Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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HISTORY OF COTTON. .snail-: FIGUUK8 THAT 1?KF,1\I,Y OONCHJtN TIMK SECTION. Kxtvucfs Fruin a Speech Mude lu Congress by Representative I fell i n of Alabama. Moro than 3,000 years ajgo coll?n was found growing in India and Her odotus lolls us lhal tho nativos railed it "treo wool.'' I lo.said: "They intuit.' clothes of this tree wool and claimed thal it oxeeeded in beauty und goodness tho wool ot the sheep. " tn 1492 Columbus found cotton growing lu tho West I ntlies ?ind il is certain that colon caine to Jamestown with our lathers in I ?07. tor it was cultivated thal year in Virginia. Pick ett in his history of Alabama, tells us thal as early as 17?S colton nour ished in Louisiana. Mississippi and) Alabama. How io seperate tho cotton from the seed was an important problem | With our lat hm s. and this tedious task was performed with the lingers.) So slow was the process that four pounds of lint per week was as much as a good hand could do. in 17L's there was groat rejoicing tn Ibo South when a mau in Phila delphia Invented a machine tor sop oralillg seed and lint, and Ibis ma chine could Hirn ont only ten pounds ol' lin! per day. Not until lily Whit - noy, ol" Georgia, Invented tho saw gin in I .!.::. was this feature of the cotton problem solved. file first cotton gin operated by any other than hand was run by wa tor in Canfield, S. C., by .lames Kincaid, in 1 /95. For a long time spinning and weav ing were dom? by individuals and families in their homes. They used the little ha ntl carder, tho one-thread spinning wbeel and tho wooden loom. These were followed by the inventions of Cartwright, Wyatt, and others, the carding envine, tho spinning jlnncy and tho power loom, all run by 6 ten tn, und tho manufacturo of cotton be came one of the most Important in dustrie? in tho world. in 1 784 wo exported from tho United States eight bales of cotton to Kngland. and this fibre bad beeu ?operated from the seed by tb hand. At Annapolis. Md., in a political con .mni inn i 7 s i]. James .Madison of Mr. Madison's prediction has como trilC. Tho S Outil produces Su por Cont, of Ibo world's crop of cotton. This colton belt is l.ir.o miles jong from east lo west and ??00 miles wide and has 111 il about I IX,000*000 luiros. In ISSI) the amount of capital in vested in cotton mills iii Gie South was $2->000*000, and lOilaj we have invested in this Importun! Industry a little over twelve limes that amount, $225,000,000. Twenty-five years ago the South had only COO,000 cotton spindles mid today wo have about I 0*000,000. In I SOO there were 330 cotton mills in the South and now we have over BOO. Creal Britain, or HU? United Kingdom, is the greatest cotton man ufacturing country in the world, and has over 40.000,000 spindles. America stands next to tho mother country with 20,OOo.OOO spindles. Germany comes third with 0,000*000 applies. Russia is fourth with 7 , 000,000 spindles, and Crance is fifth with f..ooo,ooo spindles. In 1900 New longland cotton mills consumed 2,349,478 bales of cotton, and lu the same year our Soulhern mills consumed 2,374,225 bab s; ^?, 00 ll bales more than our Northern mills consumed. This is a splendid showing for the South when you re mein ber that the North has nearly twice as many spindles as we have. There ir ode faei howwovor, connan. ?.tl with both that we applaud and llnil both Northern anti Sinthern mills consumed more cotton than ever before. We are the greatest cotton producing people in the world, with tho cheaposl and best manufac turing facilities on earth. longland leads in exporting coll?n gtiods, ami Germany is second in tbi lisi ; the Un Hod States is third and Franco is fourth. Hast year the Unit ed Slates Imported more cotton goods than she sold or exported. longland, or the United Kingdom, exports every year mole yards of coll?n cloth than our American mills produce for both home and out sitie t ratio. During tho calendar year ending December, 190G, Hie United Kingdom exported cotton manufactures lo Ibo value of $484,000.000, and tho Unit ed Stales, during the ?nine period, ex ported colton manufactures to Ibo value of $52,OOO,000) and yoi we ex ported twice as much 'as we ?lid in I Ot)4. Gov. Johnson's Washington bu reau says Congressman Hammond of the Second Minnesota District, feels confident that Johnson will be nominated for President and elect ed. Thc bureau can't name another Western Democratic Congressman who agrees with Congressman Ham mond . CIUTIOI8E8 TILLMAN. Congressman Leeor Doos Not Approve of tho Karo Discussion. Tho Columbia State say? Congress man A. I?'. Lover wu? lu tho etty on Saturday on Iiis way to his homo IM Lexington fro ni Suinter, whero he participated in ibo farinera' conven tion Friday. Mr. Lover was well re ceived in Subi ter. At tho banquet Friday nigh! his address was received with pleasure not unmixed willi sur prise, for ho spoke very Iraak I y willi reference tu the alleged race pro hiern. 0 Ile declared that the people ot' tho North are willing to Iel the people of the South sottb their (?wu pro blema, provided the} don't make tools ol' I lionise!ves in Bottling the (|iics lions. il?* was very pointed with ref erence tO tho Wild talk Of some peo pie of the South who in addresses to Northern audiences ? iv?* the wrong impression ol' the Southern corni I* t lons. When asked about Hie matter by the Reporter ot Tho State Sa tu rd a} Mr. Lever declared that hail it not been tor the tact that Congressman lie!Hn bad introduced :t Mini (.'row ear bil!" tor tho district ol' Columbia, and subsequently shot a negro, the Slate ol'Ohio would UlldoUhtedl} have gone Democratic. The negroes of Ohio would not have voted tor Tali, bul the Kellin altair may chango il all The State goes on lo say thal Con gressman Lever did uni deny that be was hilting at Senator Tillman nbflj. ile admitted llial lu- does nol approve (d' Senator Tillman's way ol' using tall, which io those thai do not know bim is ol' the most violen) kind. Air. Lever's speech at Sumter is said to have been very bold and was well re ceived. Lever declared that friends of Ills in congress from Northern states had declared time and time again thal they are willing to lei the South set tle her problems, and to help tho South, il' necessary, but ?hey could not forever resist the appeals of their constituents in Hie North when those constituents are aroused hy the wild talk ol men who do not properly rep resent tho View? ol' the South THK News anti Courier says "Judson Harmon ought to explain how it happened that a Cleveland Democrat should have been prefer red in Ohio to a thick-and-thir Bry an supporter." The action of the . -"?linn which sent instruct* J IUI UUttillu. w . number are willing to make conces sions to unite the party. THK Nashville Tenneesean says "the Charleston Nows and Courier is bitterly disappointed in Mr. Wat terson because the latter announced that he will support Bryan and fur. thermore believe that thc Nebrask an can win. The News and Courier reminds us of the lone juryman who bewailed tho obstinacy and folly of thc other ll." THE Republican leaders are prac tically committed to the Aldrich currency hill; and since the majori ty of the House is opposed to this Standard Oil measure, some pretend ed substitute, making its provisions still more favorable to the Standard's interests will probably be forced through in the name of currency re form, SOME up-country paper says it is undemocratic for the people to in struct their representatives to the various conventions. We thought democracy meant the rule of the people, THE Oafl'ney Ledger says "that thoii? i>n'i one mah in live wno cares a continental whether Bryan is the nominee of the Democrats or not." Thc Ledger has always op posed Bryan, and yet its county in structed its delegates for him. It thus appears that The Ledger could not influence the people of its coun ty to go the way that fourth-fifths of them wanted to go. THE State of Minnesota will send an instructed delegation to Denver for her Govornor?Johnson, but so fai ns we have seen not a Johnson paper objects to Minnesota's "fettering" her delegation. They only object to delegations being "fettered," as they express it, for Bryan. THE Bamberg Herald asks: "If South Carolina is going to send a delegation to the national Democrat ic convention with instructions to vote for Bryan, why not send th,, vote bv mail and save railroad are'.'" Simply because there are hundreds of patriotic Carolinians who are anxious for tin? honor of taking at their own e xpense the vote of their State for the most distin guished private citizen in the world to Denver. J Tina CAI. ii OF THE SOUTH." A N?*w Hook That IN Meeting With a MK Salo. Tho Washington correspondent ot* Tho State snvs Mr. lt o hort Kee Dur ham, the author ol "The ti. ll of tho South," has boon in Washington dur ing the past wonk and numerous con gressmen huvo^boon discussing ?vii h him hb-as in his remarkable book. Senator (buy, who was introduced to tho author ai Congress Hull the other day said: "Why, I lin ve just rend (hal hook, and I should think that President Roosevelt would have given you $100,000 not to have written that book." South Carolinians are particularly in "Tho Call Ol' he South" because some ol' the principal characters are from (bal Slate und some ol' tho scenes, so thal ii will be interesting to know thal i lie hi st edition has al ready been oversold and the publish ers are now .cellini; oui another. Mr. Durham is. ol' ionise phased, al though many ol' die remarks lie hears, here shout ii ure condemnatory. \ newspaper man from Ohio came Into this olllce Hie other night and begun to rail mil against Durham, who he had lever seen, for writing such a book. I asked what he ob jected lo. "Oh." he said, "my wife and several ol the women folks al niy house read i lie i hine, the other day and they have been nervous over since; ii bas upset I he whole family. Hesides," he wen! on, I do not like it. because ii makes out thai a South Carolinian is so milch beter than people from oiln i parts id the COU11 I ry." i III: M CHIC* N I DOW H.AT. Col. Karon On Hie New Style in Wo man'?- Headgear. Col .lane's T. Macon of tile lOdgO lield Chronicle, has been consider ing the "Merry Widow.'1 The "Merry Widow" as woman, hat or phrase, has become disgusting. Thc hat is supremely hideous. Tho writer Ol' tills, as his people well know, is devoted to dress, finery, fashion, style, bul the "Merry Wid ow" hat ls hopelessly Ugly in Itself, and gives a woman an air ol' loudness and unrelinedness. Imagine a great, Illimitable far-prend i li g "sailor" with a buce hideous fort built, around the crown. This fort ls sometimes cir cular, sometimes square, sonietimss three cornered, sometimes live cor nered, sometimes seven cornered, and sometimes nine cornered. And then lone, straight, stiff, cheap quills aro SO disposed on the fort as to make make women look common, and give thom locomotor ataxia mid volh'nlus, Durn I li "Merry Widow " * ll A VIO SOCIAL KO IJ A KIT Y Kl NN UK IN MOW VOKK. Nothing tu recent years bas so Stirred the while people of this coun try as the ".-ocia] equality" dinner given in New York oil Monday nicht week under ibo auspices of the Cos mopolitan club. Tho purpose of the dinner, and nf (lie movement of which it is a part, was, frankly and confessedly? to break down the social barriers be tween the two races, and I lie advo cacy of intermarriage, ox pro ed by whites und blacks alike at this re markable dinner, was creeled with the loudest enthusiasm ol' the even ing. TbOre were ninety three people al the dinner. Hie proportion of negroes being about i wo io one. wliilc among Hu' whiles were a lar.ee number of white wonien, a ill I ia I ed wiih "settle ment" work and socialism The seating arrangements were so (?. vised thai a white wi man ?liva*' hildy sal between negro nun Tl'i? Sucessful Man. The successful man is the mau who has made il happy heine lor his wife and children No mal lei what lie bar liol dOlie in Hu- w ,r. .. ? j( \ in: wealth and honor, il be lia., done that lie is a success If lie basil t done that, and ii is his own fault, (hough he be the highest in Hie land ho is a most pliable failure How many men In a mad pursuit ol' cold, which cha motorizes the age, realize I hill there is no fortune which csu ho left to their families as great as tho memory ol' a happy home. ( 'bailee to Make Money. Senator Mcl.aurin has Introduced U bil! in Ibo United Slate Senate on Tuesdaj providing thal llie govern ment billi offer $50,000 lo ho paid lo any person who shall within two yeti I'S, discover piafhal means for Hie ex ter iii I ii hi lo ii of Ibo cotton boll weevil. Don ! crumble w hen wrong. Koli hp your make theil! fiO richi. A woman worries over chapped knees as il every body knew it "Knocking" lit someone else's door may helf lo smash ii lil, bul it won't strengthen yours. Now it is. reported that "razorless shaves" have boori perfected. Ruf us Rast ut; Johnsing Brown will 860 to it, says tho Washington Herald, that razorloss ".scraps" are novor perfected. tilings go sleeves and THIC F?SHBKMAN'8 I* AH A DISH. Nu Such A m.'.i i H;; S|ioi't mn he bound Elsewhere in the World. The fisherman > paradise in the United States is found at Miami. Kia. Thor.' J: re oilier tarpon ?rounds f linn ItU'cr-Vin. I.?.?s II ors who a . . .Uti tlll'il WltJ >.. ne SOU I ?1 e ni 111.,.; point ol donna v?ar alter yeal will, (tattering regularity, und some ot whom have landed from live to toi linge I fill or 200 pounder-, m one n> .on 'Mi.i i hal tm ?moll angling sport ar. he .o.in l elsewhere in the World, nur so man> ii. li. as in the waters. . hali .ap the si.?ires of tho various ;-eys Which dot th hay a p I tho O'lll S! ronni. 'I'nero are over six li und red .mils ol tish hut Ween .Miami and Ko) \\?'. t. and IJIO ol IliebU are known as game ii ?li Ou i ol the fascina ions of the giimy tarpon is that he ; mysterious Ile comes in schools ?.'lenee no 'in seems io know. Iii ? sighted Cometimos us early as 'a nun O h it. although he jumps and locking!) lash? .. Iiis six feet or so i shining silver) body In Hie eyes I (!''. i a.m r spoilsman, ho refuses' M noller lae um.-I tempting billi, lu . brun rv be beg.ns to take iho hook iud m I lils-; mo li I ll angers begin to lirrive on Hie sei ne and to engag< . ludr Inuits and gu ides for the Bea con. Leslie s Weekly. Itcilcltillg a Decision. \ commercial traveler tells lin it musing experience which happened 10 him in the Interior of I'eniisyh ania The traveler landed m the il a a and sought Hie Olli) hotel III |jV< p aie a small build mg not Ut en ia i get Mian (lie average dwell ?Hg Ile . lopped on i lu- porch bul tarina vinci's raised in anger, lie iiuspd ai I l?o door. Apparently h. ic va: a i|iiarrel in progress, am) is tiii' dxiiih'Uieisi -bowel no indica rum oi diiuiiiishii'g. ii>e traveler ^nocked loudly on the door. 'H?llo?" he er.ed. 'Who's the beopnetor ol ibis phieo?'? Josi vi' slav where jo are," came n feminine tones from the house "lOzrii an' nu- is decldin' (bel p Int now," ' ruppem-e" (be Dominating Amount. Tuppence men liing, of course. I wo ?lenee, and tupia I to Hie sum of .Our cents in United States currency is t!ie domln ling sum in London 11 is much au institution as ibu war debt, beer, or Hie game of cricket. ,'iieiever you go. whatever you do, Abai ever von seil or whenever you ?pun your month il ls luppence or a - ries ol timi <iini that is extracted .rom you. Tuppence is as much as .i fairly well to-do worker can afford or his meal al midday. I n the poor r restaurant thai sum ?*ets him two ?t lt y i oast is Popular. The increasing popularity of toast. >u\?s im London Lancet, ig a souc i?t Interest In." fact in that ii possl ?ij indicates that lifter all the pub '!(! ... Hi; 'lie in. ipi.Hy of modeln . Mead. Holler niillin... as now prac ned. is ti lionet lier different from the 1.1 mell ml minding wheat hot wooli times, leads to iii. diminution ot be gci'tn 'd Hie wheat. The pbeu liat HUH) 11.11 VOI o the old-fashioned ? a: w tis due pei hu ps lo the retention f his gerin. Indian Dables Don'I t ry. v Hi d mn tor children is an In di; ' i crt a rn cl or," snyi Dr Charles S. Stood J of Idaho. 1 have neve.' leen an In.lian mollieroi' father pun ish n child, not have | ever seen an indian child cry. \n Indian child novoi sobs when hurt Just an extra ump o' (lie hnglti black eves and u s i un trow ti is all to indicate lo the observer thal lim lillie fellow is suffering. I have never heard oven au Ind an bah) cry." Workman's Koo. Alconol is i lie lue of tin working man, Inasmuch as lt lessen:- Iiis pro ductive powers tba-, lowering bis ol' lleieric;, as a workman. lt render:! .un careless ami Indifferent as to Hu Wollare ot' uis family, and re sults in Hu- children drifting into : in works! |i an . inc evy at a (ir . : nie tl le n III, > o ghi lo he guilllllg line knowledge necessary to lit them lor Hu- circumstances ol the future Co-operative .News. Jolinsou (J ra ss. lt Prejudice could b, overcome, i ne ts one of the mosi valuable hay ea we have. lt is al home in i ur ' l?male and tau be depended on lo make a crop lt is akin to sor ghum and partake! to some extent ol sorghum's hardiness. Cut tho oars earl)', just as the lits! beads amear. ll loo old it b of but littlu value. Novel Ea rm. one ol' the most curious "finnis" m thc conni ry ls conducid! h." Misa \bhj I ai m op of Granby, Mass. She lias a lltllo piace uh among tho hills vhore sin -aises mice, weasels, fer ie!-, I'd I) li 11? gunna pigs, and waler ? als. She lu,s in lier 'thargo all .old U bOtlt 'J..'.Oil nil I HUI ls, and her eiiieiprist has been a success.- Leo de's Weekly. Wlllll Ile Dad MlSSell. "Gracious! . oxclaltnod Mrs Good ley, "just listen io Hun clergy man ' I'm positive lu ', swearing. Evident ly lie's missed lils vocation." ' No, replied h?f husband, "I Hunk lt waa lils train."--Philadel phia Tress. -j Here I? a New*?ne. Some of the BO called Democratic panere that are really owned by the trusts are so anxious to defeat the nomination of Bryan by the Demo crats that they have been putting on1 all sort o? ahsurb rumors about Mr. iiiyan. Tue lau .st yarn atarted out by these papers along: thia line is to the el?ect the growth 0f the boom for Gov. John A. Johnson, of Min nesota, is disconcerting, for the rea son that Gov. Johnson is believed by the republican leaders not only to be a_ stronger candidate, but they be lieve his candidacy would compel the republicans to ignore much of the campaign thunder they have learned since 1896 and that with in the last week the possibility of the defeat of Mr. Bryan for the nomina* lion, the effect of the financial de pression, the attitude of labor, and his own popularity, have been im pressed upon Mr. Roosevelt, by close friends as contributory elements which make the present political po litices of the adminisration danger ous to the republican party, in the face of a possible change in the democratic political situation. This is a yarn out of the whole cloth. The Republicans would he delighted to have Mr. Bryan shelved, as they know he is the most formidable can didate the democrats could nomi nate. WI io Pays thc Hills? At Petersburg very recently Judge Gray said: "1 am out of politics, and ? am poing lo stay out." And yet there is a Gray boom for the Denver nomination. Headquarters are advertised and growing bulle tins spread before the public show ing the growth of Gray, and the de cline of Brvan sentiment. By whose authority is this being done? Who is attempting to dragood this excelleut man, who has such a true conception of the dignity of the bench, and such an accurate idea of what the anti-Bryan pother means? And who is, or are, footing the bills? It? costs something to compaign in this wav, says the Washington Star. Only the other day Senator Cul berson, in a statement, sought to put an end to the use of his name by the anti-Bryan people, No head waters have been onenr il ir. hi? be the leader of the South. But all tho time he has lu en a Bryan man. con ced? d Ihe Nebraskan's nomination, and regarding it upon the whole as the party best move. Senator Cul berson refused to allow himsfelf to bc uicd by the enemies oftDemocra cy. * Senator Dance) also hes ?hared in the golden guff which has flowed in a hip.h tide fri m Wall street sour ces. Ami yet he has never made a sign that hedesired or appreciated such attentions. He has twice sup ported Mr. Bryan for President, and while differing with him now on cer tain policies, is far from being his enemy, lithe expected happens at Denver. Mr. Bryan will have no more earnest or acti\e Supporter than the Senior Se nator from Vir ginia. He like Senator Gul berson re fused to he used by Wall Strict asa cat's paw to defeat Democracy. Gov. ?Johnson of Minnesota, has taken the anti-Bryan bait.L. He is said to he a poor iran, ard can not he putting up for what is being done in his name. There aro Johnson headquarters in Chicago, in Wash ington and one or two other places, and Johnson "literature" is circulat ing like leaves in an autumn wind. His living high, and going every where. There is quite a general de sire to know the details of an ac tively which can! not he for the health of the performers, and which in a suspicious world linds a variety of explanations. In other words, who is putting up the money to push the Johnson boom.* Is it Wall Street ro real Democrats who thinks so much of Mr. Johnson? SliNATOK Poraker is win king tho negro issue for all there is in it, and dei lares to the Senate that there must be "action on the Brownsville affair, or no adjournment," The Republicans are up against a tough proposition, and find they cannot serve two masters and will have to choose between Teddy and the ne gro. _ TilK Charleston Post says "Speak er Cannon is a vicious old partisan and a representative of the interests and a stand-patter and almost every thing else that is mean." That is a true indictment of the man wdio con trols all the legislation of thc coun try. NOT A ilOKSHLKSS AGK. fcaets (teeto to Indicate That It la Farther Away Than Ever. . Tho horseless age that, lum beeu so persistently predicted la not merely slow lu coming; the (acts seem to in dicate that ll ls Inrther n?av thu ot. ever and |?ei'liai s 'hay in ver . (.me. People must be riding a groat Jeal moro thun they ever rode before. Thu automobile Industry lu this, country has quadrupled in value In the last three year? and has devel oped at even a ?renter rate in tho ne inner of machines manufactured. Hut the statistics pf horseflesh keep on expanding. There were moro than fourteen mil lion horses in this country in I ti07. hut according to the ligures for the year just closed there are lil,71 ..uno horses in ihe United Stales Ut the present limo. This ls a gain ot nearly 4 0 percent, in a decade, a much larger one than the human clement cao show In spile of our large and con ti n Hons Importa tions As mechanical rivals multi ply he rises in the scale ot dignified personality. The last horse wilt probably lake his leave at about tho sanie time as the last niau.-Heston Transcript. Squeaky Shoos In Demand. .?. Sm ti 11 automatic pumps, very in geniously contrived spirited air la between tho layers nf the solos 0* each finished pair of shoes. "That beats me,'1 said tho visitor. "I never saw air put in shoe soles before. Pneumatic like that, aro they very springy?" "No,. they're noisy," answered the foreman of thu Lynn factory. "These shoes are lor the export trade. They go lo Africa. A native African judges the white mans shoes by their squeak. The louder thu squeak, the liner thu article. In tact, (be native' won't wear a non squenklng, silent shoe. lt ls wind between tho solea that make shoes squeak. Pot in enough and your fool gear will be as noisy as t wo pigs under a fence." A Plrelesj House. Td den: ons tr a te his faith lu tho practicability of electricity tor all dornest!-: purposes, au offlcii.l of un illinois electrical company has re cently built a hou..?* at Carrolltoii, 111., without a chimney or any other means of making ust. of fire. The 00use is heated by steam and the cooking done by electricity, both supplied by tho heal, tight and pow er company with which tho gentle man is connected. This construc tion marks the beginning of au ef fort to ohtain customers for current to bo used In tho kitchen, and u Biiecia) rato has beeu lix ?d for that aald a forester. "I'll tell yon how to do it, md the rule holds good not only lo re among our familiar pines iud walnuts, hut In the Antipodes, among Hie strangest banyans, bao babs and what-nots. Soft woo.I trees 'nive needle leaves, slim, narrow, al most uniform in breadth. If yo? don't believe me, consult the pine, tho spruce or thu fir. Hard wood trees nave broad leaves of various Bini pe- i he oak, the ebony, the wal li t, the mahogany and so on." livery Hird a Weathercock. "Where's the wind?" scoffed tho Bailor. "Why, look at tho turds - they'll tell you. Don't you know that livery birds a weathercock? Stop inolslenln? your finger and ouldie' il up," he went on, In a toni* ol disgust. "The practice ain't hardly cleanly Look at tho birds is all you gol to do, for every bird sets* with US bead always straight at the? wind. Every live bird in a tree ia as reliable a weathercock as them dead birds on the spires what ls so much considered in this hero Lentwu season.' Why (io to Hed? It seems to mo we make a mista ko in prescribing special hours for go ing o bed and getting up. Why should we thus gorge ourselves willi slumber? Why should wo not fol Irw the example of tile .!.,>. and lake an occasional mip when WU have not ti ing better to do? Why should wo go to bed when wo don't feel sleepy? Why should we liol tako forty wink? when inclined thereto? lt strikes mo there ls too much method and regularity about oin- soainherous ar rangements. Lon .on Graphic. Noiseless Europe. Railway whistles inflict torturo on BO many peopW Mitti tho efforts abroad to check th plague have won approval from tho puople. Austria has introduced a system of dumb sig naling to start and stop the trains. Belgium is trying compressed air whistles instead ol steam, and Gor mans experiments with 'MUDS. Statues to .Ministers. Considering how great a part the ministers of all our denominations have played In the national lifo for at least ten cent II ries, it is simply astounding to find how few aro tho statues that have been raised to them in public places during tho past livo hundred years or so.- Sunday Strand. Hardest lo l'ight. GosBlps aro almost invariably great Hara, "but," asks the Howard Courant with unexp otufl candor, "did you ever hear a story about yourself that wasn't partly true?"