Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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VOL. XI. BILL ARP SAYS COTTON IS STILL KING. UK TKLLS HOW IT WAS FIRST, SPUN. II is Mot Iter Used to Pick Scot! from ' the Iiint?Tlie Advent ol't he Cotton Oin, the Spinning Jenny ami the Power Loom?A Revolution in Commerce ami Manufactures. ? "Cotton is king!" 1 don't know who tirst said that, but it is a fact. It is the most useful and most important product in the world and lias tho most influence on its commerce. I was ruminating about ttiis because of souie I letters of inquiry that from time to time 1 have received concerning cotton. Tho last one from an old friend, Colonel Saxon, says ho cannot learn from tho department at Washington when cotton cloth was first imported to this country. And so 1 will venture a few remarks on tills subject in general, for it is full of remarkablu facts and illustrates the kindness of providence to llis creatures. L'rovidence is always kind and whenever we need anything Lie unlocks another door of llis treasury and says here it is. '1 hero is no doubt at all that tho cotton plant was created "in tho begining,"and with a design for tho use anil benefit of mankind when it should bo needed. At \ tention was attracted to :* away back in the centuries. Four hundred and fifty years before tho Christian era Herodotus wrote about it as a plant bearing lleeces more delicate and beautiful than those of sheep and of tho Indians using it for tho manufacture of cloth. From India it was introduced into Greece and Kome and Caesar used it for his array tents and covered the forum with it. Tho cotton fabrics of tho Hindoos have been excelled only by tho most perfect machinery of mouern times. Wo read of a Hindoo princess who came into a court reception and thoiking said, "Go homo?go home, my cwiul?you are not decently covered"?and she replied, " Father, 1 have seven suits on," but tn y were of cotton muslin so thin and delicate that the king could sec through them. The lamuus inusnns 01 ucn:n, id v^aieuiia, wore culled " webs <>f woven wind," and when a piece was land upon tie dew-covered grass it was not discernible. Imagine the wonder of the fabrics when there was not a spindle, but tin distal) and only a loom that the weaver carried about with him setting it up under a tree and digging a hole in the ground for his feet to work the treadle. But the manufacture of cotti n for the common people was smothered during all these centuries and only wool and llux wore used for clothing. The ancient Kgyptians used it to some extent , spinning it with the distulT and weaving it with the primitive looms, but the p'ant was not cultivated. It was indigenous to that country and ntho fleece was gathered from tho wild stocks. It was not until the tenth century that iho cultivation began and that was by the Moors in Spuju. The Venetians engaged in it in the fourteenth century and the Kuglish in the early part of the eighteenth. But its use was very limited, for tho seed were in tho way. But now comes the evolution of cotton ; tiie revolution that in a few years made it king. Nothing so wonderful has ever transpired in commerce and manufacture. There was a conjunction of tho threo tilings that were necessary to bring about tins revolution : The cotton gin by Whitney in 1798: tho spinning jenny by Arkwright 1787, and the power loom by Cartwright in 1789, all startled tho world about the same time and gave an impulse to the growth and use and manufacture of cotton that was pregnant with great results. Ono of of these results was the tixing of slavery as an institution upon the Southern States. Up to that lime it was not considered either safe or profitable to encourage their importation from tho Northern States. But of course, it took several years for those inventions to bo como generally introduced. My mother told me that an late a* 1818 she used to spend most of the winter evenings picking the seed from the cotton by hand?with half a dozen or more of tho family Borvants bitting in a circle around tho lire. She vied with them in trying to excel in tho quantity seeded. This was in Liberty County of this State, and the cotton was probably the long staple variety. Whitney became involved in interminable law suits and his gin, which was for only the short staple cotton, was not in general use for many years after it was Invented. My father put up tho lirst gin in Gwinnett County in 1828, and seed cotton was hauled to it from all tho adjacent country. Previous to the uso of tho gin it was considered a fair day's work to seed enough to make a pound of lint. Hut the gin with two attendants picked 100 pounds in a day. At that time the old-fashioned spinning wheel was in general uso and a days's work for the spinner was six cuts?a cut being 140 rounds on tho reel, but tho lirst spinning jenny with one attendant did oighty times as much and did it bettor. Lator on it did 2,000 times as much. Tho saving in weaving by tho power loom was in similar proportion and henco it suddenly camo about that ton men could do tho work of ten thousand. Mn u'om I < ?r* tliiit I f itpirruvpu unrl A rlr. wright wcro driven from thoir homes by the spinners and spinstors. Excuse mo for telling the rla just hero that a spinster is tho feminine for spinner and used to mean a marriageable girl who had made herself eligiblo and fittcn to bo married by spinning and weaving enough clo'.h for her own trousseau, iand shoots and covorloti for tho bed and table cloths and napkins for the table. This was tho dowry she brought her husband. Hut those inventors went to Nottingham and put up their mills and made a monopoly of tho business. They and their associates grew rich so fast that they determined to cxcludo all mankind from acquiring a knowledgo of thoir inventions. Tho doors were kopt locked and the operatives sworn to secrecy. Now England tried in va;n to buy tho right and could notcompet j with English yarns. Hut doliYeran;Q was not far off. > MM B % f %v ' * 1. Samuel anil John Slater, who had worked for Arkwright in Kugland for seven years, saw large money on this sldo the water. They camo and brought with them a full knowledge of all throe of the inventions and how to use them and how to build a faotory. Of course thoy met with a warm reception, and in 1800 thoy erected a mill and plautcd a town aud named it Slaterville. Thoy soon made a fortune. When John died ho left his millions to his son and whon John, Jr., got ready to die he bequeathed a million to our Dr. Haygood in trust for the education of tho negroes of the South. It was a gift fit to bo made, for tho fathers and mothers of these negroes grew tho cotton that mado tho Slaters rich. Tho Slaters not only spun tholr yarns, hut wovo them, and tho cloth was called homespun, because it was woven at homo and not brought from England. But, although cotton was now king commercially, it was ranked socially by other fabrics, it was not so beautiful as silk nor so strong as Max nor so warm as wool, and honco for years it was woven only into tho common fabric for the common people. Tho calicos that wore imported from Calicut in Turkey wore spun with a distnlV and woven in tho old-fashioned hand loom. Tho nankeen cloth that came from Nankin in China was made by a similar process. 1 remember that my father, who was a merchant, bought some of that nankeen when 1 was a lad and my mother mado me a of pants and a round jacket out of >c and I was proud and yellow. It was not until the 10's when tho finer fabrics, such us muslins and lawns, were mado of cotton. In 18-12 a machine was invonted of so delicate a nature that a single pound of cotton was spun to a lcngtii of 1,100 miles, una in ip.o some cloth of cqulslte fineness was woven expressly for u dress for the queen of England and was exhibited at the Crystal Palace fair in London in that year. Hut it is still asserted that no machinery has ever surpassed the hand work of the Hindus and that Montezuma presented Corti z with robes of cotton interwoven with feather work that rivaled tho delicacy of the finest painting. Hut notwithstanding the inventions of tho spinning jenny and the power loom, our country peopl continued for years to spin and to weave their own cloth, and the female slaves were made to do so by their masters. The -pinning wheel was the first to surrender and tho factory yarn, or "spun truck, as it was called, came into genetal use along in tho 4h's. In a few years more tho home-made loom had to go, and since tho war the wheel and the loom have ceased their music in tho homes of our people. It was not until after tho close of tho war of 1812 that even the Northern people bought anv cloth from England. Until about 1810 England had none to s> 11 or export, but from that time until 1821 tho exportation increased "cry rapidly and almost paralyzed our New England mills. Hut in that year and in 1828 and 18112 Congress placed a duty of 25 per cent, ad valorem on all English cotton goods, and this protection greatly revived our own manufactures. This tariff was reduced in 1810 and the outside given a fairer chance to compete. Hut cotton is still king?king in tho Southern fields and in the factories anil in the carrying trade of the ocean and in Liverpool and other great markets of the world. Whether we make largo crops or small ones, it is stiil tho greatest factor in tho world's comfort and prosperity. Long live the king ! Bill Ahp. ? . m ONE <>E LINCOLN'S SI OltllS. The Kate ?1' the Mini Wlio Tried to Advertise Gunpowder at Prayer Meeting* The following anecdote by Lincoln is recounted by G< n. Horace Porter in bis "Campaigning witn Grant" in the April Century. It was told during Lincoln's visit to the front at City Point : In the courso of the conversation that evening lie spoke of the improvement in arms and ammunitiion, and of tlie new powder prepared for the 1">ineh guns. Ho said he had never seen the latter article, but ho understood it differed very much from any other powder that had ever been used. I told him that I happened to have in my tout a specimen which hud been sent to headquarters as a curiosity, and that I would bring it to him. When 1 returned with a grain of the powder about tiie si/.) of u walnut, he took it, turned it over in his hand, and after examining it carefully, said : " Well, it's rather larger than the powder wo used to buy in my shooting days. It reminds me of what occurred once in Sangamon' County. You see, there were very few newspapers then, and the country storekeepers had to resort to some other means of advertising their wares. If, for instance, the preacher happened to bo late in coming to a prayer mooting of an evening, the shopkeepers would often put in tht time while the peoplo were waiting by notifying them of any now arrival of an attractive line of goods. "One evening a man rose up and said : Hrothrcn, let mo take occasion to say, while we're a waiting, that I have just received a new inv'ioo of epoetin' powder. The grains are so small you kin aea'cely see 'em with the naked eye, and polished up so tine you kind stand up and comb your ha'r in front of one o' thorn grains jest like it was a look in' glues. Hope you'll come down to my storo at the crossroads and examine that powder for yourselves.' " When ho had got about this far a rival powder merchant in tho meeting, who had been boiling over with indignation at tho amount of advertising tho opposition powder was getting, 'umped'up and cried out: 1 Brethren, I hope you'll not believe a singlo word Brother Jones has boon sayin' about that powder. I'vo been down thar and s ien it for myself, and I pledge you my word that tho grains is bigger than tho lumps in a coal pilo, and any of you, brethren, of you was in yp" future state, could put a,' ..nat powder on your should ..larch Mjuar' through tho / \ . .s flames I surroundin'you wit ,d. ?.iC least, danger of an explosion.''' r MMBM??m??~fl i I MT iV. JKI?iifc . ?? CONWAY GREAT FLOOD IN THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER. THHKATKN'KI) OVKIIFDOW OP TOWNS AND CHIPS. All Previous ltecortls arc BrokenDestruction, SudurliiK ami Death in tlio Plootletl Districts? Historic Biwilu < .. It.. ......... ..? ?? anin^ui w? ncin^ OWrjH Away. Nkw Orleans, La., March 30.?In the next few days the greater part of the Yazoo Delta, the fertile land* along the Mississippi, and containing a population of 1">0,U00 persons, will be under water after the most desperate light ever made against the mighty river. The Yuzoo Delta levees wore supposed to bo the strongest and best in the river, having resisted numerous tloods. For the past lew weeks 10,000 men have been ait work; on them. The State of Mississippi lent the people all the assistance in its'posvor, and sent the j penitentiary convicts to the levees to help held them, and the Illinois Central and other railroads gave their aid also. Up to Sunday it was believed that the levees could be held, but on Sunday the lirst break occurred at Dectlisld plantat'on, seven miles below Greenville. Yesterday followed a second break at Perthshire. Last night and to-day two more are nearly opposite Arkansas City, at Mound and Slop's Landing. These crevasses are now each from 1,000 to 12,tlot) feet wide, and pouring a stream nearly as large as the Hudson into the Yuzoo delta. The water from the three crevasses have met in one volume, and are now pouring over plantation after plantation and emptying into the Sunllower and Yuzoo rivers. The Inhabitants are lleeing for their lives, leaving all behind. Cuttle, horses and other live stoek are drowning by the thousands, and houses and barns are Hnincr WHsihml !i vv u v 1?U<? ft iwiwvil It is ostimuted thut fully *2,000 people are already home less and ;it the mercy of charity. The waters have already reached fifteen miles inland, and tlu destruction of hundreds of more farm houses is inevitable. Harvey Klermer and two sons, who att-mptcd to save some stock, hud their boat overturned and were drowned. It is also reported that Mrs. John Marshall and a son, who were alone in a hut two miles from the break, were unable to escape und were drownt d. The historic plantations of JelTersoti Davis and his brother, Joseph Davis, six miles below Vicksburg, are doomed to become a sea of water and destruction. Sixty-two miles bi low Vicksburg, is the historic plantation of (Jenoral Zachuriah Taylor. With the threatened rise of three more feet it will bo a total ruin. The household goods aro being removed and the stoek driven to places of safety. The little church upon the plantation, in which JelV Davis was married to General Taylor's daughter, is threatened with destruction. Th water has surrounded it to tho depth of two foot. Jackson, March .'10. ? From the great Yazoo delta comes u wail of distress und the cry of " tho levees have broken" is heard throughout our valley of the Nile. Three fresh breaks have been reported today and through these immense volumes of water are carrying destruction to thousands of happy Homes and devastating as K rtilo a territory as is to bo found on tho globe. So far no loss of life exeopt to domestic animals has been reported, but it, may be by moi ning, as the great mounds of earth which protect the nourishing cities of Grc envillo, Ruscdaio, Stoncville, Areola, Friar's Point, Rolling Fork and others aro watersoaki d, mushy and liable to givo way at any moment. 'n... t 1 i. * 1^ ? i nu luur uri'UKsi nmt nave occurreu have flooded, or will Hood before rt aching the Yazoo, perhaps a week hence, the counties of Bolivar, Washington, I Sharkey, Yazoo and portions of others in which are comprised the finest cotton farms in the world. In this overflowed district, the Statu has leased eight plantations, upon which with her good, able-bodied eonvicfa she was preparing to make another crop of cotton and corn, tho latter being in lino condition. The greatest concern is for tho city of Greenville, which, situated as it is, in the hollow of a crescent formed by tho bond of the river and surrounded by it on two sides would bo wiped out of existence should u break occur in the immediate vicinity. Tho streets of tho city are 12 feet below the summit of tho levee, so that a break once formed, there would bo no way of slopping tho Niagara, and every house in tho place would be swept from its.foundations and the romaing inhabitants hurled into eternity. Fearing such a catastrophe, thoso who could have migrated to the hills, but thousands still remain. Tho breaks that occurred today are both above and below Grconvlllo, !."> and 2."> miles above, so that the water will pass to tho rear of the city. Tho streams on tho delta all How from the river and down the opposite side of the valley. Tho topographyjof the country is level but sloping- east, away from the river for 40 miles in some places to tho Yazoo, and it is down this stream tho overllow water must go to again reach the Mississippi, 75 or 100 miles euuiiu in wiiuro it nau ion it. i nousanus of people, whito unci black, still line the levees and aro making a desperate elTort to hold what remains. It is a life and death struggloand for this reason there is no rost night or day. The quostion has been asked today, .doos it pay to maintain the groat levee system and old farmors (lecture it does not. that lifoand business were more certain 40 years ago when no ono exfiected anything hut an overflow and prepared for it. Though the Federal government has been most liberal in appropriations to tho lovoes, the planters of the delta have spent millions more in perfecting tho present system. Kvory halo of cotton produced in this great delta pays a tax of $1, which creates a largo sum annually for levee purposes. There are doubtless many who aftor this will be convinced that this $1 per bale might te more profitably oxpon led. H <wevor, tho crisis is on t might snd by morning it is probable several other breaks will have ooourrcd. Tho water r * S. O. THURSDAY, /> Is reported higher thun ovor before known from Memphis lo Vlcksburg. Jackson, Miss., April I.?A dispatch from Greenville says : Ltoports come hourly from ail points in the Hooded districts show the situation is rapidly growing worse. There are now some 2o towns and villages more or less over 11 )wed. Greenville will get considerable wilier, perhaps not as much as in 1800, perhaps more, li is all a matter of conjecture. Tho bottom lands are full VPI nniur iruui rums ocioro UIO urcUKS occurrod. The city is now un island, situated in a wilderness of water, which surrounds it ou every sido. As yet the water is not in sight of the town, but is at tho it'unton Kin, half a mile north, and at the Montgomery place two miles south. Black havou, Williams' bayou, Doer creek and Fish lake ar e all out of their banks. A meeting of tho city council is being held at this writing at the mayor's ollico to take tho necessary step! toward tho safety of the people, and for such relief as can be atTordod to too llood suborers. CONSTAltlilOS TO lib TltllCI). ' The Suits Against T' ? Cm- Pair, ages in Sei..!ug l..t|uor I nlawTiilly Will Now tie Tried. Judge Sir'onton has filed a decision in the lJnit> d States Circuit Court, in which he has refused tho motion made by Assistant Att rrney CJoneral Townsend to set aside tho order of arrest against iLu Stati constables charged with seizing liquor in transit. It will ho recollected that Judge Simonlon issued an order for the arrest of Constables Scott and Hurling for seizing a shipment of liquors consigned to Mr. Herkowitz. A few days later a si milur order was issued against Constables darling and Koaeh for capturing whiskey imported by William Bockroge, which ho claimed was for personal use. This was also seized before it had been delivered to the consignee. The plain till' Bcekrogo, in the complaint tiled on his behalf, stated that lie hail shinned to his own luliln sMfr.nn Savannah, Ga., to Charleston, S. C., a trunk containing two caseb of Hhino wine, four gu.lous <?f whiskey, two gallons of California port wino, two bottles of inalt whiskey, products of a State ot her than thu Stale of South Carolina, f>00 cigars, four dozen oranges, ight leans of poaches and one pair of line dress shoes. All of these intended for a wedding festival, his own marriage, at Charleston on the night of 27th January, 1807. That the goods reached Charleston ou the evening of tho 2tith l January, and that tho defendants unlawfully, etc., ontrrod tho ollioo of the Southern Express Company, In the city of Charleston, upon arrival of goods in the city in duocOurscof transportation, and while said goods were in the custody of tho express company in course of transportation, and before delivery thereof to tho consignee, etc., took and carried away the same. Tho decision of Judge Simonton says the defendants put up as their defenso that they were acting as State constables. '"The question," bays the court, "is whether such defer so protects the constables," and recites tho dispensary law as to under what conditions tho constables may make seizures. The opinion of t ho Supreme Court in tho case of Donald against Scott is referred to to show where tho conflict with tho constitution of tho United States comes in. Hence, tiro acts of tho defendants, In I taking tho Ueekrogo liquor out of the possession ol a common carrier, the express company, was not one of the duties which the constables eould perform under tho dispensary act, although it was urged at tho hearing of the oaso that tho constables, tho defendants, acted under orders of the ??>.?.. i. ir -ii.i -- i uiiivu uiiiuiuin, ii uiu KIV,J bUOli orders, for whieh there was no authority. The Virginia coupon case, that of I'oindoxtor against CJroenlow, is cited in supportof tliedecision. Othercases are also cited to show tiiat action against the defendants was not against the State, because it cannot bo claimed that State constables are exempt from arrest for crime, or any act they may commit, while they are constables, because the dispensary act cannot so exem pt. Consequently, when a seizure of property in transit, in the hands of a common carrier, has hoen declared by tho highest authority, tho Supreme Court, clearly unlawful, it cannot be excused by the dispensary law. Kvery citizon is protected in his property; no man can violate his rights with impunity. The defense stands upon tho absolute immunity from judicial inquiry of every ono, who asserts authority from the executive branch of tho government, however clear it is that the executive possessed no such power. Tho attorney general contended that tho mode of arrest was only provisional, and for special cases ; that tho Legislature can direct to what cases such arrests shall apply. Admitted, but tho Legislature, says tho decision, cannot say to what persons it shall not apply. All persons uro entitled to tho same protection. How else can principles of individual liberty and right bo maintained, if when violated the judicial tribunals art forbidden to visit penalties upon individual offenders. Such doctrine is not to bo tolerated : tho wholo frame and scheme of tho political institutions of this country, Stato and Federal, protost against it. It is the doctrinoof absolutism, pure, Ulmftln u n/1 na lro/1 ?? r?/l r\t I-.? 0I>U|MU uuu Iiuni.u, nuu Wl liUlll 111 II II mill which is its twin, tho double progeny of tho same evil birth. Tho motion to vacate tho order ol arrest is refused. This decision enables tho prosecutor for damages to go on with his suit and rocover if ho can. ?Spain is in desperate straits over her two robelliojs children?Cuba anil tho Philippines?says Tho Chicago Inter Ocean. Cuba has cost her $200, 000,000 theso last two years. Spain'* monthlv war expenditures is $16,000, 000. llor people are patriotic, bui strapped, and London and Paris art not loaning on what Spain was, but or what Spain is. Thirty relief oxpedi tions have reached the insurgents, an, the end is not yet. rV?. i *WfM, ?~fl ( r# ^ PR 11_ Q, 1B^7. JOHN WiLKtS B00I HA COMMON ASSASSIN no iikkoikm in 11 is? l)Ki<;i>. floury Watlcrnou Talks Willi Iiitcrest A hunt the .Slayer of Lincoln ? llollns No l>uiiht thai lloolli Was Killed. Smith Clayton in Atlanta Journal. Talking with Mr. llonry Wattorson tho other day, I put tins question to him : " Do you tliitik that in tho coming generation the descendants of tho men who now exeerato the memory of Abraham Lincoln will look upon John Wilkes Hooth as a Brutus ?" " Never," said he, " there was nothing of tho Brutus about Booth, lie was a sti oiling player, who became worked up tho l.ord only knows why, and brooded over matters until in a moment of desperation lie killed Lincoln." "Booth," continued he, " was nothing hut a common atsussin. lie belongs to tho eliibs of assassins, to which KavaiLae, who killed Henry the IX ol Kr-'nce, tho man who killed tho Duke lie Herri in Paris, and Uuiteau, who killed (larlield, belonged." "Vou don'tuthink, then, that Booth's motive was patriotism, as ho understood it?" "Oh, no, 1 do not. I think that ho was incapable of rising to that height. He was morbid, lie may have thought that the killing of Lincoln would do the South good, but I doubt even if that strongly influenced him. As a matter of (aet the killing of Lincoln' bonetited nobody, nor any section. It was the work of a man, incapable of realizing the enormity of tho crime which ho had set out tocoiumit." ' Booth if id not know what he was doing then ?" "Oh, I don't say that. He evidently knew that he was killing a man?knew that that man was President Lincoln ?what I mean to say is, that ho had no clear conception of his tremendous uct ?no conception, whatever of what might ho the awful consequences of that act." " He had weighed it, had ho not?" ' W..H i... n...i ;- .. morbid way. ills heud was full of the idea of killing Lincoln, but tho condition of hits brain oil tho subject was confused, mixed." " How do you account for tho way in which ho did it?the> dramatic feature ?" " As 1 have said, Booth was a strolling playoi. lie had tho dramatic instinct. It was natural for him to be showy in anything ho did, after the manner of his profession. This, I think, accounts for tho tirrto and oe eusion selected for tho assassination, the circumstances surrounding it." " Didn't ho sliow bravery Y" " No, not bravery?but desperation. It was not tho cool, deliberate act of a bravo man. It was tho act of a man made desperate by brooding over im alined wrongs. Lincoln hud done nothing to deserve death at Booth's hands?but in his foolish desperation Booth imagined that Lincoln was playing the tyrant?but, as a matter of fact, no character in history was further from tyranny than Lincoln. " He was tho friend of tho vory section, the South, which Booth fancied that he represented when he killed him. it was the very worst act that could huvu been committed for the South. " Bootli could not see this?and his folly brought buttering on tho people who would never have ii.d trsod such a causi less k 111 mg." "Booth had nothing personal against Lincoln V" "Nothing that I have ever hoard." " He must have had a motive?wiiat was it Y" " Ho had no motive. Ho simply imagined that he hail a motive. That is my view." " His mind was not sound then ?" " I think not. He was insane on tho subject of killing Lincoln. I think that he inherited this mental infirmity from his father, .Junius Brutus Booth. iic was not, ai .vays at liiiiiooir." "It 18 said that ho imagined nt times that ho was Richard tho Third ?but J have never heard that ho was a crazy man ?" " No?not exactly a lunatic?but unsound in a certain direction?his mind was subject to ahorration, which unbalanced it for tho time. I think that John Wilkes I tooth inherited this mental peculiarity from his father? and that his mind was not altogether sound when lie killed Lincoln." " If that ho true, Booth was not responsible for his act?" " i'erhaps not?hut nothing could have saved him, I Imagine, so wrought up was tho public mind against him. Though if ho had been captured, instead of killed, wo don't know what would have been done with him." "Thochances arc that, likcGuitoau, ho would havo boon hanged ?" " I suppose so." " Many people think Booth is still living?do you ?" " Why, no, I havo novor had tho slightest doubt that lie was killed. Doctor May, who know Booth from his boyhood up?know him intimately? examined tho body most minutely after it was brought to Washington [lis conclusion was, 'This is John Wilkes Booth.' " That, in itself, was onough to convince mo and everybody olso that Booth wus killed. Tint lot 1110 give you another strong and interesting reason for thinking him dead. "John Surratt, ho continued, "a country boy, was sitting in a restaurant in?not Rochester?what's that other place up that way ?" " Syracuse V" "Yes, Syracuse, New York. John 1 Surratt was sitting in thero eating his breakfast, lie picked up a paper and there wus un un/>niini. ?.h? ajM^iuutnu. tion of Lincoln. I " 'This is no place for mo,' exclaimed > Surratt. " Ho took tho train and it was not j lon?' before he was in Canada. lie . crossed the ocean as soon as ho could I, catch a vessel, and went to Koine whero 5 ho joined tho I'apal Zouaves. Ilo dci atroyod ids identity about as completo ly as it could bo destroyed. Ho could I not have chosen a shrewder way of hiding from tho government. And a i. im?MB MMNHMMMMMWI'iVMIfl < MMMMMMMI DjjGiin I POWffiEl Absolutely Pure. Celebrated for it-* groat leavening strength ami boa Ithfnlnrss. Assures tin: food against alum and all forms of adulteration common t > the cheap brands. KOYAL 13AKING I'OWDKI! CU., Now York yet the United States government forrotcd liini out in short order and ho was brought back to Washington. " Now, John Snrratt was an obscure individual. lie was an unknown. Booth was a well known man. There was nothing about Snrratt to attract a second glance. Booth was not only a handsome man, ho was a very striking looking man. Ho would havo attracted attention In any crowd. "If Snrratt, an unknown, was caught Ut. ? lw, ..in ...? <1.1 Vl> i?w?l I IMIK IIV Ml I|llll Kiy HIIU so easily, although ho hud lied to a foreign country and sunk his identity completely, there is no eorner ??f the globe in which Mouth. a well known and very striking man, could havo successfully hiddon for any length of time." " Ueincinhor, though, that Mouth was an actor, understood the art of ' make-up' and that it was part of his profession to change his identity V" " I rcinembor all that. And still say that I care not how artistically he may have chunked his appearance nor how many times. I care not how often ho may have destroyed his identity, nor in how many places. "Chaugo of name, chungo of appearance, constant changing of place, I do not believe would have saved him. "So alert, so determined was this government," said he, " so active, so numerous and so skilled its detectives, and so thoroughly in sympathy were other governments in tie; search that Mouth would have been caught. " Tho world was hunting for Mouth. There was no corner of it in which he could hide." ?i - M( lvlM.KY 18 A IM'IMOCIiAT. The Simplicity Now Killing at the While House OIVuii:1h the fashion able Society in Washinglon. Senator Tillman, on a recent visit to the White House, is said to have remarked that tho I'resident at least has Democratic ways, which excited itis admiration as being preferable to tho customs prevailing under the Cleveland administration. This difference is attracting much attention in Washington, and tuo ful owing statement describes the situation us seen by a correspondent: President McKinley's Democratic informality in regard to many of thos* matters hedging about his olllciul position is decidedly in marked contrast to tho rigid formality with which matters of utl'.ciai etiquette were treated during the last administration. This is shown perhaps in no wnj more openly than in the matter of going out for a drivo. On Sunday the I : ' . ;.. i r i a v niuuiiu (Miu /rd r. i?4* l\ UJIUJT WOIJl HM I u drive in their open caivlugo, accompanied by tbo hitter's aunt, Mrs. Saxton. Tbo elect of fashionable society wore duly horrified to observe that the President, contrary to precedent, s?at with It lb back to the horses. According to I 'residential etiquette, as inaugurated by the late President Arthur, and always strictly adhered to by President Cleveland, this should not have boon. !t seems there s a regular Ironclad rule, which stipulates that the President of the United Slates must reverse the rule of etiquette the world over for private individuals. The President must always enter a carriage first, even taking precedence of his wife. Moreover, he must occupy the seat of honor on the right. Further, the President should be the the first to alight from his carriage. When there are other ladies in the carriage with him the wife of the President should occupy the seat beside him, and invariably the other occupants should sit with their back to the horses. However, each Pros ident may make his own etiquette. 4 Nice customs courtesy to great K ings." Mrs. McKinley follows the I'resident in this agreeable informality as regards the reception of callers at the White House. Just at present there has been no special person delegated to the duty of answering tho many notes that pour in on her, requesting that a special time ho set for culls upon tho " First Lady in tho Land." This accounts for tho fact that not a few of those desirous of this honor have so far failed to receive replies to their notes. Kvory ono now understands that Mrs. MeKlnley is far too groat invalid to uttompt to conform to tiio arduous social duties of the White | House. Therefore, when Mrs. MciKlnley is not feeling sufficiently well to receive company, even though she may havo inado appointment with certain of the oilicial and unofficial set to do so, she goes out for a drive instead of remaining indoors. To the doorkeeper is entrusted the duty of informing the disappointed ones tiiat Mrs. McKinloy's health rendered It imperative for her to go for a drive and til us cancel the social engagements for the afternoon. Mrs. Olney, Mrs. John G. Carlisle and Mrs. Harmon, who have, of course, been duly drilled in the strict rules of official etiquette requ red of observance by his Cabinet from the ox| l'rcsident, recently wrote tnat Mrs. McKinley set a time at which they . r J ** ^ NO 5. might cull upon her. Through sorao chance tho replies to those notes failed to rcuoh the three Cabinet ladles mentioned. Tliis, however, did not deter them from calling at the White House. Mrs. Kohert McKoo, daughter of exPresident Harrison, was among tho. callers by special appointment last Friday, with several members of tho ultra-society set, and was disappointed at not Booing Sirs. McKlnley. Tho President's wife had felt unequal to remaining Indoors for social duties, and so wont for a drive with the I'rcsidont und u party of frlonds to witness tiie drill ut Kurt Myer. ( Ol N I KY >1 MUTUANTS Should know that there is nothing that sells so well as tin article that you can guarantee to give satisfaction to your customers. Suoli an article is KICK'S CiOOSK (.?UK ASM LlNlM10NT. It cures all aches and pains in man or beast?Scratches, Ulngbono, Swinney, and all ailments needing a First Class Liniment. N't) CI'UK, NO I'AY, Is tho motto of tho (Joose Grease people. Don't forgot we are wholesale agents for (jOOSK (iUKASK I.INIMKNT. Try I'almetto ijlver l(<-guluLor. ltlUJCK DoSTKlt. ?Tlio ('onfederate soldiers' monument at I.'etisaeola, Florida, boars oa one side of its fuees this inscription ; " .lolTerson Davis, l'resldont of the Con federate States of America. Christian -Soldier? Statesman? I'atrlot. The only man in our nation without a country, yet twenty million people mourn his death." M rs. A. I nveon, residing at TllO lieury St., Alton, ill., bUtTcrcd witli sciatic rlieumatisin for over eight months. S.io doctored for it nearly the whole of this time, using various remedies recommended by friends, and was treated by the physicians, but received lion lief. She llien used one und a half hollies of Chamberlain's I'ain II.um, which elTocted a complete cure. This is published ut licr request, us she wauls others similarly aillictcd to know what cured her. Tho 2o and cent sizes for sale by Dr. 10. Norton, Druggist. ? It W J k 11 1 < 1 annm n lien m 1 Ci . ? I . v < wu>\( ov^ui uuon i vi bt; cuitbU null a man who burns down Ilia own house la not guilty of arson, yot such la tho case in South Carolina coiuiuod law, utul u recent Supremo Court doclalon has disclosed that according to law a man can wilfully dcatroy his own property by lire. Americans aro the most inventive people oil earth. To them have been issued nearly 000,OUU patents, or more than one-third of all the patents issued in the world. No discovers of modern years has been of greater bum lit to mankind than Chamberlain's Colic, Cholera and Diarri usa Kemedy, or has done more to rclicvt J.iuln and eulVcring. J. VV. Vaughn, of Oaaton, Ky., says: ' 1 have ust d Chamberlain's Colic, Choieraund Dihrrl.u i It nu-dy in my family for several years, and lind it to bo the b -st medicine I ever u?ed for o amps in the stomach and bowt Is." For sale by Dr. 10. Norton, Druggist. ? it is said that alcohol is good to lake out spots, it will certainly knock the spots out of a man's pockctbook in t me. A good recommendation for Simmons Liver Itegulator is, that it is purely vogetubio and strongly tonic. Then too, it is Hotter than I'uis because easier to take in liquid or powder and svith no grping, while the relief from Constipation, Biliousness, Sick ileaduciie und dyspepsia, is quick and sure, "i lind Simmons Liver U< gulator a very safe and valuable family medicine."?Kcv. J. M. iloilins, Fairliold, Va. More Curative Power Is contained in a bottle of Hood's Sarsaparil latiian in any other similar preparation. it costs the proprietor and manufacturer more. It cost the jobbar more and it is wortli more to the consumer. it has a record of cures unknown to any other preparation. It is the bent to by because it is the Ono True Hlood I'urilier IK)OD'S I'lLLS aro tho best family cathartic and liver medicine. Cciitlc, reliable, sure. ?Tho South Dakota Legislature has just voted by a good majority to submit u woman sutTragc amendment. About live years ago a similar amendment was submitted in South Dakota and beaten, but tlie South Dakota women aro eager to try it again. IV rhaps, says the Boston Transcript, they remember that in Kansas the woman solfruge amendment got only 0,000 votas wlion submitted for tho first time, ?/v.w.i../wl I*- n/ui ? * ? .JUU H>liUIYi:U M,UVI vubus w11011 bulyiiiittod for tho second. THE BEST SPRING MEDICINE is Simmons liver Regulator. Don't forget to take it. Now is the time yom need it most to wake' up your L.iver. + sluggish l.iver brings on Malaria, Fever and Ague, Rheumatism, and many other ills which shatter the constitution and wreck health. Don't forget the word REGULATOR. It is SIM,HONS LlVtiR REGULATOR you want. I he word RlXJ* Ul.ATOR distinguishes it from ail odior remedies. And, besides tins, SIMMONS I.IVER REGULATOR is a Regulator of vAe I iver, keeps it properly at work, that yoeff system may be kept in good condition. I OR THIS HLOOD take SlMMONB I.IVF.R REGULATOR, it is the best blood purifier and corrector. Try it and note the difference. Look for the RED X >n every package. You wont find it on any other medicine, and there is no othw ..iver remedy like SIMMONS LlVQU REGULATOR the Kingot Liver Remedies. He sure you get it. J* U. ZclMu & Co-, VhilttdclpWi*, Po* / '. ?*