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THE VOL. V. NO. 41 Bennington. [Read at the Centennial celebration of the battle of Bennington, at Bennington, Vt, Anrrnof 1ft 1 nugMov *v. j On this fair valley's verdant breast The calm sweet ravs of summer rest And dove-like peace benignly broods On its smooth lawns and solemn woods. A century since, in flame and smoke, The storm of battle o'er it broke, And, ere the invader turned and fled, These pleasant fields were strewn with dead. ; Stark, quick to act and bold to dare, And Warner's mountain band were there. And Allen, who had flung the pen Aside to lead the Berkshire men. With fiery onset, blow for blow, They rushed upon the embattled foe, And swept his squadron from the vale, Like leaves before the autumn gale. Oh! never may the purple stain Of combat blot these fields again, Nor this fair valley ever cease To wear the placid smile of peace. Yet here, beside that battle-field, We plight the vow that, ere we yield The rights for which our fathers bled Our blood shall steep the ground we tread. ? William Cullen Bryant. APPLES. j Miulame sat in the sunny window sewing. The needle twinkled in her rapid fingers, ^nd the 6carlet stuff she stitched, glittering in tne snmignt, snea a re- j llected luster on her black hair, her j tintless face, the bits of coral in her j well-set cars. Madame prefers to be on the top story, ! she says. One is there away from the dust and noise of the street. Also, it : costs le38. Also, she will tell you gaily, | she can sec the tops of the sails, and the sun-lit masts of the ships that come and go at the wharves. toward which this j dingy street looks down. The shipR bring wealth and plenty to somebody, i Some of them come from France. Ah, ; beautiful France ! It is like being a ! poet, or having a fine imagination, to ' own a window one can see the world : out of. 9 Should any oue pity madame or officiously offer her sympathy, she will shrug her shoulders magnificently, spread out her hands, and say : " Whatwill yon ?" glancing toward her window as though the world were at her feet. Has she not her sunshine, her sewing, j and her little Fitine, who flits np and J down the ladder-like stairs like a bntter- : fly ? Fifine has black eyes and a danc- } ing smile. Fifiue is madame's poem, ! hor princess; she does not know poverty, j They had been poor in Paris, but Fifine j had never-gone hungry; they had wanted many things in Paris, but Fifine had al- ! ways her gay frilles dresses and her tiny j polished slippers. Was not her father j a professor ? was not her mother a lady ? ! Should they, then, associate on equal j terms with that degraded and degrading ' thing called poverty ? Nay ^indeed ! it | might own the house, but it'should not i sit at the board. It was poverty that had driven this family* thoughtlessly thoughtful, to America.. Professor Pierre would come here and teach the people French. It was a wide country, a roomy country, : and the people needed education. Pro- i fessor Pierre set sail, and died on the : passage. "Ah, but he was a scholar!" says Madame, sighing. "If he have live" ; . (madame'8 English is not quite so perfect as her French) "we shall by this time have the little viaison champetre, : the pretty place in the oountry, and the i little school, and the garden which we have talk and dream of so much in Paris. For there is room in America?ah, so much of room!" She looks up, smiling, from her work, as a light footstep comes flying along the ladder-like itair. " So come the angles !" says madame, ! devoutly, as Fiflne dances in. She has her tiny apron full of red apples, which i tumble out and roll upon the floor. Tfie sunshine, gleaming on madame's scarlet sewing, seems to recognize the ripe round fruit, and glows anew as having mei lb eisewnere m uweei iamiuur t orchards and on sunny slopes of far-away 1 hills. "All for you, maman," cries Fifine, look;ng down on the treasure. "And 1 oh, maman, he will give me a ride in the great wagon out to the beautiful country and the little old mother!" Madame's cheeks flush, her eyes scin- , tillate with an angry light.. "What is it you say, Fifine? And i who gave you these ?" But the child only answered breathlessly and confusedly. The apples were delicious, and Fifine was happy, but mad^me did not like strangers nor strangers' gifts. -She sat anxiously at the high window next day, looking down for Fifine as she came from school. The street was long and winding, i grimy and decaying; but people swarmed in it as if life was not undesirable. They throye in the scents and sounds and stifl- i ing air; they laugliod, they chatted, they oongregated in the tumble-down door- ; ways; and looked their poverty square in the face, shook hands with it, as it were. But the street had its pleasures too, 1 once in awhile, and its pictures. As at' this instant, when madame, looking down ; from the high window, saw a wagon-load of apples come jolting along, ruddy, nVininnonil mallnn? A Virtn'n ft ' bat and a bine shirt sat in the midst of ? the heap, and a tall, sunburned young fellow, with trousers tucked in his boots, walked alongside, hand in hand with a child, who danced about him, with her golden hair flying and her pretty feet twinkling, as she pointed up laughing to the far window where madame sat. In ome sudden moment she saw the little one caught up, deposited in a halffull basket, and both, lifted on the young man's shoulder, disappeared in the house. Up stairs they came, tramping, laugh- : ing and Fifiue, eager, jovfnl and breathless, was deposited at the door. 44 Oh, mamma!" she cried, clapping her hands, 44 see what we have brought ! you ! And here is Monsieur Jack." Outside, abashed, blushing, stood the j oung man with the basket, Madam 1 i BE . appearing on the threshold put him to utter confusion. She had tne bearing of a duchess. "What will you?" queried she, haughtily. "Excuse me, ma'am," was the stammering reply, as the intruder doffed his ? * v-x << t r great straw nat. "x uieau?x tuu uui i mean?that is, I promised the little one i a ride." "And?" said madam, sternly. " And," answered the youth, gathering up oourage, his honest, kindly eye looking straight into hers, " she needs a little change; a ride would not harm her, madam." "It is a liberty unpardonable. In my country it is not known that a vendor?a street vendor?will intrude himself on a lady's apartment. People know their place, and "? "I beg your pardon, madam. You are right," interrupted the stranger, his eheeks flushing hotly. "But this is America, not Paris. Good-day." He was gone. The place was blank and desolate. The apples lay on the floor. The sunlight had faded from the window. Fifine set up a frightful cry of disappointment. Ah! no ride, no pleasure, no delights in prospect now. She did not go dancing off to school next day, singing as she went. She came back with a headache, carrying it gloomily up to the top floor and the waiting mother. Two days, three passed. Fifine was really ill. She chatted incessantly of the ride and the beautiful country. She cried to see Monsieur Jack, as she had named her friend. One day madam slipped down stairs to buy some apples. It was the day for Monsieur Jack's appearance. The young man bowed when he caught sight of this princess from the top floor. Sliould he carry the apples up stairs for her ? Little Fifine, sitting flushed and feverish among a heap of pillows, lit up radiantly at sight of the sunburned face and great straw liat. "Ah! mamma," she cried, clapping her hands, "now we shall go in the country!" But Fifine was ill. Not for a dav nor a week, but for a long, wearv month, the little creature pined and sickened in the upper story of the tenement-house. And it fell out that nearly every day the young man's step sounded on the stair, and Monsieur Jack's face became familiar to all the neighbors as he made his way to the topmost floor. He petted Fifine, he chatted to her, and chajmed madam by stepping softly in spite of his big boots. Fifine watched hungrily for his ooming, and thus it was, doubtless, that madam also found herself sometimes listening for his footstep on the stair. . . / One sunny afternoon she stood smooth- | ing her glossy hair in the cracked looking-glass. The day was a hopeful one. The air was clear, the sun shone, Fifine was better. Madam's eyes brightened as she stood at the glass. She adjusted her knot oL ribbon, she touched up the white ruffle about her shapely throat. Without, there wan a creaking of the rickety stair. The eyes shone brighter in the dim little mirror. Madam stopped in her toilet suddenly, seeing their expectant visitor. " Can it be possible ?" she said to her self. " Have I come to this?to sewing in a garret, to starving, to begging almost, for Fifine, and to looking forward every day to the visit of a young man who is an apple vendor ? Paul? Professor Paul, was I ever worthy of thee ?" But when she opened the door, and Monsieur Jack stood modestly on the threshold, madam's eyes did not lose their sparkle. He brought a bunch of pinks for Fifine. "Ah!" cried Fifine, clapping her hands, "they came from the country When shall we go?ob, when shall we go, mama?" The mother looked at her tenderly, pitifully. The child had grown so thin with long illness. "My little one," she said, "I wish I was back with thee in my beautiful Paris, where we should have music and, flowers and parks, and "? " You can have them all here," interrupted Monsieur Jack, quietly. There were tears in Madam's eyes, but she turned upon him hotly. " What will you ?" she said. " Shall I take shame to myself that I am poor ? I was poor in Paris, but I named it not so. In my own country I have pleasant, gentle life. My Paul is very wise, very quiet. He will not have touch himself with what is rude and rough. I have my pot of flowers ; I have my fete days. It costs but a few sous to be happy. Ah ! why did we ever come away, my petite, to be reminded that we are beg gars!" Madam caught up her white handkerchief and wipe,1 her eyes. There was an awkward pause. Monsieur Jack played with Fifine's long locks, looking down 6ilent and reproved. Fifine, not knowing what was the matter, began to cry. " Ah, yes," said madam, excitedly, seeing the child's tears. It is no fault of mine, monsieur, that my little Filine is ill and pining. I cannot advertise that I must have her helped; and I am poor! I am poor! I am poor!'' Tf to be a relief to madam's mind that this well-kept secret was out at last. "Madam," said the visitor, rising, "I also am poor." "Excuse me, I pray you," said madam, her face paling suddenly; "I have talk much?it is weak. I ask your pardon." " When shall we go?when shall we go in the country ?" asked Fifine, seeing a pause. "Thou canst not alone, lit le one," said the mother, smiling, and rallying her spirit. "She need not go alone, madam," suggested Monsieur Jack, patting the child on the head?" not if you will go with her. * Ah ! what can poor people do ? Was not madam the wife of a professor, and was not her pride [very great therefor ? Could she go out riding with an apple vendor ? "When?" repeated the tiny invalid, imperatively. And the mother, driven into a corner, i answered : "To-morrow." ***** There was a little ojd woman in a yel-1 :au] AND PORT BEAUFORT, S. C. low gown stepping quickly about the i farm-house kitchen. She was making fine biscuit, her brisk, hordy hands I molding them deftly and quickly. She | has set out a round table with a white cloth, taking down the shining dishes ; from the old-fashioned dresser. " They will soon be here, I think," she says, ever and anon looking from the | great door, of which the upper half; swings in, after the manner of old Dutch farm-houses. She comes out presently, smiling and i courtesyiDg to a party who drive up in a neat little one-horse wagon. "This is my mother," says the young man wno | drives the equipage. He lifts down j Fifine ; he helps madam to alight. Fifine's face is shining like that of a i cherub new fledged in paradise. She ! kisses the little old mother, and they are J friends instantly. After that rare, that delicious lunch j in the old kitchen, they went wandering about the place?to the old hen barn, to ! the pasture, where two cows stood pa- j tiently and stupidly looking through the bars. "They are tame!" said Fifine, who had once been to a menagerie. The little old mother laughed, and the two prattled gayly along hand in hand. Madam, with a wild rose in her hair, strolled ahead with the elate Monsieur 1 Jack. Round them rolled the billowy hills, a faint autumnal haze floating at their low summits, and the smoke from there and then a farm-house wreathing up to the sunlight. Some birds twittered softly in the copse, scarcely distributing, the silence and sweetness of the summer time hush. A tiny brook running along the hedge glittering with cardinal flowers. Her companion gath-? ered a handful of the flaming spikes for madam. "Ah, how beautiful they are!" she cried. "How beautiful it all is here! One could, indeed, live here forever-" -? - - * 1 1 Ml She glanced about at tne purpie nms, the fields, the peace and plenty everywhere. 44 How can you have all these glories, and be poor?" she asked. "In my country a peasant would call himself rich with all these. He will have manv friends, and his wife will wear a silk gown. He will not traffic in the city with the canaille." A deep flush rose to the young man's [ cheek. He did nst reply at once. "Madam," said he, at length, "in this country there are no peasants. We are all free, and we do not care for trifles. A man who owns his little farm is independent; he can make his own market if lie chooses. That is enterprise; that is what keeps the fences trim, and the little old mother stirring. I buy and sell where I can. I have no wife to object," he added, laughing; " and for the rest, I am, after all, a poor i^an." " Such poverty !" cried madam, lifting her hands. 4 4 Here, I repeat, I could stay forever, my friend." 44 And w;ll you ?" said Monsieur Jack,, turning his sunburned face suddenly upon her. 44 See, madam, how happily we have spent the day together. Let us have many such." Fifinecame flitting up the path, laughing and singing. 44 Oh, stay! oh, stay, maman !" she cried; 44 the dear old mother will not let us go away" 441 shall buy my wife a silk gown whispered Monsier Jack, mischievously. 44 Say yes, maman," cried Fiflne. And madam, blushing and smiling, looked down at the cardinal flowers and said 44 Yes. "?Harpers Weekly. Sunday in the Black Hills. A correspondent, writing from Deadwood in the Black Hills says : On the Sabbath day the streets present a perfect Babel of confusion. Ox trains and r?nlo bom# Klrvk f.hft stroets. their drivers shouting and cursing in a vain attempt to unravel the tangled teams. Auctioneers strain their throats, while the eating-house keepers add to the clamor by inviting with bells and gongs the poorly-fed miners to walk in and get a square meal. The sidewalks are crowded, and locomotion is difficult. Bootblacks invite the passers-by to take seats in their comfortable booths on the edge of the walks, while the newsboys lift their shrill voices and announce the latest news from the strikers, the Indians, or the road agents. While the city is thus in the possession of people from outside camps, hundreds of those who can get away roam through the country, and the roads in every direction are lively with pedestrians who are visiting the various mines, or going to see how their own ventures are progressing, for nearly everybody has a claim of some sort, and all expect to realize a fortune. A ride through the country is refreshing, indeed, after one has tired of the confusion in the city on a Sunday. The greater portion of the cabins are of course closed and locked, as their proprietors are "seeing life," but occasionally one is found where the inmates are more frugal. Some are reading, some playing cards, some resume practice on their fiddle and accordeon, and some are busy in pounding rocks, snxious to find colors. Once in a while you will come across a cabin which is distinguished from the others by an air of neatness and taste. The path before the door has been swept. The window has a curtain and perhaps a ? 1 i - ? J - i-iii _ i i - e j._ i_i lew plants, ana a iitue ueu ui vegeuiuies is visible. If the door is open, yon will see a clean floor with perhaps a strip of carpet on it, and a rude bedstead with snowy sheets and pillow slips. Look carefully, and you are sure to find a woman and probably a baby. When you discover such a habitation, if you will examine those immediately about it you are certain to find a comparative degree of neatness prevailing, although they are inhabited by men alone, for one woman has a refining effect on a whole neighborhood, and the rough, lonesome bachelor miners are ashamed to live in dirt while their neighbor's woman can see it. The young ladies in Upper Sandusky, O., are aiding the Murphy temperance movement in the following manner: When a young man calls upon one of them with matrimonial intentions, he finds a Murphy badge ou one corner of the center table, and on the opposite corner the representation of a mitten, nud he is asked to decide which corner he accepts. FOR' ROYAL CC , THURSDAY, SEP LUNG-SING AND THE INDIANS. 11* . a Chinese Miner Held the Fort Against ! a Hand of Sionx?Chased from Boston | Town, He Strikes It Rich In Baked Po- j tato-A Cave with Ontlets~Sle?e of j Chln.Lnnv, and How It was Raised. When Boston Town, in the Black Hills, and about thirty miles from Deadwood, woke up one morning, and found a Chinaman walking with his kit on his shoulder, every old miner was dumbfounded. It had been given out, and was generally understood, that Boston Town wouldn't wait a minute before shooting the first Chinaman who dared to show his head in camp, and this ' traveler ought to have been posted. He ! coolly walked about trying to discover whether the diggings werd rich or poor, and nodding familiarly to every miner > who showed his head. It took the camp just four minutes to realize the situation, blow the rallying horn, and resolve: "Thatthere is one of them blamed Chinese in camp, and it is our duty to teach him a great moral lesson." Lung-Sing went out o' there like a tornado, his sheet-iron frying pan banging the back of his head at every jump, and his heels digging up a perfect shower of gravel. None of the bullets fired at him took effect, and breakfast was hardly eaten before tne incident was forgotten. The Chinaman was out there to make a stake. He knew all about the Indians, but when chased out of Boston Town, he pushed right ahead over the frontier and up the hills, and when he "struck yellow " he was four miles in advance of any camp. Lung-Sing wasn't one of your dirt washers or gravel pawers, but he struck for quartz rock, and lie kept a loose eve squinting around for nuggets. He halted where he did, because it was far enough from white miners, near enough to the Indians, and the place offered a secure retreat. It woo a narra crf-Amlinc into the hill Or rooge since christened Baked Potato. The hole was large enough for three men to enter abreast, and the cave was cut up in curious shape. Back twenty feet from its mouth it split into three caves, each winding around in a half circle, and after a short time Lung-Sing discovered that each of the three had an outlet on the hill, but not within half a mile of each other." "Alle light," he mused, as he made ready to take possession in the name of the Celestial Empire, " alle light; Injun man come if he wan tee, Lung-Sing no flaid." There was rich quartz rock in the cave. In one month after being occupied by a party of six white men it panned out $17,000. Lung-Sing knew that he had struck a big thing, and his mind was made up to stay there, Indians .or no Indians. In the afternoon of the second day after he began work the Chinaman, who was working by torchlight, felt a twist at his pig-tail, and he glanced around to discover an Indian warrior beside him. Some Chinamen would have "played calf at once," but Lung-Sing was working for $200 per day. At the second jerk on his queue he seized his torch, and thrust it in the face of his captor. The next instant he was rattling hie canoe-toed shoes down the dark passage with a noise Mke a horse galloping on a plank sidewalk. When he climbed out on the hillside and looked down, he saw a score of Indians around the mouth of the cave, and one of them was hopping around, as if he didn't feel well. LungSing sat there behind a bush and chuckled and grinned for an hour, and when the redskins departed he went back to his work, sagely musing: "If Injun manee flink I'm a fool he find outee." They were certain to come again. He had no arms except a light shot gun and a hatchet, but he had come to stay. The idea of his dusting out of that just because a few hundred Indians might object to his presence was too absurd to contemplate. He stretched a score of bark strings across the mouth of the cave, aud then connected them with a single string running back to his work. This last string ran along the roof and over a stone splinter, and held up a stone which mnaf. fall tn tlia floor if anv one attemDt- I ed to displace the strings across the month of the cave. When he had finished this work and satisfied himself that it could be depended on, the heathen drew down his left eye, slanted his hat over his left ear, and quoted Confucius. The redskins weren't at all pleased at the way they had been cheated, and next jporning a whole car load of them returned to the cave, having torches to explore it. When they saw the bark strings across its mouth they suspected a trap, and fooled around for two or three hours. Meanwhile Lung-Sing was plying hammer and pick, bringing down ninety per cent, of gold with every ten per cent, of stone. He had struck it rich. "Spat!" came the stone .which he had fixed up for a signal bell, and the long-eyed heathen scored for a start and get away in fine style. The Indians halted in the mouth of the cave to -peer around and light their torches, and during this delay Lung-Sing wasn't stopping to play marbles on the floor of the cave. He emerged from the same cavity as before, a little damp under the collar, but in prime condition. He was making his left eye wink cutely at his right, and figuring up the profits of his morning's work, wh?n he heard the Indians coming. They had divided into three bands and followed the three passages. He got. ? - - # - T>?i. ? m Instead of mating ior xkjbiuu iuwu ur Measles City, he slid down the mountain side and entered the cave by the front door. The Indians had brought along almost a wagon load of dry grass and weeds, expecting to have to smoke him out. There was a strong draft through the cave, and when the heithen discovered the grass, and that none of the savages had remained behind, he nearly wrenched himself to pieces to carry out a suddenly conceived plan. In the course of seven or eight nlinutes he had carried the grass to the point where the cave split, and he choked each passage as far as the material would go. Then he pulled out his match box and listened and waited. He reasoned that the Indians would return by the same routes, and he was right. He heard them in the three passages almost at the same time, and when the foremost was not more than forty feet away the match was lighted. The grass was like tinder, and the draft drew the roaring flames into the passages in an instant. Three grand yells from the three bands reached T T )MMERCIAL. TEMBEK 13, 1877. Lung-Sing at once, and lie put his finger on his nose and softly said: " LungSing somebody's flool, maybe." The redskins got a terrible roasting. ' It has been twice stated by members of . the same band that not a savage escaped injury, and it is certain that more than a dozen cooked and charred bodies were found in the passages weeks afterward * ' ' rm 1 l 1. 1 Dy wniie men. xnose wuu^ui out wwo ; terribly burned, and several died at their village. As the redskins had found no one in the cave the fire appealed to their superstition. They believed the place to be occupied bv the spirit of some outlawed warrior; he had kindled the flames in revenge on them for daring to intrude. None of them had ever been near the cave again up to six weeks ago. Lung-Sing, rearranged his signal, and returned to his work. In the gray of morning, six weeks after he had been driven out of Boston Town, an early riser caught sight of him again. He was trotting along at the head of four pack males and a dozen Chinamen, all loaded down, but he hadn't time to stop and explain whether they carried goods to set up an " original dollar store " in the Hills, or had the material which yellow-boys are made of. The miners nad their own ideas about that, and after a close search they discovered the cave and its great riches. Girls Attacked by a Buck, Jennie Moigan, Kittie Vail and Gertrude Dykman, aged eighteen, seventeen and fifteen, respectively, all of Brooklyn, N. Y., came to spend a brief vacation with some relatives who dwell near the Blooming Grove (Pa.) Park association's pond. A fishing excursion was arranged lor them, and they took an old boat and rowed out into the water and anchored. They fished for several hours, and then rowed once or twice arouhd the pond, and then started to row across to the point from which they started. Near the center of the pond the head of a buck hove in sight. The maidens took the situation as coolly as the circumsfflTifPR would admit, and betran to nad die with a will Bat the animal gained upon them, and seeing that further efforts to reach the shore would bo futile, they stopped paddling and prepared for an attack. And their preparations were not in vain ; for, slashing and plunging, and with eyes like balls of fire, the buck bore down upon them. When he was within a few feet of the boat, one with a piece of a seat, and the others each with one of the oars, made a thrust at the buck's head. The blows sent him under the water, but in an instant it shot up, and the buck planted his fore feet into the side of the boat, nearly capsizing it, and throwing Miss Dvknian and Miss Morgan out into the pond. Miss Vail seized the opposite side of the boat and saved herself. The two girls now, each with one hand, seized the buck by the antlers, and clung to the boat witn the other. Miss Vail began to bring heavy blows to bear upon the buck's head, but with little effect. The snorting monete* swayed and pluuged, yet the plucky girls maintained their hold, and screamed. Within a few rods of the pond lives a German, who, hearing their cries, ' " i ?sit !. rpi.? Hastened to me pouu wiwi ms nue. iuc girls still clinging to tlie l>oat, which was about five hundred yards from the shore, the buck had freed itself, and was swimming for the opposite shore. Getting into an old scow, the German paddled out to a good range and shot the buck dead. After the Germali liad landed the maidens, Miss Dykman and Miss Morgan fainted. They were cared for in a farm house near by. The clothing of the two girls who had been in the water was nearly torn from them, and they were considerably scratched and bruised by the deer's antlers. The deer was brought to the shore, and when dressed weighed over two hundred pounds. How Some English Girls Many. According to an Euglish paper, the richest heiress nowr on the engaged list is Miss Crawsbay, the daughter of the Vulcan of the Hills in South Wales. Her dowry is said to be ?500,000, and she is about to bestow this with her hand and heart upon a briefless barrister on the South Wales circuit. I should be very happy to take her sister upon the same terms, if I felt inclined to marry?for money. These iron masters' daughters have a very considerate way of selecting poor men for their husbands, for Sir George Elliott's daughter married one of the special correspondents of the Daily News, and a few days ago the heiress of a Durham colliery proprietor bolted with the editor of a north country newspaper. It is said of one of these ladies, perhaps it would be cruel to say which?for the manoeuvre after all was innocent enough ?that meeting with a gentleman onboard a steamer which was engaged in laying a deep sea cable in the Atlantic, they very naturally took to flirting on the quarter deck. The lady was all alone except with papa. The gentleman made himself agreeable, and, being tall and handsome of course soon ingratiated himself with the iron-king's daughter. One day, finding himself alone, he proposed there and then. "Hush!" said the lady, " papa is asleep on the sofa and might hear you. Let us take a stroll on deck." " i am very sorry," said the lady, resuming the conversation on deck, "but, of course, you did not know when you were talking to me below that I was engaged. But I have a sister at home who is exactly like me; you would not know us apart, and when you return home I will introduce you to her." The introduction followed in due course, and the marriage within six months. The court- j ship all took place by proxy. Lake Superior. There are few persons in this country, and still less in the old world, who have anything like an adequate conception of the immense extent of this great inland sea. To the lakes of Europe it bears about the same relative comparison in point of size as the Missouri and Mississippi bear to the European rivers. The lakes of England and Scotland are mere puddles compared with this leviathan. Lake Superior is 500 miles long,, and its greatest breadth is 100. Its circumference is about 1700 miles, or about half the distance from Boston to Liverpool. Lake Superior contains one island nearly as large as Scotland ! and has si^vernl as large as Rhode Island and Dela^re. RIBI $2.00 per i THE COTTON GIN. ilintory of the Invention?Culture of Cotton ?The Old method of Cleaning. The cotton gin was invented in 1793. j The cultnre of cotton was begun in the i Southern colonies in 1770. It was an experiment for which the older nations , of the world were not prepared, and was j suited only to a bold and adventurous i people. In 1784, the year after the I close of the Revolutionary war, a vessel from this country, that had carried to Liverpool eight bales of cotton, was seized in that port upon the suspicious charge of illicit trade, grounded on the ; nrflRnmntinn that so larare a ouantity of ' cotton oould not possibly have been the i production of the United States. Eleven j years later than this, in 1795, when the ' commercial treaty which bears the name ! of Mr. Jay was negotiated between the ' United States and Great Britain, one j article of the treaty, as it originally i stood, prohibited the exportation from ! this country, in American vessels, of; such articles as Great Britain had previously imported from the West Indies. Mr. Jay was surprised to learn subsequentlv that cotton was included in this prohibition, and still more surprised to j be 'made acquainted with the fact, of 1 which he was till then wholly unaware, that cotton was becoming an article of export from the United States. The culture was continued, amid difficulties and embarrassments which constantly threatened its abandonment, till in 1791 the whole amount of cotton exported from the United States was but 189,316 pounds. The next year, that preceding the invention of the cotton gin, the amount exported was diminished 50,900 pounds. There was, in fact, from the incipiency of the culture to the period of this invention, no indication of any tendency to an increase of the produc* * - 11_ If. tion. Tlie cmei aimcuiiy m iue pn?ccation of the enterprise had been found to be the extremely slow and laborious processof cleaning the green-seed cotton, or separating it from the seed; and so serious had this embanjhssment come to be regarded that the cultivators were generally inclined to yield to it as an insuperable objection to what had been the grand design of the undertaking, namely, the raising of cotton for the European market. The green seed cotton is that which is commonly known as the upland or bowed Georgia cotton, by which name it is distinguished from that produced in the island and low districts near the shore, called sea island, or black seed cotton. The latter is the finest kind, and derives its name from the circumstance of its having been the first cultivated in this country in the low sandy islands on the coast of South Carolina. It will not flourish at a distance from the sea, and its qualify gradually deteriorates as it is removed from "the salutary action of the ocean's spray." It has a longer fiber than other cottons, and is of a peculiarly even and silky texture, which qualities give it its superior market value. The expression " bowed," which is applied to the upland cotton, is descriptive of the means that were employed for cleaning it, or loosening the filament from the seed, previous to the invention of the cotton gins. The process was similar to that employed by hatters for beating up wool to the proper consistency for felting. Strings, attached to a bow, were brought in contact with a heap of uncleaned cotton and struck so as to cause violent vibrations, and thus to open the locks of cotton and permit the easy separation of the seed from the fiber. The cleaning was likewise done wholly by hand, the work of the bowstrings being scarcely more efficient than that accomplished by the fingers of the slaves. In either case the process was disconragingly tedious and slow. Whitnev's cotton-gin overcame all this difficulty and furnished the means of separating the seed and cleaning the cotton with such economy of labor and time as at once to give a spring to the agricul4 1 ??-3 x Ah.* rtn/1 on im. rnrai industry oi uic ouuui, ouu au .... petus io what in a few years, comparatively, became one of the most important branches of the commerce and manufactures of the world. Japanese Grog-Shops. The grog-shops of Japan are neither more nor less than tea-shops. All along the public roads, at frequent distances, are planted pleasant tea-houses. The " tea," according to a correspondent, when they must stop by the wayside, and in such little bits of cups that one could drink the contents ot twenty of them, and then want more. Pretty teagirls stand by the entrance, and (their teeth not yet blackened) with pretty ways and courtesies so fascinating that tea even without sugar or milk becomes agreeable. On pretty lacquered waiters the tea-girls hand you little tiny cups with a mouthful in them, and you squat down on the nice clean mats, if squat you can, and you sip, and sip, and sip I this mouthful of hot tea, as if the gods' j nectar was going down their throat in infinitesimal drops of microscopic in-: visibility. The keeper of a Japan tea-1 house picks out as pretty a place for a ! tea-house as he or she can get. The keeper covets, if possible, a view of and ; the air of the Bay of Yeddo, along which il? ? wo it Vioro rnnH fcllfi i tliC illUOb Ui vuvy nwj uv*v ??? ?_ ^ Tocaido. The grand tea-house is cut up j into numerous little rooms, with paper ; partitions to part them, running on slides, but all removable at will, to restore the whole to one grand room. Cakes, sweetmeats and candies are brought in with the tea, all put on the , clean matted floor (there are no seats) and all squat or stretch out on the floor. Window Glass. There are seventy establishments in the United States devoted to the production of window glass. Twenty-seven of these are in New Jersey ; the others are scattered through New England, New York, Pennsylvania, Maryland, Ohio and elsewhere in the West The capital invested in the industry is about$6,000, 000 in New Jersey alone, while the annual production'of that State is between 2,000,000 and 3,000,000 boxes of the various qualities and sizes of glass. The window glass manufacturing interest is now one of the principal industries of this country, and is destined to check the importation of glass to America ; in fact, many of the American manufacturers are now exporting large quantities of glass and glassware. 7NE lira, Single Copy 5 Cents. Items of Interest. Some men are good because goodness pays; some are good for nothing. Cuban money is coming up a little. Thirty dollars now buys a cheap pair of boots. " Where are the great men?" asks an exchange. Perhaps they are at fat me?io' picnics. Between 8,000 and 10,000 glass eyes are sold annually in thj United States. An eyemaker gives one in 125 as the proportion of one-eyed people. It is estimated that Louisiana this year will make about 4UU,UUU Daies 01 couuu, 200,000 hogsheads of sugar, 300,000 barrels of molasses and 150,000 pounds of rice. From many of the larger places in Connecticut there is reported a large increase in beer drinking within a year or two, and a corresponding decrease in the use of spirits. Tweed's daughter, who married Magin nis in 1870, and whose wedding presents cost $60,000, is now living in ab- . solute poverty, the bridal presents and finery having all been sent to the pawn* shops. Swearing on the Bible was first introduced into judicial proceedings by the Saxons about A. D. 600. It was called a corporeal oath because the witness with his hand touched some part of the holy scripture. , >1 Fifty thousand shirts, on whi^h are printed extracts from the Koran in blot characters and as many woolen waistcoats, whereon is emblazoned the prophet's seal, are being manufactured in Paris for the Turkish soldiers. Her majesty Queen Victoria has been . .pleased to appoint Lady Elizabeth Phillippa Biddulph extra woman of the bedchamber. And they say it fa beautiful to see her take a pillowcase between her teeth and slip the pillow in. "I want five cents worth of starch," said a little girl to a grocer's clerk. The clerk wishing to tease the child^ asked: " What do you want five cents' worth of starch for?' "Why, for five cents, of course," she answered, and the clnrk concluded to attend to his own business; In the cemetery of Pere la Chaise, in. Paris, there is a grave from which rises a woman's arm, beautifully chiseled in ' marble. The hand is clasped by another, evidently a man's, that comes from an adjoining grave. It was the fancy of a young husband who did not long survive his bride. / A New Hampshire register of deeds recently traced the name of Rollins back1 - A? 1?Uo rbncovered that IWU 11U11U1CU J^cmo* MV within that period the spelling had been changed nine times, as follows: Bowlings, Rawhngs, Balins, Ballins, Rolins, Ralings, Ballings, Boilings, Rollins. Did it occnr to von," said he, timidly leaning aronnd the doorpost, "that a steam engine and a trained clam are not wholly unlike?" Mingled with, the racket produced by an office chair violently hurled after his vanishing form, came certain oonfused sounds which resembled: "Because, you see, they are both controlled bivalves." Why she wouldn't: A young lady was at a party during which quarrels between man and wife were discussed. '' [ think," said an unmarried older sod, "that the proper thing is for the husband to nave it out at once, and thus avoid quarrels for the future. I would light a cigar in the carriage after the wedding breakfast, '" < and settle tne smo&ujg ijuconvu " I would knock the cigar oat of your mouth," iuterrnpted the belle. "Do you know, I don't think you would be there," he remarked. Oh, the flies! the horrible flies ! Buzzing around like election lies : Dodging abont like a maniac's dream, Over the bntter and into the cream ; Holding conventions all over the bread, Biting your ears and tickling yoor head ; Crawling, * Buzzing, Too busy to die, Begone, thou buzzing, pestiferous fly f ? Words of Wisdom. Envy shooteth at others and woundeth herself. Most of our misfortunes are more supportable than the comments of our friends upon them. One ungrateful man does an injury to all who are wretched. Frowns blight young children as frosty nights blight young plants. A cheerful face is nearly as good for - * HI an invalid as netuuijr *c<?uu?*. Be not hasty to cast off every aspersion that is cast upon yon. Let them alone for a while, and then like mud on clothes, thev will rnb off of themselves. The memory of an eye is the most, deathless of memories, because there, if anywhere, yon catch a glimpse of the visible soul as it sits by the window. No charity should be extended to those who are not as willing to do justice as they are to receive it. The wealth of a man is the number of things which he loves and blesses, and which he is loved and blessed by. True happiness is of a retired nature, and is an enemy to pomp and noise. * It arises, in the hist place, from the enjoyRplf and in the next, from mcuv v/a vmw w 7 _ the friendship and conversation of a few select companions. The willow that bends to the tempest often escapes better than the oak which resists it, and so in great calamities it sometimes happens that light and frivolous spirits recover their elasticity and presence of mind sooner than those of a loftier character. Turkish Proverbs. Rival; don't envy. Sow wroug: reap remorse. Envy is a sickness never cured. Poverty is the companion of ambitiou. Multiply your children: add to your cares. A stone from a friend's hand is worth i an apple. Dear things are cheap, if you don't i recall the day you bought them. ' The word yon hold back is your slave, l the word you say is your mast r. Make yonr equal your crony, aud be I thick with him who kuew your father ! and grandfather. Rendering good for good, lie is most I generous who begins; rendering evil for J evil, he is most unjust who begins.