known Capt. Smith for many years.
When he commanded the Majestic I
/as his quarter-master and the White
| Star line officials will vouch for this.
! I nrv a wwl thnir ntn ??lntr /vti thn T7 atmi K_
i ? viiiuiiMA i, ti i i r/injnu; vjia uic lVU^UU"
lie, but was later transferred to the
Majestic just after Capt. Smith was
raised to the rank of coin man nor. I
would know him even without his
beard.
"After what I have seen I firmly
believe that the Titanic's commander
escaped a watery grave, and was
in some mysterious manner saved
and brought to this country. I have
told Dr. Warfield of the occurrence,
and he will testify as to the condition
of my brain, for I know that many
will think I have gone insane."
Pryal was quarter-master 011 the;
Majestic of the White Star line thirty
years ago, when Capt. Smith commanded
the vessel. He is one of the
oldest mariners in Baltimore. Ho has
made Baltimore his home for more
than fifty years, and claims the honor
of having sailed on the first steamships
that ever plied into the harbor
of Baltimore, the Carrol, the Somerset
and the Worcester.
The White Star line officials in New
York City, while they do not ridicule
Pryal's story, declare they have received
no substantiation of the tale
told by the Baltimore mariner.
STAN I) COXiLA PS ICS.
?
Supporting Posts Rotted From Running
Water Underneath.
At Wheeling, W. Va., many persons
were injured, a number seriously,
when 20 0 Masons and their families,
seated on a wooden platform
revering in a small ravine in front of
an open air theatre were precipitated
to the ground by the sudden collapse
of the structure. The drop to
the bottom of the ravine was fifteen)
feet. Thirty persons were seriously
hurt. One of these, Miss Elsie Little,
of Henwood, W. Va., sustained
a broken back and will die. The others
received fractures of the arms,
ribs and legs or internal injuries and
bruises. Scores of others suffered
from scratches and shock.
The annual outing of the Masonic
Club, of Wheeling, was being held in
the park. Over 200 persons were on
the platform. At the conclusion of a
vaudeville program the portion of the
audience sitting near the stage arose.
Suddenly the tan bark covered platform
beneath them began to give
way. There was a wild scramble for
safety, followed immediately by the
collapse of the structure. The mass
of humanity dropped fifteen feet and
piled in a heap at the bottom of the
muddy ravine.
Assistance was plentiful in the
park, while a score of physicians was
rushed to the scene from the city.
Many of the injured were unconscious
when rescued. A park restaurant
was converted into an emergency
hospital. An examination of the collapsed
platform showed that the
posts sustaining it had rotted from
running water beneath.
TWINS WILL STAY JOINED.
Siame.se Duplicates Will Not be Sub
jocted to an Operation.
The twin daughters of Mr. and
Mrs. John Griggs, of Holyoko, Mass.
widely known as the Holyoko Siamese
twins, because their bodies are
joined together at the hips, have left
the hospital where they were born
seven weeks ago, and have been taken
to the Griggs home. They are
good nattired and have been christened
'Mary and Margaret. The former
frequently enjoys a nap while the
latter, with wide open eyes, coos and
smiles. It has been decided not to
attempt to separate the infants by an
operation.
? ? .
Charged with Hewitching Cow.
Mrs. John Yeniski, of West Hazleton,
Pa., was arraigned before an
auiorman, cuargea oy airs. rranK
Clelp with having bewitched a cow
po that it ceased to give milk. The
woman wan discharged and the prosecutor
told her to consul her pastor
about the impropriety of believing
such nonsense.
?
War Hug latest Menace.
"Beware of the ear bug" is the latest
warning sounded by Philadelphia
physicians. Annie Rooney was a victim,
surgeons at the Polyclinic hospital
finding the bug alive, snuggled
close to the ear drum, stringing the
sensitive organ as it pleased, and
causing the child excrutiating pain.
I
WASH HUNTER CASE
GOVERNOR BLEASE PARDONS HIS
FORMER CLIENT
+.
MS CONVICTED TWICE
TIio Greenwood Journal Gives a Full
History of the Famous Case am)
Incidentally Defends Its Peoplo
Against Charges Made Against
Them by Governor Blease.
The Greenwood Journal says It
may bo that the peoplo of Greenwood
Ccunty are not particularly interested
in the general pardon record of
Gov. Blease, but there is one case
which is being much discussed and
about which we think it well to keep
the record straight. The Journal
then gives the following facts in the
Famous Wash Hunter Case:
G. Wash Hunter was charged with
the murder of Elbert F. Copeland,
July 19, 190G, near Clinton in Laurens
County. The case was tried
four times at Laurens Court House,
pmsjh 11i 11 i? in tlirpp mistrials and a vor
diet of manslaughter which was set
aside. On Sept. 20, 1907, the case
was ordered transferred to Greenwood
County, and after an appeal
from this order to the Supreme Court
the case was brought to trial in this
county September 27, 1908, when
Hunter was found guilty of manslaughter
and given an eight year
sentence.
The record shows that the following
men composed the jury that
found llunter guilty: W. II. Hagood,
Foreman; J. L. Stribling, J. H. D.
Ashmore, T. W. Pace, II. P. Pinson,
B A. Hunter, W. IT. Whltlock, J. E.
Rearden, J. II. Hinton, R. C. Jennings,
M. D. Warner and J. L. Rlch|
ter. The following attorneys are
marked of record as representing
Hunter: Cole I,. Please, W. R. Richey,
B. F. Townsend, Geo. T. Magill,
W. It. Itichey Jr., and T. C. Turner Jr.
After sentence the case was appealed
to the Supreme Court and the verdict
was allirmed. It was then taken
by appeal to the Supreme Court of
?ne United States and the verdict way
again allirmed. When the United
States Supreme Court refused to interfere
there was no further legal
move and Hunter was pardoned by
Gov. lllease.
In his book of Pardons the Governor
states: "The case was transferred
to Greenwood county in preference
to any other county in the circuit
notwithstanding Greenwood's well
known prejudice in regard to drinking
whiskey and gambling, which to
my certain knowledge among some
of its citizens is hypocritical, yet it
had its weight in this case." He then
proceeds to severely criticise the Supreme
Court of this State and of the
United States for refusing to interfere
with the verdict of the jury.
We think the Governor has done
this County and the jury which tried
that case a great injustice. We did
not ask for the case to be sent here,
' ' * ! 1 il-. ? 1 ^^1.
and tno uovomor uvmeiiiiy mtMioimod
the fact that a jury of Laurens
county, his political stronghold, had
already found Hunter guilty and the
further fact that throe other juries
of tin? same county had refused to
declare him innocent. Then in the
face of those facts why make such an
unwarranted charge against this
county and its jury.
Some of the men on that jury we
do not know personally, but the
greater number of them are known
to the citizens of this county, and it
would require more than the totally
unsupported charge of the Governor
to convince the people of this county
j that it was a hypocritical spirit which
[moved that jury to declare Hunter
guilty. lie shot to death a crippled
man. He had been given four trials
in his home county, and although he
had been represented by strong legal
talent he had never been able to convince
a jury of his fellow citizens of
his innocence. On the contrary one
of those juries had declared him guilty.
lie was given a fair trial in this
county, and the verdict of that jury
represented the truth as they saw it.
The Governor a few days ago stated
that he had never received any
pay, that it was in litigation. We, of
course, know nothing as to this, but
we do know that in the report of the
case of the Chemical ?*o. vs. Hunter
there is the following:
"Cole L. Hlease admits he holds
note and mortgage for one thousand
dollars mentioned in the complaint
and alleges that he is a creditor of G.
Wash Hunter and that the amount of
the indebtedness is one thousand dollars,
and will ho made if deponent
live to render the services he proposes
to hereafter perforin for said
Hunter in the case of State vs. CI.
Wash Hunter now pending in the
Supremo Court of this State and in
other matters." In the same case
Hunter states on oath that some of
the money from several otner large
mortgages over his eight hundred
aero tract of land went for the purpose
of paying attorneys' fees.
Governor Blease pardoned his own
client when live juries of his countrymen
had refused to froo him,
when the Supremo Court of this State
and of the United States had said
they could not interfere, and yet a
few days ago he severely criticised
his opponent because as a member of
the Supremo Court he had felt it his
duty to grant a new trial in a civil
suit where damages had been awarded.
He states that Judge Jones
should have respected the verdict of
the jury regardless of all else, and
yet in the Wash Hunter ease ho more
severely arraigns the Supreme Court
for refusing to upset the verdict. Ho
says he is proud to have freed Hunter
from the oligarchy of the Court, hut
lie must not forget the verdict of a
Jury placed tho case before the Court.
Why should tho verdict of a Jury bo
regarded so sacred In ono caso and
Classified Column
ludian Kunuer Bucks?$1 each. Mua?
aimaker Poultry Farm, Normandy,
Tenn.
Registered I. O. C. pigs, $15 pair;
mated no-akln. Owen Bros., Bedford
City, Va.
Ladles ? Combings made into
switches, chignons. Write Mine
Gates, Norfolk Va.
For Sale?A lew choice high bred
South Down, ram lambs. II. E. Ketchin,
Winnsboro, S. C.
100 Indian Kunner Ducks (Buliurd
Strain)?Pair, $2; trio, $3. Jas. T.
Miller, Hickory, N. C., Route 3.
Mrs. Foiliiio will open Breeze inn,
Station 20, Atlanticville, Sullivan's
Island, for boarders June 1.
Pure llred Essex Pigs, Southdown
Sheep and Angora goats for sale.
H. C. Hargrove, Canton, N. C.
i\ liy not earn $5 to $10 daily? Otlierns
do it with our auto tire specialty.
The Russell Co., Richmond, Va.
Write Is for Special Summer proposition.
Our place will please you.
White Sulphur Springs, Mount Airy,
N. C.
loung Men Wunted tor government
positions. Full Information free.
Eastern Civil Service Schools, Darhy.
Pa.
For Sale?Scotch Collie Pups. By
importtd dog; dam registered.
$7.50 each. H. B. Stewart, Fountain
Inn, S. C.
500 White Pigeons, at 5 0c a pair; no
order taken for less than 10 prs. Dr.
F. D. Kendall, 1 300 Hampton Ave.,
rvi.,??hi? o r*
V U1U1J1UUI, o,
Wauled?Persons lo earn good commissions
getting members for Nests
and Auxiliary Nests. Order of Owls
South Bend, Ind.
harms for Sale?If interested, write
me. I can put you in touch with
bargains. A. It. Price, Florence, S.
C., It. F. D. No. 2.
Marry?Hundreds wealthy members
will marry soon; all ages, nationalities;
descriptions free. Mrs. Wrubel,
Box 26, Oakland, Cal.
Agents Wanted?New proposition;
big profits; quick sales; no limit to
orders you get; write quick; samples
sent. A. L. Gibson, Newark, O.
"Windover"?New house, largo newly
furnished rooms, modern conveniences.
Rates reasonable. Address
Mrs. J. H. Howell, Waynesville,
N. C.
Glenn Springs?The "Garner House",
nearest to spring. Write, phone, or
wire us for rates and full particulars.
Will meet guests at White
Stone.
Wanted--3 0 students Freshman class.
A most practical course in Veterinary
Science. Send for illustrated catalogue,
terms, etc. Address Terre
Haute Veterinary College, Terre
Haute, Ind.
Hoy and Girl Agents?Sell 2 4 puckages
high-grade post cards for us al
10c each and receive a beautiful air
ride or dressed doll free. Write today.
Jesse Richardson Co., Rutherford,
Ala.
Write Us for description of Georgia
Ve rm T n n rlo \X7hnirn f h H n
a ai IU i^auuo. ? u ua?c nit- iincni
lands in the State for sale. Weathers
Realty Co., 130 1-2 Peachtree
St., Atlanta Ga.
Wanted ? Experienced salesmen,
bookkeepers, and stenographers for
direct calls. Great demands for
competent help. Southern Commercial
Bureau, Columbia, S. C.
The Willow Spring?New Country
Home, one-half mile from town;
modern conveniences; Jersey milk;
no consumptives taken. For rates
apply 'Mrs. E. S. English, Brevard,
N. C.
For Sale?One pen each of Rhode Island
Reds and White Rocks (five
birds to pen); all classy breeders;
pen $8: extra hens, $1.50 each. We
need room. Eggs at 5c for July and
August. Standard Poultry Yards,
Lancaster, S. C.
Georgia Farm For Sale?In SouthCentral
Georgia in one of the best
farming counties in the State; one
large and several small ones. Terms
easy if desired. Address Land
Trust Co., (owners), 51G Grant
Building, Atlanta, Ga.
For Sale? Another lot of those tine
Duroc-Jersey pigs now ready for
shipping; the best we have ever had
to offer to the public. Price (eight
weeks old) $7.50. Also some good
service boars, ages 4, 7, and 14 mos.
for reasonable prices. Satisfaction
guaranteed. Address Twittihale
Farm, Heath Springs, S. C.
KAP-AL-GINE
WILL CURE YOUR HEADACHE
Whether sick or nervous, headaclu
or from depression, worry or fatigue
KAP-AL-GINE
Is Liquid and Acts Immediately.
c irc ivn in picivt vo t \ vs
o ?1 l' M1j ii a! I ? ft r t 1 ii m j \/ ? % ? a\
Two Sizes?10c and 25c.
At All Druggists,
free. Mllford Aycock, Plkevllle, N. C
Wilson to Plant Apple Tree.
The famous old apple tree near
Appomattox (Va.) courthouse, under
which Lee surrendered to Grant,
long .since carried away piece by
piece by souvenir hunters, Is to bo replaced
by a tree planted by Governor
Wood row Wilson.
'Pleads for Mother's Murderer.
Mrs. Mary Delpba, of Kokomo,
In?l., went from the grave of hor
mntbor to the sido of her husband.
pleading for his liberty. Tfe was convicted
for the killing of his wife's
mother. Delpha's allegation was that
he fired at a man, but instead of killng
his intended victim, the mother of
Mrs. Delpha received the load of shot
and died.
yet so lightly regarded in another?
The Governor may continue to pardon
his clients when he has failed to
win their freedom before the Juries
of the State, but as often as he attempts
to impugn the motive of honest
citizens in this county in the
faithful discharge of their duty. Just
so long shall wo glvo the record.
Why suffer tt
Aches a
Protect your family?your
Have in your home * bottl
tingle preparation any family
It is ? Pain Remedy as w
application.
a Can be taken safely fc
* diarrhoea, etc
Noah's Liniment is a fln<
coughs, colds, asthma and t
Noah's :
for rheumatism, stiff joints
m sprains, sore muscles and ac
kinds
There h no hetts* remedv.
Be ready for the emergenc
Liniment in your medicine cl<
Best Pain F
and sold by all dealers in mi
25c., 50c., and $1.00.
0 If it isn't satisfactory, go
fcflk for the return of your mo
we want you to have it.
Made in Richmond, Va., by No
orangebUf
.'. FOR BOYS
Preparatory course, Regular i
ing courses, Business Course,
New equipment, enlaged Fac
boys. Rates within the roac
Write for catalogue and othei
W.W.l
PRES
ORANGEBURG
Has since 1894 given "Thorough
influences at the lowest poesib
RESULT: It !s to-day with It*
Its student body of 412, and its pi
f THE LEADING TRAINING
$150 pays all charges for the yea
heat, laundry medical attention, ]
except music and elocution. Foi
? REV. THOMAS ROSSI
BLAC
WOFFORD COLLEGE SIV
A real college with high standard
Excellent equipment. Magniflce
health conditions. Expenses mo
students. Fifty-ninth session he,
alogue.
WOFFORD COLLEGE FI1
a
A high-grade preparatory school
ua 1 attention. $155 pays all exp
A.
J. I
Wise or Otherwise.
Many a married man has a chaperon
in his wife.
Some bachelor quarters really look
i: i - ~ ^ l
imu i ii u iy v;?jiiia.
None are so blind as tliosc who are
visionary.
When poverty cornea in at the door
it never stopa to wipe ita feetThere
is no reason why a man's
wife shouldn't ho a sister to him.
It may ,bc better to have loved and
lost than never to have loved at all.
Some men would rather follow
their own inclinations than be leaders.
Instead of patching up a quarrel
some pooplo would rather make a
new one.
Even the luckiest of us can't always
win a man's friendship in a
poker game.
Lots of people are really more dull
than their sharp features would seem I
to indicate.
? ? ?
Awful Floods in Japan.
Unusually heavy rains and floods
have prevailed on the northern coast
of Japan. Four hundred persons
are missing and are believed to have
perished. Much damago has been
done to crops.
)
lese every day
nd Pains
loved ones?against them. w
le of Noah's Liniment, the best
V can have.
ell as a Liniment for external
>r colic, cramps, indigestion,
5 preparation for sore throat,
oothache. Use
Liniment
, neuralgia, strains,
hes and pains of all ^^T-T^tsssam
y by having Noah's j^K
oset to-day. It is the L=^||gJ
Lemedy mmm
edicine ; three sixes, HE
W> MAW 01 MAST |M
to your dealer and BR
nev. It is voun and 111-^1 I
I **" "sij** IM
ab Remedy Company. hiiHTfiniiH
!G COLLEGE
AND GIRLS
College courses, Teacher TralnMusic,
Art and Expression,
ilities. .Military Feautre for
h of all who want an education. I
r information to
RIVERS
IDENT
S. C.
? j
instruction under positively Christian
>le cost."
i faculty of 32, a boarding patronage of 353
ant worth $140,000
SCHOOL FOR GIRLS IN VIRGINIA
r, Including table board, room, lights, steam
physical culture, and tuition fnal subjects
catalogue and application blank address^.
IR REEVES, B. A., Principal, >
IKSTONE, VA.
UtTANBUKG, SOUTH CAROLINA
llenry N. Snyder, President. '
is of scholarship and character.
;nt New Dormitory. Unsurpassed
derate. Loan funds for worthy
gins September 18. Write for catJ.
A. Gamewell, Secretary.
[TING SCHOOL
Spartanburg, South Carolina.
for boys. Small classes. Individenses.
Next session September 18.
W. Ilorton,
d. Stead man, Associate Masters.
| Mule Killed by a Holt,
Liast Thursday, about ten miles beLow
llranchville, while a negro,
Smart Flinches, was leading his mule
homo just before a shower of rain,
the mule was struck by lightning and \
killed and tho negro stunned. The
bolt ripped the right leg of his trousers
and yet did not leave a scar on
fcls body.
Establish <??me Preserve.
Marsh Island, located In Ibelia
parish and containing about 7 4,000
acres, was bought by E. A. Mcllhenny,
of Avery Island, and will bo added,
so it is understood, to 13,000
acres deeded a few months ago to the
State of Louisiana by Mr. Mcllhenny
and others, to form a great preserve
for wild birds.
?
Americans Arc Easy.
One hundred and twenty million
dollars was fraudulently secured
from tho American people during the
last fiscal year by swlndlors, who operated
largely through tho United
malls, according to a report by Postmaster
General Hitchcock. This was
an increase of approximately $50,000,000
over the previous year.
4