The Marlboro democrat. (Bennettsville, S.C.) 1882-1908, March 17, 1905, Image 2

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Tlie iVL?rlbdro' Democrat. _ -' - - " - "DO T1IOU, GREAT LIBERTY, INSPIRE OUR SOULS AND MAKE OUR LIVES IN THY POSSESSION HAPPY FOR OUR DEATHS GLORIOUS IN THY CAUSE." * YOL. XX)/ BENNETTSVIIXE, S. C., FRIDAY, MARCH 17, 1905. NO. 12. THE OIL TRUST. Kansas and Other States Are Fighting the Standard. CAUSE OF THE FIGHT. An Interesting Account of the Trouble as Told by a Correspondent of the Omaha World-Herald, .Who Makes Out a Bad Case Against Them. The fight against the Standard Oil vTru8t by tho people of Kansas is at tracting world-wide attention and people In all sections of the country are showing their sympathy for Kan sas. On February 21, the Illinois legislature adopted a resolution oiler lng to lend the State of Kansas the sum of 1100,000 without interest, for a period or sL- years to aid in estub j, llshing a state oil refinery. This res olution referred to the Standard Oil trust as "that merciless octopus whose tentacles now encircle every state In the union." Another resolu tion provided for the appointment of a joint commission to confer with the state offlcialB of Kansas and to sgree on steps to be takc-n for pipe lines to aid common carriers. indiana oil prod?cela have organized to tight the oil trust and they will urge the erec tion of a state refinery. The bill has been Introduced In the Texas legisla ture, making thc pipe lines ot ihat state available to incependent pro ducers and lt is prc posed by some that the state erect a retinery. Oklahoma la likewise considering the erection of a state refinery, together with the proposition to make oil ptoducers pre serve a uniform price throughout the state. An interesting description of the troubles between Kansas and the oh trust ls given by Fiank P. Gallagher, ' the staff correspondent for the Omaha World-Herald, in a dispatch to that newspaper, under date of Topeka, Feb 21. Mr. Gallagher says: 'Tt was a bitter experience with the sinister in fluences of Standard Oil that led the people of Kansas, but as late as two years ago the oil industry amounted to little. Twelve years ago Standarc Oil wriggled into Kansas under the deceptive title of the Forest Oil com pany. Departing from its historic polioy, the Standard Oil management determined to develop the fields with out walting for the people to catch the oil fever. Near Neodesha In Wil son county many wells were sunk, but tho oil roi used to gush and the boi ings were abandoned. Standard Oil relinquished its leases to hundreds of S"re8 and sunendertd the task of de velopment to thc prospectors and prn motere." The first important strike was mad: by Charles Knapp, six years agu, at Chanute, near one of the abandon d properties of the Forest Ci) company. A little later it waa found that Peru Kansas, was located ou a vast oil de posit. Soon nearly every town lol had its oil well, and the Forest Oil company returned to the field with renewed vigor. As the business de veloped the Forest Oil company under went several changes. Its small c?.p italization disappeared, and ou Jauh ary 7, 1901, it took the nan e of the Prairie OH and Gas company and in creased Its cap? lal stuck to 82,500,000. Tho company then built pipe In e tu Neodesha from Chanute and at the latter point a retinery was establish ed. In 1002 the supply of oil was still unsatisfactory to the Standard Oil folk, and in urder tu create a huon, it suddenly raised the prie; of crude oil from ?0 cents to $1.10 a barrel Tho effect was magical. In twelve months tho output grew from 322, 000 barrels with a value of *28!>,u0i> to 1,018,000 with a value of $l,l2o. 018. A greater part of the output waa taken by the Standard Oil com pany, but each day E. J. Webster, who bas nullt an independent retinery at Humboldt, Kan., look 2uu barrels. In the meantime, Standard Oil, ac cording to Mr. Gallagher, had beeo whetting its oimitar <vith the luton tion of striking down the entire hide pendent oil industry of Kansas. Th capacity of Its plant at Neodesba w >s adoed to unlil it had reached 300,000 barrels of crude oil a day. The ^i^e lints were extent ed until Hie main conduit ran frc.m Tulsa in thi Osage nation south of the Kansas hlate doe through Kansas to Kansas City, Mo At Chaney, Neodesha, Altoona and Humboldt, the Piairie Oil and Gas company built giant tanks, arid began to store oil. By January 1, 1906, lt had a total Btcck on hand oi 5,448,034 barrels. Until last Auges', when the Standard finished Hs system of pipe lines through the slate, oil had been bringing prices ranging, fr. m $1.20 to $1.40 a barrel, according to its speciii gravity. ID was at this juncture tba Standaid Oil sprung its trap, Sn which the oil producers arid consumers of Kansas and the single iudepei dent oil refiner, E. J. Wet s ter, are silli tquir min;,, but wllh a show of life that astonishes thc captor. The ptice of erude oil began to fall. In ft ur re ductions the prices were cut to 72 cts. for a barrel of the bust oil. A in tner smash of 2 cents was made on Janu ary 31, lliOf). To what a low level prices for crude oil had sunk is illus tratcd in the following comparative table: Western crude oil prices-32 degree and above, 70c; 31 ? to 32, ??u; 31 to 31 J, (10c; 30? io 31, 55c; 30 to 30 J, 50c; 2?! io 30, 45, ; 21) to 29J, 10c; 281 to 20, 35c; 28 to 281, 30c; 22 to 28 heavy, 2?u per barrel. Bartlesville, I. T., 82c per barrel. Eastern crude oil price: Pennsylvania, $1.40; Tiona, $1.66; .Corning, $1.07; iN^w Castle, 91.31; North Lima, 03c; South loma, 88o per barrel. Indiana, 88c; Somer set, 81c; Ragland, 63c; Petrolia, Ont., $1.33 per barrel. The Prairie OH and Gas Company then made such rules relative to tests that the owner of a high quality of oil received no moro than one whose output was of an Inferior quality; moreover, thc Standard Oil's inspec tors did all the grading. In some in-1 stances they graded the oil high and when the time camn to buy they re graded the same oil in a lower class! fi oation. There were other Injustices that aroused Intense indignation tlon among the produc?is, but the worst blow was yet to fall. As s..on as the Standard had completed Its conduits lt could transport its oil without shipping by rail. This the independent dealer could not do. lt was then that the railways advanord tho rates from 10 cents to 17 cents per 100 pounds. In addition to this, thc railways arbitrarily ruletl that a gal lon should be held to 7? instead of 4 pounds. The effect was to r;i's> the cost of shipping a car of oil to Kansas City and o her river markets from $45 to 398. The further effect was to prevent the producers from shipping their oil aud they wpre compelled to accept Standard Oil prices at the wells. The mi st remarkable fact in this connection is that the fourrait ways involved, the S^nta Fe, the Mis souri Pact lie, the 'Frisco and the Missouri, Kansas & Texas, ab-olutily went out of the. lucrative business of i transporting oil and they did this simply hecaub'0 the Standard had so commanded. Speakit g to this correspondent, J. 1 M. Parker, secretary of the State Oil Producers' association, said; "If the railways would g've us the original rate of 10 cents per 100 pounds, or $45 a car, we could ship all of our oil to Kansas City and other points and it would give us 31 per barrel at the i well. It would give the railways 100 carloads of freight every day. Hut the Staudard OU company tells the railroads to desist from hauling any i il whatever, and by an exorbitant rate forcing us to sell to thc Stand ard, tho only market lu the tields, at a price of 47 couts a barrel, which, under thc compulsory rates demanded from tho railways by the trust, nets tho producer 7 cents more than if ho had used the railways." Mr. Gallagher adds: "While the ' men who are attacking Standard Oii realize the great pewer of this corpo ration they express confidence that Kansas will yet be able to gain the mastery. A BLIND TIGER MAN killed by Train While Traneportinc I Contmbnnd Whiskey. The Columbia Record savs at half- ? pastone o'clock Friday morning Chief 1 Constable Osborne was Informed that 1 a mau transporting contraband liquor had boen run over at?d killed at Biau ey's by the Seaboard train. That station is in Kershaw county, twenty one miles from Coulumbla, and it is ? has been a favorite station for blind ? tiger dealers to hold their shipments of liquor, afterwards transporting it by wagons to Columbia Ohler Os borne immediately detailed Con stables Pogues, Il irley and Poland I to go to H aney's by buggy, and early < Friday morning he had a conversation I with them over the 'phone. > Chief Osborne says that he learned I that the man's name ls diaries Thompson and tbat he was originally i from Lexington county. Ile was a . white mau who was an employe of W. H. Sellers, the so-called "blind 1 tiger king," ol Columbia. A carom- 1 taiuing tue shipment of liquor had ? heeti hide tracked, according to Mr. Osborne's information, and Thomp > sjti had loaded a two-horse wag n with the booze. The wagon contained ' live barn ls of half pints of a brand 1 liieged to be dealt in by Sellers and known by his customers as ''King's C loico." In all there were aboul 200 i b Hies in the barrels aud beside.-. I them there were six kegs of liquor, i Thompson in his journey Columbia i waid had occasion to cross tue Sea- > board track. i The hour, so far as can be learned, . bout ll u cit ck Friday night, ano 1 I ie Seaboard vestibuled tr du, which . was late, was thundering Its way ' northward. According to Mr. O,- 1 bone's information received Friday 1 morning, Thompson, who is s id LO J have been drunk, either dr .ve o\er 1 an e muankmeut on the railroad, or in 1 en eavoring to cross it. his team som- - how got "stuck." From persons In 1 the neighborhood the coi.stables 1 learned that immediately after the 1 wagon got on the track the train run- ' nlng at a rapid pace hove in s'g it and 1 but a short distance away. ll. said 1 tlat Thom psi n, though drunk, made a f iain lc effort to wave the train down, but his wagon getting on th track and tho approach of the llyii g | i rain were events too close together for the one to ge . olT or the other to s<op. lt is n t known why Tm mp son did not save himself by genii.g i'ff,i lo* track, but he ok.u't. Tu? train struck bim and the wagon, killing him and two mul-'K, and scattering the vehicle and hoeze to the winds. Wonderful to relate, however, little of the wniskey was destroyed. Ce barrel with its bottle contents w.is o:oken, but thu rest was intact and was confiscated by the constables. St natur lino. Dead. A dispatcu fiom Washington says Senator Bateo' Tennessee died at ti o'clock Thursday morning at the 10obiUj House, of pneumonia and de fective heart. Ele was seventy-eight years o.d. He attended the inaugura taon c?r?monie.?- ai d death ls believed to be due lo expesure tm that occa sion. He suffered a slight chill that day. Ile occupied his seat In the Sen ate Tuesday week. He became sud denly Ul that evening at the dinner table and steadily grew v/orse. His lungs improved, but weakness of the heart c< milmed. He was ontlrely cou scous and asked to be burned at Nash ville. He served in the Confederate army, from private, to major general. t\ UiiBlm Hr* Woman. Mr. E. S. McKinzle died at Grove, Greenville county, on Monday night of last week aged GO. Since lier hus band's death ten years ago sho had run successfully a large farra and the largest dalry in thc Piedmont section, her herd consisting of 110 cows. HhuotillK M ii.pr. In a fight between Robert Whit lock and two negroes near Spartan burg on Tuesday of last week tho ne groes fired several shots from a breach loading shotgun, missing Whitlock out hitting his aunt and her little girl. Whltlcck responded with a six shooter, but missed. WHAT IT MEANS. What the Southern Cotton Asso ciation Proposes to Do. WHAT IT STANDS FOR. President Harvie Jordan Makes a Sue-1 cinct Statement ol What the Move ment Hopes to Accomplish and How it Proposes to Accomplish lt. As many people throughout tho I south are nut thoroughly familiar .?.??itb the purposes of the Southern Cotton assoclatlon?.-'*-?sldent Harvie Jordan has written'! l^rtlcle which ! fully sots forth the scope?v.-l work which has been undertaken and ex plains in detail what is to be acsom plisned. Mr. Jordan calls attention to thc fact that the movement is by i.o means conlined exclusively to the farmers of thc south, but states that lt is a movement for the whole south in which every line of business ls In terested. Mr. Jordan's arti jle ls as| follows: WHAT "WK STAND KOU. There are thousands of people who | do not yet understand what the South ern Cotton associntion stands for, who I created the association or what the | iissociatiun ls now undertaking to per form. People in all lines of business, farmers, merchants, bankers, editors uf newspapers and others still have a vague and indistinct idea of the scope Ot this movement. Many people In all walks of life appear to think that the Souttiern Cotton association ls distinc tively a farmers' movement to be op j rai-ti along tho line of the old Farm-1 ars' Alliance, and in which the inter est of other lines of business ls only In cidental to the Immediate carrying out mid perfection of the resolutions intro it ueed and passed at the New Orleans cotton convention January 24 to 20, 1905. The mind of every man who en tertains sucii opinions, which are ouly partial outlines of this great move ment, should better Inform himself 1 aud begiu tu fully understand that the | SooilK.ro Cotton association stands for no particular class, that it stau os for tue solid south and all classes in | tho routh that ar? tnterented In ad vanciug and promoting the future) prosperity of this Immediate section l j! our great uulon. The original idea | iud intention of the Farmers' Alli ince was good as far as it went, but | unfortunately it did not go far enougli, was not sufficiently broad and liberal1 in its bcope among its tenets taught ul lagon ism and prejudice between the farmers and those with whom they bad to deal. The result was disaster | ?ven beiore that great movement be same liually stranded on tue barren rocks Ol a political upheaval. The Southern Colton association will avoid I the dangers anu pitfalls which wrcck sd aud ruined tao etforts of the farm-' ars in the past and whicu failed to eu hat the active cooperation and sup port of the business interests of tm 3 u..try. The interest of the farmer, merchant, banker, und southern spin uer aro all joined together und the | jucce.-.s or iailuie of one ls inierdepeu cut UDJII thc otner. Wc, therefore, must ri e or fall togetuer and no I .iiiKle cass eau expect to succeed tba. Judd takes to monopolize and jeoparo zilne inteie.sts ot too o.tiers. Wi italid tor tue supremacy of ihe souih ignculturaily, commeiciaily auu luancialiy. To succeed we must all | du hands together to work in a com non cause for the attainment of a| lOmoion end. Toe cardinal principle of the asso la.ion is to safflguaid and p.oteci idle value of the great money crop or ihe south-cottou. Upou the price uf J taw Cottou paid to the larmer ueueuds j uot only tue prosperity of the grow ars, but the prisp ray of every legi timate business and prwfeasiou hi tuc -outn. hy the price of cotton ls regu lated real estate values, increased or iKC:eased school facilities, the im provemeutsor retardment of tue pub bc highways, incr< asea ol d ininishiug uuauiifuciuring Industries and uaukiug e^pt.l. lndeeu tue price of cotton 11 gL lat? s the pulse of tuc south's lu uustrtal advancement winn lt sells ail a prolit to the producer, and lucks the | wheels of trude aud creates tiuaueliii depression when sold at prices below tho cost of production. To bring the whole south together in an earnest auu active cllort to assist tho growers In regulating the supply of raw cotion to meet the legitimate demands of the world for corsumption and to main tain the price at a s.able ligure, prof itable tillke tJ Loth the producer and the spinner, ls the primary purpose of the Southern Cottou association. NO KNOWLEDGE OK CONSUMPTION. Too southern people aro only in formed as to the pioduotlon cf cotton. They know but little or nothing abouti the distribution of raw cotton among the spindles of che world and the con sumption of thc finished fabrics among ! tue civilized nations of the globe I whose peoples buy at. d wear cotton I goods. Tue southern people are not in formed as to the cost of manufactur ing raw cotton into cloth, although I thc spinner ls well Informed as to the cost of both thc production of raw cot ton ny tho grower and thc cost of man ufacture. The south is not Informed as lo tho price at which manufactur ed goods are sold or the actual amount of American cotton required for con sumption lu 12 month by tho spindles of tb? world, while the manufactur ers are always posted as to tho price] of raw cotton and tho amount or the crop produced each year. Yet tho south, controlling a complete and per manent monopoly of tho most valu able and useful agricultural product grown, has sat supinely down and seemed to bc content in only making the etlort to produce, taking no Inter est in the matter of controlling the price uf her cotton and not oven seek lng the necessary Information wbiirji would enable southern people to evett, approximately reaoh au intelligent Idea of the true value of this gie$? raw material to the Dations of tho v,orid who aro abs dut. ly dependent upon it for clothlt g. The offorto of tue Southern (Jottbrj association will be studiously directed along these lines and in the further endeavor to si cure hafc and accurate statistics of tho cotton oropt from planting to final delivery to the jorl^ sumer each year, aud distribute thia Information In tabulated form throughout each Sta'e, county and civil subdivision? of its members, tri tnat the entire people will have a full and thorough knowledge of everything, pertaining to the production, distribu tion, manufacture and sale of this great and valuable agricul ural staple. The obj ot of tue association will be to tegulate the marketing of cotton in sucti manner as tj maintain thc prico at the stable figura of 10 cents per pound to the grower and the united cooperation of thu entire people of the south ls to bo enlisted in sued asfully putting thl?-feature iutu practice and permanent operation. T-COMPBTITION SnUT OFF. At ten cents per puuud to the grow ers of American cotton there ls np fear of other materials used In the pro duction of cloth ontering the markets 3f tue world as a competitor. Ameri can cotton has but four competitors, these are wool, lias, silk and foreign grown cotton, neither of whichoan be used in the manufacture of cloth and sold against our cotton so long as the price of our cotton does not cost the manufacturer more than 10 to 12 cents per pound. The only competitors which active ly enter into the depression of the price of American cjtton below 10 cents per pound are the overproduc tion of American cotton and the bad system of marketing cotton by the producers which has for no many years allowed the price to be fixjd in foreign markets. Tuese aro the real, true causes operating in the markets against us today, eitner of which can be easily overcome by intelligent ac tion and united effort. The Southern Cotton association stands for the immediate proper solu tion of these simple problems and will bend Its efforts to secure the emanci pation of the southern farmer and its people from the yoke of foreign domi nation. HROA.DEN OUK HAHK.KT8. The Southern Cotton association undertake to solve the fear of over production in future years by broad ening the markets for our cotton and cotton goods. To induce the rapid building of cotton mills in the south, to develop southern ports and prepare for the Immense trade that will sprint' into exlsteuce between tnis -cuuu*iy ana the Asiatic nations of the far east through the opening of the Panama canal; to bring about better and more direct trade relations between this section and the Central and South American republics; to teach diversi fication in agriculture; to better per fect the educational systems of the ?outh; to bring about a better under standing and closer relationship among the growers and the southern business meu with whom they have to deal; in order that by mutual co operation a tidal wave of pro.-.pcrioy may sweep over this southlanu tram tue farm to the bank, to tue mill, and to every line of business ano profession in this country. Tiiese are sume of the priuoiples of reforms inaugurated at ti e great New Orleans cotton convention a.iO whiou arc to bo put Into practical operation and experience, tbruugu tue Suut .e.n Co. ton association, the greatest move ment t ver conceived ny tue biain ol mau. To say that this work will f..il is a rellcctiou upon the intelligence and manilo <d of the south. To sa> tuat lt will succeed nu., emphasizes thu fact that every man wno give? ut terance to such a sta ement realiz s * liai, he is a factor in tins gnat mu vc ment und baa faith lu the anility of the soutu to execute as well as to re* ol ut..: and ne wno doubts, or deni s tnat success cannot be attained, tins no faith in uimrti'lf ai d none iu hi.-, country. BAU VIE JOKDAN, Piesident Southern Cotton Associa tion. Uaugnt Up Witt). Rey. Benlamiu W. A-hley, a minis ter of the Christian chuiob, residing near Newport, T. nu., was given a sentence uf fifteen months lu tho peni tentiary in the fi ue-rai c urt Widnes nay, for violating the pension law?. In investigating his case, a pension examiner discovered that tie waa a bigamist. After Ashley had betti piaued on the pension rolls, a North Caioiina woman claiming to be his wife, made appdeatlou foi u division of tho pension. Ashley swore she was not his legal wlfo, hut tnat his wife was a Tennessee woman. In vestigation proved that Annley mar ried his tlrst wife in 18U5 and had never obtained a divoice, but had abandoned her thirty years ago, mar rylng a second time after coming to Tennehseo ?to reside. Ile pleaded guilty of perjury and may be prose cuted for bigamy when he has served his federal sentence. Fearful Death Kate A dispatch from Calcutta says the deaths from tho plague last week numbered :i4,000. Statistics show that the deaths from bubonic plague in India within a few years reached nearly il,OOO,OOO In 1903 thc mor tality in India from thu plague alone waB 850. The number of deaths re corded last whek while extraordinary ls not unprecedented. The infection reoently spread to Burmah where it is making rapid Btmba. This sea son of thc year always favors its spread. A Bruto iluriK? Charles Hammons, awblto man, waa hanged at Morrllton, Arkansas, on Wednos lay for a criminal assault upon his ll year-old stop-daughter last October at Plumervl.le. liam mons enlisted In the army during the Spanish-American war and later went to the Philippines. Upon his return ho married Mrs. Alice Thomas and shortly afterwards tho assault on thc child was committed. The Bupreme court refused to reverse tho veruiot of a lowor court and Governor Davis positively refused bo Interfere wltb the execution of tho sentence. "The Russians, After Fighting :: ^Kard Several Days, Retreat IN VERY GOO!) OJRDER, Saving Their Guns, Stores and Amunl Hon. Thc Losses on Both Sides . Were Very Heavy, but the Japs Seemed to lia- e J suffered Most. The battle which has been raging In the vicinity of Mukden betweeu the Russians and Japanese for the last two weeks came to a close last Friday by the retreat of the Russians. A dispatch from St. Petersburg says the dispatch announcing the with drawal Of the Russians from their positions on the Shakhe river and that they ^ere in full retreat, was the tirst definite news received here to the effect that the battle w.-s ended and that General Kurupatkln 3as making the best of his way north ard. It does not come unexpectedly The defeat of General Kuropatkln has boen expected Bince Field Marshal Oyama made his brilliant stroke against the Russian right. CONKLICTINO REPORTS. ,The Associated Press says advices from the Manchurian battlefield leave little doubt that General Kuropatkln has suffered another reverse, but whether his defeat ls a rout or whether he has repeated his strategy of Llao Yang and succeeded in with drawing his army and thc bulk of his supplies is not clear. Dispatobes from General Kurokl's headquarters say that the Russians evacuated the whole line along the Shakhe river and are in full retreat northward with the Japanese in close pursuit. Admitting the coriectness of thlsj dispatch, the fall of MUKCIUU seems imminent, and its probability ls in a measure confirmed by the report that the Japaneso have taken Man chlatun, a villlage some ten miles southeast of Mukden. St. Petersburg Insists that no disas ter has occured, but admits that Kur opatkin's left is in a critical podtion, Kuvoki having driven a wedge In be I tv *?n Linovltoh's majn army an R :u Kuropatkln's communications have boen cut is denied at the western cap ital, where lt is stated that a report, from the commander was rocelv ed Thursday Contents are nut known, however, beyond the statement that Mukden is still In possession of the Russians. The dispatch from Mukden makes 'he significant statement tnat the Japanese are txteuding their great turning movement still further north in the direction of tue immensily im portants trateglc point of the Tie Pa>s. LMspatches recoived give details of the blow nh cu turned the Russian right and savs t mt tue Ru si.in lo.->te m this Qght?ug w :re very h-avy. WHAT TUE JAl'3 CLAIM. The Japs claim that thu Ur>t fou . lays' tig tu mg on the ll mk has ended as successfully an the Jap tues? CJUIO wish. It. bas re ul ted lu the out pl- te tur In,; of the Russian ri^ht nd p om ?-os the cert do den at of the en ire Russian army, lt is har I to sie ho he Russians eau pooibly hep? ?or Other results Tue left Japai ese ?.tut les have swung north loapoiutoni e main higuway, live miles UOit'.i ot t - Mukden Hue, the two left ai mle which are ex outing th? lurid ig mov - meut are now parallel i.y and nair miles westward of tue railro d Che two aim es swung arou. d with C an l'an HS a pivot until they n c . d position at right angles with the on ginal line and are now advancing di rectly east RUSSIANS IN REVOLT; The Russians ma.de a strong fight at the start, but later their :c istauui was slight, tlulr men retreating in disorder before the onward rush ot th Japanese who have advanced over 2o miles in four days constantly In touo i with the Russians. The Rui-s?aus had many suon? d?fenses lu saver.il lines but did not defend them as strongly as expected. The soldiers everywhi ri were disheartened ny the fall of Pori Arthur, and it ls believed they ar. almost in open revolt. A number 01 strong positions were given up with out a show of resistance and thc bat idetlelds suow evldoiiC3 of hasty re treat, being covered with clothing, heavy felt boots and thousands of whips thrown away probanly because they impeded the Russian hus!y Hight. Many rifles and thousands of cups of nile cartridges were also thrown away, the Ru&dans retiring east and m.ri . in confusing, lt was evident that all their plans for rotreat werediscou certed by the rapid rushes of the Jap anese. COSSACKS DISORGANIZED. The entire Russian rigut sjems al together disorganized. The reports show the Russian troops are almo?t In a panic striken condition, one army corps oppo->ed to the Japanies extreme left armies retiring rapidly and prac Mcally making no attempt to stop the Japanese, movement. The Japanese victory was even greater, moran;, than physically, lt ls estimated that thc Russian losses were over ten t lintis.md. The prisoners'statements give evidence of even greater loss. The Japanese loss with the left armies dur ing the four days do. s not exceed fnur thousand. The Russian centers near the railroad when last hoard from re tained its former position, but lt may since then have retired. The entire command, it ls believed, will be sur rounded and cut off. RUSSIANS ADMIT DEFEAT. A dispatch from St. Petersburg saj s tho atmosphere of tho war office is i Intensely gloomy. Tho otil?is s ad ml? that Gen. Kuropatkln has suffered abkxjdy defeat, but they insist tun it A not a decisive disaster. Tnelr exminatlon of tho dis, atob.es of Gen. Kuropatkin and Gen. Sakharoff, re porting lighting on the "north front," ls that they refer to Japanese at tempts to break through the Russian line .'Greening the communications with Tie pass, but the public regards it as an acknowledgment that Gen. No i bas already severed the Russian un of communications and enclosed at least a portion of Gen. Biiderllng's iriny which was bringing up the nar. To dispatches nf the Associated Pi ens Bhow bsyond doubt that Gen. Nugi has actually succeeded lu reach ing the railroad, although lt was soecfloally uhr med that the Une was repaired and reopened. It ls possible ibat 'his temporary interruption may have caused the Tokio report. The mest Important known develop ment of the cay is the report that a il- lug Japanese column has appeared u rihcast of Mukden and li heading rapldly west. This probably is part of Gen. Kuroki's army which ls making a dc.our by forced march-sand swing ing around to effect a juncture with Gen. Nogl. If the manoeuvre suo ceeds the net will be closed. It "is said t here that Gen. Kuropatkin with m a .quarters staff is now ab Fankia tuug station on tho railroad-, 10 miles below Tie pass. Th 3 general staff ad mils that the ca, nage In the battle will probably exceed anything in mod ern warfare, although the staff offi cers insist that the Japanese must nave sustained the heaviest lesses. Tho Russians believe they surely will reach 50,000. SAVED HIS ARMY. Olllctal information Saturday from the Russian headquarters in the field, supplemented by dispatches Irom the Associated Press correspondents with the army of the Russians emperor, show that Gen. Kuropatkin, after suf fering by far the most severe defeat of the war, has succeeded as he did after the battle of Liao Yang in ex tricating the remnants of his army from a position which military export: 24 hours before believed would result ic tts annihilation or surrender. Tue re treat from Liao Yang has been con sidered the most masterly ever execu ted, but it is far overshadowed by tblt latest feat of the Russian general whe has taken personal command of th? troops. After lighting for nearly thre weeks, losing in killed, wounded ant mis.-dng probably a third of his arm) or nearly 100,000 men and a fourth 01 his artillery. Kuropatkin gatherer what was left together north of Muk den and is taking them toward Til pass.through a rain of sharpnel whlol is being thrown on them from bott light and left. This he seems to han been able to accomplish by resortini to the same tactics which saved hi armv at Liao Yang. RUSSIAN RETREAT CONTINUES. G. n. Kun pai.kin has telegraphs .to,E.rip&rnr Nicholas as follows, unde date of March ll, 10.40p. m.: ''Today the enemy's attaok wa confined to the rear of the Slberiai corps. "The First army, echelonged li front of the other armies continues t retreat towards positions indicate for all the other armies. '"According to a nport from th coi" mander of thc Tnlrd army, re e. Ived today, his rear Allard occupie a pallion un the Mandarin road 16 niles fr m Tie pas*. Only a sma de'ac'ment of the Japanese, mainl cavalry, confronted this rearguard. "From February 28 to March ll ii f lu ive, 1,190 inkers and 46,391 men are missing from * ol 1 call." TBOPHIES OK TUE JAPANESE. F. .0 Marshal Oyama reportin Sunday say.-: "Prisoners, spoils and the enemy ' m t cl casualties against all ou r in the Shakho direction follow ii, but the prisoners, guns and spot ir ?i ireisb g momentarily: The prl . <??? nu ber over 40,000, includin G ti. N chmo-s. Tiie killed an wounl<d ae estimated at 90,0u0 1. e ' 1 lem 's d>*ad left on the tiel numl rr 2<> 500. The spoils inrlur wi tl ig.S, aLOUt 60 guns, 60,000 rifle ! ? > tn munition wagons, ijOOO cart 2 00,000 S .ells, 25 000.00? rounds < - a 1 arms amrru iltloos, 70,01 rm hels nf cereals, 275 000 hundels f d ! r, 45 mil \s of light raliway ou tl-, 2 OOO i orso-:, 23 car; loads of map 1,000 cart louds of clothing and a coutrcrt ents, 1 000,000 ratlins .r. a 1 75,000 tons of fuel and 00 to: o' bay, and heslnes tools, tents, bi 1 eks, telegraph wire and poles, tb b r, beds, stoves and numerous otb prop rty. ' No report from the Sinking din tion lias been received." The battle has been officially nam the battle of Mukden. No Jiu-Jitsu Por Weat Point. Cmg ress cxpresied its lack faith :n Jiu-jitsu by striking out cn.fi renee on the military acadei ipp opnatiou bill a provision for au .u 1 salary for an instructor I each \ hat J apaneso art to the eade Thc original item appropriated 5 500 for instructors ?D "fencing, brut sword and jiu-jitsu." Tho provlsl was cut down to $3,000, providing i my two in.-itruotors. The manner winch Home of tue West Point fo nail squad threw a jiu jitsu lnstruc reoeruly was discussed hy the coma tea mid seemed tu have considera efl. ct. One uf the conferees told siory of the Instructor easily thr. h g some of tho cadets by his sit but added that the result of his counter willi a member of the footl .-quad had put bim in the hosp wini a broken shoulder. The c fores promptly out out tho appropi lion. Don't Liiko lt. The president Wedoesday sent tho senate the nomination of Cha W. Anderson, the colored Demosl ins, to be collector of internal reve for thc boeond district of New Y< Tuc republic in politloiaus of t state do not at all Uko the appo ment of a negro to this fat Job, they will have to stand it. ' president old not consult Sena Platt and Depew until after he 001 ermined upon the appoln.m and ition it was to tell tuena ho po-cd to take this appointment personal to himself. Kilted bv AV.'.m. baltimore and Ohio train No w.nch lof', Cumberland, Md., Tue! night, struck four Wabash emple threo-quarters of a mlle east of E ere.I:, Instantly killing threo slightly injuMi.gthe other. FLOATING PALACE. The Biggest Ship Ever Built Arrives at New Yoik. Tho Monster Vessel Marks an Ad? vaneo In Hoionee ol Marine Architecture. The Ounarder Caronia arrived at New York from Liverpool Wednesday on ber malden voyage after a passage of seven days and nine hours from the latter port, made at an average speed of 16.33 kuots. The Caronia brought 165 saloon, 258 second cabin and 1,286 sterago passengers, making, with her crew of 440, a total of 2,138 persons on board. One death occurred ou the passage, on March 3. Tho steamer was not urged 03 her passage, owing to tne engines being new. She made 19 knote on her trial trip. The Caronia is the newest and larg est of the Cunard fleet operated be tween New York and Liverpool. Con structed in accordance with the re quirements of the British admiralty, the Caronia is prepared for service, in both times of peace and war, and can be converted into an auxiliary cruiser with all armament required for a vessel of that class. Provisions have been made for speedy installa tion of twelve rapid-fire guns of large caliber, and In her hold ample provi sion is made for tho storage, oare and handling of all necessary ammuni tion. As a passenger liner there are ac commodations in the Caronla's first cabin for 300 passengers, provision is made for 350 more in the secjnd cab in, and the steerage has room tor 2, 000. With a crew of 450 men, there ide, the steamer can carry 3,100 per sons under normal conditions. She has accommodations for an immense quantity of freight and fuel beneath her deck. Nearly 14,000 tons of dead weight cargo alone can Oe stored away In ber hold. An important feature of the Caronla's construction is the system of water-tigot doors in the ship's bulkheads, which can be closed simultaneously from the bridge, op erating a simple meuhaulsm. The doors will close automatically also if water enters the compartments. It ls claimed tbat this arrangement ren ders the steamer unsinkable under any circumstances. The Caronia was launched at Clyde bank, July 13, 1904. She is 075 feet long, with a groas tonnage of 21,000, and a displacement of 30,000 tons. The engines aie of the quadruple ex pansion type, capable of developing 20,000 horse-power. She Is expected tu maintain an average speed of 19 knots per hour. Tue Caronia is thu first of a quartet of great ships to be put into service in the near future by this line, each of which indicates a notable step in advance of any steam ships now in service, iu construjtlm, equipment, and furnishings. The pub.ic has bec ime so accustom ed to great and startling things that the mere statement ta.it the Caronia ls 675 feet loug does not carry with lt the full impresi?n of its greatness, except by comparison. This enorm ous length becomes apparent, how ever, when one realizes that if she were set down on the east side of the capitol at Washington she would ab solutely hide it from v ew, except thirty-eight feet at either end, and not even the roof line, except the dome, would he visible over her upper decks. Some concoptlon of the size of the Oaronia's two smokestacks may be had from the statement that they rcaoh to a height of 150 feet above the keel. J?jRBlGN TR-lIXL GROWS. DeoUae.In Farm Products Exported OITaet By Increase. in Cotton. The department of agriculture has issued a repoit on foreign trade In farm and forest producta in 1904, complied by the division of foreign markets. It shows that the balance of trade lu farm products In eaoh year from 1890 to 1904 was in favor of ex porte. There was a distinct gain in 1898, winn the export balance In creased to $555,000,000, a gain of $257,000,000 over the preceding years, beginning with 1898, the annual ex port balance for iarm products ex ceeded $410,000,000. Domestic ex parts of farm agricul tural products for the year 1H04 were 819,000,000 less than in the preceding year 1904 and $6,000,000 less than the annual average for 1899 to 1903. The total value for 1904 was $859,100,204. The exporte of forest products in 1904 aggregated $69.600,430, and were an increase of $11,000,000 more than 1903 and $36,000,000 more than the annual average tor 1894 to 1898. For tho period of 1890 to 1904 the total value of domestic exports of farm products aggregated 811,000,000,000. Total Imports of farm products In 1904 were $402,434,851, an Increase of 85,000,000 more thau 1903 and of 85-t, 000,000 more than the annual aver age for 1809 tc 1903, and of forest products ?79,019,290. The value of Imports of torost products exceeded the previous year by 88,000,000 and the annual average for 1899 to 1903 by 819,000,000. The value of the cot tjn exports increased $55,000,000 from 1903 to 1904, although the quan tity exported in 1901 was 479,000,000 pounds less than In 1903. No Decoration For Hay. In thc senate Thursday Mr. Cullom reported a bill from the. oom mitt e on forelgu relations authorizing Secre tary Hay of tue state department to accept tho decoration of the grand cross of the national order of thc Lo gion of Honor tendered his resignation through the state department by the government of the French republic. Mr. Spooner objected, and nc response: was made lo the question. Th s ended the matter. important ?ti. oiiu?. Columbia ls preparing to entertain In a suitable manner the members ol the cii.fe.rcnce for education whicn meots in that oity in April. The omi fcrenoj will bo composed of leading educators of the whole country. ONE WILL HANG And One Will Go to the Peniten tiary for Life. SAIS THIS VERDICT. A Darlington Jury of White Men Con* victH Two Lawless White Men for Murdering an Inoffensive Ne gro on the Public High way February 6th. A dispatch from Darlington to The State says a verdict unprecedented in South Carolina was rendered there Friday when one white mau was con victed of murder and another of mur der with recommendation to mercy, both for killing a negro. The sentence under the law for murder ls death and for murder with recommendation to mercy is life im prisonment. The judge has no discre tion in either case, and only a rever sal of the court's ruling by the su preme court or the mercy of the gov ernor can alter the sentences. The'" ~ court records of South Carolina can doubtless be searched in vain for a case wherein a white man has been hanged for the murder of a negro. The two men are Bob Small, con victed of murder and Bob Noll, con victed with recommendation to mer cy, '."hey killed Frank Scott, negro, on the tue public highway four miles from Darlnlgton on February 6th not six weeks ago. Small and Noll were from North Carolina and worked at Harper's Baw mill, nine miles from Darlington. They came to town on Monday, Feb. <3bb, eacu bringing a shot gun. After staying in town several hours, and, lt ls said, drinking heavily, they began their homeward march. All along thc road they are said to have been , boisterous and abusive to passersby, shooting at travelers' horses and mules. Finally tuey met this negro un a load of oottoa seed for his em ployer, W. P. DuBuose, with woora lie had been working 12 years, which is a testimonial t3 his good cuaraooer. Bob Small hailed the negro and af ter a few words shot him. His com panion, Noll, drew his k'un to snoot, him again, when B. F. Howie, count? treasurer, iravoiibV tula road, carno up in his buggy. Knowing the ne gro, he protested against the act and Noll turned his gun on Howie and tired, hitting him in the face with one shot and the horse receiving tha bal I ance of the load in his head and neok. j They continued their onward march to their snautles at the saw mill. Mr. Howie cared for the negro and drove oack io town for the sheriff, who, with his deputies, pursuod the men and with several netgub irs captured them at 1 o'clook Monday night tn their sb luties at the mill, tied them and brought them to jail. Tue iKgro was a peaceable, reliable workman. It was developed that these characters had become a dread io the people iu tlie com nanni ty of the saw mill aud had been coming to Dar lington for several suojessi ve sale days to urlnk and carouse on their return home. The trial of this case took up the whoie of the session Friday. Tue de fendants were represented by Senator George W. Brown as attorney.. The jury remained out one hour and 30 minutes and rendered a verdlot of j guilty as to Sm iii aud guilty with recommendation to mercy as to Noll. The ca->e of tue State vs. Dock Moore and Winiam Simms for tLo killing of Jim Young, all colored, in 1903, was disposed of Tuesday night. Simms was acquitted. Moore was found guilty of manslaughter with recommendtion to mercy. John Noll was sentenced toimprls onment for lile io the State peniten tiary, and the date of execution of Bub Small was fixed by the oourt for the 5th of May. mown U|>. An explosion of illuminating gas in the cellar cf the Mjrmon meeting house at Granger, fourteen miles south west of Salt Lake (J i ty, caused the death of one young woman and seri ously Injured twenty-six other per sons, mostly young women and ohlld ren. The meeting house was wreok ed. While the Granger Mutual Im provement Association was in session tue lights went out. A boy went into the cellar with a lamp to see what was wrong and the explosion followed. Miss Neille Macky, tue cauroh organ lst,,who was standiog directly over the gas tank, received the full force of the explosion and was instantly killed. A paulo ensued among the audience in their etfjrts to escape from r.uc wreck ed building, many who had not been injured by the force of the explosion were trampled upon. WM nts iii? m to SOAiior. Rev. Dr. Dean Richmond Babbitt of Brooklyn, president of the commis sion ou the raoe problem, in an ad dress at Washington Thursday night advocated tue voiuutary exodus from the South of negroes. He urged, that turougu industrial comoinations, co operative societies and State Immi grant boards created tor tue purpose tney should seek settlements In tue Nonbern, Middie and special West ern States, s > that tue pro jlem of the negro race s.iould not bj auy longer a Southern ode. If toe negro were dis triouted among tue Northern and VVestero States, his political rights, be sjiid, not only would be protected*! nut turough a balance of pjwer be oween the parties he would obtain political and industrial r?cognition and tuero would bo a lessening of race prejudice, now lmposdble for him In the congi st jd South .VU OlU M nilli", ll. "Aunt" Charity, a colored woman reputed tJ bc Ho years old, died in i Union couaty on Sunday of last week. She hat belonged to the Worthy family for generations, and her age is pretty weil authenticated.