Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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'j.'T'' * ifcf Slihoi 11 fNO. 1.1U. » >I<. Til. NO. 361.f AIKEN. S. C., THURSDAY, JANUARY 10, 187H. $2.00 per Annum, in Advance. tin need, tbongl i in the :.Ha bl&d^ wind^ la Urge as earth and rich aa heavenT ?. port tuot, oh, man to whom v . A gift ahall fall, while yet on earth ; T Yes, even to thy eeven-fold birth HocalUt in the Uvea to come. . ho hri'OdH above a wrong in thought ‘ ;iinach ; but greater ain ia hia *y. fed and clothed with kindneaaea, ifjcOhnt the holy alma aa nought. 7hoAarea to curae the hands that bleaa Shall know of ain the deadliest coat; The patience of the heaven ia lost Beholding man's unthankfulneaa. For he who breaks all laws may still A In Sivam’a mercy be forgiven ; ; ;V-. -Tut none can Save in earth or heaven T** - ' '»retch who answers good with ill. enc half rounc posite wall. I a#' 4 A- One in the Room. Elijah Croly, my husband, was own- and captain of a coasting vessel, * , r>'‘T a good trade; and we occupied an old fashioned aud somewhat dreary house at Stepney. Elijah liked the place more . ' hon I did, and it was on his account that we stayed there so long. I thQught it could make very little difference to him where we lived, for he was at home only two or three weeks out of every ten. - • I was often alone two months at a time; . and lonely enough it was sometimes. ** Get some one whom you like to stay with you my dear,” the captain said, when I told him one day how unpleasant I felt to be alone so much. “Get any one you please, and before long I hope I shall be able to stay at home with you myself.” I took his advice, and after some in quiry, I found a woman who I thought would suit me. Her name was Emily Saqd 8 , she was a pleasant-faced woman of about forty. She told me she had been left a widow with no means, and had since earned her living by needle-work; aud although I had intend ed that the woman who came every morning to do my housework should still come, I found Emily so handy and so willing that I soon discontinued the services of the other. She was so ami able and so virtuous, that I was satisfied that I had done the best that I could do injthe matter. “I hope so,” he said doubtfully. “And don’t you think so ?” I asked. “ Well, no,” he replied. “ Now, Fd like to know why, Elijah. Do you see anything wrong about her ?” ! **I can’t say that I do; £ presume it | is only a notion; but I have in some way ; conceived a kind of distrust of her face. | I can’t explain it, and you had better not be prejudiced by it.” “Yon may be very sure I shall not,” I rejoined. “ if it has no more foundation than this.” And this was all that was said between us on the subject. I was too well ac quainted with the captain’s sudden whims, to attach much importance to this one. The captain remained at home this time barely two weeks. On the morn ing that he left to take his vessel for another trip, just after he had takeu up his hat to go, he called me into his chamber, and shut the door. “ Here is something, Fanny,” he said, “ that I want you to keep safe for me till I come back. ” And he took a paper package from his breast-pocket as he spoke. “ There are ten fifty-pound notes in it—five hundred pounds in all. I will lock it up here in this bureau- “er, and give you the key.” And he “No one would think of com- J^aere for money.” “ Do you think you had better leave it here, Elijah ?” I asked. “Why not put it in the bank ?” “ I mean to; but I shall not have time. The money was only paid me last But no matter, the money will e where it is, aud there will be no »• about it ; or if you don’t think A'* nay deposit it yourself.” y _nsband took little thought of possibility, and I presume that he never once thought of money from the time he left the house until he returned. As for myself, I was not so easily sat isfied. I had heard enough of house '^ienngs and outrages of that kind g in my pocket to safe. I felt no ’st cured myself of my it seemed as if that aauger of its custody, upon me. In the impa- moment I turned, my chair <} looked towards the op- The shade that I placed over the lamp eonfimJ its rays within a small circle, beyond which the bed, the furniture, the carpet, and the wall paper were obscure. In the corner, to the right of the door, was an antique, high- backed chair, a favorite piece of furni ture. As I turned my own chair from the bureau, my eyes rested on this ob ject ; and I saw by the same glance that a human figure was sitting in it! I could not at first make out whether it was a man or fl woman; I only became conscious, as I sat in bewildering, dumb, terror, that I was confronted by a stranger there in that semi-darkness—by some one who had hidden in the room for some object; and what that object was I well knew. No person who has never been placed in such a terrifying situation as that can describe the sicken ing feeling which for a moment takes possession of the heart; and I can only say for myself that I sat motionless for a time—I knew not how long—thinking of my helpless situation. There I was locked up in a room alone with a ruffian, waiting, trembling, and expecting to hear him speak, or become the object of some violence. For although, as I have said, I could not distinguish whether it was man or woman, I did not doubt that it was the former, and one of the most desperate of his kind. And presently, as my eyes fell to the floor, I saw a great pair of boots thrust out upon the carpet within the radius of the light. I do not know how long we sat there in the semi-darkness of the room, facing each other, but motionless and silent; it might have been three minutes or thirty. The thought of alarming Emily suddenly occurred to me, and I reached out for the beli-cord. It should have been with in easy reach of the spot where I sat; but my hand failed to find it. A low chuckle came from the occu pant of the old chair. “That was a clever thought of you, missus,” came forth in a deep, rough voice, and in a tone of easy insolence. “Clever thought, marm ; but bless your simple soul, do you think I was going to leave that ’ere cord there for yon to make a noise with ? Not by no means. It’s well to be careful when you’re in this kind of business, marm ; and when you left me alone here before—I then being under the bed, you see—I crawled out and took a survey of the place. ” My strength was returning; I became reassured as I saw that the man intended no violence to myself. “ What do you want ?” I asked. He chuckled again aud replied : “Now that’s good ; you’re a business woman, marm ; you come light to the point without any nonsense. I’m going to tell you what I want.” He rose from the chair as he spoke, and crossed the room to the bureau, passing so close to me that his boots brushed the skirt of my dress. I shud- ! dered and drew my chair back—I could i not help betraying my fear. “ Be quiet, marm,” he sai J. “ I don’t ! mean to hurt you, if I can help it. Keep still, and I won’t. Let’s have a look at ; each other.” He removed the shade, and looked at me for full half a minute, as I sat in the j glare of the lamp. He was a large, , brawny fellow, full six feet high, and 1 dressed in an old suit of fustian clothes. His face was entirely concealed by a crape mask ; not a feature of it could I see, from his neck to the crown of his head. He leaned one arm upon the bureau, and regarded me attentively. “ You don’t know me, ” he remarked, in an ordinary tone. “ No, of course , not; it’s best for you that you shouldn’t. I thought at first there was something familiar in your face ; but I fancy I was mistaken. Well, to business, marm.” And he assumed a sharp tone, and looked carefully at the bureau. “I’ve got a pistol here, missus ”—and he slap- i ped his pocket; “but you’re too sen sible a woman, I take it, to make me use it on you. I want that money. I “There’s five hundred pound of it in ! this drawer ; yon have the key—give it , to me!” I handed it to him without a word. “ I’ll leave you now in a minute, large missus,” he said, rapidly inserting the I I nodded my head. I knew that the One Way of Oarring a Tnrkey. vessel named was the last one that my There is nothing a young unmarried husband had sailed on the ocean before man likes better than to go to dinner at he bought his own coaster; in fact, it ! the house of a married friend and to be was the same in which I cam*- to Eng- asked to carve the turkey. He never 1 carved a tnrkey in his life, and with an i “ And this is Captain Croly’s money ? old maid on one side of him, watching this is his house ?—you are his wife?” - him closely, aud on the other side a fair PROM FOUNDER TO TRAMP. in he asked, rapidly, giving mo no time to answer his questions. “Yes, yes—I see it all. Great God !—to think what I was just about to do!” girl for whom he has a tenderness, he feels embarrassed when he be gins. First he pushes the knife down towards one of the tlngh-jointe. He ; warned, but Vis clothes were He dropped into the nearest chair, can’t find the joint, and he plunges the apparently faint with emotion; but knife around in search of it until he while I sat in deep surprise at the unex- : makes mincemeat out of the whole quar- pected turn that this affair had takeu, I ter of the fowl. Then he sharpens his he said. “You have no reason to fear knife and tackles it again. At last,while now; I will not rob you; I will not harm j making a terrific dig, he hits the joint you. Only don’t make a noise. Please j suddenly, and the log flies into the open the door, and yon will find Jane— maiden lady’s lap, while her dress-front your woman, I mean—waiting in the , is covered with a shower of stuffing, passage. ’ , Then he goes for the other leg,and when lobeyed; I did not know what else the young lady tells him he looks to do. I unlocked and opened the door;, warm, the weather seems to him sudden ly to become 400 degrees warmer. This leg he finally pulls loose with his fingers. He lays it on the edge of the plate, and ing, I have no doubt, for a signal from while he is hacking at the wing he and there, to my astonishment, stood Emily Sands arrayed in her bonnet aud shawl, with a bundle in her hand—wait- to make me afraid to keep this w amount with me. My uneasiness in- key, turning it, and opening the drawer, 'teased as the day wore on ; and about “with many thanks for your good be- three o’clock the same afternoon, I took havior. Is this it? the money and went to the bank, de- He took out the package, and held ruined to deposit it. The bank was ^ U P- A>T l; all the banks were closed, for it “ That is the money,” I said. t Mkaee iage home again, re- * ie bureau-drawer, locked ^f-^he key in my pocket, and Ived luat L would not e about it. she drank her tea and latted in her vivacious “ She might deceive me, after all,” I heard him mutter; and thrusting his forefinger into the end of the envelope, he ripped it open, and pulled the end of the notes out into sight. “ Yes, here it is. Now ” He had thrust the package into his pocket, aud was about to close the drawer, when his eye was caught by something within it. He started, thrust his hand into the drawer, and, taking rather long, and out an object that I was well acquainted gather in the dining- with, he bent over aud scrutinized it, f d)le was cleared, she holding it closer to the lamp. How I -aid I listening, as was did wish that I could see the expression our eustom. When the clock struck ten of his face at that moment! He held in » e laid down her book ; and I took my his hand an ivory miniature of my hus- amp, and bidding her good night, went band’s face, a faithful picture, made by up o my room. an artist years before, at my request. My chamber occupied the whole front “ Whose face is this ?” the robber de- ^ ie 8ecout l story, and Emily had a manded, in a voice that trembled with back room upon the same floor. A bell-! eagerness. worry any y called me to tea in -i>ttle while, ani^though not hungry, I went into the dining-room and sat with her while laughed and cl way. The evenii t Emily and I st com after the ^reading aloud, ore v ire ran from my room to hers, so that I could summon her at pleasure. I placed the lamp upon- the bureau, shaded it, and returaed and closed the door. Then I drew my easy chair to the middle of the room, put on my slippers, « ul sat down for a few minutes before i Mring. And immediately I became vexed at myself to find that I was look ing at the drawer .that held the money, I “ My husband’s,” I replied. ‘Your husband’s. Yes, ves—but his name ?” “Elijah Croly.” “Captain Croly?” he demanded, in the same tone. “ Yes.” “The same who commanded the barque Calvert, that used to run out of Liverpool?” within. She started upon seeing me; but the man immediately called to her by the name of Jaue, telling her to come in. She passed by me as she did so; aud I whispered, “ Oh, Emily, how could you betray me ?” She manifested no shame or sorrow, though I know she must have heard the whispered words; her face was hard and unwomanly, and its expression was sul len. And I could not doubt that she had played the spy upon my husband aud myself, and had betrayed us to this man. “ I’ve a very few words to say to you, ma’am,” said the man; and all the bold ness and insolence had gone out of his voice, leaving it gentle and sorrowful. “ Just a few words to ask you to forgive us for what we meant to do, and to tell you what has happened to change my mind so suddenly, and why we can’t rob you, as we meant to do. ” He took the package from his pocket j with the words, and tossed iuto my lap. j “ That money belongs to the man that I love and honor more than any other on earth. I’m a hard customer, ma’am, we live by dark ways and doings, Jane and I; and I wouldn’t have believed when she let me in here to-day aud hid me, that I could leave the house without that money; but if I’d known whom it belonged to, I’d sooner have held out my right hand to be cut off than come here as I have, and for what I came. I used to be a sailor, and was with Capt. Croly in the j Calvert. He was the very kindest and best master that ever handled a speak ing-trumpet, aud there wasn’t a man aboard the bark but loved him. One night off Hatteras all hands were sent aloft to reef in a heavy gale; and when they came down again I was missing. ‘ Where is he ?’ the captain asked, bnt none of them knew. They hadn’t noticed me since we all sprang into the shrouds together. * Overboard, I’m afraid,’ said the mate; aud the men all seemed fearfal that I was lost. The captain hailed me through his speaking- trumpet; and there came back a faint, despairing cry, only just heard above the piping of the storm. Captain Croly never ordered any one else up; he cast off his coat and threw down his trumpet, and went aloft before any one could get ahead of him. He found me hanging with one elbow over the foreyard, and just about ready to fall from weakness and pain; for my other arm was twisted out of joint at the elbow by a turn of the ropes. He caught me, and held me there till help came up from below, and then they carried me dowu. It was Cap tain Croly that saved me from a grave in the sea; and I would have robbed him to-night. Forgive us, madam, if you can. We will leave you in peace. Come, Jane!” How Rubber Boots are Made. The gum used is imported direct from France, South America and Central America, that from Central America being the best, while the African gum is the poorest. The raw gum, which is nearly white, is ground several times between immense fluted iron rollers, after which it passes through the com position room, which process is that of passing the rubber between chilled iron cylinders, of many tons weight, which are kept very hot and very smooth. A part of the rubber intended for “uppers” is here spread upon and fastened to long sheets of cloth. The heels and taps are stamped out of sheets of gum of the required thickness. The rubber cloth is now carried to the cutter’s room, where it is cut out and sent to the boot maker’s. The boots are made by men, the shoes or ordinary rubbers by girls, while the overshoes are made by either. One man will make twelve or fourteen pairs of boots a day, and receive twenty cents a pair. After the boot-maker is through they are placed in an oven where for twelve hours they are subjected to a temperature of six hundred. They are then ready for boxiug and shipping. In one factory about four thousand pairs of boots, rubbers and overshoes are turned out daily. An Artist’s Fatal Mistake. The funeral of the young artist,Henry Leland. took place recently in Boston. The report that he committed suicide in Paris was incorrect. He was working on a picture, and to give the model whom he employed a rest he walked around his studio. Picking up a handsome re volver he pointed it toward the model and jokingly exclaimed : “ Look out, I am going to fire at you.” “Oh, no,” ex claimed the girl, “ I am afraid you will kill me.” “ But it is not loaded, foolish child; look here,” aud instantly he pointed the revolver at his head, and to assure the model that he was only in dulging in a bit of pleasantry pulled the trigger, and at once fell dead ufen the floor. gradually pusuag the leg over on the tablecloth, and wLmi he picks it up it slips from his hand info the gravy dish and splashes the gravy around for six square yards. Just as he has -«ade up his mind that the turkey has no joints to his wings, the host asks him if he thinks the war with Turkey will soon be over. The girl next to him laughs, and he says he will explain his views upon the sub ject after dinner. Then he sops his brow with his handkerchief, aud presses the turkey so hard with the fork that it slides off the dish and upsets a goblet of water on the girl next to him. Nearly frantic, he gouges away again at the wings, gets them off in a mutilated condition, and digs into the breast. Before he can cut any off, the host asks him why he don’t help out the turkey. Bewildered, he puts both legs on a plate and hands them to the maideu lady, aud then helps the yonug girl to a plateful of stuffing, and while taking her plate in return knocks over the gravy dish. Then he sits down with the calmness of despair and fans himself with a napkin, while the servant girl clears up and takes the turkey to the other end of the table. He doesn’t discuss the Eastern .question that day. He goes right home after dinner, and spends the night trying to decide whether to commit suicide or take lessons in carving. A Cowbiding by Women. On Monday, says a late issue of a Salt Lake (Utah) paper, one of the young ladies employed at Mr. Oolebrook’s mil linery establishment received an en dearing note from W. A. Books, who is well known in this city, inviting her to meet him yesterday evening near St. Mary’s school. The girl, knowing his propensities, plotted with four others of her companions to go and give him a dose of “black snake.” They went, but it was near the American Hotel where they found their man. Four of the girls, armed each with a good cow- hide-whip, secreted themselves in the alley near by, to witness the meeting. He came, and at a convenient time they also came from their hiding place aud began a vigorous slashing and belaboring with the whips. He was hit, we under stand, ouce on the head, aud once on the legs, when he drew a pretty little white-handled pocket pistol on his femi nine tormentors. He didn’t use it, how ever, but turned and fled, and the speed at which he ran would have shamed an antelope. He tore down Second East and Second South, thence west and iuto the office of our morning contempox-ary, there to tell his straightforward tale. The excited aud indignant ladies fol lowed him into the newspaper office and again insisted upon giving him n thor ough cowhiding; but he hud taken refuge behind the counter, where he quietly submitted to the fearful tongue- lashing which was administered by one of the girls. She read him a list of his misdeeds, and presented l^C.vnour’a Dully Struaulr for Exlatence xhc Street!! of New York. Lawrence S. Seymour, who broke P. Meade & Go’s show window at 6 Wall strett, New York, and grabbed $200 in gold certificates, came down from the third tier of the City Prison to the cor- ritlor in front of Murderers’ Row to talk witlx a reporter for the Sun. He is a stakrart man, clean shaved and clean ragged one his shirt from was grimy. ‘'I reckon,” he said, “that 1 wan a tramp at the last. It comes to about that. Five years ago I owned a brass foundry in Sacramento, Cal., but I did’nt come all the way from there on foot. I drank a good deal and the foundry went. * tried tininait.hing in thf^mues and that failed. So ■ I rai«^i and came East. My ticket cost me $65, aud I spent the rest in drinking and gambling along the routes. I never gambled much in California. When I got to Philadelphia I found work in Goodwin & Co. ’s foundry. Then I got out of work and came to New York. When I arrived I had $10 in my pocket, and since that time a friend sent me $10 from California. This money went for liquor and gambling. When it was al most all gone I used to sleep around in ten-cent lodging houses, keeping away from them in the daytime because I was too dirty to be seen. 1 ‘ At first I tried in the foundries to get work ; but I found it was no use. I looked too much like a bum. The last three nights before I broke the window I slept out. I used to hang out ‘about Eleventh avenue, and when night came I would look about for a vacant lot. When I had found one, the next thing was to find a spot where the clay was dry. I would sleep pretty well, because I would be so tired tramping about all day, but in the raoruing I would wake tip all in a tremble with the cold. jThen there was nothing for it but to take a run round the block and get warm. II I had hivl any money, it wonkt Have been n dive for the nearest barroom. I never begged either victuals or drink. I would not do that. “As it got worse and worse, I used to come down and sit in the City Hall Park ou the settees. I had a razor that I had brought with me from California. It finally got to be a choice between suicide and robbery. 1 would not beg. If I committed suicide I determined to do it with the razor in the park. After think ing it over I came to the conclusion to make an attempt to raise some money by a robbery. With this I thought 1 would clothe myself decently and then get work. I could not think of robbing poor people, and this is what led me to Wall street, where they are all rich and can afford to loose. Bo I went down and looked along the street, and that window seemed a good one to work on. I picked up a brick, and, standing close to the window, flung it tbrongh. My hand was through nearly as quick as the brick. I grabbed what I could and ran. I thought I could get away in the crowd, but when I got to Broadway the crowd was too thick for me. I 'couldn’t make my way through, aud I had to take to the street. It was in the street that I was caught. I had to plead guilty in court, because I was caught right in the act.” The “|>ay of the Dead.” Edward King writes to the Boston Journal as follows regarding the ob servance of this day by the French : As for the day of the dead, it is the most touching and tender observance in France; all classes of population go to the cemeteries, and crown the tombs of their lost with wreaths aud immortelles and with more perishable blossoms. The custom is universal in this country, and in some sections the peasants have very curious ceremonials in connection with the anniversary. In the '■depart ments of Brittany and the Maine, the peasants during the night after All Saints’, run through the fields bearing fire brands, the charred pieces of which they carefully preserve, as charms against any ills that may befall cattle or ‘dock. In the neighborhood of Toulouse, until a few years, on the evening preceding the ^-ntid of November there were processions in tbo cemeteries toward the small hours! The clergy conducted a sombre array of maskers and of trembling men and women, who carried long tapers in their hands, and fancied that they saw ghosts at every turn. On such occasions the Dies Ir<e and the burial services were always chanted. In Paris the tombs of the il lustrious dead are literally buried under flowers. Every year some Americans cover the grave of Lafayette with rare blossoms. To the American,accustomed now and then to wander through the grassy glades and sylvan dells of our lovely cemeteries at home, there is but little that is attractive in the stone walks and bard cold, looking tombs in this country; bnt no one cau help being touched by the beautiful memorial ser vice here. It becomes yearly more of a problem how Paris shall bury its dead. The cemeteries now in use have been dug over, and over, until medical men have cried out, “Beware of the plague I Transport your cemeteries into the country. ” But for the Parisian a jour- i.—- or Fontainebleau or St. Mauer each time that he wished to stand by the grave of the lost, would seem a terrible trial. Toward the end of the last century there was a pesti lence because of the overcrowded con dition of the cemeteries, and it was at that time that the famous corridors of human bones, which so many tourists have seen in the Paris Catacombs, were constructed with the remains taken from the grave-yards. The city is dot ted all over with the sites of ancient small cemeteries, now almost forgotten. Indeed, one may be said to walk over the dead every day. Babelaps was buried where the Church of St. Paul now stands; the St. Joseph Market house H|vcrs the grave of Moliere; and a few years since the burial place of the great Cardinal Dubois was found in the filthy gutter of a dark cellar. Thus death lurks iu the midst of life. The queen’s Query. “iEueas, dear,” murmured the beau tiful queen of Carthage, as one summer eve, with pensive thought, they wan dered on the seabeat shore ; “ ./Eneas?” “ Speak Queen of the Seas,” the god- dess-born replied, “speak on, what whilst her haben ?” “ Tell me one thing,” she said, aud her wistful eyes looked up into his like dreams of melting starlight; “tell me, my good lord, one thing,” “ One ? thou bright eyed daughter of the stars, a thousand !” replied her hero. “Nay,” she whis pered, leaning closer to him, and nest ling her head upon his breast, so that pretty good ! her lifted eyes might smile and shine indictment of Books in general. The J girls assert that they had been insulted ■ several times by the fellow, aud they j took this occasion to settle an old score against him. A Long Tramp. Emil Zak was among the steerage passengers of the steamship Frisia, which sailed for Hamburg from New York recently. He reached Castle Gar den with his clothes in rags, his hair un kempt and falling over his shoulders, a shaggy beard covering his face, his shoes without soles, his hat little more | goddess-born sat him down upon a rock than a rim. Zak stated that he was edu-■ and said he just remembered it was cated as a chemist in a polytechnic iu- lodge night. He fled. He climbed into stitute in Switzerland. For several the first ship he saw and beat his way to years he worked iu a sugar refinery in the next port, and Dido never saw him upon the bronzed face of the hero, “but one.” “Unussed a buster,” he muttered, quoting from jEsop, which he had read when a boy ; “ ask what you will, and I, by all the gods, will tell you what you seek to know.” She was silent for a little space, and then look ing up tenderly into his face, sighed softly and said : “If a billy-goat is a blitter /Eneas started, and his eyes stood out on his cheek bones and stared at each other and Queen Dido in utter amazement. She went on : “ Would v< »n call a nanny-goat a buttress ?” The Austerlitz, and concluded to come to this country, thinking he might do better. He arrived at New Orleans iu October, 1876, with $200. Finding that his in ability to speak English operated against obtaining immediate employment in his profession, he concluded to become a farmer, and finally took np a homestead of 160 acres in Brownwood, 140 miles from Austin. He felled over a thousand trees, and managed to live until May last, when his means became exhausted and he set out on foot for Austin to sell his laud and find other employment. Not being successful, he determined to return to Austria, aud thought if he came to New York the commissioner of immigration would furnish him with pas sage. He continued ou his journey, sleeping in the woods and by-ways, aud after a six months’ tramp reached New York. At Castle Garden more.—Jiurli/u/lon Hawkeyc. Brick Tea. A correspondent writing from Hankon, in China, says : There is a very large trade in brick tea, which is prepared here for the Bussian market, and is shipped hence by the way of Tientsin and Pekin. Nearly half of the foreign merchants here are Bussians, and they j have several factories for the prepara- I FARM, GARDEN AND HOUSEHOLD. l.illbt for Cattle. Neither cattle nor horses should be installed in a dark stable, as animals re quire light in the day-time. A horse kept for months in a dark stable would be liable to become blind. In regard to light pig-pens, a writer says that two sows having litters on the 18th and 22d ef January, respectively, were kept in two rather dark, but warm, temporary sties, and had to occupy them till about the middle of the month of April, when, for each sow with litter, one of the per manent sties was opened by selling the occupants. At that time the pigs which had been kept in the dark temporary sties proved to be less lively than, and much inferior iu weight and size to, those of any of the litters raised in Wie less warm bnt well-lighted permanent notwithstanding that the differ ence in age •was very small, and that food and care had w^xi the same in every respect. One of the Wiru on the 18th of January, which had 'ao* cidentally the best-lighted sty, though situated in the northwest and conse quently the coldest corner of the frame building exhibited the most rapid growth, aud the litter born on the 18th of January, which had the darkest sty, bail made the poorest. Charcoal and I.lme lor Fowls. Permit us again to urge all breeders of poultry who wish healthy fowls, to be liberal in supplying their fowls with charcoal. It is one of the best pre ventives of disease among fowls that can be named. Even if the fowls are not confined, but especially so if they are, charcoal pounded into bits or pieces about the size of a grain of corn, or a little finer, should be put around in small piles where the fowls can have easy access to it, aud they will soon make use of it. The cost of charcoal is but a trifle and where the distance from town or city is so great as to prevent it from being readily obtained therefrom, the from « wood stove may be sieved | out and the small bits of eliarred wood j or charcoal used in the place of that made in the regular way. Especially during the spring and early summer months, is it advisable to use charcoal freely. Lime, too, is valuable in many ways. In the form of whitewash it be gets cleanliness, freedom from disease, aud layiag hens should have lime where ♦hey can make use of it, in assisting in the production of eggs. — I’/te Poultry World. Potato Culture. Experiments in potato culture, con ducted of late in Germany but described in a Freueh agricultural paper, are said to have demonstrated that the vigor of Items of Interest, There are upwards tf 70,000 Sunday schools in the United States^ with about 6,000,000 scholars. A dealer advertises “Novelties ia pocket-books.” Well, w* should like to have a little change in Sura. Kentucky is great, it has a cow that eats chickens, a mule t^a' lays eggs and hatches them in a mare’o nea*. Cold feet aud cold extremities indicate defective circulation, according ’^to Dr. R. Foote's Health Monthly. Philadelphia is credited with ninety* nine millionaires, of whom the richest ia Asa Packer, worth $12,000,000. The Pope’s eldest brother died at ninety; his mother at ninety-eight; and his grandfather at ninety-three. The cost to the State of Pennsylvania of suppressing the- railroad riots last July will amount to about $500,000. Ashes from the recent eruption at Cotopaxi, in Ecuador, are said to have fallen at a distance of 1,000 miles from the volcano. An Oxford (Ala.,) man is so close- fisted that he will not advertise in the papers, but ties his card to a pig’s tail and turns the grunter loose. The Georgia supreme court has de cided that a murderer, “ to be too drunk to form the intent to kill, must be too drunk to form the intent to shoot. ” A man in Louisiana has had four wives go off and leave him. The fifth he swapped for an old shot-co—- '* «nw he has got something that won t go off. During the last ten jearo the Italian government has confiscated and sold si public auction $106,000,060 worth of church property. -nine women were advertised iu a recent issue of a Chicago paper as about to prtjch and conduct religious services on the following Sunda/T The street-car drivers and conductors get heavier salaries than any other set of men in town. They are paid off in nickles and pennies.—Cincinnati Sun day Breakfast Table. “Bacteria are the minute animals, so- called from the rod-like appearance of some of them, which are now thought to be at the root of disease as well as of putrefaction.”—Tyndall. The Chicago Tribune says: “One touch of nature make the nations kin.” Yes, iu Europe one touch of uattre is making two nations skin each other with all [ reasonable dispatch.—Brooklyn Unioi^ Argus. In Brooklyn recently, while several boys were firing with shot-guns at a mark near the end of Bed Hook Poii t, David Sweeney, aged fifteen years, of No. 38 Dikeman street, pointed his g:m at a companion, Thomas Bourke, and shouted: “Look out, I’ll shoot tot!” The gun was fired, and the charge,«nt. r- iug Ronrke’s neck, tore open the throat and killed him instantly. Sweeney was arrested with his companions. He said that he supposed there was no charge in the gun, and he only intended to snap the cap. The boys, Sweeney and Bourke, were school-fellows, and on good terms. Constantinople and the Tnrks. A Constantinople correspondent writes: The climate of Constantinople is not so warm in suityner as that of New York, nor as cold in winter. But the south the potato plant is always in direct pro- : winds here, if they continue any length portion to the weight of the tubers used ! of time, are very oppressive. Neither is for seed, and not only do different tubers J the air so exhilarating as that of America, vary in productiveness but also differ- ; The manners and customs of the Turks Salt-Water Drinkers. A foreign medical journal prints the following account of salt-water drinkers, taken from an account of a voyage to the Oceanic islands by Mr. Jouan, a ship’s captain, and sent by him to a medical man at Caen. These remarkable people are met with on the coral formations of the Pacific, such as the Panmoton is lands, where there are neither brooks nor springs, and where the wells which have been dug yield only brackish water. The vegetation is limited to a few cocoa- nut trees, of which the milk, with sea water, constitutes the only drink of the natives. It is a question how men can live when constantly using a liquid of are altogether different from those in America. Here, men go about with bare arms and necks—there the ladies. and ride 'ent “eyes” in the same potato. The : “ eyes ” in the top of the potato produce i much finer offsprings than those lower i down or at the bottom, and in planting Here all women wear trowsers agriculturists are therefore advised to j cut them horizontally, instead of verti- i cally, and use the lower part for cattle j feed. The best plan, however, is to set I them whole, cutting out all the eyes ex cept those at the top. From careful sta tistics of the experiments conducted by Prof. Gantz, it appears that from tubers divided vertically only five tons per acre were produced ; from whole potatoes seven and a half tons, and from those cut horizontally nine and three-quarter tons. In the last point, however, other scientific observers do not agree with the results of Herr Gantz’s experiments, as they iusist that, other things being which all bathers, who have perforce ; equal, whole potatoes will always pro- swallowed a few drops, know the dis- duce more than halves, however cut. agreeable qualities. Is it an effect of I Uathriiiv Appia Trees, habit, or a natural indisposition, or i A Georgia correspondent writes : “ I am Dying to raise an apple orchard on land that has no clay in the subsoil. Some of the trees are bearing, but they look unhealthy, and grow but little. Is 1 it for want of a clay foundation ? Will characteristic of race ? It is inexplic- ; able; the fact, however, is affirmed by | the majority of navigators who have j visited those distant shores. Cook and ; Laperous both mention it, aud more re cently Dupetit-Thouars has described the inhabitants of Easter island, as truly | amphibia, drinking sea-water without feeling any inconvenience from it. Mr. Jouan concludes his observations on the ; drinking of sea-water by a fact which he asserts to have been seen nt the begin- 1 ning of his sea faring career, in 1838, ! while going to Mexico. At that time, he writes, steam navigation had not yet i freed ships from the influences of calm head winds. There was no distilling apparatus, so that in long voyages it was necessary to be careful with the water, and iu his ship, with the number on board nearly doubled by some troops they had to convey, and the prospect of not finding any water on the way, since they were only going to blockade the coast without communicating with the Apple trees usually succeed better in particularly his feet, a soil of rather firm texture than in one ! a ^ a y* that is light and sandy ; but a clay sub soil is not positively necessary. Your land is evidently too poor, manuring liberally. Apply manure from : the barnyard in liberal quantities about the trees, and if this cannot be had, break up the land aud sow peas upon it, and plow these under while green and succulent, repeating the operation until I lie soil is rich. An application of twenty-five bushels of lime per acre ; would also be beneficial; but the green crops will be the most likely to help the 1 trees. Pruning may also be done if the branches of the trees look scraggy aud horse-back (or rather donkey-back) a-straddle, while many men are here seen iu petticoats. The American lies in bed with his feet covered aud head bare, bnt the Turk cannot sleep without bundling up his head, and also drawing over it the bed-spread, and at the same time leaving his naked feet entirely ex posed. A few days ago I went into a palace which is owned by the sultan. I found that the walls were of the simplest character throughout, while all the ccil- | ings were gorgeously painted. With Americans it is usually the reverse, i New Yorkers wash their hands before ! dinner (or at least ought to); the Turks wash after the meal. Among Americans the males and females of the family dine , together and at the same table. Here they always dine apart, the males before the females ; for the latter, being looked upon as an altogether inferior order of beings, any unnecessarily close contact wpuld be considered highly degrading to their manliness. The Turk, however, the pruning of old trees tend to increase possesses one grand redeeming quality: the size of the fruit?” He is scrupulously clean, washing him- several times Almost all the labor of a manual character is here done by donkeys, and needs ! These patient little animals, sometimes no .larger than a sheep, are the hod- carriers, stone and wood-carriers, fruit- carriers, etc. A short time ago, while at Halki, one of the small islands in the Sea of Marmora, which together form the Saratoga, Newport and Long Branch of the wealthy Constantinopolitaus, I rode around it, semi-mounted upon the back of one of these little creatures. Several times my misgivings were so great that I was seriously inclined to get off of him. He was so small that I had to draw up my feet to keep them from But he took unhealthy ; but you cannot improve the , size or flavor of the fruit much, without { dragging on the ground. ,hor.., tl,ey were epee,ally pammomoue enri<!h i D g m „,erial» applied to ! ™ ™ «« b-*' m its use. Some sailors, consequently, ' ' h of friends, for I gave him a fig, of which began to drink sea water, but were soon obliged to leave it off. One man only persevered until the ship arrived at Mexico, when it was revictualed with fresh water, brought at great expense from Havana. This man never com plained of the sea water; the only uift'er- ence remarked in him was that he became more and more yellow. donkeys are very fond. He had a soft, The Money’s Worth. j low voice, which, by-the-way, is an ex- An English merchant prince lately cellent thing in a donkey, a rising young painter for the tion of the bricks. This morning I visited one of the establishments and Subject of Spoons witnessed the process. The dry tea is The Germans have been experiment- weighed out iuto portions for single ing to ascertain the wear and tear of bricks, and each portion is wrapped in a \ apoops. These have been subjected to • cloth and placed over a steam boiler. : constant use and washing for a year, and Y/hen it is thoroughly steamed it is j the results engaged purpose of having his own portrait in oil conveyed to posterity. The terms were arranged. “ How long do you think it will take ?” asked the model. “ Perhaps fifteen days,” was the reply. Sittings began, and the artist entered so heartily into his work that in eleven days Why,” asked Eclipses for tbc Year 1878. There will be four eclipses this year, as follows : I. An annular eclipse of the hud, Fob. 2. Visible in Aiutralia and at the South Pole. II. A partial eclipse of the moon, Feb. 17. Visible in the United States in the morning ; middle, at Boston, 6b, poured into a mold and placed beneath a spoons lost their whiteness and became the portrait was done. “ Crcesus when the fact was aunounoed to, York> 6h 20m . ft( Cbi . him, “do you intend suppressing four davs’work’” “It does not matter at ' C . . .. _ , S ior a year, and ! y tbe rtrait i8 tfoished,” answered | , IIL A ^ eclipse of the sun July tabulated. The aluminium ,, ’ ,, w,»n mr iVii« in ! 29. Visible throughout the United States as a partial eclipse in the after- machine which presses it into the re quired shape. Some of the machines he was are worked by hand and others by steam; thoroughly scrubbed and furnished with a suit of clothes, which so changed his appearance that he would not have been readily recognized afterward. He found fifty florins, about $20, in the hands of the Austrian consul waiting for to call for, aud this, with some assistance from the immigration commissioners, was used to defray his passage home. both kinds are rapid and efficient, and it did not appear that the steam had much advantage. Five men working a hand- iflachine and receiving twenty cents each per day, were able to press six bgicks a minute. The steam press worked only a little faster, and the cost ojr fuel must be nearly ^ •» that's!# m-oacle, of a blueish gray; German silver acquir ed an obnoxious tint of a yellowish gray; genuine silver alone kept its color. At the rate of destruction with the steady usage, it was found that two hundred and forty-eight years would be required to wear out a silver spoon completely ; aluminium wiuld last one l^ntdred and fifty-eight yoars; German silver nearly one hundred These results are regard ed as favorat » the substitution " ■ ■ * •“ TpOODS. the painter. “Well, sir, this is not business ; we said a hundred guineas, aud fifteen days’ work. I am quite pre pared to stand the price, but you ought not to spend an hour less upon th» work | than was agreed upon. ” There was no use arguing with such a man. The ■ painter took his brush afSP* and spent four sittings more in lengthening, little by little, in the portrait, the ears of his patron. - trmrms. 'minium . Vrs are cheaper now than ~ i country. - i THIS PAGE CONTAINS FLAWS AND OTHER DEFECTS WHICH MAY APPEAR ON THE FILM noon. Except in Alaska, Utah, Texas, and Cuba the eclipse will be total. Mid dle, at Boston, 5h. 55m.; at New York, oh. 44m.; at Washington, 5b. 32m.; at Charleston, 5h. 18m.; at Chicago, 8b. 50m. IV. A partial eclipse of the moon, Aug. 12. Visible when the moon rises in the evening. Ends : At Boston, 6b. 50m.; at New York, 8b. 38m., at Wash ington,8b. 27m.: at Charleston, 8b. 18m.; at Chicago, 7k 45m.