Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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FARMER'S FRIENDS. SOM F, BIRDS THEY SHOULD PRO? TEOT As They Destroy Inser?s, Weed Seed . ?nd Numerous Other Enemies of the Farm. Tho substance of this article is hui ^u summary of an account of tho work "of the Biological Survey of the De partment of Agriculture, prepared for the National ideographic Magazine hy H VV. llenshaw. The Biological Survey was estab lished in ?886, with Dr. Cl lt. Mer riam as director. The relations of f. the, bird to the crops were not (hen j ?well understood. It ls not enough, I*-* says Mr. Honshaw, to be told that hirds feed on Insects; we munt know tho particular kinds they eat. Tho fact that the crow sometimes eats corn is not sufficient evidence an which to condemn the bird. Wo must learn thc nature of its food at all times; hence the necessity for the examination of the birds stom achs to learn not only the kinds of food eaten, but their relative quan tities. lt is not enough to know flint birds oat inser ts, or that they destroy crops. Binls are injurious al ono time and not at another; in one re gion a pest ; in another a blessing. The Tree Sparrow Beneficial. We may roughly group our small birds Into two classes --the seed oat ??rs and the insect eaters. Mr Tho seed eaters, mostly of the Sparrow family, have stout bodies and strong conical bills, especially designed for crushing seeds. Their name is legion and the family con tains more species limn any other group of birds.' lt is well that this is so. for the destruction of weed seed ls of tremendous Importance to the farmer, whose trouble lo keep ahead of the weeds, great as il is now, would be vastly increased were it not for the soberly-Chid and unob trusive little sparrows. We may get an idea of the value of the service these birds reader by noting what is done for the farmer by the tree-Simr row, one of the most confirmed seed eaters of the group. A quarter of an ounce of seed for a day is a safe estimate of the food of an adult troosparrow. On this reckoning, in bined consumption of weed seed by the sparrow family results In an an .'?.?hual saving of only 1 per cent, of the value of the crops the total .sum total saved to thefarmer in 1906 was $:,r.,ooo,ooo. Though seeds form the chief part of the subsistence of sparrows, the destruction of scods is by no moans all we have to thank these birds for. They eat many insects also, and scorns to know instinctively that while seeds aro excellent for adult birds, they are necessarily good for nestlings, and hence feed the hitter almost exclusively on insects. Sparrows, however, are not the on ly birds that consume the seeds of weeds. The Kastern quail or hob white is a confirmed eator of weed seed. Highly esteemed as bobwhite is by the epicure for food and by the sportsman as an object of pur suit, ho is probably worth so much more as a weed-destroyer thal tho farmer can ill afford to have him shot, even though the privil?ge is roundly paid for. A bevy or two of quai) on a farm is an asset the value of which no thrifty farmer should (jf?erlook. Doves also are seed ent ers, especially the turtle-dove, whose crop oftn is so packed with the KOGdH of weeds that it can hold no more. The farmer has no quarrel with birds that confine their attention to grass and weod seed, and welcomes their presence always and every where. There ari' birds, howovor, which eat suc h seeds as com. wheal md barley, and whoso place in the [armer's esteem is by no means so C'dl assured the crow and th? aokbirds for instance. There are evernl kinds of blackbirds which at Imes attack crops as also docs the row. The destruction by the crow .f meadow mice, and of cutworms ind other insect pests and the de tructlon of many kinds of Insects hy he blackbirds, however, are consid red in most localities to offset tho minago done in other ways and even o leave a balance in favor of the ii rds, Birds That Kat Insects. Many Ards, ns flycatchers, warb- | ors, swallows and chimney-swifts, ive exclusively, or almost so, on Irt OCts, and very many more, as black- ( ilrds, orioles, and some hawks, de ictic! on them for ?1 considerable part , if their livelihood. The little spar- ] ow-hawk lives very largely upon x ;rasshoppers, crickets and beetles, j md even one of the larger hawks , gm ho Swainson hawk ol' th?' Western llalns-at certain seasons destroys Hough of these injurious insect , to <. ether with small rodents, to save he Western farmer upwards of a . .und red thousand dollars n ?ca r , If all Insects preyed upon vcget-i- t ir?n 00r Inquiry '"to Ocr? VfilttO of , all insects ?rc destructivo of vege tation, and their relations to each other and to birds are very complex and puzzling' The insects that foec" on vegetation at some stage or oilier of their existence probably encounter all others, both lu number of species and of individuals; but there are two other classes of insects which deserve attention hore, tin- prodaceons and ttie parasitic. The predaceous in socts. either in the adult or larval state, feed upon other Insects and hence in tho main ?ire beneficial. It would seem, therefore, that in so fili as birds destroy predaceous insects do them harm. That birds do de stroy a greater or less number can not he denied, hut as many specie's of this group secrete nauseous fluids, which serve, in a measure at least, to protect them, and as many are of rodi lng habits and not readily found, the number destroyed by hirds ls rel atively not large. Moreover, some of the predaceous insects, when insect food is not available, become vege tarians, and hence assume the role of enemies of the farmer; so that when birds destroy predaceous In serts they may be doing the farmer oit her a good turn or an ill turn, according to circumstances. The relation of birds to the so called parasitic insects ls stilt more intricate and puzzling. Parasitic In sects hil a very Important (dace in tho economy of nature; it is even claimed hy entomologists that they do more effective sorvice in aiding to keep true tho balance in the insect world than any other agency. They attack insects in every stage of ox Isence and insure their destruction hy depositing eggs, on, or in, the bodies ol' adults, their larvae (the worin or caterpillar Stage), their pupae, or their eggs. Now, hirds recognize no fine distinctions in the insect world. All is grist that comes to tin1 avian mill, and parasitic insects are snap ped up hy hirds wi! bout the slightest regard to the fact that they are use ful to man. Hence wo have a compli cated problem to unravel in respect to tho inerrelation of Insect pests, of insect parasites thal, destroy them, and of hirds thal destroy both pest and (heir parasites. Hawks and Owls Reneiiclnl, The hawks and red owls spend most of their lives in killing small rodents. Their work is complementary. Hawks hunt their prey between Hie hours of daylight and dark; owls bimi in the early evening and morning hours, or hy moonlight; sometimes when pressed by hunger hy day. The bulk of the depredations on hirds and chickens due to hawks is are too often made victims of a bad name; for while both species occa sionally snatch a chicken, Hie habit is far too uncommon to justify the name "hen-hawk." The good those two big hawks do in the long run hy Model of lOconomy, A certain farmer who is noted for his closeness In money ma I lei s has a IL' year old son. who is industrious as his father in penurious. Recently the father mid son made a compact whereby the latter would receive ten cents for every cord nf wood he sawed and filled In tin wood shed. Immediately the hoy been mo very busy nt the wood pile und bis earning have been piling up al a rapid rate, his mother keeping her son's hard earned savings for him. "What are you going lo do with all your motley?" the thrifty youth was recently asked. ' ('.oin' to buy a new saw with lt," was the reply. Democratic County Convention. On Saturday, April 2f?, the various county precinct clubs of the Demo cratic patty of ??tl Hie counties will meet to elect delegates to Ihr county convention which meets on May 4. Ruch club is entitled to one delegate for U"> members or majority fraction thereof and at the county convention 10 delegates will he elect ed for the State Democratic conven tion which noels May 20 in Colum bia. The precinct clubs will organ izo with the election of a president, i vice president and a secrelarj ami roasurer. She was a little girl and very [lollto. 'Twits the first time she had ?eon on a visit alone, and she had icon told how to behave. "Now, Kthel, should they ask you o stay and dine, you must say, 'No, haul; you, 1 have already dined." It turned out .inst as papa had inliclpnted. "Come along, Rthel," said the host, 'You must have a bite with us." "No, thank you," said the dignified ittle girl. "I have already Hit ten." When a man in search of a home >r business location goos io a town md finds everybody full of hope and inthtisiasm over prospects ol the ?lace, he too, soon became InibllhcJ Vit ll the same spirit, drives down lis stake:-, and goes to work with .qua! interest. "Pa, what ls the menning of in onslstency?" asked Freddy. "Inconsistency, my son." explained ni, "means a man who growls all lay and then goos home and kicks ho dog for barking at night." Har .?....? Weekly. e cheaper advice is to get thc lt costs to follow it. JOHDAX l'HGES HKD?UCTION. President of Cotton Association AU* vises Partners to Curtail Acreage. In a signed statement to tile tai m?is of Hie Hont li issued last woo?, Hal vie Jordan, president ol' the Southern Cotton association, tiroes a reduction in cotton acreage ol per cent. Unless this is done, he says, pricer, will bo lowered in tho fall. Mr. Jordan also urges grow ers to hold to what remnants of cot ton they have. His statement seys in part' "With a shortage In the world's supply of cotton amounting to 4,000 000 bales, due lo had seasons las! year, the price of cotton continues to go steadily down. American mills have been for some time cur tailing the manufacture of cotton goods, due to trade depression and the condition of the foreign trade is none too bright at the present time. If the same acreage is planted in cotton this year thal was planted lu lim? and followed hy good seasons in America, India and Kgypt, ibo growers will lind hut lil ile or no profit in the harvest next fall." THE KA ST IO lt SKASON. This WeeU tile .Mos! Sacred ?if tile Whole Year. Last Sunday was Palm Sunday, which is (?ne of Hw most notable days of the year, being Ibo hist Sun day in I.em. the Hrs I day ol Holy Week and the Sunday immediate!,/ preceding Kastor, li commemorates christ's triumphal entry into Jerusa lem, accompanied hy the inuit ii mle who greeted Him with hosannas, waving palin branches and .'(alter ing them before! Him in Hie way. All over ih,. \vOiid. the week ron morning with Palm Smithy is observ ed as tho most sacred ol' all the year. There is now hardly a conni ry op. the globe which does liol hold some to whom its olihservnnces are among the most precious of their experi ences. Many of tim churches of cer tain denominations are decorated with flowers and evergreens. in the observance of the Easter season, which many find so spiritual ly helpful, wo have the stimulus of ' sense of oneness, knowing that we join with an inn uniera Ide co in pun y :>f worshippers. The coming Sa bbs tn is Kastei', and on that day. at least, Hie whole Christian world is one. in commemorating and rejoicing in the fl i.."., 1 r- .. -? * - . .. .v v., .,,ui?gei u? oe-I .ause his parents objected to his] naniago io Hattie Majkow'ski. aged IT years. Louis llolski, aged IS years 111 Ot and seriously wounded I he girl it her home friday morning. llolski called (ju his sweetheart he night before and a quarrel fol lowed. Ile told her thai he had come o kill her and kill himself. "My mother says you can't have mo," he said, "and il I can't marry ?.on. i'm going to end it all." Helero (he girl could cry ont, Hoi - ?kl had pulled a revolver from his [locket and fired ttl her. The girl ' 'ell and llolski ian away. Miss Majkowski said that Holski tad declared that he pitt two bullets, inc for her and one foi himself, Holski and the girl hn\e hoon keep ug company two years. His mother lowever, objected io their marriage j ind Holski had been despondent. * lestroying vats and mice far moro' han compensates the farmer for the insignificant damage he : liff er S at heir talons. Holli hawks and owls often swal ow thoir prey entire or in large frag md often some of the feathers. Avian ind ven some of the feathers. Avian ligestion is both good and rapid, hut s is unequal to the task of assimila inj; such substances, and accordingly Killi hawks and owls throw up these ejecta in the boin of neatly rolled ?ellet?. In studying the food habits if birds of prey much use is made if tin e pellets, and the vicinity ol nest of a pair of horned owls, for listan.c often contains an unniistak ble ii tord of the birds' food, and icrhap" that of the young, for non? hs or even years. l'i?..ii tho foregoing it will at once Pjost that the practico of offering mu o' i es indiscriminately for tho tends of hawks and owls, as bas icon done hy some states, is a mis ake. and results not only in tho .'ns?lng (?f public funds, hut in the esl ruction of valuable lives, which an he replaced, il at all, only with reit difficulty ami aller the lapse f a term of years, lu no one pnrtlc ilar does the public, especially lin1 portsnian and fanner, need to ho ducafed mort! than in the value of iiwks. The temptation 'to shoot ti awk or owl, perching or Hying, is .?Ol 1 nigh irresistahle, and tho bad tlbil i: having the natural result of 0 reducing the numbers of these Irds ns to make it Impossible for he survivors to do Hie \/ork nature utonded them to do. Tho notable icrease of noxious rodents in the ist decade in certain parts of the Initod SL'iteM and the resulting darn go to crops without doubt are due 1 no small part to tho destruction of heir natural enemies, ediiof of which re the birds of prey, j Ignoranco of tho law) docs not ex ose any one. ' \ PICKS H HY WA HD TO WIN. Columbia Banker Hays Ho Will Bc (ho Next Senator. That Duncan Clinch lleyward will be the next United Stales Senator from South Carolina ls the opinion expressed by W. A. Clark, presi dent of (he Carolina National Dank, of Columbia, tn au interview in The Washington. Post. "The contest bel ween Bx-Cov John Gary Evans and ox-Oov. lleyward will bo hard fought probably," says Mr. Clark, "but J think thc lotter will win. Hi> ls a high ?lass man In every respect, and is allied with no element." .Mr. (Mark predicts (he reeled lon of Hov. Ansel next fall wi? bout ser ious opposition, and savs the Dem ocrats will be for Bryan in Hm na tional congress and the Uepuhlicans lor Taft. * A 1.1 ?KUM AX IS lOXIM-H.l.i:!). Norwood's Name Knisod from Holls ol' Columbia City Council. At a meeting Tuesday night the Columbia City Council erased from the roll (d' mom hors the name of Keast er A. Noorwood. "roi- conduo.! unbecoming an Alderman," becatise he recently pleaded gullly before?n magistrate of petit larceny. Not ;t dissenting vole against Hie resolution expelling him was cast. ritlOAK Ob I.M.HT.MNH. Kills Two Horses Hut Did Not Kill thc Driver. Tuesday morning lightning struck a buggy, driven by I ht HOV Tracey, ;i farmer, near Adams station. Ca li shattered a wheel ami killed Ute (wo horses. The boll ian lo the leather reins and divided into two parts, fol lowing Ibo reins to the heads ol' (he horses. Mr. Tracey was shocked, hut not seriously Injured. A man who sent ;i dollar for a "potato hug killer'' received two blocks of wood with the following dit eel ions: "Take the block whioh is No. 1 lu tho right hand, place (he bug on No. 2 and press lbeni together. Re says: There is no sense in sending dele gates who can not he trusted to truly represent tho State, and at the same time exercise judgment. If the sentiment bc in favor of Bryan, i let tho convention elect only those who arc known to favor Bryan, but Ido not bind them hand and foot and send them as mere baggage checked to Mr. Bryan. While favoring him. circumstances may arise where thc delegates nullit deem it advi >able to vote for some other man and they should be free to exercise their judgment. Thc State says the Journal and Review "is laboring under a misap prehension; it is not a question of trust, it is a question of representa tion. If delegates aro sent to Na tional conventions to speak for themselves, act upon their judgment and be responsible to none, then they should bc free to vote as they please. But if they aro going to bear a message from thc Slate of South Carolina to thc other Demo crats of the country and to vote, not for themselves, but for tho ma jority of thc Democrats of South Carolina then the judgment of South Carolina should be binding. " If The Journal and Review will consider for a moment it will con cede that delegates instructed to vote for a certain candidate arc not "as mere baggage checked to" that man, but are sent to discharge the honorable duty of representing their State at the convention, and declar ing tho expressed will of their peo ple as regards candidates for thc presidency. That is, in our judg ment, a higher honor than represent ing themselves, or exercising perso nal judgment. It is also more in harmony with Democratic principles. If a majority of thc Democrats of South Carolina advocated the nomi nation of Mr.Bryan as the standard bearer of the party, South Carolina's vote should be cast for him; thc peo ple may bc in error but it is of first consequence that their will, right or wrong, bc declared. If, on thc other hand, the people have no choice, no preference, no favorite, then they must rely upon thc judg ment of the delegation. The ques tion seems to us a very simple one for Democrats to decide." THE Evening Sun, a bright paper started at (?reenville some time ago, has suspended publication. Tin-; American made watch tba' is sold to thc English retailer for $7.-il costs the American retaileh $10.15. This may explain why the "frienda of Hie tariff" want the job of revising it, says tho Commoner, Tine President is saki to threaten a veto of the public buildings bill in order to force Honcrona to pro A KING'S FOCKETS. Someone lias Ascertained Precisely What He Janice in Them. Like ovur.v inna who curries Ihe look of his clotho? Kill? ICdward carries very Utile In his pockets besides a handkerchief, in his waistcoat pock et he earlies a gold pened case, a cigar cutter, u little pass key, u gold watch, carefully regulated by Green wich, tinto, and a half a aoy.cn sover eigns. In lils coal pocket <.?> canns a tiny notebook and in the whiter he pata his gloves in ?tn. pneaet of his topcoat. Phis king never carries a rlrar-ease. except a gold euse which holds Olio Cigar, bul bc always luis a small Pox ol' lozenges. Unlike bis nephew, tho Kaiser, he never ?arries a fountain pen in his pocket. Hearing Koth Sider. Last summer lhere (ted at Wash ington a lawyer who for many years had shocked a lurg< Hanmer of his friends by his rather liberal views touching religion. A friend ot tue deceased, who cut short ?i ('anadian trip io hurry back lo Washington tor Hie purpose of at tending the last riles of Ins colleague, entered the late lawyer's nome some minutes altor tho beginning ol' Hie servir?. "What pari of the Hervir? lg this?" he inquired in a whisper ol' another levai friend standing in Hie crowded Hallway. "I've jusl rome myself," sahl tho other, "but l believe they've opened foi the defense." ibu pei s Weekly. Oldest Congregational Pastor. The oldest Congregational pastor in lOllglaud is Hie Kev. Thomas Cord, (d' llormastte. Lincolnshire. Al though he completed bis ninety ninth year on April L'2 last, Mr. Lord still lakes art ?\e patt in religious work. lt? ? ? illly bo pi'< ?< u< d h.:- live thous andth sermon on the se ve nt y-ilurd anniversary of his ord I mi Hon. Ow lng io failing eycidghl iii" veteran pastor lao; lo trust entirely lo bis memory, which is so lear that he e in recite entire chapters of Scripture. Farthest Point North, Point Harrow. Alaska, is Uncle Sam's farthest point north. A lol ler from Del roll lo Poinl Harrow goes lirsf by train lo Seattle, S5,r.<)ft miles; theil by orean strainer lo Valdez. 1,(100 miles farther north and west; mon dog sleds, oxer iee and snow 2,TOO miles more to thc north and west, The letter travels in ene direction over fi.SOU milos--all ik#> dinlnneo tn director of customs is to announce Ihe first of each month thc rate of ex change thai is lo govern for the month. Kor September, 1007, (ho premium on gold was flxou at 47.S por cen!. To Improve thc Port of Valparaiso. A loan of ^.i.?OO.OOO lil ."> per cent has been accepted by the Govcrutnen! of Chile, the proceeds to be used in improving (he pori of Valparaiso, lt is proposed lo donnie Ibo capacity ot the docks and increase the facilities of the custom house, lt is slated thc work b io be taken up Immediately and pushed to completion. No Concellatloii Orders. Manufacturers of balbriggan under wear from ali paris of New York state, representing ai least no per ccu! of Ibis hi'lfdness Hiere, recently niel In Utica, and, aller a general dis cussion of Hie market conditions, un animously adopPa) a r?sid ?t iou lp the effect thal tho mills would accept no cancellalion orders. Cleveland Annexing Boroughs. Cleveland is aol conten? willi hav ing become lue chief ell} lt: Ohio by Ihe census of 1000, bul has ,usl voted lo annex one ul brr llourisillllg sub urbs. The Cleveland I eader confiden tly prophesies (bal foiir ot her suburbs will be annexed io ihat city bet?re uno. He'll Divide, He S ivs. Congressman Nicholas Longworth's answer to the report (hal he hus won $3,000,000 on Wall street, is in sub stance, (bat he'll divide with the mau v. ho pro\ i s il. Tea 7 Cent? * Pound. One tea company 111 India bas Hil ler cultivation c.i.'ai acres, while an other has 1,303 acres, ll costs lo pro duce Ihe len and place ii in (he mark et at Calcutta from 7 to !' cents a pound. If you arc looking for '?.. gloom v things you will |ire' \ . to lind (hem Hut if von a iHllg for the bligh4 ihincs yOn . . ..iso be pretty sure of finding ... "How is >. boy at college soi ling ab . ais language studies?" "He's mg just about even. He Ino iud l?ngllsh and learned 1" .. pi talk baseball." "Why did you resign from lim vege tal ian (lilli?" "1 was expelled because 1 called ono of the mom hers a cali."- Fliegende Hlaettar. Friend---An' how's yer wile, Mike? Mike- Sure, she's awful sick. Friend--ls it dangerous she ls? Mike-No, she's too weak to bo dangerous nny more. FOUT. MAN TRIDE8. rho Chcroki i Are the Moot Advanced it. Civilization. The Che oi ?os, who tracked Do goto's foolhiep? tor many weary days while bc was inarching through the Southern forests and swamps and who Loo welcomed Oglethorpe to Georgia, are Hu . ?:? si advanced In dians in civ ili/uC.oi. the most eager for education, spending $200,000 a year on their schools and colleges. The Chickasaws have live colleges, with 400 students, maintained at a yearly cost of $4?,000. They niso liavo Hi i rf ecu district schools, coating $li>, ooo. Thc Choctaws have 150 schools, In some of which tho higher branches are taught. The Seminoles, one of the smaller trihes. have ten colleges and sixty live common schools, with a total attendance of 2,1)00. Nectr; of thc Golden Fr-< c. Every pair of eagles whose habits 1 have hud an opportunity of watch ing over a period of a few years would seem to have Invariably at least two alternative sites fer their nests: BO nie have Ihre?' and I know of one with four siles in fad. : only know of one pail- out of many nea habitually resort to hut one pla. and oiilv one. T'm> reason for this is, however ap parent, for owing io Its situation it lias never been disturbed. Th - nest is hi a sinai! cavern on the taco of an absolute wall of limestone rock eu me 800 feel high, at about 400 feel from 'Im summit. Above the Cliff il t." l as Of fooSO stone ,'lt Hil ungle ol 16 degrees oi so, above which ai;;iin rise other preclnlcos. To reach the ii cn ree t point above this nest would be a long day's work. '" 1 i The Double Canals on Mars. For the first time the much-discuss, ed double canals on the planet Mars have been eau yb I on a photographic plate. Professor David Todd of Am. lu i.st College <?:d it. 15,000 feet above sin level in ?bu Chilean Andes, with his line ceb s lui enmura, made by Gaertnei of chicago, especially for Hu college telescope, which has an object glass ls Inches in diameter, and is the larges! ever used in tho Southern ix inlsphere. Joke on Governor Hoch. There seems 'o be a joke on Oov_ ci mn lim b of Kansas. He appoint n.i i p \v-.,m "f fiona Oonntv a li re Wade ,v., Ike def'.ult. i . IIIUU ?>ie.i. ..?,._,, kilts WJ miii. Has the Freedom of Morocco. At least one European has tho free dom of Morocco without danger of molestation or capture. Mme. Du Oas!, a pretty society woman of Par is, who had visited tl.e country ne. fore, was commissioned sometime ago by the French Government to in v est ?Kate ami report on the agricul tural resources of Morocco. She has made many journeys Into Hie inter ior, being furnished with escorts sometimes by Raisuli, tue famous bandit; sometimes by the pretender Muley Mohammed, and occasionally by Ihe Sultan himself. Rattles of the Rattlesnake. The rallies of (he rattlesnake, Ile edgewise. lt ?s evident (hat they must do so. Inasmuch as they arc hut continuations <>f the backbone. The snake carries the rallies on tho ground except when he raises them t? sound his warning. This will ho evidenced by the fact that in every .make of any si/.e that is. killed tho i nti les an- worn through on lae un. der side. Mr. Jacob A Hiis tells of a little boy who earned his living hy black ing boots. Every Sunday he attend ed a mission school. Tills school, I h i;ou gb its well.meaning toachors, decidid to have a Christmas lice. Tho gills for Hu pupils were provided for lbein hy the teachers and some pat. rons of the school. Jimmy, the bootblack was thero Christmas I've, but was much dis appointed when his present proved to bo a copy of Browning's poems. Ho folded it c an fully in tho paper In which bi' received it, and took lt home. The next Sunday thc superintend ent of the mission school announced that any child who was disappointed with hi- or her gift could exchange it. .lim.ny marched boldly to the. front willi his. "What have you there, Jimmy?*' "Mrowning. sir." "And what do you want in ex. change?" "Blacking, sir." Queen of Siam's Jewels. The Queen ol" Siam possesses tho finest collection of jewels in the world. The walls of her bed chamber aro literally ablaze with precious slimes, while in a safe in her Majesty's o pnrtments are diamonds, rubles, pearla and emeralds, fashioned Into quaint necklaces of fabulous value One Utile article aione. intended to serve as a thimble, is in the shapo of a lotus flower and is valued at ? 15,000. Only those things that are put Into living are learned.