The people. (Camden, S.C.) 1904-1911, September 01, 1904, Image 2
Mynheer
Joe
BY ST. QEORqt JUTHBORNE.
CBAPTIB XVIII.
their first day In Iadla haa
, aad, we have mm, it has
a without Ha adTMtw*. If the
la kapt ?p their stay la Bean
he aa eventful ooe. >
>ofJoe'e?ret duties upon visiting
harrecka la to deliver a meeeage
a the eoaiiaandaat at Cairo, which
contalaa Information respect
aa Popoff; for the oflieer who
it looks very grave. and aske the
many question concerning
doing* of the Russian, which Joe.
r, la In a position to answer.
At this time England la greatly die*
over the actlona of Russia's
Be la aaM to be making prep
for pushing tooth through the
territory to a point where his
will be knocking at the door of
A great railroad is about to be
for strategic purposes, and no
mm pbaltively knows where It 1* aimed
<i aneaning no British subject.
. Hence, the appearance of a shrewd
diplomat and secret agent,
m the baron, upon the soli of India,
likely to create a sensation. His
mm has been connected with numer
a unscrupulous political moves In
Mgarit and Roumanla, and all along
a Balkans, so that it long ago be
thoroughly known to all the
world. Thoce who watch the
upon the chessboard of Europe
?aa see deep purpose In every action,
bawever careless It may appear to the
aasual looker-on.
Thwae officers stationed In India
lave, of course, a peculiar Interest Id
oaacythlng the White Cair does. They
an threatened by no other nation.
Stance is busy In Tonquln snd Al
giers; Germany In Central Africa;
Italy In Abyssinia, while Austria haa
?o foreign policy, and Spain Is con
earned almost wholly in her West In
dia possessions. It Is Russia who
stretches her vast domains across the
Atlantic to Pacific, and yearns to reach
the Indian Ocean as well. Year aftei
year she placates the tribes en route,
slowly but surely stretching her hand
Bearer the prize. The day will cer
tainly come when the fiercest wai
Asia has ever known vill be fought
oa neutra! territory between these two
giants. One has only to travel to In
dia by the overland route, via Herat,
to see the evidences of Russian en
croachment. Almost to ^he gates of
India the traveler finds here and there
along the road Russian robatt. 01
email ivsyslde houses of refuge,
erected through charity, where the
?reary pilgrim can pass a night with
?at any charge for the shelter.
No reasonable man doubts that Eng
lqnd must some day be prepared to
?ftt for her Indian empire; nor Is
there any reason to believe but that
she will be able to bold her own
against that cunning foe who would
creep in at the back door while the
ailstress Is engaged in sweeping and
garnlshlug the front of the house.
Whatever may be the mission of the
baron to India, now that his presence
Is known. It is not likely that he will
he allowed to go about without some
aovt of secret espionage.
When the evening meal has been dis
posed of. Bandy and Mynheer Joe de
cide to see wbat Bombay looks like
after nightfall. So they dress as
quietly as possible, not forgetting to
carry their firearms, as there must al
ways be a certain amo.unt of danger
traversing the streets alone.
Mr. Grimes hopes to be all right by
morning, but tlilnks he had better rest
until then. Molly complains of a head
ache, probably the result of her excit
ing race for assistance, and begs to
be excused. This has r i Influence
wpon Mynheer Joe In inducing him to
accept Bandy's proposal that they take
a stroll, for he bas no desire to spend
the evening alone, Demosthenes com
plaining of bruises received in his tum
ble. which he wishes to bathe.
Peace reigns in the neighborhood of
the little hostelry near the foot of
Malabar Hill, save In one quarter.
Joe draws the attention of his artist
correspondent comrade to the rear of
the hotel, whence loud voice* of dis
evasion come. The row seems to he
between the bobajee and a massaljee
oader him. The cook berates the scuV
Uon and the latter assumes a ridicu
lously dramatic attitude, with his head
cocked on one side. Bandy eagerly
takes It in. If he could only repro>
dace that scene on paper. It would 1*
a dandy. At any rate, his memory it
good, and he may succeed.
?s they walk on in the soft, balmy
aooonllght. the angry voice of the bo
bajee continues to float after bim. Flo
?Ul there ls? a? hubbub.- a uiL .tb<iy
avow tie ling munched forth other nr>
gnments than mere words.
It is not long before they have
reached the native quarter. Perhaps
some unusual festival in taking place;
at any rate, the shops ani bazars are
Ifelitcd up and throng* are on th*
fttreet. As In the densely populated
cities of China, the people of Bombay
seem to Lave no particular time 'f
rest, unless during the hot part of the
day their enthusiasm dwindles to s
hw peg. Night's cooling breezes
(bring them all out-of-doors, and the
aolse reminds a traveler of carnival
tine In Home.
Lanterns of every color, made of
paper or muslin, bang about the streets
and In the shops, sending u strange
light upon the picturesque crowd. Hnn
gy*s artistic soul is charmed by tlio
^ectacle. He seems to never tire of
Making It In, no detail escaping his
aye, and all the while ho utters ex
clamations that are indicative of bis
capture.
As for Mynheer Joe, he Is more re
ferred In his manner, and yet enjoys
the sight s'raost as well us the corro
Moadent.
They Mm to ezctte no cmoslty ??
!kcj not* along. The uUtm are ?c
nutoacd to ntlm BBgUdHpcaklag
people at all tvw; alowlj bot Mrdj
they ax* leaving the ways of their
ancestors. already more than two mil*
Uon having become Christiana.
England allows fnll freedom of wor
ship. The only thing she set her Iron
heel upon were some barbarous cus
toms. sec> as the juggernaut-car and
Its slaughter, the putting to death of
widows when the bead of a family
died, sod like practices, for whIA
Branmins, "ranees anu mussuiiusks
alike hare actually become thankful,
aa these things were relics of ancient
barbarism that dung to the country.
Such sights the two travelers look
upon?here Is a retail groccry with
many odd things upon the shelves, and
the queerest object about the place Is
probably the banlja himself; Indeed.
Joe declares he must be a natural
clown from his dress, while Sandy
berates himself for not having one of
the new atyle little cameras with him,
by means of which he could secure a
masterpiece for a subject.
Next door Is a shelf-like shop, where
all manner of bric-a-brac may be
found, anything that la bizarre hav
ing a place, and the Hindoo proprietor,
smoking his huboie-bubble nods wear!*
ly over his Koran.
Here ars some make-charmers, snch
Uie,r tr,ck* and horrul
SiLl|>?5Jbe ??uape of Esbehljeb, In
? ~me? a merry fakir,
nnt T? * Mckharrle here, shouting
^h KW*reS- Next we have ?onw
mountebank athletes, performing won
itai * mglUty' Wlth perhaP' n
wizard who can make a tree crow 'n
the middle of the street, with full-sis^l
eaves and bird, singing in the
branches; while It Is not uncommon to
run across a group of howling der
York Vake tbe Plnce of our
York little German band, making night
hideous in a certain locality, passing
the hat around, and then forced to
move on by indignant shopkeepers,
who are glad to buy them off.
All of these sights and many more
can be seen around the streets of
Bombay. Occasionally an elephant
looms up but these animals are found
more in the interior. Of monkeys then
Is no end. One need not be at all sur
h" hat 8Udtlenly Jerked
from his head. and. looking up. see an
agile fellow climbing to the top of a
house with It. Then the monkey,
police have to be summoned and varl
oub maneuvers resorted to In order to
recover the lost headgear.
One wonders why these things are
al owed until he discovers that the
Hindoos, as a class, are believers In
theosophy. They look upon these ani
mals as unfortunate human beings un
dergolng punishment for somo past.
Jrhn8.Lb?re ?re mnny ,b,nK" e??ng
on all the time in this strange city.
One need never grow weary with see
ing the same sights, since there is a
constant variation. The blending of
,?re ,D the #h,ft,nK Panorama
Is what pleases Sandy most of all. and
he s ever on the watch for a new
variety of turban, cf which there
seems to be an endless number.
Mynheer Joe has given Kass^e the
freedom of the city during their stav,
nell knowing that the Intelligent Hin
doo? will not abuse the privilege. As
Kassee has been Informed concern
Ing the baron and his ways. It mav be
presumed that he will keep a Jealous
eye upon the Russian. This ? whnt
Joe wishes. for he knows that, as a
hj? servant has no superior
TO tne surjmse of tl.e travcTers thev
discover this same Kaswo walkfuff
Along the street In cominnv *i#.! g
otiijT Hindoo, ??? ;;;???
*b. .? ra.her . c.uvivlnl ???
The servant happens to catch hi?
signal'thaTffj\ n<l Innkt'R ? rapid hand
??I?M ' ?1"1 """ethlag by ??
Sandy does not see this side-show
.. Aw """DK 'n "le "???
nf III I,ow cached a portion
S-T Ifr'?"n" bn"r >'r? t where the
i guts are more plentiful, and tho
SSir?.Tss
Mnnar. or goldsmith, <11/.
P'aying his quaint wnm. ?
attractive f?L. "J17\,"LT7.
chaw Then^th"9 ""'""-"y ,0 P"r
where * ?? * *re curIo8,ty "hops
v tho??*nd and one oueer
25^5" ';r? go,hcr?i
"? earth. I'erbap. the
next place will hplnn>r
worker, and his ?,?? , n
model of nentnesa. " ?
At a turl.nnmnker's fSanrtr .4
*, ]?* the two friends do no,
z:tu':r ]rin? 11:;
t. r ? ?Knin*t them and
'' ' s"ndy. recognizing nr. oU
"r ?"? '".eve. >.
I. In .1 ,lo?'" 10 " )>>? notch
relieve!} "'">0 fln,lln* ?' ? I,
a^-t'he Z?rVU'>T? ^ "?
nu n mm? ]
?lkh X aril pat tato some shape be
fore I alNfL This hu been a rertto
tloa to m%. Joe. I aercr before saw
each life as old Bombay mi swats.
TMnk or fee roagh ?ketches Jf*e aV
ready dratwn-rthe weird ttiai of
8*eeee, that waaderfal burial-place
sf the lahainMhat ~ msgnlflcesrt
statue oat da the ateaqpt-the Paraee
broker?what's hla oaatef
"Jemaetjee Jeepeebhof," smllea Joe.
"Drops from yoar tongae like oil. old
follow. I meet practice on these names.
About the sketches: I hare the har
bor. the strange coasting-craft you
pointed oat. a patamar with Its two
masts, the email rakish manche and
the long, .narrow felucca with I to la
teen ealle. Beside*. I're got glimpses
tf mosques, that lovely Idol aad aa
irray of such things, to say nothing
)f the idess now In my hesd which,
roughly drawn, will fit) pa gee In the
'note-book. Tee. I'm In derer. Joe, and
Mynheer Joe haa left hie elde. which
fpet cso?es tbe rotable 8andy to. tarn
iros^ sse awcorera me companion
talking earnestly with a Hindoo, and,
looking more cloeely, 'recognises Kae
tee. whose brown face Is very serious,
tnd whose whole manner proclaims
that there Is trouble brooding In the
air for the Americans In Bombsy.
CHAPTER XIX.
THK TAT Alt THIBTZKX.
Sandy chances to be a wise little fel
low, and eTinces no surprise st tbo
?tate of affairs. Be guesses Instinct
ively that Kacsee has made a discov
ery of some importance, and is now
communicating the result of his work
to the master he lores so well.
Somehow It seems quite natural that
they should get Into a tangle, that
mystery should crop up around them.
They are surrounded by strange
scenes, which the human mind could
hardly imagine without a positive ex
perience. The very air of India seems
to breathe of mystery, as though it
were impregnated with it.
He watches Mynheer Joe snd the
Hindoo with considerable curiosity,
while keeping an eye upon the crowd
near by, as if seeking to discover
whether any one else is interested in
them.
Joe now appears to be questioning
his faithful servitor, as though he has
hoard It all and knows that it is Sert
oli*. At the same time be does not
exhibit alarm, for his experience has
been great in the past, and he knows
how to preserve his mental equilibrium
in the face of the most astounding
difficulties.
"Ten to one it's all on account of
that miserable Russian. I expected to
hear from him again. What in the
deuce is the sly rascal up to now?"
mutters the correspondent, as he twirls
his cigar between finger and thumb
and keeps his eyes fastened upon his
friend.
?_ ?vcs Joe look around mm, as
though seeking the danger of which he
has been warned. Then their eyes
meet. The traveler cannot help but
note the eager look upon the face of
Sandy. He smiles and beckons tq him.
This, of course, means that he is to be
in it; and as the corresppndent usually
manages, by hook or crook, to get
there, he feels satisfied that matters
ape shaping themselves all right. It
suits him to meet difficulties as they
tly. Sandy was never known to turu
bis back on the foe.
With his curiosity aroused to a most
intense pitch, the correspondent, there
fore. advances to the fray. He casts a
keen glance at the face of Mynheer
Joe, but that worthy shows little of
the emotions that may lie deeply hid
den under the calm exterior.
Thus Sandy draws up alongside of
bis friend and awaits the communica
tion that is to decide a momentous
epoch in their lives; nor is it long in
forthcoming.
"Well, the baron lias been at work,
Sandy," remarks Joe. with a peculiar
smile. "I knew he would not be long
In Bombay without attempting some
mauuer of evil against us, particularly
myself, for whom be entertains no
great love, you understand."
Sandy nods his bead in that vigor
ous. thoughtful way of bis, more elo
quent than words.
[To be Continued.]
Guide (referring to Egyptian Pyra
mids)?"It took hundreds of years to
build them." O'Brien (the wealthy
contractor)?"Thin it wor a Govern
tnlnt Job?eh?"-Tit*Bits. ....
On* MilllonaK'S.
?He's a, millionaire, that boy is."
The boy 1 was walking with looked
?cross the way at the lad of whom
my words were spoken. There wsa
certainly nothing about the latter to
suggest bis wealth.
"You don't say so! It can't really
be so, he looks almost shabby."
"No matter for that, I live in the
?ame block, and I know. But I did
not say that was worth a million of
money."
"Oh!"
The boy who was listening looked
rather disappointed. Still, he was
anxious to know what tbo other one
might have, anyhow, so ho askod,
"What, then?"
"He Is what Is called a 'millionaire
of cheerfulness' He Is merry and
bright the whole day long, not alone
when all Is sweetness and light, but
when It Isn't. He ha* sucl pluck and
spirit, and such unfailing good na
ture, that be must have a million to
draw upon, though ho pay. no taxes
upon his capital. You nev? r see him
scowling or hear him whining. So
he scatters his fortune all about and
Is a blessing to tho neighborhood. I
wish there were more millionaires of
cheerfulness. There might be, if
everybody gathered up all the sun
shino to be had and gave it out as
royally as Rob, who goes whistling
yonder."
Then I went on, leaving Dick ts
wonder whether he were as rich as
Rob, and if not, why not.
Ossr Killed by Wire Pance.
A young moose crossed tho yard
of A. Putnam at Fort Fairfield, Me.,
and went In the direction of the rail
road station. In Its patch It encoun
tered a wire fenco which It attempted
to leap over, but caught Ita >y?ad in
the wire and broke Ita ns*
MsblS t? bMOBM
Pm>WII?> with to
bacco smoke will dm plants of all
aphid? and other Isaacta, bet has bo
offset on their eggs. TO fumigate a
plant or plants, conflaa them In a box.
nnder a barrel or la soaae other wsj;
Pot a pan of coal* with sons tobacco
Isarsa on the coals tn with the plant,
not too near, or the plant wUl get too
hot; giro a good smoke. This/will de
stroy all living insects. In two or
three days give another and you Will
be rid of insects for: aome weeks.
v*r tn* IwIm.
Shade for swine 1* quite ss necessary
as for other animals, and when one has
a tree o? two |n the pasture the ques
tlon of shade is readily settled. If
there are no trees plant three or four,
and while they are growing use port
able houses for sbsde. making them
with s sill set on runners and with a
ring set In the front sill so that a horse
may be attached and the house moved
when necessary. These houses may be
made of any cheap material, and the
roof arranged so that a portion of it
msy consist of tree limbs laid over
boards set far apart. The cost need
not be great and the results will pay
for the time and labor spent.
C*ttM-S???d HmI r?r Cows.
Dairymen find it difficult to carry the
cows along properly during the drough
ty days of summer on pastrre nloue.
and all proper grains .iave beeu tried
with varying results. One of the best
summer grains is cottonseed meal, for
while feeding It will not materially in
crease the milk flow. It will keep it
nearly to the standard and will keep
up its quality, which is quite ns im
portant. The feeding of It also makes
better butter at all times, and particu
larly durlig the summer. While the
quantity fed varies according to cir
cumstances. from txro to four pounds
per cow dail7 is. about a fair ration
and will give results which will war
rant the expense at any season.
To Pm*rw FfM? Pom*.
In some sections ;of the country the
division of fields by fences is some
thing no longer don*-, but the uinjority
of farmers still feel that they should
divide their fields. ?Tlie work involved
in fence building 1| so great that one
does not care to do it very often, hi-nee
it will pay to go to come trouble to pre
serve the posts, these being the parts
of the fence which ^ieed renewing first.
While there are many preservatives
recommended, air of them doubtless
more or less valuable, the old plan of
smearing the end of toe post with gas
tar is about as good as any. Of late
years a strong solution of copper sul
phate lias been used for this purpose
with considerable success. It takes
time and trouble to prepare the fence
posts with either preservative, put on
as it should be, but It psys to do it. for
the posts will last donbls the number
of years.
Bye or Turnip* After Corn.
I have been sowing rye now fcr two
years. I sow it in thp cornfield In Sep
tember as scon as I can get the corn on
shock, cultivate, theu follow with the
grain drill, putting on a tout two bush
els of rye to the acre. Last summer I
sowed cow-horn turnips in the corn at
last working in July. They made a
good growth. Sowed rj e alongside of
the turnips in October. We hauled
our manure out on the turnips and rye
last winter. The year before what
land I had sowed in rye we manured
in the winter. It grew nicely in the
spring. We pastured it some, then
plowed it down for corn again. It be
ing a cold and wet summer the corn
was not a large crop. We had a heavy
hailstorm a few days before It came
out In tassel, which put it back. I did
not use any fertilizer when sowing the
rye, although I believe it would make
a stronger growth in the fall. We
plowed it under, what stock did not
eat, the last week In .April and first of
May for corn.?John F. Zook, la the
Massachusetts Ploughman.
Shallow and Deep Plowing.
It seems almost needl* ss to urge shal
low cultivation for the "laying by" of
tbe corn crop, yet there are some who
still insist upon deep cultivation and
ridging for the last time going over
corn. The folly of such procedure,
however, is very evident to any think
ing. well posted man. The tirst culti
vation should be deep to stir the sub
soil and make room for the roots of the
young plants. The second and possibly
the third cultivations may be fairly
deep, though not so deep as the first.
The last two, it is a settled fact by ex
periment throughout tiie corn belt,
should be shallow, not more than two
and a half to three inches deep. And
at this time the ground must be left as
levol as possible after each cultivation.
Tho object is a mulch for the preserva
tion of moisture, and why any thinking
farmer should ridge up nis corn, break
ing the rootc and exposing a third to a
half more surface to th?' sun. is a ques
tion yet to be solveil. Though the
statement that "corn will take care of
Itself after being laid by"' is in a meas
ure true, a constant watch must be
kept to break the crust forming nfter
any heavy rnln to ket-p the weeds from
seeding and to keep the fences in good
repair, preventing damage by cattle.
This in order to have a good crop at
the harvest.?Rural World.
E?r1y Plowing For Wheat.
While all wheat growers recognize
the necessity for late sowing of wheat
to avoid, as far as possible, the rav
ages of the liessian fly. ail da not see
tho necessity for early preparation of
the soil. It Is generally believed that
much of the loss from winter freezing
might be avoided by the early plowing
of the ground for winter wheat.
Early preparation of the seed bed
19 easier than late plowing: it gives
one a chance to get rid of the weeds
moro effectively, the seed bed mny
have one or more extra harmwings
or rollings and, altogether, put In
much better cc. ditiou than when the
plowing is done la'e. Then, too,
should the ground be not in the best
condition at seeding time the thorough
preparation previous will count for a
great deal. ? hllag one to catch the
ground for the fiaal bemwinf and
rolling vlMMfir It chance* to be right
tor encb working.
The question of varieties should also
recelre more consideration than It doee
and an excellent waj It to look np the
best wheat fields In jonr county oo
similar soil and ascertain what varie
ties are grown. In addition to this
every wheat grower, large or email,
sboald have a tost ground for new
sorts. It will pay for its cost in giv
ing one accurate knowledge of sort*
on their own grounds.
Poultry Wmmmi.
Each year sees many women added
to tbe rsuks of tbose who raise poultry
for market and tbere is little doubt
but wbat tbe industry offers many op
portunities for women who have tbe
necessary ground and tbe determina
tion to gain tbelr experience slowly.
Tbe writer recently spent a week with
a friend at a popular summer resort
along the sea coast of New Jersey aud
profoundly wished he had his poultry
with him. Chickens of the sice for
roasters sold for 35 cents a pound in
the markets, while guaranteed fresb
eggs were in demand beyond the sup
ply at 40 cents a dozen. While these
prices are exceptional there is no doubt
but wbat there is a prolitable demand
for both eggs and poultry in nearly
every sectiou of the country.
Women can bring to the work of
poultry raising that care for the small
details so necessary to success in the
work and a characteristic lacking in
the majority of men. It is a well
known fact, and every honest farmer
will admit it, that two heus set at the
same time, one by a mau aud the other
by a woman, will show a decided dif
ference in the number of chicks
hatched, aud it will always be in favor
of the hen set and cared for by the
woman. The inan forgets to give the
liea water or food or some other atten
tion she needs during tbe period of
incubation. Women with a rural
training should do some clow studying
of tbe poultry business this summer
and make a start in the winter or next
spring.
Tli* Rliode Ia!*nd Rrd, ~
A pair of thescJ useful, all-purpose
fowls is shown here, and their gen
eral appearance gives us some idea of
their prominent characteristics.
Tlicy are full-breasted and stockily
built, and nt all ages, from the broiler
to the roaster, produce a generous
amount of the choicest flesh.
Tbey are medium size, being about
the same as the Plymouth Rock; in
fact, they have been used extensively
In crosses to produce the Buff Itocks
and Wyandottes. They originated in
Rhode Island, from whence they take
their name, and are found there on
almost every farm.
They are good layers and splendid
mothers, and when they have become
better known, will be ifeuuuK our most
popular new breeds.
Fur in Not ct.
Drive slowly tlie first liour after a
meal.
Light and dryness destroy fungus
growths.
Thorougli grooming clonuses the hide
as well as the hair.
Rores or bruises on horses should be
healed up as soon as possible.
It is always ruinous to dispose of any
braneb farming wbeu prices are unsat
isfactory.
Generally the smaller the farm the
better the cultivation and the greater
the profit for the expenditure.
The dirt and sweat which accumu
late on the horses during the day
should never be allowed to remain on
over night.
Plants have greater need for theit
leaves and can be nio?*o easily killed
in the growing season than when par
tially dormant.
If the cow has to travel over a large
surface and take a good deal of time
to fill her stomach, the time and energy
expended will cause p. reduction in the
flow of milk.
As the leaves of the tulip and other
spring flowering bulbs ripen and die.
the best practice is to take them up,
ami, after drying them In the shade
for a few days, put them in a paper
sack and put them away until in tlio
fall.
The dniry cow should not bp obliged
to travel a long distance for water. If
she does she will go without until she
gets very thirsty and feverish, and
then drink until she is painfully un
comfortable. Both conditions are un
favorable for milk secretion.
As a rule wounds made by pruning
in September or a little earlier some
what, although they do not heal <julck?
ly, never decay. The wood, owing,
doubtless, to Its condition of ripeness,
becomes hard as bone, and although
the healing process may proceed slow
ly, the tree docs not seem to suffer In
any way.
The Iron mines of Michigan give em
ployment to 14.450 persons, and their
products amount to $20,09T: SOO.
SELECTING FRUIT TREES.
Only experienced people are capable
?f selecting varietlee of fruit trees.
Novices should always seek advice.
?oil. cllninte ami demaud of tb?
market are to be considered. Varieties
:hat may be suitable for one locality
0l#y be almost worthless In another;
And it 1s the lack of knowledge In se
lecting varieties that causes some fall
jres. Selection is a very important
matter, for when a tree is planted and
the grower waits several years for his
?rop it Is then too late to rectify uii?
takes except at a great loss.
WHY NOT HAVE MORE APPLES?
Adapted to more than two-thirds of
:he farms of this country, going North
South. East and West, there are to lie
.'ound many farms where It Is a minus
quantity. No other fruit known tc
:be American farmer can equal the
apple as a food product. Other fruit
.s considered s luxury, the apple o
staple product. It Is practically a
twelve-month fruit, as the average
'armer can have apples by a judicious
selection of varieties and care of the
Trult, until the new crop comes In. For
mllnary purposes It is unexcelled; cap
able of such a variety of uses as It Is.
>ne'does not so easily tire of.lt. and in
?oiue form It may be used as a dessert
the year around. In the form of pre
lerves and Jelly It Ails an Important
place; dried and evaponfted ap
oles add still further to the variety.
The first cost of an orchard" Is small,
the running expenses lnsigulficaut and
the portion of the farmer's time re
lulred short; In fact, it Is an easy
working side line. One hundred ap
ple trees may be had for $10; better
>nes. though at $12 and $15. Novel
ties cost more, but why fool with nov
?Itles, except In a small way. when
there Is such good fruit lu the more
certain standard sorts. The first aim
>f the farmer should be to provide
'ruit In quantity for his own use. but
tie need not have any anxiety about
the surplus, especially of winter ap
ples, If he lives out of a regular upple
'hipping section. Winter apples have
sold for $1 to $1.50 per bushel for many
seasons oil the bom;? market.?F
tuck, in The Eplto.uisL
THE FRUIT VS. FRUITLESS FARM
In point of ecouomy the farmer who
raises his own fruit has everything
his own way over the one who does
aot, for the cost of production is very
imall, while the outlay or first cost Is
.n significant. The raising of a family
?upply of fruit Interferes very little
?vith other farm work and the growing
af fruit fo.* market as a side line is
rery profitable, for while the cost of
production is small, the fruit comes
high very often to those who have to
Duy; heuce, this advantage cf the fruit
'arm. Aside from saving, there is a
jreat advantage in having fruit fresh
and crisp from the tree or vine, which
the farmer cf the fruitless farm can
not enjoy. How much more pleasing
and appetizing is fresh whole fruit
thin that which is 'wilted and mashed
with little of tliL? original flavor left!
The table of the man who growc his
>wn fruit is well provided with fruit
it a quality which the less provident
tannot have. The man who raises his
?wn fruit uses it more lavishly than
?e one who has everything to buy;
aence. the better living and the more
advantage of the medicinal value of
fruit. The orchard, too, is a drawing
?ard to the majority of home seekers;
consequently, the farm is more valu
able and often quicker sold when it
Das an interesting fruit supply on It.
Some kind of fruit is adapted to near
ly every section of the country. If
the peach, pear or plum is not adapted,
the apple is. very likely, and by a suc
cession can be made to take the place
Df other fruit.?E. W. Jones, in The
Epltomist.
PROPAC5 AT I Nli CT'RRANTS.
The iisiui 1 methods of propagating
currants Ik to make cuttings of tlr.
now wood in tlio full or early winter
and keep them in a trench or in the
soil for planting in the our It spring.
The majority of such cuttings will
strike root and grow. A mtieh better
way, however, to my mind, and one
which will give the gardener n start
over the above method of half a sea
son'* growth, and one l>y which not a
cutting will not be lost, is to make
four cuttings along the last of Au
gust after the wood is pretty well
grown. yet somewhat soft and sappy.
Plant immediately in well flraiued soil
In nursery rows. The trench method
Is the simplest, and a good puddling
it time of planting will insure root
ing. In case of a drought following,
which is not likely, throe or four buck
ets of water, run down a hoe furrow
alongside the slips will irrigate liftv
l?lmits. During the following six
weeks the cuttings will strike out vig
orous roots, and the following spring,
Instead of being "cuttings," they will
be sturdy plants ready to loaf out and
take full advantage of the earliest
spring sunshine and warmth. My first
practical experiment with August cur
rant cuttings was the sticking In the
urotind and trumping tight of a shoot
iiccldvutally knocked off the parent
bush. The ground was dry and I
never expected the slip to live. It
died, apparently, after a few days,
died the death, but when I happened
to notice it ton days later It had braced
up strong and healthy, and when I
pulled it up in October to observe its
progress it had a line long root sys
torn.?Uuy E. Mitchell, in The Culti
vator,
Tli* Hut l.fvrl.
Professor Tail comes forward with
the statement that with the slight
amount of compression known to be
IKJssiblo in water the sea would be lid
feet higher In level ,lf It were not for
the compression due to its ow,n weight.
Supposing this fact to be true, the e.?uw
pressibilltyof water adds about
000 more squnro miles to the laud
surface of the Mirth.
L?1h>t troubles on the Lukes has
seriously affected the grain meiy.s
of Buffalo
?fCfc
r is subject for frequent
comment on tbe part ot
travelers that the roads of
Europe are far superior to
those of the United States:
aud this result la generally attributed
to the system of government aid and
supervision which prevails In nearly
all European nations. But It Is not
so generally known that our nearest
neighbor. Canada, la also ahead of us.
not only in the character of the roads,
but In the matter of road legislation.
Hon. A. W. Campbell. Highway Com*
mlFRioner of Ontario, is an enthusiast
on the subject of good roads, and at
the same time a very able aud practi
cal public official. He is quite well
known to the good roads people of the
United States, as he has attended and
addressed a number of Important con
ventions in this couutry. In u recent
report he says:
"Good roads are essential to tlie full
development of agriculture. In a coun
try such as Ontario, dependent upon
agriculture, tlila means that good roads
are of very great importance to the
towns and cltiea as well. Good roads
are not a benefit to any one class of
the community. They are of universal
value. This is a matter of whleli too
narrow a view has been taken in On
tario. If we must have canals and rail
ways. then we must liave good country
roads. It has been taken for granted
that If the country us a whole con
structed canals and subsidized rail
ways. the common roads could take
care of themselves. But this lias not
been the case.
"The broader aspect of the question
has recently been given prominence
by the decision of the Provincial Gov
ernment to appropriate $1,000,000 for
road improvement. Till*. for lack of
a better name, has been termed gov
ernment "aid" or "assistance." It is
a recognition of the value of good roads
to every citizen of the country, and a
Just effort on tlie "art of the Govern
ment to co-operate In procuring them.
"The object of the present measure
is not so much to aid by the gratui
tous distribution of money, but has
for Its aiiu a nobler purpose. While
it aims to encourage the doing of a
work which is acknowledge by all as
being an imiMtrtnnt and necessary ser
vice. Its prime object Is to equalize and
lighten the cost. The unfairness and
Injustice of the present system of tax
ation for highway construction is so
noticeable as to be a matter of wonder
ment that some step of this kind lias
not been ere this devised by Govern
ment. or compelled by the people.
"The Government is only exercising
Its rightful function as a part of tho
administrative system In providing a
portion of the cost of making roads
and distributing the money among tho
different municipalities entitled to it.
This function enn be performed by the
Provincial Government only."
In Nova Scotia, nearly llfteen years
ago, the Provincial Government bepan
the appropriation of funds to improve
the roads and the plan has proven en
tirely successful where the old system
of depending on the local communities
was a complete failure.
Even away out in British Coltimnia
there are many tine roads which art*
said to be "the delight of tourists." All
these are built and kept up by tho
Government.
Houl Mitlnteimnrr.
Without proper care the most expen
sive road inay to to ruin in two or
throe years, and the initial expense of
constructing it be nearly lost. It is
of greatest importance, therefore, that
all good roads should have daily rare
They not only wear out. hut wash out
and freeze out. Water Is the greatest
road destroyer.
It is necessary to the proper main
tenance of a road that it should
"crown" or he higher In the middlo
than at the sides. If it is Hat in the
centre it s.ion becomes concave, and
Its middle kooii becomes a poo: or a
inudhole if on a level, or a water course
if on nil Incline.
A hollow, rut. or puddle shouM nev
rr bo allowed t<? remain. hut should
he evenly tilled and tumped with the
same material of which the surfaco
was originally constructed. A rake
should he used freely, especially In re
moving stones, lumps, or ridges. ituta
may he avoided hy using wide tir;>s.
011 all wagons wlileli carry heavy loads.
If this Is not always possible, tho
liorses should be hitched so that th"?
will walk directly in front of tin*
wheels. This can be r.ccompllshrd l y
making the double, or whltflo. tree of
such length that the ends may l>e in
line with the wugoti wheels. A hors:>
will not walk in a rut unless compelled
to do so. and, consequently, if all
horses were hitched in this way rut*
would eventually disappear from stone
roads.
If stones are cracked on a road with
a hammer a smooth surface is out of
the question. Use stone chips for re
pairing stone roads, and remombor
that all foreign material and rubbish
will ruin the best road, and thai r.ust
and mud will double the cost of main
tenance.
Ordinarily the chief work done by
country people on highways Is repair
ing the damage resulting from neg
lect. Why this negligence? The
adage. ' A stitch In time saves nine."
can never be applied more appropri
ately to anything than to the malnteii
ance or repair of all kinds of roads.
Wilt NfVfr Turn Buck.
The people of this country will n^v
er turn back until every sneMnn and
neighborhood enjoys t'ie blessings of
rural free mall delivery. Hut before
this can be accomplished, a general
improvement of the roads Is absolute
ly necessary. There Is no escaping
this conclusion. Already bad roads
are proving the main obstacle to the
establishment and maintenance of ru
ral mail routes. If this is true now,
while the system Is extending over
those areas which have the best roads,
how much more true will It be when
we attempt to niai"? fho system uni
versal.