Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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VOLUME ?T. O RANGEBUK G. SOUTH CAROLINA. SATURDAY, ( )( 'TOBEH Mi, 1875; NUMBER 10. TI MELY TO IM CS. Tm: flay pits m ar New Brunswick, X. yii'lil annually some 'J"."' OOO loris of clay, worth over'"fl-..',noo. Till: Phoenix Cotton Paetory. near Bait inn no. on thc Northern (Central Kail way, wa- sold nuder thc himmler, lari week, fur >"."..MUM. Resides tb,, mill proper, lin- sa?n included machinery, leuo iiient and storehouses, and l'a*>' acres of crou nd. TIIK British Antie expedition will winier ai a point only |r>n geographical miles !r>>in the north (Mile, and thc explo rers ex j?cct i" -lari upon their important mission in A ]?i ii. All that science arid experience eau siiggesl lias liceri done to make this expedition a success. KN rt r.i MI A rs prove that cotice can bc raised in every port ion oft 'ali (bruin w herc the soil is congenial, t'alifornia plants produce twenty-two shoots, white those pf Europe produce but one. The (,'ali tbrnia soil is believed to be more favor able, as. unlike those of Kuropean coun tries, it needs rio irrigation. Multi: stoves are annually manufac tured, by a -ingle Albany firm, than arc made in France and Knglnnd combined for the .-ame period. They employ i?*Ml men and a half million nt* capital; and their business last year amounted io $l,liilll.iioo. They are running to their fullest capacity to till orders, foreign and domestic. 1'r.NNsYI.VANIA has passed ? I?CW hlW to cover eases of abduction like that ot Charlie Boss. The law imposes a line not exceeding live thousand dollars, and imprisonment al hard labor not exceed ing fifteen years, on conviction of com plicity in harboring, or concealing, or en ticing away, any child, cither within or without that commonwealth. TUE population of the original thir teen states of the Inion iii 1790, the period of the first census, together With that of Maine, Vermont, Keritiioky and Tennessee, which were formed' fiori.' "the original thirteen, and admitted to the Union subsequent to lTi'n, was only ??.U29,214. The population of the same states, in 1870-our last census-was 15?, .170,30.? ; .-bowing a gain of 10,0-11,105 from I7;iu to 1870. Birrr.oi.p.iTM and arson arc not the only emmi ?es of the Underwriters. Sparks from a lighted pipe have caused the de struction of many a superb steamboat, causing a fearful loss ol life, a- well as ol valuable cargoes. A gentlemanly smoker, who th rows down a cigars! umpcarelessly, is often ibc "unknown cause*" of ninnv fires. Cannot insurance companies de vise greater care in this matter, and thus avoid many heavy hisses? TlIK ?Southern Pacific railroad is meet ing with much opposition. Thc change ol' guage, according loa rejmrt just made to the .Memphis chamber of commerce, cuts Kentucky, Tennessee, Arkansas, Noi l h Mississippi, Virginia and Mary land, oin of all chance to a participation in its ad va n Inges. But can that bc justly called a Southern Pacific railroad which excludes two-thirds of thc population of the Southern states from all participation in its benefits ? l r appears from a statement just issued by the Statistical Bureau that in thc fis cal year ending .lune. 1874- thc last year of which thc Bureau has made np full returns -thal our domestic exports amounted, in specie value, to over &%.), fit 1(1,001?. Por t he same period of the pre vious decade, thal ending .I one !J0, 18(51, the special value of t he ex ports was bur S7l?3,?0??,000-an increase of more than three-fold ie ten years. Klto.M the discussions of the Associa tion of the Boards of Trade in England. WC gather thc pregnant fact, that not withstanding the balance ol' trade with thc world at large is in favor of lang land, it yet frequently happens that gold is exported to meet balances against her at particular periods. Another fact is also demonstrated, and tim! ty. 'hat gold i- a commodity which goes where it is needed, and where it will bring the bent price. Till", state railroad (ax assessors of 'feline-cc have just completed their la bor.-? at Nashville, under the law, just enacted, which make- railroads liable to a tax for both-tate and comity purposes. Thc railroad? were ai! allowed to choose between being taxed li per cent, on 1, heir gross earning- or 10 cent- on the ?100 on the assessed value of their prop erty lying in th<" state. Nine embraced tin- former proposition, including the Memphis and Chitrlt&ton, while fourteen refused the ]>. per cont, alternative some denying the right of the state to tea the!/ lop.dsi It i; catiaap.tcd that thc taxi s derived from all lines nf railroad in Tennessee will aggregate $100,000. Tin-: arguments in favor m' a Southern I Pacifie railroad, ?>f proper gauge, may he ] briefly stated, as follows: Such a road can only lie built with government ?lid : I li? government need not risk any thing | in granting the aid required to hui ld it; | it eau In- built at less than a third ni thc e\[x'iise of thc existing line, and eau lal rvpernted proportionately more cheaply : il will furnish much the shortest tun-it across the cont inent ; it will not he liable, to the snow and ice barriers of the north ern route; ii will open the best pu rt ol' mir western territories and state- lo set tlement; it will increase foreign immi gration and attract loreign capital; and. finally, it will bc of incalculable advan tage to thc trade interests of the whole couiitxy 'by breaking up a formidable monopoly, and greatly reducing the cost i transportation between thc eastern and western divisions of the continent as well as between the Atlantic and Cacilie oceans. Ovti sources of wealth, says the New York Krprrss, are remarkable. The gold and silver products of the. Uni teil States in 1 ST I wa? ?72,000,000. Of th is, California furnishes ?20,300,000, Nevada $80,-152,000, Utah 85,000,000, Calorado $-1,101,000, Montana $3,489,000, and Idaho $1,880,000. Nearly all ol this went abroad to pay for imports. Cf tiki ami silver, adds the editor, are tin im portant source to wealth; but com par ing their yield with some other products, the mistake is found. Thc United States corn crop is worth four times as much as the gold and silver crop, and the wheat ero]) five times as much; the cotton crop more than three times as much, anil thc hay crop four times as much. California, with all its gold would he a poor state but for its wheat crop. Carlysle is right. Let us plant |M)tatocs and corn, by all means, ?md do not busy ourselves too much digging for gold. _ . Tm: report of the Massachusetts, bu reau of statistics shows that the annual surplus earnings of the families of me chanics, as indicated by the earnings of :i!?7 families, is $24.72; of these 4117 fam ilies, 58 ran in debt, i'2 earned a surplus of $9.80. 110 a surplus of $20.2"), I a surplus of $82.48, 8? a surplus of ?57.77, lt! a surplus of $49.51, 4 a surplus cl S?O?..AO, i a surplus: of ?123;35? - a sur plus of S172, and I a surplus ot s22S.7."? and of $275.80. The wages ol' two fam ilies wen- over $1,000, lit between ?900 and $1,000, and 331 from ?.'{"" to 81,000. The average earnings nf the whole were $702, and the average expenses $7?I8. ( >f 250 families, however, thc seale ni' wages ranged from $5?0.to $800, with a propor tionate scale of oxjienses, leaving nit annual average surplus of $5.13 lo$20.25' ' Only one workman in a h und rod owns the house in which his family resillen. Tin: failure of the Hank of California is now known to have been precipitate.!, in large part, by thc unprecedented ship ments of gold from San Francisn. from ,1 Hilliary to duly. The shipment ol' gold for the first six mon tbs of 1874 footed up $2,311,400; for the same period in 1875, it reached the startling sum nf $18,257, 400 ! No >ueh amount of gold had ever been shipped from that city in the same period. lu fact it was more than the market could bear. liven during the I erndon panic in 1800, no such volume of coin disappeared. Hence thc incon venience, l'ut the coin movement be gan to hill off in duly, and has been still less this month lo date. I * I : it H ?i is uf financia I depression, a mon til ing sometimes to panics, have pervaded ail nation.-. < )f the cause no satisfactory solution can be made. For more than two years past Knghllid has heen subject to this depression. lt sceiiw in bc greater now than at any previous tillie. Heavy and disastrous failures have ad ded to the trouble, and hence capital is unnecessarily cautious, ami thereby a great existing evil, without apparent ?.anse, has been greatly aggravated. Thc saine state of things, toa considerable ex tent, exists on the continent. . A I,A l i: Loudon letter gives this report of the condition of monetary affairs there: "Thc official minimum instil 2 per cent., and in open market the best bill? are taken at 1', to li' per cent. Thc supply ol' money seeking employment is very large, ami there hut lillie pros pect of any d?munition. There is just now, owing to the timidity of the public, a great demand for sound dividend-pay ing securities. These have heen forced I up in value to a point which yields tu lin- investor but a small return of inter i-t ; but as safety is every consideration wit!? the public, it is necessary to I., content with ?mall profile Among thew ?re United States government ?uni lirai | mortgage raiiroatl bonds. These ?ru quoted at high prices. Second-rate se ciiritios eheaj) and nindi neglected. Tnt-: president nf lin- Continental in surance company nf Now York, in :.. con vention bf insurance nun holli hist week, made the astounding statement, thal the losses ol' i usu ra nee companies in 11 . ? country ure six times grouter than in langland; that in his own company, li?' thinks twenty per rent, ol' the losses paid are lor fraudulent elainis. saying nothing of elainis that an* fraudulent and not paid ; thal legislatures often ito all they ?.an to help sw i nd lo rs of i usu ranee nun pan ?es; thal the law courts " generally " strain the law in favor ol' incendiaries, and that the honest purl of (he com munity has io make up for i hose Inir dens on Iii? companies. This cannot he said to form au agreeable picture for contemplation. Titi', consumption of Brazil codec in this country is enormous. During Ho season ?d' 187-1 it was 10:>,7.r>l tons, or au average ol' .S,?>?? tons per month. This was the largest consumption ot Brazil coffee in lin1 United States that was ever known, with the exception ol' t hut of I *7u. when los,002 tons were consumed. Thc cidlee trade is now on a linn footing, and the consumption stead ily increasing, especially in this coun try, where it is ?bout one-fourth of thal of the entire world. It is worthy ol' note that the world's consumption ol' eoll'ee is nearly, if not fully, 425,000 tons, or .jK5,000,000 pounds! The people ol'the United States consume more collin' than any other people on theglolie. The main source of collie supply is Brazil, hut .lava, Ceylon, and the West Indies furnishes a considerable quantity. The yearly value of the codee crop is esti mated, hy an Amsterdam authority, at first hands, at $125,000,000, and this amount is considerably reduced before ii flows back from the consumer. T?E September report of the deparat mcnt ol' agriculture says ol' the cotton crop: Could it be thorough'ripened, its aggregate would exceed any previous crop, and tin? yield per acre won hi h.- one ol' the host, notwithstanding the losses by the overflow of bottoms and tin saturation ol' heavy flat soil<. Such Ios-es have proved less than the usual damages by drougtli and insects, while the rains have greatly benefit ted I lie crops on drier and higher sails. Nearly every when- corn is late in maturing from oin- to two weeks. In general a high condition i- >till maintained, the average being one per cent, higher than in Au-rust. The state averages are: Maine - - - - - KiT New Hampshire - nm Vermont ----- ;is Ma-achu>cetts - - nm Connecticut - - - His New Yuri: - - :i*i New .len*}' - - ill I'ennsyl'vniiiH - ins Delaware ... nm Maryland - - - MIK Virginia - - - ll- North Carolina - lui South Carolina - - H7|<ieoivia - ;i| r'i?rhla - - - - KV,Alahaina - - - - un M i?i?>i|i|ii - - - I lil! I.niii-iana - - Texas ... - sit Arkan-a- ... - 'I'enni'.vi-e - - - - ill Wi-i Viigmia - - I117 Kentucky - - - I Kl'Oh io. Micliixuti - - - - I"1 liulitiiiii - - - - s:i I Minni- ... - ?Ci Wiwonsxn - - - - lin Miuuexota - - - 7'J Iowa - - - - <r> Missouri - - . Hi Kansis - ... |IKI Nel.raska - - - - K??Cnlif?irnw - - - llrep'li - - - - 1"" DlRKCT Trade with South America, from Southern ports, i- certain sooner or hiter to bc accomplished. At the present time there is no regular ?nd rel bible com munication with Venezuela, and heine they are now importing steam engines from Kuglund. Our hold upon Brazil has sensibly diminished since the failure ol a Baltimore firm that was engaged in exporting provisions und man il factures thither in exeluingn lor Brazilian coffee and other products. This circumstance will result favorably to thc efforts of thc Mississippi Valley Company in establish Di roce Trailc in that |Hirtiou of t he worltl. Their ships will have the advantage, too, of a shorter tl isla ncc from New Orleans to South America, and all the gains ol interior watcrcommunication. Kven the Philadelphia North A mc rican confesses that the interests of thc people of the en tire country will be directly or individ ually benefited by Direct Trade between Southern ports and South America, the enterprise being really National and not local. Tltl?SKCMI'Vr OK l l KA l/l ll.-M. Bobing, an eminent Kreuch chemist. announces lo thc French Academy of Medicine ???s belief that life exists only in comhtlston which occurs in our bodies -like that which takes place in ell i ill ne vs leave- a detritus which is fatal to life. To re move this, he would administer lactic ?cid with ordinary food. This acid is known to |M)ssess the power of removing lor destroying the intrustntions which form OD 'lie arteries, cartilages, and vaivesof tin- he'irt, and. as buttermilk tiboinidH in snell acid, and is, moreover, au acceptable kind of food, its habitual lise! it is urged by .M. Bobing, will free thc system from thone cause?, v. hieb in ev itablv cause deal li between thc uvveuts fifth und une hundredth year. MAN xor I>I:I?:KXKKATIXI?. I'll?; 'liiilci n (ilian il? il?x lita i liv I"-.' |?H:iu ol' l'Iioii-ioiils ol' Vrai s tgo. Tin- ll oil vin l'ii-jliwli <n:iii 11i?;??. i? 'l'han Iiis Alll'l'siiirs. There never was ;i delusion with less evi dence fur it. CXC< :.' il pCI'llHtUfUt illlj .. -- 'ion muong mankind, which i- often the result. not itt ... . unuilati ?! . . N j?< ri? n? ?.. hut of au ever renewing discontent wi til thc actual slate of things. There i- aol llic slighesl evidence anywhere thal man ivas? ever bigger, st runner. swifter, o mme emin i 'm"; und? : the ~:imc condir Lions of (bod ?md climate than he i- now. As to thc bigness, the evidence i- po-' itivc. .Mndcrn Kgyptiaiis are as big as tbc mummies wini were eoni|iierors in their day, and modern Knglishnieti arc lugger. 'Phere ?ire IHM ?II existence :i thousand ci ?a ts of armor which an Kitg lishiuan regiincnl eotihl pul mi. Yuri few moderns eau use ancient swords, lie cause ihe hilts arc tun small fm' their hainl<. Kudless wealth anil skill were ex pended in |ti?*kiug gladiators, and llit'i'c is no evidence thal ?1 111:111 anion": I hem was ?is hi g ur as si rone; as Shaw. No skeleton, in? statue, no pictures, in dicates that men in general were bigger, 'flic .lews nf tn-day are a- large as i bey were in Kgypt, or larger. The people nf the lioinagna have all the nearing a uti more than the size of thc Kunian soldiery. No lent i- recorded as usual wiih Ci reek athletes which Knglish acrobat-could not ?icrfnrm now. There is no naked savage tri 1 ?. which naked ('ornishmcn or Yorkshircnien could not strangle. No race exists ot' which ?i thousand men similarly armed would defeat an Knglish. or ( ?crinan, or Itusvian regiment of et|iial numbers. Nothing is rci-orded of our forefathers herc in Knglaud which Kliglishmcii could not do, unless il be Mime feats o! archery, which were thc results of.M long training of the eye continued for geiiera lions. Thc inosi civilized and luxurious toiQ.iIv thal ever existed, the Kuropean royal casts, is physically as big, heath ly, and as powerful as any people of whom wc nave any account that science can accept. Theirs' Krenchnuin in t'ttfsar's (?aul in all bodily conditions, and with an increased power of keening alive, which may bc partly owing to improved conditions of living. Inn i |n mably owing still more to developed vit. Hi v. There is no evidence that ' ven the feeble races are techier than .. N-?i:mc arie i their first aeellmattza l\pu> 1 tie Jtengalcc was what we know bim twelve hundred years agu, and tin Chi namen was rep rescued on porcelain just as he i- now before the birth of I'hr ?st. No race ever tn lt I li plied like the Anglo-Saxon, which ha- iiad 110 ad vantage of climate, and till lately no particular ad vantage nf lund. Physical condition depend- on physical condi tions, and why should a race better led. better clothed, and heller boused than il L'ver was before degenerate? Ilccausc ii 'ats corn instead of berries ? Compare lin- (.'a I i for 11 ia and the lligger Indian. I leca 11 sc il wears clothes? I be wearing if clothes, if burdensome-which the ex ?lericncc of army doctors i 11 India a- io lin! best costunie for marching make- cx .e-ivelv doubtful, they declaring uuiiii lUOltsly that breech les- m n sulli'r from .aric?se, veins, ns men wearing trousers lo not -must operate as a permanent ihvsical training. You carry weight nil it nally. Ilccuusc. they keep indoors? 'omparc Knglish professionals with la na lian savages, living in identically the lame climate, hui living ont of doors. 'Mic conditions of civilization IHM only lo - ol prob ?hit Capt. Webb, who would nive out-walked, out-swum, or strangled m\ (?erman that Tacitus ever romanced limul, but they enabled bim to live to .cvnity instead of dying at forty-live, as wo '.hotisatid years ago be. 1 ben probably i slave bred for the arena, would hilve lour. Tba! thc human mee, even tinder the .est conditions, advances very little in ihydcal capacities is une. Inn i hen ii i rttealso that those conditions arc nm alai to liie must (towerfuI of the old im nov ng forces, the survival of the fittest, ?.till an advance is perceptible in vital ???wir, ami we question w hether a f?reek uv?iuuie.r wini hi ever have crossed from I love* lo ('alais, just as st rongly as we piesiiou whether the ancient world ever |iossiv-"il a horse which would have tcbie-cd a place al Kpsom. Why should tuen prow feeble in eivili/.ation any linne iban torses, - f.ondon S/Hvtalor. The Cimiincfcial Prosjnuiij of .'rance. A financial journal publishes -onie in formation i'cs|H'cting Ihe ciHiunereial -ii nation ot' K ra nee Itefore and -ince lite ivar, which prove to a certain extent iv hat Macaulay .-aid aboil! no lorin ol ioverntnent hindering i lie march ?if jin is I teri ty. Wealth in Knglaud steadily in creased nuder Kli/.ahct h. Janies |. i barb-il. Cromwell, ele., nor haven pro visional government ?nul a republic pu rented the develojiiucnl of du; resources if this country. The total commercial movement, exports and imports, for 187*1 [which will prove inferior to that of IX7?) amounted to 7,lWr>,7l?4,00(l francs -say jL';{(M),0OO,OO(?-exceeding that bf ?8H?1 by about ?00,000,000, v. bi n the Kmpin; wa.? at the height of it- prosper ity, and when Alsace and Lorraine be longed to Prance. The rn i I wa vs a rc con .c(|iicntly doing a larger hilsi ness. The Western* line lias improved ii.uno francs 1 mile; the Northern, 7,0(1(1 Irani-; Lynns, 51,000 francs; the Kasterii, I I.ono runes ; (he f-Vutlhcrn,10,000 ha?tes. As ar as l'?'ris ?s eoiieerned there are fewer allures, Jailli the theil neal iveeipls iign of j luxury -show an increase >'< i,i;00,00(? fiancs over those of I SOO, In (.ii.- o(\ i. tb --- politician '} ii.t- and >tbvr partial ilisast'irs- there can be ito \MWbi [ix nt .V'rance im feuthiiig to turu plain ol', anil that sin- has more than r <- , covered that material welfare which is| supposed to have unnerved her tinder the immoral and luxurious empire. There i-. ot' course, a dark -ide ttl thi- hrilliant picture not alluded ttl hy the financial writer, to wit. the extra burden^ with whijdi t!ie country i- saddled. Deep Tilling and I mler-lMainim:. IlitoUigcul and observing tillers of tin soii in almost every eeetion ol' the lunn, try when- lin- drouth ha- prevailed to any consid?rai ?le i-xtent during thc past season, have I teen strikingly hupre-scd with the surprising advantage to the growing ereps arising from thorough drainage ot' heavy ~??il~ in connection with deep tillage ami aliiimhint fertiliza i i.I llie seed died. When the water 'ii.fa heavy >oil that is disposed lo bl uet, i- -mik by means ufa system of thorough nmlerdraining, -ay thirty or more inches beneath the -uria.if the -oil. if lite seed-hod be broken up deep, ihe finely comminuted soil will retain a much larger i|ii.*nititv of moisture in dry and hot weat ber t han il there were in? ll ndor-d rn i us. As the soil is deepened hy II nticr-d rai liing ami deep plowing, thc capacity to absorb moisture I nun the at mosphere i- greatly anginentcd. Hem e, in a dry season, if thc seed-hod lu- bro ken nil deep, the roots of growing plants sprout! Caliber in every iii reel ion through lin-soil: ami a- tin- mellow Cari ll will absorba nundi larger i?untnit\ of moist ure lilah iftho ont in st raia wert*ont! solid mass, every growing plain i-. in a groat measure, fort i lied ngniiisi the trying ih 11 nonces Of hot and i-'r\ weather. 1'iider draining and deep ploughing, in mu?er on- instances, have been tin- mean- of saving large crops from utter ruin by I ?rm rael ed drouth, lionet', many Carin ?is have been l?d to appreciate tin- mi va ni ages ol' ti mle i-d mining and i h ep ii|. Iago whore the soil wa- heavy, a- tin y have never done before. lt will pay Weil io umler-draiii wet laud ami to plow ii deep, whether lin- growing season i- to be too Wet or too dry . Hull bile in I'lirlllgal. A w riter on Portugal lifo says: Tho huger ol' lin- country tow n- have streets Cull ol' gentlemen's houses, and herc veg etate Crom year to year families who arc ju-l rich enough lo live without working. I'o live. Indeed, a- tin- Portuguese do ?n -ni h lowiis need ?.;.-t but little. A largt: house, with a plot ol' eabbages,*? kale ysird behind il: with whitewashed wall-, door- ii i nra rpo ted, a dozen woollen chair-, me or iwo tleal tables; lin fireplace, mn .ven a slovoj eit her in sittiugor bedroom; io eurtaiils io lin w indow-, no cover.- to die tables, no picture- on the walls, noli nirrors: no table- plea-anllv strewn with l i look-, magazines, newspapers, anti lad ie-' I i ivork; no such (liing visible a- a pot of I i .nt Mowers; no hin china, no clocks, no ?rn 11 zo:-nom- ot' tin- hu ml red trilles anti ?iiriosities w ith which in our houses we ?how our taste or waul of ii. inn which .ither way give such an individual chui nter and charm to Knglish hoiuos. All hose negatives describe the utterly I rea ry habitation- ol' the middle-class I'ortugiiose. I'or occup?t ions the women 10 needlework, gossip, go to mass tlailv, md look out ot' window by the hour. I'.xecpt the one short walk to church at ?ghi o'clock in tin- morning, a Portll ruese holy hardly ever appears in the t leets. As to t be mel). I bey loll lure a boll t liming I he shops, they smoke ?mininera de paper cigarettes, they take a " siesta" 11 tin- heal ol' the day. IC there is any iiiishiue they -laud in groups al the i n et corners, with umbrellas over their nad-: iii winter they wear a shawl over' i heir shoulders, folded and pul on three-IC oi nerwi-e. as a Kreuch or Knglish wo-j I' nan's -bawl is worn Cor this is a fashion i t II Portugal, and Ibo Spaniards laugh a j V rood deal al their neigh I mrs on the score ' ? C their being a nation who invert the 1 Im- order of things. In those towns ll here i< never any news, and if two men i 1 ire -ecu iii eager il ison ssh ill ot' Miine mat- I cr of apparently immense importance, t md if one happen- lo be near enough to | . ?vorhear lin- subject of conversation, be ure thal one ol' them is plunged in de pair or killing with enthusiasm al a rise ?r Call of a half-penny in ihe price of a mu nd of tob?ceo, 'flu-re are not event]' ash ions for them lo think about: young s nen and old men dre.-- alike, but the, s munger men w ear exceedingly light i K mot-, and when tiley " take their walks I s i broad" it is obvious Ihn! they do so in li -onsiderable diseomforl. Thu young men jo niwCver, hu ve one oceu|?ai iou more iiu-i ! lorian) even than wearing tight Inuits hal ol' making lin- very mildest Conn ol ove known among them. The profess,!. nd.I. i- carried on in so plat?nica man-j . n i ami willi -o much proper feeling that ' doubt ii'i-Mii tin- strictest Kngh'-h " rovcriioss wiiiihi timi anything to object N o. The young gentlemen pay their ad- ! J.' Ire-e- by -imply standing in front of the . louses occupied by the objects of their | died ions, while lin- young persons in (iiestioii look down apprbviiiglv from the ipiMM window*, ami lhere the matter ?wk - A CHICAN Kxi'Mili ATIONS.-A coillpa- jil ly has been Conned in Merlin w hich pro- ' a toses to found at Chou, thc most south in province of Abyssinia, a permanent : fi cith-nient, in tinier to send out scientific 1 p ix ped it iou- imo t In- unes plo red port iou j p d' A Cri ca. and to develop the commerce.e ?f the country. The objects ol' thc com-1 tl ?my ?re, however^ supposed to bo more c omineroial than scientific. |c (inly niue poisons ,,ui of a hundred JJ n e insane, from hereditary causes. The ()i nu-juins finstnnoe, aro more road-head- j t,\ tary than hereditary. M' ?nv and Sankey w ill rio in In- j ti vao'.. vlei, (hey return to CTiunro and ind the mili.. btihUUttd MVMI Hiv public v.hwvdn, r; FACTS AM) FANCIES. - A trot' in Ceylon is said to have luca standing more than two thousand vc?rsi The Buddhist priests sell its leaves as a panacea for sin, and it is a real bonanza t<> those pious teachers; -It i- -aid that the game of chess was invented by a tender woman, more thnn two thousand years ago. Site was a i|tieen, and played tin- first game with tin: teeth she had extracted from one ol her slaughtered enemies. Hans Tam mer, an Austrian, is exhi biting in Taris ?1 canine quartet. He has IV MI r dogs, and lie has taught each ?log to bark in two notes, and each dog's noti's ?ire di li?rent from those of the other dogs. He thus commauds eight notes, and gives "Lc donne mobile" and some other piries. -While? couple of women were dis cu?ing. the other day, the merits of a certain physician, one of them asked the other what kind of a doctor he was. .' Sure. 1 dunno,'' was the reply, "but I think it's mi alpaca doctor they call bim." -Chateaubriand said. ".Mine. Chat eaubriand would not dine later thau live. I was never hungry till seven. Hut wc compromised and dined at. six, so that wc could neither ol' us enjoy it ; an?! thal. i> what people rall thc happi ness of mutual concessions." ll will hardly bc necessary to tell tin- name ol' thc facetious party who went into a village dry poods store the i>thcr dav, and was observed to he look ing about, when thc proprietor remarked t?. him (hat they didn't keep whisky. .? li would save you a good many steps if von did," was thc stage-driver's quick reply. -A tramping printer on the route l?e Iween New York and Newburgh, is ac companied by his wife. When asked the other dav hy a country editor, why lie carted lier around with him, re marked that she took bim for better or ivorsf. ami. having had a good taste ol ihe latter, was endeavoring to > ul out where the better came in. -".lob printing?" exclaimed m old lady, tin; other dav. as she peep over 1er spectacle?, ;it the advertising ?e of i country paper, " Poor Job! i ty've {Opt him printing, w'C?k after week, ever ?r?ee I jami to read ; ami if he-w^/J ?he patientest man that ever was, he lever could have stood it so long, no low ! " 1 - I was acquainted once with a gallant oldier \\ 11< > assured me that his only net hod of courage was xiii- : Upon tho iist lire in an engagement he imiucdi Hely looked upon himself as a dead nan. Ile lin n fought out the remain ler ofthe dav pcrfeetly rcgardlc of all nanncr of danger, as becomes a dead nan lo he. So thal all thc life or limbs ie carried back to his tent be reckoned is ch ar gain, or, as he himself expressed t. '-o much out of the lire."-Sterin'. How to Hohl Fertility of the Soil, (iyusuni attracts, lt is not only a ma nir? in itself, but it attracts the atmns ihere that conies in contact with it, vhieli i- abundant on windy days, but it .alel?es and holds the fertility of the [round that in some soils escapes. Lime viii also do this-so will clay. Clay, I ried ami powdered, is an encellent thing 0 ?nit on a barn-yard, or to cover a coni iost heap with, or work through the heap; euee we use gypsum or lime in our sta iles or privies. Gypsum is best; it has he most attraction, besides other primer ies. A little should bc kept by every limier for use, even at high cost, as thc icnetii is sometimes more importantthan he high price. Hut wc waste our manure; tv not only permit its strength to eseajie, mt we an- glad to get it out of the way. The same recklessness extends to the ?md. It is well our land has a good pro inrtion cd'clay to hold its strength. Wc must conserve. The time is not ar distant when wr shall he eonipelledto lo il. Already there arc symptoms of nek in our soil; wc do not raise as heavy nips as we used to-here and there a iehlj here and there a farm is less pro uctive. lt is not so much that weneed ?laster here in the west lo hold the 1 length of the soil, as to use it to ab traci it from thc atmosphere, ami to ?ive the ammonia ol' our ham-yards and tables. For this let. us always keep a tile mi hand. Let us save and improve ur manure and thus save our farms. {ural World. Tm FAST MAH. Tit A INS.-A feeling as prevailed among commercial men ince the establishment ?d' the new fast mil trains that their interests were being icritieed to those of thc morning news apcrs by the post-office department, "nc idea got abroad that mercantile let [.rs were delayed ii nt il morning, and that lie lime of transmission to thc west was hereby increased instead of diminished nder the new arrangement. A number f merchants nnd publishers of evening ewspapcrs met at No. 17 Broadway yrs .rdny, nnd Major Hangs addressed the sseni binge, explaining thc system of lilway service ol' the United States very illy, ?ind said that the city could not ossihly bc better served than it ?" ?fc resent. The morning train? from tin's itv had been arranged to catch most of li? through trains in the west. Hms vervthing combined tn render a last vening train of no practical Rvalue. . In huming thc new service all theso things ad been carefully weighed, the principal biect hoing to accommodate the large ?tii? which ?re the distributing agencies, hould ,,"? pew considerations of imjioi' inee bo offered to t he department Major .mgs premised that, care won li betaken > ?ive them thc attention thvy wbjht