Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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THE NEGRO PBOBLEM. Borious Mistakes Hade by the United States Government IH REFERENCE TO THE MATTES lt Is the Problem ol tbe ARCS, ?nd Can Not to Bo Settled In a Deoade or Even In a Century. The following is the second neetloi. of an open letter from Ex-Governoi D. H. Chamberlain, formerly of thh State, to Mr. James Bryce, a membei of the English Parliament. We take this letter from The News and Cou rier,-to which paper lt should have been credited last week: The query recurs what to do? Neg atively, I am quite prepared to saj that we must avoid our past mistakes of relying on statutes, or constitu tional provisions, or Congressional ac tion, to bring on or bring back a bet ter state of things. Tho evils to be abated cannot be reached by legal methods or appliances. Who does not see how Impotent, how aggravating of our evils, bave been all our essays at settling the problem or meliorating the situation by the application from the outside-1 mean outside the States or communities in which the problem is most serious-of legal reme dies? The movement, under such treatment, has always been from bad to worse. And yet a recurrence to such means is now called for and rec ommended by a few high authorities. One of the ablest, best-edited newspa pers I have ever known, a paper here tofore widely distinguished and widely influential by reason of its reasonable, sane and conservative views ou this subject, is now calling vigorously on the Government, and especially on the Republican party, to take up the question as a political, partisan issue, and particularly to put in operation by Congress what it regards as the -jAswy?.-rnnferred by the fourteenth do away with one or thc ulabri" Evidently they are getting tired of the primary plan. -. j.ih. A MAN AMONG V^A* t*0 _ since 1865. Mn EDITOR -I hn*d*be I?au8a?" , i . _ ii? political party o looking over /te? tQ ?d ? -^IVlr. / T. J Ti?ftfelS ROOSEVELT CKIMKS. What then? I can perhaps best illustrate my view of a proper or hope ful policy, lu this regard, hy referring to certain well known acts of Presi dent Roosevelt in dealing with this problem. Three of his conspicuous acts, related to the negro problem ol our South, are (1) the booker Wash ington incident, (2) theCrum appoint ment at Charleston, and 13) the Indi anola postolllce affair. Of his conduct in each of these cases I thoroughlj disapprove, and 1 will tell you why. (1) TUE Kl HST INCIDENT was au Invitation by the President tc Mr. Washington to ' lunch at the White House, an Invitation which was accepted. 1 have already spoken ol the feeling universal or nearly so, o.mong the wP"~ **??ntfl of pfc* i ~ ""?t? th I 'matt ? . ? - ?&3?O? ' ci Whether the feeling kisl just or un just, natural or factitious, well found ed or mere prejudice, I do not now and here stop to inquire. It exists It merely becomes intensified by ever} act of defiance of it; and it is quita beyond the reach of legal or pol?tica treatment. Under these conditions 1 Bay emphatically that lt ls unwise, I wanton and most reckless "playing with fire," to do any act in this rela tion which conspicuously affronts tbe white people of our South. I care not how clear may be the right of a pri vate individual to act in this mattel according to his own will and choice; I care not if social relations, such as were established betwen the President and Mr. Washington, are approved at the North-as they are not except tc a very small extent-a sense of duty, propriety, and chMcial decorum should have restrained the President from giving the invitation. Mr. Washing ton seems to mc quite guiltless ol offence. He could not be expected tc decline the President's invitation, though 1 am glad to add that I. be lieve Mr. Washington has, in Ids own relations and conduct, always recog nized the feeling of our Southern white people and has scrupulously de ferred to lt. 1 shall not fall to add here that probably no man appreciates the ability and great services of Mr. Washington, his social and personal worth, more highly than I do; but that the President failed of his duty, acted contrary to good judgment, oi possibly acted In mere wantonness ol spirit-1 prefer the former alterna tive-is perfectly clear to me. Chris tian principle, the principle empha sized specially by the Apostle Paul, would have restrained him from this act, which simply resulted In grave and widespread injury to Washing ton's cause and to Washington him self; for he has lost to an appreciable degree the favor and confidence of the _ white people of the South, where his labors lie and where bis hope depends. Mr. Carnegie may pension him and Northern friends may applaud the President; but however magnificent it may be, it is not war; it will bring nothing but injury to the work so auspiciously carrie! on up to that point?t Tuskagee. Does some one here ask me, Must we forbear to treat Mr. Washington as his merits entitle him to be treated? Must we sacrifice our tenses of right and justice in such matters to the prejudices of the white people of the South, I answer, Yes, If you aro in an official position where your acts concern and affect the peo ple generally. The President of the United Stal es has no right as a matt er of duty or policy, to affront a large section of the nation, even if he does not personally share their sentiments on such point. If you are a private citizen you may do as you please, with the constant limitation that you are bound to be considerate of the feelings of others, and be willing to accept without complaint the censure of those whose feelings you wound. If this feeling, he lt mere prjudlce or something better or worse, ls ever to pass away, its passing will not be hast ened or elected hy defiance of lt, least of all by defiance of it on the part of those who are our national public ofll cers. Not the hitter blast of wind, but the neiiial penetration of the sun's warmth will finally, If anything will, cause the put ting off of his cloak, whatever be its moral texture. (2) TI I li APPOINTAI BNT OF Dil. CHUM, a negro, as collector (,f the port, of Charleston Is an act of another char acter. In this case the apologihts of the President can make no claim, ua ls sometimes made In the Booker Washington oase, that the act was ' one of Impulse and not of delibera tion; for not only did the President I once appoint Or um, bot after the ap pointment had fallen by adjournment of the Senate without confirmation he again renewed the appointment, aud ; when, for a second time, the Senate failed before its adjournment to con firm the appointment, he made an ad 1 interim appointment ? of Orum; and the S?nate at its last session having for the third time failed to confirm the appointment he again appointed h' n an interim; and thus he put and i J kept him in the office whloh he bas 1 since held and now bolds. : Now who is Orum and what does j bia appointment involve? I know the man and his family. Orum bas bad an education which barely qualifies ' him to practice medicine among his ? own race, no more. He does not rank ) specially high even there. His per sonal character is good. Of business generally he knows nothing. Of mer cantile affairs he has no experience ' whatever. He cannot today keep a t set of books of ordinary merchants . accounts, nor can be examine suoh ac counts or pass upon them. And what is the office of collector of a port such as Charleston? lt In ' volves contact constantly with thc 1 leading business men of the city, the ! doing of I Important business at all times with Importers of merchandise, ! tlie passing constantly on delicate and serious questions of mercantile law and practice; and in addition to all this, he should be one lit to meet for eign consuls and officers of our mer chant marine; and to appear on im portant public and social occasions as the representative of the city and na tion. Does not every importan! Northern port of the Union claim anc get such a man as its collector of cus toms? Is not the proud old historic City of Charleston entitled to such ; collector, if such a one is to be founc within her borders? Does any uni for a moment undertake to say thal Crum ls such a man? Why, tlnn, bas he been thrust into the otlice ove all protests and objections, abd in Uv face of non-continuation by the S n ate? There ls but one possible an jswer; he has been appointed because he is a negro. If he were a whit ? ,,wr- y/o President or other appoint 1 don p0Wer would ever dream of put ?mg him into any high olllcial posl tlon, least of all into the office r.f col lector of the of the port of such a cit and community as Charleston. What has been the result? Precise ly what must have been known be fore-hand-a great awakening of th ' negro race to old dreams and hopes c political advancement and supremacy and chagrin, disgust and a keen sens i of Injury on the part of the white pe< pie of Charleston; a distinct disturl ; ance of and a putting far off the tim when racial hatred and ill-feeling sha i be only known there as history. M ; discussion does not require me to ss '. or surmise what were President Roos - velt's motives in this transaction; bi - it is perfectly obvious that they cou! have been no other than the hope ar i determination to gain for himself tl ' support of the negro race of Soul Carolina, through their delegates the next National Republican Co ( vention, in hts candidacy for our nor , ination for our next President. Ii work bas been effeotive in reachb ? that end, but what shall impartial fair-minded men say of lt exo? 1 that it is ignoble in its motives at - disastrous in its effects? - i ; (3) THE OTIIEK INCIDENT {' ? to be noticed ls of all still anoth r. character. A negro woman, nam: . Minnie Cox, hud been for several yea . postmaster at the town of indium i in the State of Mississippi, a toy I with a population of possibly 1,00 [ Last year a public meeting of cot i paratively a small part of the whl ; people of this town demanded the i - signation by this woman of ber odie i The general view was and is that s i bad conducted her office well and hi > done nothing to warrant any coi . plaint against her. Under fea ; caused by the demonstration Mrs. Ci i sent her resignation to the postofll i department at Washington and lied i tlie town, lt is certain that not mc i than 150 persons at most attended t meeting whice demanded Mrs. Co: 1 resignation, or had auy connectai i with it. Forthwith, without t least hesitation, in the plenitude ! measureless confidence, the Preside i proclaimed to the country that t , resignation of Mrs. Cox would not . allowed; that she would remain po; i master; and that the postoftlce at 1 - dianola would be closed and all m; t addressed to Iudianola would be se . to the town of Greenville, thirty mil I distant from Indiauola. The po: i (lillee at Indianola was at once clos and remained closed for consid?rai more than a year. All the eltlzc i and people of Indianola were for this time deprived of postal facilili . and compelled at their own exper ' to bring their mall irom anotl town. 1 A SI SORRY TO HE 0RL1OKD to add that the President's action this case was greeted by salvos of i proval from his party friends; and 1 must be further added that nota fi who are not his political support! applauded lils action. So slow t [ men to look below the surface things and see the essence of such cc duct! So easy ls it to palm otr hu bug and claptrap, yes, and rank : justice and cruelty, as honorable I dlgnation or spirited defence of rigl For what is the essence of the Pre dent's action? It is that because portion, comparatively a small p tlon, of one entire community a badly, the President may take lt up himself, without a hearing and wit out law, to punish the whole co munit y, the guilty and innocent alli Tlie President had not a shadow authority or right to close the pc oillce at Indianola, none whatev and no mau can show such author! The act was a purely wanton and la less act. What he could do and wi he should have done was to sot in r tlon the legal remedies so abundan provided by our Federal statutes the punishment of those who eau: Mrs. Cox to resign and abandon 1 ellice. The Fetleral statute book literally stuffed with provisions fran to meet and punish such offences. 1 one open our U, S. Revised Statu and read, under tho title of "Crime especially Sections f),:t82 and 5,4 and 5,606 to 5,522. NOTHING OK ALL THIS was thought of, ur suggested, or dc by the President. On thc contrii passing over all legeal remedies, sort was hud at unce tu un and capt dum and theatrical announcement a couise that was without any lc sanction and which punished the c f eased ly Innocent equally with guilty. Edmund burke, you will member, did not knuw how to in< a whole people; Theodore Roosev [ greater and wiser than Purke, kn 11 how not only to Indict, but to j convict, and punish, a whole peo I do not wish or intend to exaggerate. At every step I Invite correction or denial of any statement of fact herein made by me, or the coutroversion of any position I have taken or any argu ment I have used. But 1 do say i<hat my recollection or reading does not furnish any parallel or example of such unwarranted, cruel, wanton dis regard of right and duty, on such an occasion, on the part of any other President in our long list. No Russian ukase was ever more autocratic or un just. 1 have already elated why I have called attention to these acts and poil oies of Preoldent Roosevelt. It ls be cause it has seemed to me the APTEST WAY IN WHICH TO SHOW what a really patriotic and wise policy would be, by exhibiting the unwise and unpatriotic course pursued by bim. If a pulley diametrically coun ter to his policies and conduct, which I have rehearsed, had been pursued by him or were to be adopted now it would be the true policy. Instead of inviting negroes to lils table, thereby flouting the feelings, opinions and deep convictions, of one whole section of our country-the exact section, too, where our negro problem lies and where alone it must be worked jut -let a policy of forbear ance from aggravating what some may conscientiously regard as a blind und bitter prejudice be adopted. Instead of appointing a negro, be cause he is a negro, to high otllce for which he has no litness, appoint no man because of his color, but only be cause of bis worth and litness, and ir such a test should rule out for the present all negroes, be lt so. No harm or injustice will be done to any by ex elusion for such caus?, least of all to the negro. Instead of recklessly and lawlessly championing the cause of a negro postmaster by inflicting grave Injury on a whole community, confounding the innocent, wltti the guilty, apply tbe law made for and suited to such offences as occurred at Indianola tc Vue known olTendeis, thus punishing only the guilty while vindicating the strength and majesty of the law lu the presence of a people who too often resort to violence to need the example of a President taking the law into his own hands and meting out vengeance on the guilty and innocent alike. 1 have now, to the best cf my abili ty, presented what have seemed tc me THE BA LIENT FKATUKES of the present phases of our negr( problem. 1 submit my statement and views to you as a small contribu lion io the stock of Information anc materials wbich you never ceas, gathering, and of which your Ito manes lecture of 1902 was the out come up to that date. I have ad dressed my lucubrations to you be cause of my high respect for your at talnments as a lifelong studeut o political, social and racial themes You are of course aware that I liavi co authority for assuming that you views will agree with mine, but t fee sure you will believe me when 1 sa; that I have here expressed mv pro found convictions upon a topic of bigl moment to my countrymen and o great Interest to those of all land who recognize the claim of all men o all races to justice and fair dealing a the hands of their fellow men. Wha I have written ls likewise the resul of my most careful personal observa tibn and my constant study for period of but slightly less than fort veais. IN CONCLUSION let me add that If I am appalled b the dangers and difficulties which ou problem presents, I am by no mean in despair. 1 believe our commo Anglo-Saxon race ls qualified and df stined to work the problem out to peaceful solution. No new devices c policies are needed, tbough nostrum without number are proclaimed o many hands. Daportian, extrusior segregatiou, all forms of efforts t banish rather than meet and solve th problem, are mere dreams never to b realized, and ought not to occupy th waking hours of intelligent mind: With the abatement and extinctioi through the action of the ncgroe themselves of the crime which Uri caused lynchings, enly the old, trlec commonplace virtues are wanted o the part of the white race-a deepl humane and Christian spirit; kindnci of heart, manner aud conduct; read! ness to yield and defend all the ord nary civil rights; helpfulness, to b shown In all practical and reasonabl ways; intinite and unfailing patienc of spirit and ol' act. These vir tm exhibited towards the negro race wi do moro, fare more, than schools c colleges, more than churches or mi: slons, to lull back the tide of bitte ness and vlulence which has risen ? high in tbe last Lwu years, and will i due time bring peace and mutual r< spect between twu races exactly std ed, under normal conditions, tu t useful tu each ether; exactly suite each to its present habitat in ot Southern States; between whum i natural hate ur fear linds place, ac whose present mutual antagonism the wicked work of those who ha^ sought to make a stalking-horse of backward, but kindly, pious, and ii dustrially valuable race. Yours faltl tully. D. H. Chamberlain. University Station, Charlottes vi ll Virginia, dune 2.'l, L904. .'Mut.in/: Pinares Lie. Tlie Indication are that Mr. Carr D. Wright, chief statistician of tl government in goueral and of tl It?publlcan party in particular, w be thc busiest man lu the country f the next two months. As chief jti| gier o? ligures Mr. Wright will I called upon by oho g. o. p. manage mont to show that labor ls better r warded and has more left after pa lng living expenses than ever belo in its history. If anybody can jugy the ligures so as to make a showin Mr. Wright ls the man. Not loi agu ho proceeeded to show that tl average cost of living was lower nc than it was ten years agu, and did by sluming that while such things bacon and fleur had increased sum tldng like 40 per cent, nutmegs ai spices had decreased something li l>0 per cent, showing a clear decrea of 20 per cent in the cost of livin And In his estimates of the cost living Mr. Wright forgot to inclu the important item of rent, whi takes fully 19 per cent of thc avera wurkingman's Income. Mr. Wrig will havo to work at a desperate ra if lie would do what his emplnyi expect him to do for the g. o. p. cai palen. A Bael Risk, We do not wonder that insurar i companion refuse to take risks oi lady's eighth husband. She ls oi , 30 and has burled seven alrea< Whata courageous fellow the eigli i man was. Ile might defend P< Arthur, or venture on a Russian h tlcshlp. J J THE WEATHER ABD 0B0P8. K port on the Condition? fur Week Ending Attjtoat 15. The week ending 8 a. m. August 15th had a mean temperature of 77 degrees which ls about 3 below nor mal. The extremes' of the week, were a minimum of 59 at Greenville oh the utii, and a maximum of 92 at Black, ville on the 12th. The flint five day? were generally cloudy, the last two generally clear. There were local high winds accompany thunderstorms that did light damag? to corn princi pal ly. There were almost dally rains from the Ith to the 13th, and less general showers on the last two days. The preclpltlon was evenly distributed throughout the State, and was not as heavy as during the previous week, but the ground continued thoroughly saturated, and the injury to crops was aggravated by the oloudy weather, and very high relative humidity pre? vailed. Some bottom lands were overflowed and the crops on tbem destroyed. The injury from the rains was confined largely to cotton on sandy lands. The early corn waa not affected'by the wet weather except that fodder pulling was hindered and some fodder that, was pulled was damaged; late corn cant inned its recent rapid im provement and has reached a stage of growth which assures it to be a good crop, regardless of the subsequent weather conditions. A few localities In the south central and southeastern parts report no in jury froca Vno rain to cotton,, but o ve i che greater part it has grown too much to weed, and it ls not fruiting correspondingly, on clay and red lands, while on sandy land lt has turned yellow and continues to shed extensively, with rust more prevalent than last week. A few open bolls have been noted In the southeastern countincs, and a "first bale" was marketed on the 13th, although that is not indicative that picking hos begun. Tobacco curring is nearly Uni sb ed; uncut tobacco ls making a new and damagiug g ru,v th; some Injury to the leaf by the damp weather to tobacco in barns. Rice made substautlal im provement but is ripening slowly. Peas are growing nicely. Late melons are watery. Late peaches are rotting extensively. Pastures, gardens and minor crops are doing well, but need more sunshine. The conditions are favorable for fall truck planting and germination. Chester Excess! ve rai us caused cot ton to shed ito fruit; and on sandy soil to turn yellow; all farmwosk at a standstill. Chesterfield-The continuous rains damaged cotton materially, which is shedding forms, small bolls and leaves; wtatber unfavorable for saving fodder; turnips coming up to good stands. Clarendon-Five rainy days this week and heavy rains on two days; rust on cotton becoming general; minor crops doing well; too wet to plant turnips. Darlington-Too wet for all crops; cotton has beon badly damaged; early corn is a splendid crop; tobacco nearly all cured, but that whioh ls still in the ti elds has taken a second growth and is badly damaged; late melons ruined. Dorchester-Thunderstornand high winds on Gth; rain all day on tba loth; also showers on the 7th, 8th x-.:-* th; even temperature slightly bCtbw uor mal. * Fairfield-Weather unfavorable for all crops; rain every day; low-tend corn nearly ruined; cotton growing too much to weed on clay soils and is scalded on sandy lands; some could not be cultivated-the last time and was laid by grassy. Florence-Rain nearly every day; cotton stopped growing ana Bhedded squares and young bolls; corn crop good: minor crops doing nicely; lands badly washed; sunstiine needed. Greenville-Heavy rainfall this week; tbe ground ls now too wet for any kind of farm work; cotton Shed ding squares rapidly, and growing too much to weed; late coro ls fine. Greeuwood-The land ls wetter than for years; cotton is shedding badly; late cotton growing and fruit ing very fast; bottom land crops do ing nicely; too much rain for sandy lands. Hampton -Rain fell every day this week, and the soil ls too wet for the growing crops; cotton is rusting bad ly, and corn is "tiring," little or no fodder bas been saved; cotton has be gun to open slowly. Dorry-Week cloudy with frequent rains; all crops did fairly well except cotton which fell off lu condition; many of the squares and young bolls ha*e shed, leaves turned yellow and the plants look unhealthy. Laurens - Tco much rain for cotton; corn improved; peaches dropping badly; deficiency In sunshine caused all crops to suffer. Marlon- Rain every day which caused cotton to shed and ruBt; corn is better than for many years; all other crops are doing well. Marlboro Cotton ls shedding con siderhbly, caused by too much rain; fodder ripening. Newberry -Week cloudy and show ery with excessive moisture, which caused cotton on red lands to grow too much to weed and to shed, turu yellow on sandy lands and sbed fruit and leaves; corn planted in April will make a line crop; March corn not half a crop; pea vines tine; minor crops improving. Oconee -Good rains 7th, 8th and loth; crups generally line; forage crops greatly Improved since the rains began; turnips being sown; fruit, es pecially peaches, ls rotting. Orangeburg-The weather this week was more favorable for crops; fodder pulling nearly finished; much of it was damaged; young corn looks well; cotton suffered but little damage from the rainy spell; lt continues to grow and fruit on many fields; very little shedding or rust; a few bolls opening. Plekens-Ample moisture with sun shine thia week; line growing weather; great quantities of fruit, melons and cabbages going to waste for want of a market; most of tho old corn made, and is a line crop. Richland -Crops deteriorated great ly, caused hy high winds and heavy rains; rust lias become general on cof ton; few bolls opening; old corn is made; young corn looks well. Saluda-Continued and excessive rains have Injured cotton; overllow of streams injured bottom land corn to some extent. Spartanburg-- No Hoods, but too much rain and too little sunshine; corn and pea vines aro luxuriant; cot ton too lung-jointed and too tender and full of sap; there are not enough bolls for the season; cotton shedding considerably In places. Sumter Oloudy with rain every day but two; cotton does not appear to have been damaged as yet; and all other crops, gardens and pastures re ceived benefit from tbe rains, but a continuation of these rains will soon cause great damage. Uulon-Warm with rain on four days; too wet for farming work; old corn firing; young doing well; cotton shedding rapidly, with rust and Heb present. Williamsburg-There has much rain fallen; crops look fine; cotton has bc gun to shed on high lands; late corn is fine; peas very good; potatoes Im proving; rrult is scare?; turnips being sown; gardens very good. York-Heavy rains on 7th and 8th destroyed much corn on bottom lands; too much rain for all crops; cotton badly damaged by some unknown in sect, which has been mistaken for rust; upland corn and stubble land peas fine crops. Anderson-There bas been too much rain for cotton which is shed ding somewhat; forage crops and fruit aro fins. Barnwell-Too much rain; cotton yellow and rusty, in places it is dying; young cotton growing nicely but lacks fruit; cotton is opening rapidly and some has been picked; com good; sugar cane small. Beaufort-Rains continue but not in excessive amounts some fields very grassy; most cotton bas been worked out and laid by ; the plants have put on too much weed; some fields have fire-blight and some rust: caterpillars present but have done little damage. J. W. BAUER, Section Director, Columbia. THE PRICE OF COTTON. Colonel harry Gantt Advices Farm ers on tho Subleot. . Col. Larry T. Gantt, in the Spar tanburg Herald, writes as follows con cerning the cotton crop and prices: Nearly every paper I pick up not excepting our own southern journals, are talking about eight and nine cents cotton and some predict thst the ripening crop wi If only bring seven cents. Now Mr. Editor, such rot as this fatigues my contempt. Let those cot ton gamblers and notbern papers talk eight cents cotton, but our south ern papers should silence those bears by talking fifteen cents cotton. 1 do assert that there ls now much greater reason why cotton should sell for fif teen cents by January next than there was this time last year. I admit that there bas been a slight increase in the acreage {planted over last season, but it is not near so great as esti mated. I bave no idea that the in crease is five per cent, and this is more than overbalanced by scarcity of hands to cultivate the fields. In my travels I have seen thousands of acres of cotton turned out to grass. I' am not writing from hearsay, but from personal observations. Within the last few weeks I have traveled over a greater part of toth Georgia and South Carolina, and paid especial attention to the cotton crop. Occa sionally, like the greater portion of Spartanburg, you see narrow belts of exceptionally good crops, but then you travel for fifty miles or more through a territory where the crops have been ruined from a prolonged drought. From Oglethorpe county, Georgia, far below Augusta, a dis tance of over one hundred miles and extending clear across the State,, they cannot make as much cotton per acre as they did last year. Up to about one month ago they had not a drop of rain for from eight to ten weeks, and our farmers know what that means. Thousands of acres of corn refused to even pat forth shoots and were cut down for forage. There ls a narrow strip, five miles b-cd, be tween Columbia and Augusta where they have fairly good crops. But from Augusts unth you get into Lau rens county that drought prevails. It is the same way over the eastern portion of our States. Thero are a few narrow strips of territory where good crops are seen but taken as as a whole I do not believe that Georgia and South Carolina will make as much cotton as they did last year. Now, about Texas. Recently I lui ve seen two farmers from that state, and they tell me that the boll weevil has appeared there forty billion strong and that while the loss from this pest, in Texas last year was $20,000,000, that this year lt will amount to 830, 000,000 to ?40,000,000. These peats are appearing in Texas lu sections where never seen before and In a sin gle day and night they destroy great fields of cotton. - One farmer had a ten-acre field that made a bale and a quarter per acre. Some three weeks ago the Mexican weevil appeared in it, and in 24 hours nearly every square had fallen and he will offer the entire field today for one bale. The Texas cotton crop is doomed to destruction, and this means a loss of nearly a mil lion bales. And not only this, there ls no old crop to work up. That labor strike in the New England mills is all buncombe; Those mills have shut down simply because they cannot get cotton to spin and also to try and beat down the price of the ripening crop. The coming season cotton ought not to sell under ten cents and I believe lt will go to twelve and one-half cents or higher. So I say to my farmer friends, don't get frightened. You bave the long end of tlie band-spike in a short grip and a great future de mand fur the staple, and stand up for a fair price for your cotton. Last year I wrote a number of articles in The Herald predicting that the cotton crop would not exceed ten million bales and the staple ought to bring at least twelve cents per pound. I was told that I was crazy, but lt transpir ed .hat I was correct. I now predict tba., the growing crop will not exceed eleven million bales and it ought to sell for-fifteen cents, for the world ls short on cotton and it takus thirteen million bales to supply our mills and the demand of the world. I have these facts from headquarteis and a source that cannot be disputed. Some one must stand up for our farmers and protect, them from being wronged and robbed of their hard earned protlts,'and this I intend to do as long as I can work a typewriter or raise my voice. I left our county cam paigners for the sole purpose of sound ing a note of warning to our farmers and letting them know the truesltua ation. 1 shall continue to Investigate the cotton situation and watch the markets and will then advise our farmers as to their best interests. I have never gone back on my people or deceived them and never will, either. Don't be bulldozed or frightened into selling your cotton for less than Its real value for you are bound to get a fair and living price for it. 1 do not advise any man who ls In debt and that debt is due to hold back lils cot ton, but those debts are not due for over two months yet. But there are many farmers who can hold their cot ton and they should do so, DAVIS NOTIFIED O? His Nomination for Vicj-lrresident by* tbs Dem?crata. EVENT WAS A NOTABLE ONE. A JLai-Ko ?nd Enthusiastic Crowd ia Present When ?bo Speeches Are Made by Moanru. Wllllama and Davis. Henry G. DavlB Wednesday was formally notified ol! and formally ac cepted his nomination by the Demo cratic party for vice president of the United States. The ceremonies took place In the open air in the grounds Of the Oreen Prier White Sulphur Springs hotel ar.d were marked by simplicity in every detail. Mr. Davis was escorted to the flag draped platform at 1.30 o 'eic ck In the afternoon by Representative John Sharp Williams of Mississippi, who delivered the notification address. An invocation by the Right Rev. Dr. W. L. Gravatt of the Episcopal die ces? of West Virglan proceeded Mr. Williams' address, lt took Mr. Davis 10 minutes to read his formal acceptance but he prefaced this with a heart to heart talk of like duration to the several thousand friends and neighbors who were gathered under the trees as his audience. A reception and cotillion In honor of the nominee were held in the hotel in Ute evening. Special trains began arriving at White Sulphur last night. Several came this morn??>? and the lust, a 15 oar special from Charleston, W. Va., delayed the ceremonies a half hour, as Mr. Davis did not wish to disap point his friends en route by proceed ing without them. Old fashioned "coaches and four" rolled in with steaming horses and merry passengers from nearby resorts; farmers drove to "The White" with their families from many miles around and mountaineer made pilgrimages with Baddie bags crammed with ra tions. White Sulphur has a population at this time of the year of nearly 1,000 guests-mostly the feminine elite of southern society. These, in their Bum mer finery, together with the travel stained visitors, made a most cosmop olitan gathering estimated 3,000 to 4,000 in numbers. As an enthusiastic demonstration "it did itself proud," as Mr. Williams put it. A PBBFXCT DAY. The day was a perfect one. The sun shone throughout and the pure air of the mountains stirred gently Into cool ing breezes. The upward slope of the lawn on all aide-; and the erection of a sounding board back of the stand made speech easy and the acoustics good. Mr. Davis was the centre of interest throughout the day. He was early on the hotel verandas greeting friends. Conferences were held later. Then came the committee of notification at 11.30 o'clock. After an early luncheon the "senator," as he ls still familiarly called, sought the privacy of his room for a brief rest. His excellent health and evidences of pbys!cial strength were subjects of congratulation on the part of bis friends. Mr. Davis makes no pretense ab oratory. His deUverey is of the conversational style and his emphasis ls directed ny pauses rather by gesture of voice of Inflexion. His speech was earnest and matter of faot. When it came his time to respond to the notification address he was kept standing some minutes while the au dience expressed its enthusiasm. This effected Mr. Davis. He said. "I know that you mean all that you Bald and all that you have done. I feel confi dent further that this magnificlent gathering of the citizens of West Vir ginia and the adjoining States means more than simply the hearty clapping of hands. It means victory." Applause interrupted the speaker at this point and when Mr. Davis con tinued he complimented Mr. Williams on his speech and on his oratory and turned the compliment also to Senator Daniel, who occupied a seat on the platform. Before taking up his speech proper, he took the ladles into his con fidence and commissioned them to be vote getters for the success of the ticket. Mr. Davis did not follow his manuscript closely, though he held it In his hand. THE NAMK OK 1>A UK KU. He mentioned the name of Parker and the response was Instantaneous. A moment later he spoke of the platform and the contention between Hill and Bryan over its provisions. Immediate ly Bryan's name was taken up and cheered. "Well," said Mr. Davis, with a meaning smile when quiet was re stored: "I was a memher of the plat form committee and heard the debate between those two gentlemen, but the platfrom was formed and unanimously passed by the convention, and I here today stand upon lt and expect lt in November to go to victory." Mr. Williams pleased his hearers im mensely by laying down to Mr. Davis In Irony rules of conduct to govern bis official career, each rule based on some characteristic of the opposition. He talked for one hour and was listened to throughout with marked attention and evidences of approval. Many times he was enterrupted by cheers or laugh ter. Wheo both had concluded Senator Daniel responded to repeated demands on him for a speech by calling atten tion to the old saying that "speech ls Silver, but silence ls golden," adding: "And as I ?ecall that we formally adopted at St. Louis the gold standard I shall show my sincerity in advising my countrymen to do so, after being for 20 years a silver and gold man by practicing w'.i.'O 1 preach." THE 81V. lINS OK "DIXIE." To the strains of "Dixie" and a melodv of partlotic airs the assem blage dispersed, not, however, until many of Its members had mounted the platform and extended personal con gratulations to the candidate. The In vited guests, including those in Mr. Davis* private party, who occupied a roped-off reservation on the left were the first to shake the senator's hand. Mr. Davis will remain at White Sul phur until Friday when he will return to his home at Elkins. His plans for the campaign have not been fully ma tured. A pretty Incident occurred at the end of the ceremonies when a delega tion or ladies from Atlanta, Ga., head ed by Mra. W. L. Peel, all bearing the Georgia State dag, came forward to congratulate the candidate. These same ladles tendered Judge Parker a reception in Atlanta last June. The absence of National chairman Taggart, who was unable to attend the notification, as well as of nearly all representatives of the national com mittee rendered impracticable tho for mation here of any plans touohmg the national campaign. ! Mr. Williams' and Mr. Davis' 1 Ai REIB00K I w 111 send frc* to any man simply upon his written I^MUIOW u copy of a y w-paito book on lost manhood, nervous debility. Impotency, stricture? Troc?te enlargement ot tho prostate, blood po son, and r? flex diseases resulting from tho ubovo such ne orura. Hons ot thp skin, rheumatism. urinary disorders! piles, rectal diseases, etc. lt will ten fo tfain and simple luni-uiujo all that you -want to know It is entertaining and Instructive bud will open your eyes. It win suow a sim?la way of cur? in your own home, privately and without the publicity and ex penso ot a local doctor ordrugtrlst. I hove been practicing this speciality tor more than a quarter of a century and have in my vaults the names of hundreds upon hundreds of men whom I have cured of these diseases after they had written me for the hook. In these 25 years I have devcloi>ed a system of euro that is entirely new and original and differs widely from tho old methods. With lt I am enabled to cure men in half tho time, tn a simple yet effective woy. Write mo and I will show you tho way to get back'your vitality and strength, your manhood ard health, no matter haw old or worn you arc, and so thoroughly that you will sta;- pured forever. If you will mention how you sronffei'tcd I will enclose besides thnftl-pnjre bookaSe'X KsamlnatlonBiiuikon vourcUseaseso tbat I can make o study of yourcaseund report to youfreeof oharve. 1 havoeiuhtother medical booksthatl wlllsendtomen freeon rocelta or nameon " Vii'"'"1 1-* '""m--'ked envelope. Write mo today sure. UR. J. NEWTON HATHAWAY, 2811 man Building, 21} S. Broad Br? Atlanta, Ga. PRESBYTERIAN COLLEGE OF SOUTH CAROLINA, CLINTON, S. C. BOARD, ROOM-RENT and TUITION for Collegiate ?ear foi $117.50. Next iV' jsion begins Sept. 22, 1904. fg*? m For Catalogue or information address *_ JV. m SPENCER, /Th . At Osborne's Business College ^/O?'lumiA AUGUSTA, GEORGIA OR TUITION REFUNDED BOOK-KEEPING, SHORTHAND AND TEtEGRAPHY WRITE LIS. SV? lVd?JVCIIilNrE>JE?.Y S?PPIvlES. Everything for supplying Saw Mills, Oil Mills; Quarries and Ginneries, Belting, Packing, Shafting, Hangers, Pulleys, Pipc3, Valves, Fittings, In juctors, Lubricators, etc. 10,000 ft. of good 1 in. second hand black pipe for sale. Write COLUMBIA SUPPLY 00., " - - - - Golumoia, 8. O. The machinery Supply house of the state. FIJRMAN UNIVERSITY, POTEATi GRENVILLE, H. C. EDWIN MCNEIL President. Courses leading to the degrees of Bachelor of Arts (B. A.) and Master of Arts (M. A.) Library Reading Room, Laboratories, Large and Comfortable Dormitories, Expenses reduced to a Minimum. Next session begins Sept. 14. For rooms apply to Prof. H. T. Cook. For Catalogue or information, address, The Secretary of the Faculty. POINTS OF EXCELLENCE:-High Standard, Able Faculty, Thorough Instruction. University Methods, Fine Equipment, Splendid Library, Excellent libratorios, Beautiful Site, Unsurpassed Healthfulness, Honor System, Full Library, Seien'?(1-, Musical and Artistic I Courses, Degreos of A. H. and A. M. Winnie Davis School of History. Nott Session opoue September '20.u, 190-1. Send for catalogue. Lee Davis Lodge, A. M., Ph. D., President Vii n d WI Q fr?Vi Don't think that every"onTwhTlum^ FILLC VV ctlLLL maker" is competent to repair your fine watch. Repairers who aro fully competent are scarce. We do work only ono way,-the best-we can mako aay part of a watch, or a complete wa tali. Our prices are often no more than you poy for inferior work. When'our charge for work is $1.50 or over we will pay express charge ona way. Send us your watch, P. H. IiAOHIOHOXTE & CO. Jewelers, 1424 Hain Sr-, Columbia, S. 6. Repairing. _n.. W&?REJJ??KINQ ?? FOR YOUR ORDERS ? COLUMBIA LUMBER & MFC. CO. W COLUMBIA S.C. Whiskey Morphine I Cigaret Alli Drugand Tobacco Habit, Habit | Habit | Habits. Cured by Keeley Institute, of C 1329 Lady St. (or P. O. Box 76) Columbia, S. 0. Confidential correspond ence solicited. ^^^^^^ Southeastern Lime & Cement Co. CHARLESTON, S. C. Building Material of all kinds. High Grade Roofing "RUBEROIO." Write for prices. ??inie cement, Plaster, Terra Cotta Pipe, Roofing Paper, Car lots, small lots, write, Carolina, Portland Cement Co., Charleston, 8. C. speeches appear elsewhere in this paper. TUE LETTER DELIVERED. The notification ccuiulttee with 38 members present, If) of whom were proxies, met In one of the hotel par lors at 11 o'clock Wednesday, organiz ed and then sent for Mr. Davis and presented him the following letter of formal not!Ideation: "Mr. Davis: As the committee on notification to the vice presidential nominee, we have the honor in the name of the Democratic national con vention, which was held at St. Louise on .July li to 8, to announce to you with that degree of formality which cus tom and respectful observance pres cribe the fact that you were unani mously named by that body as their choice for vice president of the United States for the term beginning on the 4 th of March, 190?, and to request respectfully your acceptance of the nomination. Knowing that we ought to succcd and conQding in the good sense of the American people for suc cess, we are, with well merited re gard, "Yours for the committee, "JOHN SHARP WILLIAMS, "Chairman, "W. ll. MCCAULL, "Secretary." Derry Delmont and committeeman James II. Vahey of Massachusetts es corted Mr. Davis to the parlor, where the committee was In waiting. He was received with applause. When it had quieted Mr. Williams, addressing Mr. Davis, said: "Later in the day we will have certain exercises which will be, of course, in the nature of a sur prise to you. At present the com mittee desires to present you formally written notice of your nomination to which you are to make response later on during the day." Mr. Davis accepted the letter and remarked: "Your chairman has told me to make response later on. I hope we will all make respone in Novem ber." Laughter and applause greeted this sentiment and the meeting ad journed. Killer! by implosion. The boiler at the sawmill of J. F. Arnold, live miles from Senola, Ga., exploded Wednesday afternoon killing four persons and Injuring Revoral others, how many is not known. The dead: J. F. Arnold, owner of the mill; Buford Arnold, Will Aruold, a negro; an unknown negro. The In jured include two negro employes, one of whom may die. The cause of the explosion ls not known, but ls ?eport ed to have been low water In the boil er. J. F. Arnold was ono of the wealthiest and most popular men In the county. Wants His Fee. The State says: "Aron Prloleau, who periodically j?retest the congrei sional election in the first district for the sake of the ?82,000 that ls allowed" a contestant hy the federal govern ment, ls in trouble with the negio lawyer who helped to manage his case In Washington before the congres sional committee. This fellow wants his fees for services. Ile has brought suit against Prloleau and ls likely to get judgment against him even If he never ls able to collect ttie amount. Prloleau ls in worse luck than ex-Con gressman Murry of Sumter who suc ceeded In swindling an old darkey who was not smart enough to care for himself until the court* took the mat ter up and brought Murray to grief.' TUK Georgia legislature voted an Increase of salary to the governor and to the judges, but made no appropria tion for paying lt. They also passed a law forbidding judges bo accept free passes from the railroads. A judge riding around the country with a free pass In his pocket ls a norry spectacle, and we congratulate the Georgiasolons for forbidding it. The Crops are Fine, (iood Prices are Sure. Make Home liappyl You need music to make your joy complete. We can suit you either th a Piano or Organ. You want the best. We have them. Prices and terms to suit everyoneT Write us at once (or catalogues, prices and terms. Address MALONE'S MUSIC HOUSE ' Columbia, S. C. Williamst?n Female College Will open in ii i now buildings al Qrecnwood, S. C. Tuesday, Sept. 27, 19(M. Our woll known advantages with valuable additions. Send for catalogue to Rev. Jno. 0. Wilson, Wiiliamston, S.O. cTAFTtTs^cr^rES LIE WHOLESALE DEALERS IN FISH AND OYSTERS, 8 and 20 Market Street, Charleston, S. C. Consignments of Country Produce aro Ra specttu?ly Solicited. Poultry, Eggs, &c. Fish packed in barrols and boites for country trado a specialty. For Fifes, Burns, Sores*